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45-416: As designed, the vessel measured 69,845  GT and 6,995  DWT . She has a length of 245.08 m (804 ft 1 in), a beam of 32.25 m (105 ft 10 in), and a draft of 7.90 m (25 ft 11 in). The two propeller shafts are driven by two 12,000 kW Alsthom motors. She is powered by four MAN - B&W 8L58/64 diesel generators, with a combined output of 38,880 kW and

90-581: A Caribbean itinerary that departed from Port Everglades on 19 March 2006. With 79 cabins destroyed and a further 204 damaged, the ship was moved to the Bahamas where she was prepared for a transatlantic crossing to the Lloyd Werft shipyard in Bremerhaven, Germany , for repairs. Her remaining Caribbean cruises and a transatlantic cruise were cancelled, with the anticipation that she would begin her summer season in

135-491: A mathematical formula. Gross tonnage is based on "the moulded volume of all enclosed spaces of the ship" whereas net tonnage is based on "the moulded volume of all cargo spaces of the ship". In addition, a ship's net tonnage is constrained to be no less than 30% of her gross tonnage. The gross tonnage calculation is defined in Regulation 3 of Annex 1 of The International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969 . It

180-489: A maximum speed of 19.5 knots (36.1 km/h; 22.4 mph). The ship originally had a maximum guest capacity of 1,910 passengers. The cruise ship was built at a cost of US$ 276.8 million. Her distinctive curved profile—often referred to as 'dolphin-like'—was designed by Renzo Piano . Crown Princess was built by Fincantieri in Monfalcone , Italy , with the yard number 5839. She was launched on 25 May 1989. Crown Princess

225-576: A new German-based cruise line called A'Rosa Cruises and announced Crown Princess would serve as the new brand's inaugural ship upon its debut in mid-2002. Crown Princess performed her last cruise, a sailing to the Mexican Riviera , in April 2002, and arrived at the Lloyd Werft shipyard in Bremerhaven in May, where she received an extensive month-long renovation. As A'Rosa Blu , she was marketed exclusively to

270-458: A reporter, and the passengers who spotted the survivors led to allegations that the small boat sighted nine days prior was, in fact, the Fifty Cent , and that Star Princess had failed to stop and render aid. Princess first indicated that there had been a breakdown in communication and the captain had not been notified of the sighting. A later report stated that a crew member did, in fact, convey

315-810: A revamped atrium, and new restaurants. In December 2019, P&O announced that Pacific Encounter would homeport in Brisbane beginning in November 2021 and cruise to different destinations in Oceania, including the Queensland coast and Melanesia islands. As of December 2021, the ship is subject to P&O's resumption of operations, which are scheduled to commence in March 2022. In June 2024, Carnival Corp. announced P&O Cruises Australia would be closed and absorbed into Carnival Cruise Line from March 2025, impacting all ship's of

360-511: A smoldering discarded cigarette probably did cause the flames, the following items were also at fault for allowing the fire to spread as quickly as it did: The cruise was terminated in Montego Bay and passengers were evacuated to hotels in Jamaica and subsequently flew home. All passengers received a full refund and were reimbursed any out-of-pocket travel expenses they incurred. The ship had been on

405-561: A universal tonnage measurement system. Various methods were previously used to calculate merchant ship tonnage, but they differed significantly and one single international system was needed. Previous methods traced back to George Moorsom of Great Britain 's Board of Trade who devised one such method in 1854. The tonnage determination rules apply to all ships built on or after 18 July 1982. Ships built before that date were given 12 years to migrate from their existing gross register tonnage (GRT) to use of GT and NT. The phase-in period

450-691: Is a Grand -class cruise ship operated by P&O Cruises Australia , a subsidiary of Carnival Corporation & plc . She was originally delivered in 2002 as Star Princess to sister cruise line Princess Cruises in 2002 by Italian shipbuilder Fincantieri , and was the second ship in Princess' history to operate under the name. She had been the third Grand -class ship to be added to the fleet, following Grand Princess and Golden Princess . In 2018, Carnival Corporation announced that Star Princess would be transferred to P&O Cruises Australia to accommodate P&O's expansion plans in Oceania; however, amid

495-473: Is a nonlinear measure of a ship's overall internal volume. Gross tonnage is different from gross register tonnage . Neither gross tonnage nor gross register tonnage should be confused with measures of mass or weight such as deadweight tonnage or displacement . Gross tonnage, along with net tonnage , was defined by the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969 , adopted by

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540-408: Is based on two variables, and is ultimately an increasing one-to-one function of ship volume: The value of the multiplier K increases logarithmically with the ship's total volume (in cubic metres) and is applied as an amplification factor in determining the gross tonnage value. K is calculated with a formula which uses the common or base-10 logarithm : Once V and K are known, gross tonnage

585-489: Is calculated using the formula, whereby GT is a function of V: which by substitution is: Thus, gross tonnage exhibits linearithmic growth with volume, increasing faster at larger volumes. The units of gross tonnage, which involve both cubic metres and log-metres, have no physical significance, but were rather chosen for historical convenience. Since gross tonnage is a bijective function of ship volume, it has an inverse function , namely ship volume from gross tonnage, but

630-775: Is expected to join the Carnival fleet as ‘’Carnival Encounter’’ along side her sister ship, Pacific Adventure . In January 1998, the then-unnamed ship was ordered as part of a two-ship order made by Princess with Fincantieri , with each ship costing US$ 425 million. The two 109,000 GT Grand -class ships were scheduled to be delivered in 2001, and slotted to sail in the Caribbean from Port Everglades year-round. Later, in October 2000, Princess announced Star Princess would instead be deployed to Los Angeles for Mexican Riviera cruises following her delivery, with Alaska itineraries during

675-650: The COVID-19 pandemic and its subsequent impact on tourism , Carnival Corporation accelerated the transfer of the vessel and Star Princess joined P&O's fleet in 2020, one year earlier than planned. Following a renovation and a renaming to Pacific Encounter , she debuted in August 2022 upon P&O's staged resumption of operations. In June 2024, Carnival Corporation made the announcement, confirming that P&O would be integrated into its sister line, Carnival Cruise Line, in March 2025 and would cease to exist. Pacific Encounter

720-486: The International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1969, and came into force on 18 July 1982. These two measurements replaced gross register tonnage (GRT) and net register tonnage (NRT). Gross tonnage is calculated based on "the moulded volume of all enclosed spaces of the ship" and is used to determine things such as a ship's manning regulations, safety rules, registration fees, and port dues, whereas

765-676: The Mediterranean , the Suez Canal , the Indian Ocean, and a 26-day inaugural voyage across the Pacific Ocean. Star Princess' first homeport was Los Angeles and her maiden season featured itineraries to the Mexican Riviera, with her first cruise from Los Angeles, a 3-day cruise, held on 10 March 2002. She sailed to Alaska from Vancouver beginning summer 2003. In fall 2003, she became

810-577: The general emergency signal —seven short blasts followed by one long blast on the ship's whistle over the public address system, horn, and various alarms. Passengers evacuated their cabins into public areas through smoky hallways, grabbing their life jackets on the way. They assembled at their muster stations and were combined into groups for about seven hours. The evacuation was reportedly orderly, in contrast to deadlier fires such as those on Morro Castle , Yarmouth Castle and Scandinavian Star . Lifeboats were lowered but proved to be unnecessary, as

855-403: The 1,780 passenger cabins, 72% had a view outside, including 55% that included a balcony. The ship had a maximum capacity of 4,160 passengers and crew. On 23 March 2006, at approximately 3:00 am, while en route from Grand Cayman to Montego Bay, Jamaica , a fire broke out in the passenger compartments in the midship section on the port side of the ship. Shortly after, the captain sounded

900-457: The Baltic on 15 May. The ship set sail again on 13 May 2006, and resumed its regular service on 15 May from Copenhagen . Princess implemented new measures that aim to prevent a disaster of similar proportion, which include enhanced procedures for handling fires and clear communication during emergencies. Passengers reported that the only noticeable differences were a strong smell of new carpeting,

945-637: The German market and sailed 7-to-14-day Northern Europe cruises from Warnemünde in the summer and Mediterranean cruises the rest of the year. A'Rosa's bookings were slow to build up in its first year of operations, but gradually improved in 2003. However, later that year, in September, following the merger of P&O Princess and Carnival Corporation , it was announced that A'Rosa and all related assets aside from A'Rosa Blu were being sold to Arkona in an effort to optimize savings and fleet utilization by consolidating

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990-461: The P&;O fleet in late-2021, joining her sister ship, Golden Princess , which was set to join P&O in October 2020. It also announced in November 2019 that she would be renamed Pacific Encounter upon joining its fleet. However, amid the COVID-19 pandemic , Carnival Corporation accelerated the transfer of Star Princess from Princess to P&O in October 2020, thus cancelling all final voyages she

1035-456: The P&O fleet. Pacific Encounter will be rebranded into Carnival Encounter some time in 2025, following the closure of the P&;O Cruises Australia brand. The ship is expect to continue to sail from Australia and new features will be revealed at a later time. The ship is expected to receive Carnival branding, and technology upgrades in order to support Carnival's hub app. As Star Princess,

1080-518: The Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America, three passengers from Star Princess spotted a small boat drifting with waving seamen, apparently in distress, and notified the crew. However, Star Princess did not change course to investigate. On 19 March, the Ecuadorian coast guard rescued the Panamanian fishing boat Fifty Cent with one survivor on board. Subsequent communication between the survivor,

1125-468: The addition of sprinklers to all balconies and the replacement of plastic furniture with non-combustible alternatives. No interior decor was significantly modified to maintain consistency of the ship's interior design. On 28 May 2023, a similar fire occurred on Pacific Encounter's sister ship Pacific Adventure . Both ships belong to the Grand -class cruise ship category. On 10 March 2012, en route in

1170-475: The claim that Star Princess and Fifty Cent were never within sight of one another and thus, the accusations were the result of mistaken identity. As supporting evidence, the cruise line made public the results of a drift analysis and a photographic investigation they had commissioned. In April 2013, the Bermuda Department of Maritime Administration was reported to have closed their official inquiry into

1215-690: The company's focus towards investing in brands with the most potential. As Ocean Village Two , she was based in Crete in the summer and in Barbados in the winter. She departed on her final voyage on 22 October 2009 from Crete for Singapore . The ship began her two-week refit on 14 November 2009 at the Sembcorp Marine shipyard in Sembawang , Singapore. The ship sailed for Sydney on 1 December 2009, where her naming festivities were held on 12 December 2009, in which she

1260-716: The fire was contained and doused, and the ship headed into Montego Bay under her own power. The fire was allegedly caused by a cigarette left burning on a balcony, which had become hot enough to melt the balcony divides made from plastic polycarbonate , a material that had been approved by international cruise line safety rules. The fire caused scorching damage in up to 150 cabins, and smoke damage in at least 100 more on passenger decks 9 to 12 (Dolphin, Caribe, Baja and Aloha decks, respectively). A passenger, Richard Liffidge, 72, of Georgia , died from "asphyxia secondary to inhalation of smoke and irrespirable gases" and thirteen other passengers suffered significant smoke inhalation . While

1305-716: The first vessel of more than 100,000 GT to sail in Australian waters after she arrived in Sydney on 26 November 2003. She moved to Southeast Asia in the spring of 2004 before cruising the Mediterranean in the summer of 2004, the Caribbean that fall and winter, and the Baltic the following summer. She made her first trip to South America and Antarctica in January 2008. For winter 2019–2020, she

1350-513: The inverse cannot be expressed in terms of elementary functions . A root-finding algorithm may be used for obtaining an approximation to a ship's volume given its gross tonnage. The formula for exact conversion of gross tonnage to volume is: where ln {\displaystyle \ln } is the natural logarithm and W {\displaystyle W} is the Lambert W function . Star Princess (2001) Pacific Encounter

1395-577: The newly merged company's German operations. In September 2003, Carnival Corporation announced that with the sale of the A'Rosa brand, A'Rosa Blu would be transferred to AIDA Cruises. Before joining AIDA as AIDAblu , she experienced the following changes in a refit: a guest capacity increase to 2,014, a crew complement expansion to 621, a gross tonnage increase to 70,285  GT , and a deadweight tonnage increase to 5,758  DWT . On 4 August 2005, Carnival announced AIDAblu would be transferred to its U.K.-based brand, Ocean Village , in spring 2007. She

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1440-419: The older gross register tonnage is a measure of the volume of only certain enclosed spaces. The International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969 was adopted by IMO in 1969. The Convention mandated a transition from the former measurements of gross register tonnage (grt) and net register tonnage (nrt) to gross tonnage (GT) and net tonnage (NT). It was the first successful attempt to introduce

1485-410: The passengers' concerns to the bridge, and that the ship's log for that time on 10 March contained an entry recording that the ship had deviated to the west to avoid the fishing nets, and that the fishermen had "signaled their thanks" for avoiding their nets. By June 2012, two lawsuits had been filed against Princess on behalf of the fishermen of the Fifty Cent . In August 2012, Princess responded with

1530-482: The show to generate more than AU$ 1 million worth of brand exposure to the Australian audience. Later that year, in October and November, a fault had developed in the ship's propulsion system, forcing the cancellation of three cruises. On 22 August 2018, P&O Cruises Australia announced that Pacific Jewel would leave the fleet in March 2019 and be replaced by Star Princess , with the final voyage scheduled for 24 February 2019 from Melbourne. On 30 August 2018, it

1575-522: The summers. Star Princess would become the first then-dubbed "mega-ship" ever to be homeported in Los Angeles and also cruise from the West Coast on a full-time basis. Star Princess was launched on 10 May 2001 at Fincantieri's shipyard in Monfalcone, Italy . On 29 June 2001, a fire started in a galley on board when sparks from a welding torch ignited it. The fire spread into a dining room but damage

1620-495: The vessel measured 109,000  GT , had a length of 290.0 metres (951.4 ft), a draft of 8.05 metres (26.4 ft), and a beam of 36 metres (118 ft). She was powered by a diesel-electric genset system, with six Sulzer engines: four producing 11,520 kilowatts (15,450 hp) and two producing 8,640 kilowatts (11,590 hp). The system gave the vessel a maximum speed of 23 knots (43 km/h; 26 mph). The ship housed 1,299 passenger cabins and 627 crew cabins. Of

1665-458: Was christened by Quentin Bryce . On 27 August 2010, Australian soap opera Neighbours filmed scenes on board Pacific Jewel . Actors and crew took five hours to shoot on and around the vessel's running track and circus arena on the top deck. Select crew members were also given the chance to be extras in the scenes. Travel Blackboard reported that P&O expected Pacific Jewel ' s appearance on

1710-421: Was handed over to P&O Group to be operated by Princess Cruises on 29 June 1990, and sailed her maiden voyage on 8 July 1990. A second ship, named Regal Princess , was later built to the same design and delivered in 1991. Together, the two ships were ordered by Sitmar Cruises, and later transferred to P&O Princess Cruises after P&O acquired Sitmar Cruises . In July 2001, P&O Princess launched

1755-499: Was homeported in Los Angeles and sailed itineraries to the Mexican Riviera, Sea of Cortez , and Hawaii. In summer 2020, she was scheduled to homeport in San Francisco for Alaska voyages. However, following Princess' suspension of operations due to the COVID-19 pandemic , all summer 2020 voyages were cancelled. In August 2018, Princess' sister brand, P&O Cruises Australia , announced that Star Princess would be transferred to

1800-694: Was initially scheduled to homeport in Mumbai , operating cruises along the Indian coast, and in Dubai in summer 2019, before returning to Mumbai. Jalesh Cruises suspended all operations because of the COVID-19 pandemic . NKD Maritime bought her for US$ 11.65 million. Karnika was beached in Alang for scrap in November 2020. Scrapping of Karnika started on 9 March 2021. On 1 July 2021, scrapping also started from her stern. Gross tonnage Gross tonnage ( GT , G.T. or gt )

1845-479: Was not extensive and construction continued until completion on 25 January 2002. Star Princess was christened on 25 January 2002 at Fincantieri's Monfalcone shipyard by her godmother, Gunilla Antonini, wife of Fincantieri's executive chairman, Corrado Antonini. At the time of her delivery to Princess Cruises, Star Princess was too large to make a Panama Canal transit, so to arrive in Los Angeles, she embarked on an eastward voyage from Italy, taking her through

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1890-563: Was originally scheduled to sail for Princess through 2021. In January 2021, the ship entered the Sembcorp Marine Shipyard in Singapore for a dry dock to redesign the vessel and modify the design language of the interior to align her with those of her sister ships. The work included exterior repainting and rebranding, as well as new interior outfitting and maintenance. Modifications also included redesigned lounge areas and venues,

1935-451: Was provided to allow ships time to adjust economically, since tonnage is the basis for satisfying manning regulations and safety rules. Tonnage is also the basis for calculating registration fees and port dues. One of the convention's goals was to ensure that the new calculated tonnages "did not differ too greatly" from the traditional gross and net register tonnages. Both GT and NT are obtained by measuring ship's volume and then applying

1980-608: Was reported that Pacific Jewel had been sold to Zen Cruises, a subsidiary of Essel Group . On 12 March 2019, she was delivered to the newly-formed Jalesh Cruises before she received a six-week renovation to suit her Indian clientele. On 19 April 2019, Pacific Jewel was renamed Karnika at her naming ceremony held at the Princess Dock of the Mumbai Port Trust , where she was christened by Shreyasi Punit Goenka, daughter-in-law of Essel and Zee TV chairman, Subhash Chandra. Karnika

2025-461: Was transferred to Ocean Village in April 2007, and after a small refit in Bremerhaven, was christened as Ocean Village Two by sisters Jodie Kidd and Jemma Kidd . 18 months after Ocean Village Two began operating for Ocean Village, on 30 October 2008, Carnival announced it was phasing out the brand, with both ships scheduled to be transferred to P&O Cruises Australia by the end of 2010, citing

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