101-450: Osthe ( The Best ) is a 2011 Indian Tamil -language action comedy film directed by S. Dharani , a remake of the 2010 Bollywood film Dabangg . It stars Silambarasan , Richa Gangopadhyay , Sonu Sood , Jithan Ramesh , Santhanam , VTV Ganesh , Nassar and Revathi . Osthe tells the story of a fearless police officer, "Osthi" Velan (Silambarasan), and his troubled relationship with his stepfather and half-brother as he embarks on
202-497: A pooja at AVM Productions in Chennai on 10 May 2011, and filming began on 26 June in Mysore . Nearly all of the film was shot in and around Mysore in a single shooting schedule, which was finished by mid-August. Silambarasan began a fitness regime with workouts at the gym, unlike Salman Khan (who went on a special diet to lose his six-pack abs ). The film's final shooting schedule was
303-639: A Bihari family while her mother is from a Sindhi Hindu family. Her father served as a Member of Parliament of the Bharatiya Janata Party , before he switched to the Indian National Congress in 2019. Sinha is the youngest of three children – she has twin brothers, Luv Sinha and Kush Sinha. She studied at Arya Vidya Mandir and later graduated in the fashion design program at Premlila Vithaldas Polytechnic of Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women's University . Sinha worked briefly as
404-455: A Tamira Samghatta ( Tamil confederacy ) The Samavayanga Sutra dated to the 3rd century BCE contains a reference to a Tamil script named 'Damili'. Southworth suggests that the name comes from tam-miḻ > tam-iḻ "self-speak", or "our own speech". Kamil Zvelebil suggests an etymology of tam-iḻ , with tam meaning "self" or "one's self", and " -iḻ " having the connotation of "unfolding sound". Alternatively, he suggests
505-494: A civil ceremony under the Special Marriage Act . Sinha is a vegan . In an interview, Sinha stated that she prefers to stay with her parents, Shatrughan Sinha and Poonam Sinha even after buying her own house. When asked if she has any plans to move out of her parents' home, she was quick to add that staying alone is a very tough thing and she does not want to do that. However, Sinha finally moved out in 2023. Sinha
606-468: A lexical root to which one or more affixes are attached. Most Tamil affixes are suffixes . Tamil suffixes can be derivational suffixes, which either change the part of speech of the word or its meaning, or inflectional suffixes, which mark categories such as person , number , mood , tense , etc. There is no absolute limit on the length and extent of agglutination , which can lead to long words with many suffixes, which would require several words or
707-544: A "flying start at the box office". Tamil language Sri Lanka Singapore Malaysia Canada and United States Tamil ( தமிழ் , Tamiḻ , pronounced [t̪amiɻ] ) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia . It is one of the two longest-surviving classical languages in India , along with Sanskrit , attested since c. 300 BCE. The language belongs to
808-776: A "gifted actor" and noted, "Wry sense of humour, tinkling laughter and chilled-out persona are just a few of the many things right with her." Commenting on her performance in Lootera , Devesh Sharma of Filmfare noted, "She's done her share of arm candy roles and even in those she managed to strike her own niche. With Lootera, she gave an advance notice of her amazing capabilities as a performer." Sinha has appeared in Forbes India 's Celebrity 100 list. In 2012, she placed 41st with an estimated annual income of ₹ 107 million (US$ 1.3 million). In 2019, she placed 59th with an estimated annual income of ₹ 61.4 million (US$ 740,000). She
909-480: A , as with other Indic scripts . This inherent vowel is removed by adding a tittle called a puḷḷi , to the consonantal sign. For example, ன is ṉa (with the inherent a ) and ன் is ṉ (without a vowel). Many Indic scripts have a similar sign, generically called virama , but the Tamil script is somewhat different in that it nearly always uses a visible puḷḷi to indicate a 'dead consonant' (a consonant without
1010-740: A 2001 survey, there were 1,863 newspapers published in Tamil, of which 353 were dailies. Tamil is the primary language of the majority of the people residing in Tamil Nadu , Puducherry , (in India) and in the Northern and Eastern provinces of Sri Lanka . The language is spoken among small minority groups in other states of India which include Karnataka , Telangana , Andhra Pradesh , Kerala , Maharashtra , Gujarat , Delhi , Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India and in certain regions of Sri Lanka such as Colombo and
1111-570: A classical language by the Indian government and holds official status in Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and Singapore. The earliest extant Tamil literary works and their commentaries celebrate the Pandiyan Kings for the organization of long-termed Tamil Sangams , which researched, developed and made amendments in Tamil language. Even though the name of the language which was developed by these Tamil Sangams
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#17329013375471212-474: A commercial disaster at the box office and received overwhelmingly negative reviews. Her third film, Ashwni Dhir 's Son of Sardaar (opposite Ajay Devgn ) was poorly received by critics but proved to be an economic success. Saibal Chatterjee from NDTV noted that Sinha "endeavours to be pretty and dainty amid all the madness." Arbaaz Khan 's Dabangg 2 , the sequel to her immensely successful debut, garnered little praise from critics, though it proved to be
1313-493: A contract killer to eliminate Osthe Velan. Balan steals the money from Velan to marry Nirmala and gives it to her father, who accepts their marriage. Osthe Velan asks for Neduvalli's hand in marriage, but she declines, citing her need to care for her ailing father. Upon returning home, Osthe Velan discovers his mother's lifeless body. At her funeral, he urges his stepfather and brother to reconcile, but they refuse. A fight ensues between
1414-560: A costume designer, designing the costumes for films such as Mera Dil Leke Dekho in 2005. Sinha made her acting debut in 2010's Dabangg , starring opposite Salman Khan . This film went on to become the highest-grossing film of 2010 and ultimately emerged as an all-time blockbuster. Sinha had to lose 30 kg in preparation for her role as a village girl. Her performance was well received, with critic Taran Adarsh noting that "Sonakshi Sinha looks fresh, acts confidently and pairs off very well with Salman. Most importantly, she delivers
1515-409: A derivation of tamiḻ < tam-iḻ < * tav-iḻ < * tak-iḻ , meaning in origin "the proper process (of speaking)". However, this is deemed unlikely by Southworth due to the contemporary use of the compound 'centamiḻ', which means refined speech in the earliest literature. The Tamil Lexicon of University of Madras defines the word "Tamil" as "sweetness". S. V. Subramanian suggests
1616-546: A discernible vulnerability to Pakhi throughout the film, and Sinha brings out this fragility perfectly without ever overplaying it." She next appeared in Milan Luthria 's crime romance film Once Upon a Time in Mumbai Dobaara! in which she was paired with Akshay Kumar again, as well as Imran Khan . The movie was a commercial disappointment, and critic Mohar Basu labeled her "a chatterbox replete with idioticity which
1717-455: A dog or cat from a breeder or pet store, a homeless animal roaming the streets or waiting in an animal shelter loses a chance at a home and a good life." In 2022, PETA India named her their 2022 Person of the Year. She also promotes breaking the stereotypes of typical body size. Megha Mahindru of Vogue found Sinha to be "Barefaced, beautiful and brave". Nikita Sawant of Femina termed Sinha
1818-487: A low budget, grossed over 58.75 crore and was declared an average grosser. Though Sinha's character was labeled as an unformed agent, her performance received some acclaim. Bollywood Life reviewed that "Sonakshi Sinha is believable in action scenes she got and ably supports John." In 2017, she was seen in Sunhil Sippy's comedy film Noor , based on Saba Imtiaz 's novel Karachi, You're Killing Me! . She featured in
1919-499: A major financial success. Sinha also dubbed the voice role of Tooth in the Hindi version of Rise of the Guardians . Sinha's first film of 2013 was Vikramaditya Motwane 's period romantic drama Lootera , placing her opposite Ranveer Singh . Despite receiving a lukewarm response at the box office, the film received positive reviews, with Sinha's portrayal of Pakhi, a Bengali girl who
2020-463: A mission to take down a corrupt politician. Sonu Sood reprised his role from Dabangg . Produced by Balaji Real Media, Renny Johnson and distributed by Reliance Entertainment , the film was launched at AVM Studios in Chennai in May 2011; principal photography began in Mysore the following month. Its music was composed by Sai Thaman , with cinematography by Gopinath and editing by V. T. Vijayan . The film
2121-591: A number of apparent Tamil loanwords in Biblical Hebrew dating to before 500 BCE, the oldest attestation of the language. Old Tamil is the period of the Tamil language spanning the 3rd century BCE to the 8th century CE. The earliest records in Old Tamil are short inscriptions from 300 BCE to 700 CE. These inscriptions are written in a variant of the Brahmi script called Tamil-Brahmi . The earliest long text in Old Tamil
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#17329013375472222-512: A number of sound changes, in particular, a tendency to lower high vowels in initial and medial positions, and the disappearance of vowels between plosives and between a plosive and rhotic. Contact with European languages affected written and spoken Tamil. Changes in written Tamil include the use of European-style punctuation and the use of consonant clusters that were not permitted in Middle Tamil. The syntax of written Tamil has also changed, with
2323-515: A police officer. Her portrayal earned her the Filmfare OTT Award for Best Actress Critics – Drama Series . WION ' s Shomini Sen called her "brilliant" and added that she brings "certain maturity to her character". In 2024, she briefly appeared in the science-fiction action film Bade Miyan Chote Miyan alongside Akshay Kumar, Tiger Shroff and Prithviraj Sukumaran . It was theatrically released on Eid to negative reviews from critics and
2424-523: A relative parallel to Tamil, even as Tamil has undergone some changes in modern ways of speaking. According to Hindu legend, Tamil or in personification form Tamil Thāi (Mother Tamil) was created by Lord Shiva . Murugan , revered as the Tamil God, along with sage Agastya , brought it to the people. Tamil, like other Dravidian languages, ultimately descends from the Proto-Dravidian language , which
2525-679: A sentence in English. To give an example, the word pōkamuṭiyātavarkaḷukkāka (போகமுடியாதவர்களுக்காக) means "for the sake of those who cannot go" and consists of the following morphemes : போக pōka go முடி muṭi accomplish Sonakshi Sinha Sonakshi Sinha ( pronounced [soːnaːkʂi sɪnɦa] ; born 2 June 1987) is an Indian actress who works in Hindi films and series. The daughter of actors and politicians Poonam and Shatrughan Sinha , she has appeared in Forbes India 's Celebrity 100 list from 2012 to 2017, and in 2019. She
2626-620: A small number speak the language. In Reunion where the Tamil language was forbidden to be learnt and used in public space by France it is now being relearnt by students and adults. Tamil is also spoken by migrants from Sri Lanka and India in Canada , the United States , the United Arab Emirates , the United Kingdom , South Africa , and Australia . Tamil is the official language of
2727-600: A song filmed in Dubai. Mallika Sherawat shot the item number "Kalasala" in late September and the first week of October in Chennai. The soundtrack was initially planned to be released on 6 October 2011 (coinciding with Vijayadashami ), but the release ceremony was held on 28 October in Chennai. The event was attended by the film's cast and crew, and other celebrities. Vijay , who had worked with Dharani in Ghilli (2004) and Kuruvi (2008),
2828-409: A strong opening at the box office, collecting approx. ₹ 150.6 million (US$ 1.8 million) on the first day and eventually became a blockbuster. Despite this, Rajeev Masand criticized her ornamental role, writing that Sinha "seems to exist in this film only to have her midriff repeatedly pinched by Akshay Kumar." Her next film, Shirish Kunder 's Joker (also opposite Akshay Kumar) proved to be
2929-595: A subject of study in schools in the French overseas department of Réunion . In addition, with the creation in October 2004 of a legal status for classical languages by the Government of India and following a political campaign supported by several Tamil associations, Tamil became the first legally recognised Classical language of India. The recognition was announced by the contemporaneous President of India , Abdul Kalam , who
3030-482: A variety of item numbers . Sinha received critical acclaim for playing a troubled woman suffering from tuberculosis in the period drama Lootera (2013), for which she earned a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress . This success was followed by a series of commercially unsuccessful films, with the exception of Mission Mangal (2019). She has since gained critical praise for her starring roles in
3131-458: A variety of dialects that are all collectively known as Brahmin Tamil . These dialects tend to have softer consonants (with consonant deletion also common). These dialects also tend to have many Sanskrit loanwords. Tamil in Sri Lanka incorporates loan words from Portuguese , Dutch , and English. In addition to its dialects, Tamil exhibits different forms: a classical literary style modelled on
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3232-438: A vowel). In other Indic scripts, it is generally preferred to use a ligature or a half form to write a syllable or a cluster containing a dead consonant, although writing it with a visible virama is also possible. The Tamil script does not differentiate voiced and unvoiced plosives . Instead, plosives are articulated with voice depending on their position in a word, in accordance with the rules of Tamil phonology . In addition to
3333-412: Is Malayalam ; the two began diverging around the 9th century CE. Although many of the differences between Tamil and Malayalam demonstrate a pre-historic divergence of the western dialect, the process of separation into a distinct language, Malayalam, was not completed until sometime in the 13th or 14th century. Additionally Kannada is also relatively close to the Tamil language and shares the format of
3434-410: Is a self-professed animal lover, and she posed for a PETA campaign advocating the adoption and sterilization of dogs and cats. She has starred in a one-minute video PSA, urging viewers to adopt animals and have them sterilised. She has been quoted as saying: "Breeders, pet stores and people who don't sterilize their animals are responsible for all the animals who end up homeless. Every time someone buys
3535-457: Is based on the dialect of Jaffna . After Tamil Brahmi fell out of use, Tamil was written using a script called vaṭṭeḻuttu amongst others such as Grantha and Pallava . The current Tamil script consists of 12 vowels , 18 consonants and one special character, the āytam . The vowels and consonants combine to form 216 compound characters, giving a total of 247 characters (12 + 18 + 1 + (12 × 18)). All consonants have an inherent vowel
3636-527: Is dying of tuberculosis , receiving widespread acclaim from critics. Sarita Tanwar notes that "the star of the film is undoubtedly Sinha [who gives] a mature and refined performance. She lives the character body and soul." Raja Sen agrees, saying that "Sinha plays Pakhi beautifully, creating a character who is immaculately wide-eyed and possesses casual, yet unmistakable, grace. It is a performance that starts off dreamily soft and turns harder, and she does well-etched dialogue justice like few actresses can. There's
3737-563: Is extensively described in the oldest known grammar book for Tamil, the Tolkāppiyam . Modern Tamil writing is largely based on the 13th-century grammar Naṉṉūl which restated and clarified the rules of the Tolkāppiyam , with some modifications. Traditional Tamil grammar consists of five parts, namely eḻuttu , col , poruḷ , yāppu , aṇi . Of these, the last two are mostly applied in poetry. Tamil words consist of
3838-405: Is generally taken to have been completed by the 8th century, was characterised by a number of phonological and grammatical changes. In phonological terms, the most important shifts were the virtual disappearance of the aytam (ஃ), an old phoneme, the coalescence of the alveolar and dental nasals, and the transformation of the alveolar plosive into a rhotic . In grammar, the most important change
3939-409: Is generally used in formal writing and speech. For instance, it is the language of textbooks, of much of Tamil literature and of public speaking and debate. In recent times, however, koṭuntamiḻ has been making inroads into areas that have traditionally been considered the province of centamiḻ . Most contemporary cinema, theatre and popular entertainment on television and radio, for example,
4040-410: Is in koṭuntamiḻ , and many politicians use it to bring themselves closer to their audience. The increasing use of koṭuntamiḻ in modern times has led to the emergence of unofficial 'standard' spoken dialects. In India, the 'standard' koṭuntamiḻ , rather than on any one dialect, but has been significantly influenced by the dialects of Thanjavur and Madurai . In Sri Lanka, the standard
4141-501: Is mentioned as Tamil, the period when the name "Tamil" came to be applied to the language is unclear, as is the precise etymology of the name. The earliest attested use of the name is found in Tholkappiyam , which is dated as early as late 2nd century BCE. The Hathigumpha inscription , inscribed around a similar time period (150 BCE), by Kharavela , the Jain king of Kalinga , also refers to
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4242-771: Is not always consistently applied. ISO 15919 is an international standard for the transliteration of Tamil and other Indic scripts into Latin characters. It uses diacritics to map the much larger set of Brahmic consonants and vowels to Latin script , and thus the alphabets of various languages, including English. Apart from the usual numerals, Tamil has numerals for 10, 100 and 1000. Symbols for day, month, year, debit, credit, as above, rupee, and numeral are present as well. Tamil also uses several historical fractional signs. /f/ , /z/ , /ʂ/ and /ɕ/ are only found in loanwords and may be considered marginal phonemes, though they are traditionally not seen as fully phonemic. Tamil has two diphthongs : /aɪ̯/ ஐ and /aʊ̯/ ஔ ,
4343-409: Is the Tolkāppiyam , an early work on Tamil grammar and poetics, whose oldest layers could be as old as the late 2nd century BCE. Many literary works in Old Tamil have also survived. These include a corpus of 2,381 poems collectively known as Sangam literature . These poems are usually dated to between the 1st century BCE and 5th century CE. The evolution of Old Tamil into Middle Tamil , which
4444-546: Is the recipient of several accolades , including one Filmfare Award and two Zee Cine Awards . After working as a costume designer in independent films , she made her acting debut with the action film Dabangg in 2010, which won her the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut . Sinha rose to prominence by playing the leading lady in several male-dominated action films, including Rowdy Rathore (2012), Son of Sardaar (2012), Dabangg 2 (2012), and Holiday: A Soldier Is Never Off Duty (2014), in addition to appearing in
4545-822: Is used as one of the languages of education in Malaysia , along with English, Malay and Mandarin. A large community of Pakistani Tamils speakers exists in Karachi , Pakistan , which includes Tamil-speaking Hindus as well as Christians and Muslims – including some Tamil-speaking Muslim refugees from Sri Lanka. There are about 100 Tamil Hindu families in Madrasi Para colony in Karachi. They speak impeccable Tamil along with Urdu, Punjabi and Sindhi. Many in Réunion , Guyana , Fiji , Suriname , and Trinidad and Tobago have Tamil origins, but only
4646-418: Is wasting herself so". The film has a worldwide gross collection of est. ₹ 230 crores. In 2021, she starred as Sunderben Jetha alongside Ajay Devgn , Sanjay Dutt, Nora Fatehi and Sharad Kelkar in the war drama film Bhuj: The Pride of India . The film panned by critics, who criticized its writing, pace and unrealistic situations. Saibal Chatterjee from NDTV summarised the film. "busy gathering
4747-461: The Telugu film Mirapakaay (2011), and "Kalasala" resembles the song "Munni Badnaam Hui" from Dabangg . Although Shruti Haasan was rumoured to have sung "Kalasala", veteran singer L. R. Eswari provided the vocal. Elements of "Kalasala Kalasala" were sampled in " Don't Sell Out " by rapper Tinie Tempah . The film's satellite rights were secured by Sun TV for ₹ 4.50 crore (US$ 540,000). Osthe
4848-584: The University of Madras , was one of the earliest dictionaries published in Indian languages. A strong strain of linguistic purism emerged in the early 20th century, culminating in the Pure Tamil Movement which called for removal of all Sanskritic elements from Tamil. It received some support from Dravidian parties . This led to the replacement of a significant number of Sanskrit loanwords by Tamil equivalents, though many others remain. According to
4949-486: The 11th century, retain many features of the Vaishnava paribasai , a special form of Tamil developed in the 9th and 10th centuries that reflect Vaishnavite religious and spiritual values. Several castes have their own sociolects which most members of that caste traditionally used regardless of where they come from. It is often possible to identify a person's caste by their speech. For example, Tamil Brahmins tend to speak
5050-476: The Indian state of Haryana , purportedly as a rebuff to Punjab , though there was no attested Tamil-speaking population in the state, and was later replaced by Punjabi , in 2010. In Malaysia, 543 primary education government schools are available fully in Tamil as the medium of instruction . The establishment of Tamil-medium schools has been in process in Myanmar to provide education completely in Tamil language by
5151-469: The Indian state of Tamil Nadu and one of the 22 languages under schedule 8 of the constitution of India . It is one of the official languages of the union territories of Puducherry and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands . Tamil is also one of the official languages of Singapore . Tamil is one of the official and national languages of Sri Lanka, along with Sinhala . It was once given nominal official status in
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#17329013375475252-527: The Kattupakam Police Station while searching for Osthe Velan's house, leading to a chase between them and the police team. During the pursuit, Osthe Velan falls in love with Neduvalli, whose father is an alcoholic. Daniel tries to retrieve the money with the collector's support, but Osthe Velan refuses to return it and mocks him instead. Daniel confronts Osthe Velan at the check post, but Osthe Velan displays his attitude, irritating Daniel. Daniel hires
5353-673: The Tamils who settled there 200 years ago. Tamil language is available as a course in some local school boards and major universities in Canada and the month of January has been declared "Tamil Heritage Month" by the Parliament of Canada . Tamil enjoys a special status of protection under Article 6(b), Chapter 1 of the Constitution of South Africa and is taught as a subject in schools in KwaZulu-Natal province. Recently, it has been rolled out as
5454-442: The ancient language ( sankattamiḻ ), a modern literary and formal style ( centamiḻ ), and a modern colloquial form ( koṭuntamiḻ ). These styles shade into each other, forming a stylistic continuum. For example, it is possible to write centamiḻ with a vocabulary drawn from caṅkattamiḻ , or to use forms associated with one of the other variants while speaking koṭuntamiḻ . In modern times, centamiḻ
5555-461: The aphoristic dialogue." While, Sukanya Verma noted, "Bhansali gives Sonakshi's Fareedan a lot of heavy lifting to do and the lady does not disappoint." Later the year, she appeared alongside Riteish Deshmukh and Saqib Saleem in Kakuda , playing dual characters. She started dating Zaheer Iqbal in 2017. They starred together in the film Double XL in 2022. She married him on 23 June 2024 in
5656-912: The approximately 100,000 inscriptions found by the Archaeological Survey of India in India are in Tamil Nadu. Of them, most are in Tamil, with only about 5 percent in other languages. In 2004, a number of skeletons were found buried in earthenware urns dating from at least 696 BCE in Adichanallur . Some of these urns contained writing in Tamil Brahmi script, and some contained skeletons of Tamil origin. Between 2017 and 2018, 5,820 artifacts have been found in Keezhadi . These were sent to Beta Analytic in Miami , Florida , for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) dating. One sample containing Tamil-Brahmi inscriptions
5757-674: The box office and was one of the biggest flops of the year. Sonakshi released her debut single Aaj Mood Ishqholic Hai in collaboration with Meet Bros on 23 December 2015. The following year, Sinha starred in the remake of the 2011 Tamil film Mouna Guru , entitled Akira . The film was an action-drama from director AR Murugadoss in which she played an aggressive college student. It initially recovered 15.5 crore and went on to make over 33+ crore on box office, becoming an average grosser. Then she appeared in Abhinay Deo 's action-thriller Force 2 opposite John Abraham . The film, made on
5858-509: The ceremony, and marries her instead. Osthe Velan's father is now ashamed of him, but Osthe Velan confronts his father aggressively. Daniel requests the minister to suspend Osthe Velan, but the minister requires a valid reason. Balan assaults an employee at his father's factory, leading to an altercation with Osthe Velan. The people of Kattupakam demand Osthe Velan's suspension, prompting him to apologize to Balan. The minister informs Osthe Velan of his suspension, but Osthe Velan aligns himself with
5959-577: The contract killer's goons and Osthe Velan at the railway station, resulting in the contract killer's death. Osthe Velan deceives the Police Commissioner, claiming the contract killer was hiding to assassinate Daniel. Daniel devises a plan to make Osthe Velan his personal bodyguard, but it fails. Osthe Velan asks Neduvalli's father to allow him to marry her, and he agrees, sacrificing himself since his daughter wouldn't accept while he's alive. Osthe Velan then takes Neduvalli to Balan's wedding, interrupts
6060-936: The dialect of Madurai , and iṅkaṭe in some northern dialects. Even now, in the Coimbatore area, it is common to hear " akkaṭṭa " meaning "that place". Although Tamil dialects do not differ significantly in their vocabulary, there are a few exceptions. The dialects spoken in Sri Lanka retain many words and grammatical forms that are not in everyday use in India, and use many other words slightly differently. Tamil dialects include Central Tamil dialect , Kongu Tamil , Madras Bashai , Madurai Tamil , Nellai Tamil , Kumari Tamil in India ; Batticaloa Tamil dialect , Jaffna Tamil dialect , Negombo Tamil dialect in Sri Lanka; and Malaysian Tamil in Malaysia. Sankethi dialect in Karnataka has been heavily influenced by Kannada . The dialect of
6161-515: The director frames as naiveness." Sinha then appeared in Tigmanshu Dhulia 's Bullett Raja opposite Saif Ali Khan , which was a box office flop. Her final release of the year was Prabhu Deva's R... Rajkumar opposite Shahid Kapoor . Despite its moderate commercial success, the film and her performance received negative reviews. Taran Adarsh labeled her "repetitive" and noted that she needed to "reinvent herself." In 2014, after providing
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#17329013375476262-634: The district of Palakkad in Kerala has many Malayalam loanwords, has been influenced by Malayalam's syntax, and has a distinctive Malayalam accent. Similarly, Tamil spoken in Kanyakumari District has more unique words and phonetic style than Tamil spoken at other parts of Tamil Nadu. The words and phonetics are so different that a person from Kanyakumari district is easily identifiable by their spoken Tamil. Hebbar and Mandyam dialects, spoken by groups of Tamil Vaishnavites who migrated to Karnataka in
6363-410: The female-oriented comedy film Happy Phirr Bhag Jayegi along with Diana Penty . The film was released on 24 August 2018. As with her previous release, Happy Phirr Bhag Jayegi was a commercial disappointment. Afterwards, she made a special appearance in a song of Yamla Pagla Deewana Phir Se . In 2019, she performed in a song ''Mungda'' in the comedy film Total Dhamaal . She next starred in
6464-596: The film and overacts in places. For an actor who has already proved her mettle in the acting department, this definitely is a downer." Sinha appeared in a music video with Yo Yo Honey Singh titled Superstar . In July, Sinha jointly bought a team in the World Kabaddi League . Her second release of 2014 was Prabhu Deva's Action Jackson , with Ajay Devgn and Yami Gautam . She made her Tamil cinema debut opposite Rajinikanth in KS Ravikumar 's Lingaa , which
6565-457: The film was particularly criticized, with Rajeev Masand of News 18 saying that "Not very funny, unfortunately, is Sonakshi Sinha, who comes off exaggerated and out-of-step even in a film of such ridiculously low standards. She spends the bulk of her time on screen contorting her face like Jim Carrey , but with none of the same results." The film was also a box office bomb, earning only Rs. 75 lakh on its first day. The same year, Sinha appeared in
6666-466: The formal ancient Tamil language. While there are some variations from the Tamil language, Kannada still preserves a lot from its roots. As part of the southern family of Indian languages and situated relatively close to the northern parts of India, Kannada also shares some Sanskrit words, similar to Malayalam. Many of the formerly used words in Tamil have been preserved with little change in Kannada. This shows
6767-403: The grim looks." Commercially, the film flopped. Her last film release in the year was Abhay Chopra's Ittefaq , a remake of the 1969 murder mystery Ittefaq , opposite Sidharth Malhotra , and Akshay Khanna . The film was a moderate box-office success. It was a commercial failure. In March 2017, Sinha announced that she was working on a new single. Despite speculation she might perform as
6868-699: The hill country . Tamil or dialects of it were used widely in the state of Kerala as the major language of administration, literature and common usage until the 12th century CE. Tamil was also used widely in inscriptions found in southern Andhra Pradesh districts of Chittoor and Nellore until the 12th century CE. Tamil was used for inscriptions from the 10th through 14th centuries in southern Karnataka districts such as Kolar , Mysore , Mandya and Bengaluru . There are currently sizeable Tamil-speaking populations descended from colonial-era migrants in Malaysia , Singapore , Philippines , Mauritius , South Africa , Indonesia, Thailand, Burma , and Vietnam . Tamil
6969-413: The hospital and pays for his operation. Daniel praises Balan but reveals that he murdered Osthe Velan's mother, takes Balan hostage, and engages in a chase with Osthe Velan. Osthe Velan rescues Balan and kills Daniel. Ultimately, Balan marries Nirmala. After considering Bollywood actresses Sonakshi Sinha and Sonam Kapoor , Bengali actress Richa Gangopadhyay (who had starred in a number of Telugu films)
7070-432: The introduction of new aspectual auxiliaries and more complex sentence structures, and with the emergence of a more rigid word order that resembles the syntactic argument structure of English. In 1578, Portuguese Christian missionaries published a Tamil prayer book in old Tamil script named Thambiran Vanakkam , thus making Tamil the first Indian language to be printed and published. The Tamil Lexicon , published by
7171-456: The latter of which is restricted to a few lexical items. Tamil employs agglutinative grammar, where suffixes are used to mark noun class , number , and case , verb tense and other grammatical categories. Tamil's standard metalinguistic terminology and scholarly vocabulary is itself Tamil, as opposed to the Sanskrit that is standard for most Indo-Aryan languages . Much of Tamil grammar
7272-414: The magic that made Dabangg work." According to an IndiaGlitz.com reviewer, " Osthe ends up as an entertainer." Behindwoods rated the film 2.5 out of five, calling it entertaining; Sify also called it a "time-pass entertainer." Rohit Ramachandran of Nowrunning.com rated the film two out of five, calling it "a snoozefest." Osthi earned ₹ 3 crore worldwide on its opening day, and was reported as having
7373-619: The meaning "sweet sound", from tam – "sweet" and il – "sound". Tamil belongs to the southern branch of the Dravidian languages , a family of around 26 languages native to the Indian subcontinent . It is also classified as being part of a Tamil language family that, alongside Tamil proper, includes the languages of about 35 ethno-linguistic groups such as the Irula and Yerukula languages (see SIL Ethnologue ). The closest major relative of Tamil
7474-559: The minister, leading to the revocation of the suspension order. Osthe Velan poisons Daniel's adulterated alcohol and raids the location where Daniel is present, confiscating the additional money. In retaliation, Daniel sets fire to Subbaiah Pillai's factory, resulting in a heart attack. Daniel recruits Balan as his henchman and plants a bomb in a fruit basket destined for the minister's house, framing Balan. Daniel instructs Balan to kill Osthe Velan, but Balan refuses, and Osthe Velan fakes his own death. The next day, Osthe Velan visits his father in
7575-467: The money, Velan, now a police officer named Osthe Velan, confronts them and seizes the funds. Velan still harbors hatred towards his stepfamily. Balan falls in love with Nirmala, but his father disapproves due to a loan he took to start an oil mill, which he can only repay if Balan marries a wealthy woman. Meanwhile, Boxer Daniel becomes enraged when he learns that the money has not been distributed and attempts to contact his goons. The goons mistakenly go to
7676-531: The old aspect and time markers. The Nannūl remains the standard normative grammar for modern literary Tamil, which therefore continues to be based on Middle Tamil of the 13th century rather than on Modern Tamil. Colloquial spoken Tamil, in contrast, shows a number of changes. The negative conjugation of verbs, for example, has fallen out of use in Modern Tamil – instead, negation is expressed either morphologically or syntactically. Modern spoken Tamil also shows
7777-631: The opening act for Canadian singer Justin Bieber 's Purpose World Tour concert at the DY Patil Stadium in Mumbai on 10 May, this performance did not occur. In 2018, she was seen in the comedy spoof film Welcome to New York , with an ensemble cast including Diljit Dosanjh and Karan Johar . The film was shot during the 2017 IIFA Awards, and was the first film to be based on an award show. It received overwhelming negative reviews and Sinha's appearance in
7878-431: The period romance film Kalank with an ensemble cast including Aditya Roy Kapur , Sanjay Dutt , Madhuri Dixit , Alia Bhatt and Varun Dhawan . The film failed to perform well commercially. In 2019, Sinha was cast in the drama film Mission Mangal , which featured an ensemble cast including Akshay Kumar, Vidya Balan and Taapsee Pannu . The project began filming in 2018, and was directed by Jagan Shakti. The film
7979-469: The right expressions and is not overpowered by the galaxy of stars in the cast." Although Sinha had no film releases in 2011, she won awards that year for her debut. This included the Filmfare Award and the IIFA Awards , among others. Sinha had four releases in 2012, the first being Prabhu Deva 's Rowdy Rathore , opposite Akshay Kumar . The film opened to mixed reviews from critics, although it had
8080-432: The same magic of the earlier version, the film a passable routine masala entertainer" and the film lacked the punch in original. A Deccan Chronicle reviewer gave the film three stars and said, " Osthe is worth watching once." Malathi Rangarajan of thehindu.com said, "If Dabangg could make it, Osthe should! And if Salman could do it, so can STR." Pavithra Srinivasan of Rediff rated the film two out of five: " Osthe lacks
8181-479: The scattered splinters of its insipid ideas made infinitely worse by resolutely ham-fisted treatment." After this, she portrayed a plus size women, in the comedy film Double XL which was released in November 2022 with negative reviews from critics. Shubhra Gupta for The Indian Express wrote "It is a massive opportunity wasted. Crashing pity." Sinha expanded to web in 2023, with Dahaad , where she played
8282-539: The southern branch of the Dravidian language family and shares close ties with Malayalam and Kannada . Despite external influences, Tamil has retained a sense of linguistic purism, especially in formal and literary contexts. Tamil was the lingua franca for early maritime traders, with inscriptions found in places like Sri Lanka , Thailand , and Egypt . The language has a well-documented history with literary works like Sangam literature , consisting of over 2,000 poems. Tamil script evolved from Tamil Brahmi, and later,
8383-465: The standard characters, six characters taken from the Grantha script , which was used in the Tamil region to write Sanskrit, are sometimes used to represent sounds not native to Tamil, that is, words adopted from Sanskrit, Prakrit , and other languages. The traditional system prescribed by classical grammars for writing loan-words, which involves respelling them in accordance with Tamil phonology, remains, but
8484-497: The thriller series Dahaad (2023) and the period drama series Heeramandi (2024). Aside from acting, Sinha has ventured into singing, beginning with a song in her film Tevar (2015). Her debut single, " Aaj Mood Ishqholic Hai " was released in 2015. She is married to actor Zaheer Iqbal . Sinha was born on 2 June 1987 in Patna , Bihar , to film actors Shatrughan Sinha and Poonam Sinha (née Chandiramani). Her father belongs to
8585-470: The titular role of Noor alongside Kanan Gill , Shibani Dandekar and Purab Kohli . Her performance received major acclaim, with one reviewer writing that "Sonakshi Sinha pulls off her character without appearing to try too hard." Hindustan Times wrote that "Sonakshi looks quite convincing with the grimaces, pouts, eye rolls, scowls and goofy grins – displaying an amusing dorkiness. Even when her character turns serious, Sonakshi displays her prowess and aces
8686-437: The vatteluttu script was used until the current script was standardized. The language has a distinct grammatical structure, with agglutinative morphology that allows for complex word formations. Tamil is predominantly spoken in Tamil Nadu , India, and the Northern and Eastern provinces of Sri Lanka . It has significant speaking populations in Malaysia , Singapore , and among diaspora communities . Tamil has been recognized as
8787-485: The voice of Jewel in the Hindi-dubbed Rio 2 , Sinha was seen in A.R. Murugadoss 's action thriller Holiday: A Soldier Is Never Off Duty , a remake of the director's Tamil film Thuppakki . Starring opposite Akshay Kumar, Sinha appeared as a boxer. It received mixed-to-positive reviews from critics and emerged as a box office hit. Jyoti Sharma Bawa said of Sinha's portrayal: "Sonakshi has nothing to do much in
8888-517: The word for "here"— iṅku in Centamil (the classic variety)—has evolved into iṅkū in the Kongu dialect of Coimbatore , inga in the dialects of Thanjavur and Palakkad , and iṅkai in some dialects of Sri Lanka . Old Tamil's iṅkaṇ (where kaṇ means place) is the source of iṅkane in the dialect of Tirunelveli , Old Tamil iṅkiṭṭu is the source of iṅkuṭṭu in
8989-478: Was a box office bomb . Monika Rawal Kukreja stated that she brings "nothing new to the table". Following this, Sinha played the dual characters of courtesan mother and daughter in Sanjay Leela Bhansali 's period drama Heeramandi . Nandini Ramnath of Scroll.in found her to be "in-form" and added, "Sinha is utterly comfortable with Fareedan’s dastardly scheming; plus, she has the diction to carry off
9090-526: Was a Tamilian himself, in a joint sitting of both houses of the Indian Parliament on 6 June 2004. The socio-linguistic situation of Tamil is characterised by diglossia : there are two separate registers varying by socioeconomic status , a high register and a low one. Tamil dialects are primarily differentiated from each other by the fact that they have undergone different phonological changes and sound shifts in evolving from Old Tamil. For example,
9191-604: Was a massive commercial success at the box-office, grossing over 200 crore on a budget of 30 crore, and receiving positive reviews from critics. Umesh Punwani commended sinha and opined, "She perform with essential ease". Her last 2019 release was the action comedy Dabangg 3 the third installment in the Dabangg film series where she reprised her role Rajjo Pandey. It received negative reviews from critics, who panned its screenplay. Anna M. M. Vetticad from Firstpost Wrote, "Sinha has little to do but pout and look pretty why she
9292-581: Was also inducted into the Bollywood Walk of Fame at Bandra Bandstand , where her hand print was preserved. In 2013 Sinha was included in Rediff.com ' s "Top 10 Bollywood performances" and "Change-Makers of Bollywood" list. In 2014, she ranked 5th in its "Top 10 Bollywood actresses" list. Sinha is an endorser for brands and products including Dabur , Chik Shampoo, Provogue and Gitanjali Jewellers . In 2022, she launched her own nail brand SOEZI. From
9393-464: Was cast as Osthe's love interest. Jithan Ramesh was cast as Balan, and Sonu Sood reprised his role in the original film. Reports that Madhu Shalini had been signed to play Balan's girlfriend were dismissed by Silambarasan, who said that Saranya Mohan was cast in the role. Producer-turned-actor VTV Ganesh , after collaborations with Silambarasan in Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa and Vaanam
9494-586: Was claimed to be dated to around 580 BCE. John Guy states that Tamil was the lingua franca for early maritime traders from India. Tamil language inscriptions written in Brahmi script have been discovered in Sri Lanka and on trade goods in Thailand and Egypt. In November 2007, an excavation at Quseir-al-Qadim revealed Egyptian pottery dating back to first century BCE with ancient Tamil Brahmi inscriptions. There are
9595-464: Was her final release of 2014. In 2015, she appeared in Boney Kapoor 's remake of Okkadu , titled Tevar , opposite Arjun Kapoor . In his review, Rajeev Masand wrote: "Sonakshi Sinha, playing another simpering damsel in another South remake, once again has nothing to do. She appears content showing up for a few dance numbers, and waiting around for a man to save her." Tevar underperformed at
9696-604: Was most likely spoken around the third millennium BCE, possibly in the region around the lower Godavari river basin. The material evidence suggests that the speakers of Proto-Dravidian were of the culture associated with the Neolithic complexes of South India, but it has also been related to the Harappan civilization . Scholars categorise the attested history of the language into three periods: Old Tamil (300 BCE–700 CE), Middle Tamil (700–1600) and Modern Tamil (1600–present). About of
9797-649: Was released on 8 December 2011, which coincided with Karthikai Deepam . The film, released on over 110 screens overseas, was the largest-ever overseas release in Silambarasan's career; the actor called it the "biggest action film that he has done so far". A Telugu -dubbed version was planned to be released in April 2015 but was cancelled due to plans of remaking this in Telugu. Osthe opened to mixed reviews. A New Indian Express reviewer said, "Unfortunately it's unable to recreate
9898-399: Was released worldwide on 8 December 2011 to mixed reviews from critics. It was a lukewarm box-office hit. The film begins with Velan, a young boy living with his mother, stepbrother Balan, and stepfather Subbaiah Pillai, whom he despises. Fifteen years later, Boxer Daniel, a politician, attempts to bribe the residents of 14 villages to win the by-election. When Daniel's goons try to distribute
9999-404: Was signed to play Nirmala's father (played by Mahesh Manjrekar in the original film). The production team took some time to finalise the actress for the film's item number . Nayantara , Shriya Saran , Zarine Khan , Katrina Kaif , Bipasha Basu , Deepika Padukone , Mallika Sherawat and Vidya Balan were reportedly considered, and Sherawat was eventually cast. The project was launched with
10100-451: Was the emergence of the present tense. The present tense evolved out of the verb kil ( கில் ), meaning "to be possible" or "to befall". In Old Tamil, this verb was used as an aspect marker to indicate that an action was micro-durative, non-sustained or non-lasting, usually in combination with a time marker such as ṉ ( ன் ). In Middle Tamil, this usage evolved into a present tense marker – kiṉṟa ( கின்ற ) – which combined
10201-400: Was the guest of honour and unveiled the film's soundtrack CD. The soundtrack album contains five songs, with lyrics by Vaali and Yugabharathi ; Silambarasan wrote the lyrics for "Pondaati". About the song, Silambarasan said that it revolves around a "husband's praise for his wife." "Pondaati" and "Neduvaali" (sung by Rahul Nambiar and Mahathi ) are reminiscent of Thaman's compositions for
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