Misplaced Pages

#911088

40-591: Orroroo may refer to: Orroroo, South Australia , a town and locality Orroroo Enterprise , a former newspaper in South Australia District Council of Orroroo , a former local government area in South Australia See also [ edit ] District Council of Orroroo Carrieton Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

80-550: A farm and take stock on a long journey to market. So the owner might entrust this stock to an agent—usually a drover —who will deliver the stock to market and bring back the proceeds. Drovers took their herds and flocks down traditional routes with organised sites for overnight shelter and fodder for men and for animals. The journey might last from a few days to months. The animals had to be driven carefully so they would be in good condition on arrival. There would have to be prior agreement for payment for stock lost; for animals born on

120-448: A few weeks to a few months. The herd moved during the day at a speed of 2–3 km per hour, and stopped at night to rest and graze. During the day, herding dogs ensured movement, made sure that the animals did not wander off, and at night they guarded the herd and the carts of the shepherd with their families from remaining predators, but mostly from hungry village dogs. The activity of sheepherders lost its exceptional importance for

160-505: A flock of 30,000 ewes in the early 1890s from Wellshot Station to Roma in Queensland , a distance of over 700 kilometres (435 mi), in search of grass for the stock. The sheep were all sheared in Roma and lambing started as relieving rains came to Wellshot. The flock was brought back with an additional 3,000 lambs. In 1900, a drover named Coleman departed from Clermont with 5,000 sheep;

200-677: A major economic activity in the American West , particularly between the years 1866-1895, when 10 million cattle were herded from Texas to railheads in Kansas for shipments to stockyards in Chicago and points east. Drives usually took place in Texas on the Goodnight-Loving Trail (1866), Potter-Bacon trail (1883), Western trail (1874), Chisholm Trail (1867) and Shawnee Trail (1840s). Due to

240-515: A result of this drought , they sold the Pekina Run for £30. Charlie Easther settled in Orroroo during 1864 and opened up an eating house that became a popular stopping point for the drovers and bullockies who travelled through the area. The town was surveyed in 1875, when Solly's Hut, a clay-pugged log structure, was constructed as the town's first house and is now used as a museum. In September 1875,

280-586: Is a gravity hill optical illusion . The town was connected by the Peterborough–Quorn railway line to Peterborough and Quorn in September 1881, and was served by a Class 1 station and a large Goods Shed. During 1962, concrete grain silos were built in the Yard. these provided the bulk of traffic until the railway was closed in 1987 Orroroo was the last attended station on the railway; staff were withdrawn and

320-618: Is a town in the Yorke and Mid North region of South Australia . At the 2016 census , the locality of Orroroo had a population of 610 while its urban centre had a population of 537. The Wilmington-Ucolta Road passes through here, intersecting with the RM Williams Way which leads to the Birdsville and Oodnadatta Tracks . The Peterborough–Quorn railway line extended from Peterborough to Orroroo also in 1881 and Quorn in 1882, connecting with

360-485: Is the practice of moving livestock herds over long distances by walking them " on the hoof ", sometimes several hundred kilometers. It was carried out by shepherds . The earliest written evidence about shepherds and their dogs dates back to the 14th century. Thousands of cattle were moved along the roads of Europe and Great Britain , and later sheep, goats, pigs and even geese and turkeys. The journey from pasture to market, slaughterhouse, or buyer could take anywhere from

400-577: The Isle of Skye (who had sailed from Scotland in the 1830s). The family moved to Clifford's Creek, Laggan, and the brothers had become expert bushmen. The cattle drive was undertaken after Donald MacDonald heard glowing reports of the Kimberley from Scots/Australian explorer Alexander Forrest in 1879. The MacDonalds and the McKenzies formed a joint venture to obtain leases in the Kimberley and to stock them by overlanding

440-535: The Kimberley in Western Australia in 1885 with 8,000 cattle, arriving with only half that number some two years and two months later, completing a drive of some 3,000 miles. Indeed, long cattle drives continued well into the latter half of the twentieth century. During long "dry stages" cattle required extra care. That sometimes meant droving in the night when the temperature would drop. The standard team of men employed to move 1,200 cattle consisted of seven men:

SECTION 10

#1732883832912

480-451: The Pekina reservoir. Water from here was supplied to over 50 dairy farms. Orroroo had its own flour mill, several bakeries, carriage manufacturer and a butter factory, which still stands. Orroroo is the service centre for a predominantly farming community with the main products being wheat, sheep, cattle, pigs and a kangaroo processor. A local curiosity is nearby, called "Magnetic Hill", which

520-579: The UK (such as South Wales, the Midlands, the Manchester region). In Australia droving was especially important during a drought in search of better feed and/or water or in search of a yard to work on the livestock. Some drovers covered very long distances, they explored the new country and were called "overlanders" . These men could be on the road for over two years. Patsy Durack , for instance, left Queensland for

560-523: The United States moved 20 million head of cattle from Texas to railheads in Kansas . In Australasia , long distance drives of sheep also took place. In these countries these drives covered great distances—800 miles (1,300 km) Texas to Kansas —with drovers on horseback, supported by wagons or packhorses. Drives continued until railways arrived. In some circumstances driving very large herds long distances remains economic. A weekly cattle market

600-661: The ability to interact with other dogs. Forcing the cattle to move in the right direction, the droving dogs treated them rather rudely, biting the cows, pushing the sheep hard with their bodies and biting them. The old droving breeds include, for example, the Bouvier of Flanders , the Rottweiler , the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog , in the UK – the Old English Sheepdog . One individual cannot both take care of animals on

640-571: The boss drover, four stockmen , a cook and a horse-tailer. Store cattle were moved in large stocks of up to 1500 animals. Fat bullocks bred for meat were moved in mobs of about 650 head. In medieval central Europe, annual cattle drives brought Hungarian Grey cattle across the Danube River to the beef markets of Western Europe. In the 16th century, the Swiss operated cattle drives over the St. Gotthard Pass to

680-469: The builders of Stonehenge in southwest England feasted in the Stone Age on pigs and cattle and other animals from as far as northeast Scotland, some 700 km away. Romans are said to have had drovers and their flocks following their armies to feed their soldiers. Cattle drives were an important feature of the settlement of both the western United States and of Australia . In 1866, cattle drives in

720-479: The cattle outright and drive them to London. It has been estimated that by the end of the 18th century around 100,000 cattle and 750,000 sheep arrived each year at London's Smithfield market from the surrounding countryside. Railways brought an end to most droving around the middle of the 19th century. Turkeys and geese for slaughter were also driven to London's market in droves of 300 to 1,000 birds. Drovers also took animals to other major industrial centres in

760-435: The cattle. The brothers were joined by their cousins Alexander and Donald MacKenzie, Peter Thomson, James McGeorge and Jasper Pickles. They set out with 670 cattle, 32 bullocks yoked to two wagons and 86 horses. All foodstuffs and equipment for the long journey were carried in the wagons. Drought conditions delayed progress and most of the original party, apart from Charlie and Willie MacDonald, withdrew long before Cooper's Creek

800-572: The celebrated Mr Birtwhistle had 20,000 head brought "on the hoof " from the northern Scotland to Great Close near Malham , a distance of over 300 miles (483 km). William James Browne owned Nilpena Station in the Flinders Ranges of South Australia in 1879. He contracted Alfred Giles to overland 12,000 sheep to his new properties Newcastle Waters and Delamere Stations in the Northern Territory . Of those, 8,000 sheep survived

840-513: The country was drought-stricken and he had been instructed to keep the mob alive. Coleman wandered 5,000 miles (8,000 km) through south-western Queensland finding feed as they went. When he eventually returned he brought back 9,000 sheep, had sold over 5,000, and killed nearly 1,000 for "personal use". In 1904, 20,000 head of cattle were removed from Wave Hill Station and overlanded to Killarney Station, near Narrabri in New South Wales ,

SECTION 20

#1732883832912

880-509: The delivery. Drovers' roads were much wider than those for ordinary traffic and without any form of paving. The droving routes which still exist in Wales avoided settlements in order to save front gardens and consequential expense. Droving stock to market—usually on foot and often with the aid of dogs—has a very long history. There has been droving since people in cities found it necessary to source food from distant supplies. Around 5,000 years ago

920-544: The economy only in the middle of the 19th century with the development of railway transport. Since the 1960s, the automobile transportation of livestock in special vans, which has become common, has finally replaced the commercial droving of herds. The profession of shepherd or drover is retained in some countries as a seasonal job for moving cattle and sheep to and from summer pastures. The dogs used for droving were quite large and high-legged, tireless, aggressive and extremely independent, they did not require special training and

960-458: The extensive treatment of cattle drives in fiction and film, the cowboy tending to a herd of cattle has become the worldwide iconic image of the American West. The 18th century English graziers of Craven Highlands, West Riding of Yorkshire , went as far as Scotland to purchase cattle stock, thence to be brought down the drove roads to their cattle-rearing district. In the summer of 1745,

1000-520: The hunt. Aboriginal origins, but the true meaning of the word is uncertain. The name was first used by an early pioneer who conducted a nearby coaching house which served travellers on the Burra-Blinman track. In 1844, the first Europeans to settle, John and James Chambers, took up the Pekina Run which covered 320 square miles. They did not receive any rain during the 17 months that they lived there. As

1040-514: The journey, for sales of produce created during the journey. Until provincial banking developed, a drover returning to base would be carrying substantial sums of money. Being in a position of great trust, the drover might carry to the market town money to be banked and important letters and take with them people not familiar with the road. Drovers might take the stock no more than a part of their journey because some stock might be sold at intervening markets to other drovers. The new drovers would finish

1080-513: The journey. On March 26, 1883, two Scottish/Australian families, the MacDonalds and the McKenzies, began a huge cattle drive from Clifford's Creek near Goulburn, New South Wales to the Kimberley, where they established "Fossil Downs" station. The journey of over 6,000 km lasted more than three years and involved Charles ('Charlie') MacDonald (1851–1903) and William Neil ('Willie') MacDonald (1860–1910), sons of Donald MacDonald from Broadford on

1120-511: The markets in Bellinzona and Lugano and into Lombardy in northern Italy. The drives had ended by 1700 when sedentary dairy farming proved more profitable. In the eighteenth century, up to 80,000 cattle were driven South from Scotland each year. From 1850, cattle trains were established from Aberdeen to London. Cattle drives involved cowboys on horseback moving herds of cattle long distances to market. Cattle drives were at one time

1160-442: The mid-sixteenth century, to be approved and licensed by the district court or quarter sessions there proving they were of good character, married, householders and over 30 years of age. Considerable expertise meant that flocks averaging 1,500 to 2,000 head of sheep travelled 20 to 25 days from Wales to London yet lost less than four per cent of their body weight. Obliged to trek much further than from Wales, Scottish drovers would buy

1200-539: The name comes from the Aboriginal name for a nearby creek, Oorooroo . Degenhardt resided in Orroroo from at least as early as 1880 (five years after Easther named the town), so it may be that he had first-hand knowledge of Easther's reasons for so naming the town. The Orroroo Country Fire Service (CFS) is the volunteer fire service of Orroroo. They are part of the Black Rock CFS Group. Droving Droving

1240-555: The new Central Australia Railway from Port Augusta . These railways have now been abandoned. Orroroo is situated near Goyder's Line , a line drawn up in 1865 by Surveyor General Goyder which he believed indicated the edge of the area suitable for agriculture. Prior to European settlement, Orroroo was the home of the Ngadjuri Aboriginal people whose domain was the area to the east of the Flinders Rangers. The name Orroroo

Orroroo - Misplaced Pages Continue

1280-528: The station operated as "unattended" from August 1981. Passenger services were discontinued during 1969, when the South Australian Railways withdrew the railcar service. Grain continued to be hauled by rail from Orroroo until 1987, when all rail services were withdrawn by Australian National . Steamtown , a railway preservation group based at Peterborough, operated passenger trains for tourists to Orroroo and Eurelia until 2002. The railway line

1320-465: The title Orroroo . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orroroo&oldid=880712816 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Orroroo, South Australia Orroroo

1360-480: The town was for some reason named in honour of this girl, but also noting that others have suggested the name derivates from an Aboriginal word meaning 'dust', 'drift', or 'a windy locality'. It is true that in the Advertiser of 9 January 1903, it is said that orroroo means wind in "the native language". In the Advertiser of 15 August 1908, a still further derivation is suggested by a Gustav Degenhardt, who claims

1400-537: The town was officially named by George Goyder following the suggestion made by Charlie Easther ( see § Origin of the name "Orroroo" , below ). The first land sales were made in May 1876. The town was granted its own local council, the District Council of Orroroo , in 1887 (taking effect in 1888), and the town's council offices were constructed in 1888. The District Council of Orroroo would survive until 1997, when it

1440-515: Was eventually removed in 2008. Orroroo is on the south–north RM Williams Way (route B80) connecting Clare to Hawker and the west–east route B56 connecting the Port Augusta to Broken Hill . "Orroroo" was officially named by a C.J. Easther, an early settler in the region. The Register of 16 November 1926 gives two still further alternatives, stating that Orroroo was the name of an Aboriginal girl who lived on nearby Pekina station, and that

1480-702: Was founded midway between North Wales and London in Newent , Gloucestershire in 1253. In an Ordinance for the cleansing of Smythfelde dated 1372 it was agreed by the "dealers and drovers" to pay a charge per head of horse, ox, cow, sheep or swine. Henry V brought about a lasting boom in droving in the early fifteenth century when he ordered as many cattle as possible be sent to the Cinque Ports to provision his armies in France . An act passed by Edward VI to safeguard his subject's herds and money required drovers, from

1520-627: Was merged to create the District Council of Orroroo Carrieton . On 24 August 1923, 230-volt electricity was connected to the town by Cr Martin Redden, Chairman of the District Council, in the presence of a large crowd. On 4 July 1962, the power house engines were shut down and the town was connected to the ETSA 240-volt grid. An early irrigation scheme was formed after damming the Pekina Creek and creating

1560-528: Was reached. Stock losses were replaced, only to be reduced again by the continued drought. Despite a grueling journey through crocodile- and mosquito-infested territory in the top end with frequent Aboriginal attacks, the cattle eventually arrived at the junction of the Margaret and Fitzroy Rivers in July 1886 and "Fossil Downs" station was established. It is the longest cattle drive in history. The Tibbett brothers drove

1600-458: Was thought to be a form of onomatopoeia in imitation of wind blowing through acacia trees. According to J. Gray, it actually meant 'early start', referring to the fact that the Ngadjuri, who usually camped at Pekina Creek, would move to camp at the Orroroo river the night before hunting for kangaroos, which would come up to the river at that point and thus allow them to make an early start at dawn for

#911088