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14-713: The town centre stretches along the steep banks of the Saale river at the confluence with the Orla , approximately 17 km (11 mi) south of Jena . With a population of about 1,100 it is one of the smallest towns in Thuringia. Orlamünde station is a stop on the Saal Railway line from Großheringen to Saalfeld . Frome here the Orla Railway runs along the Orla river to Pößneck . Located at

28-624: Is a town in the German federal state Thuringia , within the Thuringian Forest , to the southwest, and to Jena and Weimar to the north. The former capital of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt , the town is built along the River Saale inside a wide valley surrounded by woods. Rudolstadt was founded in 776 and has had municipal law since 1326. The town's landmark is the Castle Heidecksburg which

42-555: Is also planned connected from Leuna with the White Elster near Leipzig by an unfinished canal. The soil of the lower part of its valley is exceptionally fertile, and produces, amongst other crops, large quantities of sugar beet . Among its tributaries are the White Elster, Southern and Northern Regnitz and Orla on the right bank, and the Ilm , Unstrut, Salza , Wipper and Bode on

56-752: Is enthroned on a hill above the old town. The former municipality Remda-Teichel was merged into Rudolstadt in January 2019. Rudolstadt was once well known because of the Anchor Stone Blocks of the Toy Company Richter and porcelain factories, beginning with the establishment of the Volkstedt porcelain manufacture in 1762. There is archeological evidence of a hill fort on the Weinberg in Oberpreilipp from

70-750: The Proto-Indo-European root * séles 'marsh', akin to Welsh hêl, heledd 'river meadow', Cornish heyl 'estuary', Greek hélos 'marsh, meadow', Sanskrit sáras 'lake, pond', Sárasvati 'sacred river', Old Persian Harauvati ' Hārūt River ; Arachosia ', Avestan Haraxvatī , idem. It may also be related to the Indo-European root * sal , "salt". The Slavic name of the Saale, Solawa , still found in Sorbian texts, comes from Old High German sol , "salt", and awa , "water". The Saale originates on

84-717: The Saxon Saale ( German : Sächsische Saale pronounced [ˈzɛksɪʃə ˈzaːlə] ) and Thuringian Saale ( German : Thüringische Saale ), is a river in Germany and a left-bank tributary of the Elbe . It is not to be confused with the smaller Franconian Saale , a right-bank tributary of the Main , or the Saale in Lower Saxony , a tributary of the Leine . The name Saale comes from

98-797: The Neonazi and police-informant Tino Brandt (NPD) founded the Neonazi-Gang „Thüringer Heimatschutz“ (THS, Thuringian homeland protection) in Rudolstadt. The structure of 170 right-wing extremists was an SA-style street gang. The THS gave rise to the Nazi terrorist group National Socialist Underground (NSU), which murdered a total of ten people over a period of 10 years. Number of Inhabitants (from 1960 as of 31 December, unless otherwise indicated) : 1834 to 1960 1970 to 1997 1998 to 2005 2006 to 2013 since 2014 29 October 31 August Rudolstadt

112-513: The Saale reaches Rudolstadt . Here it receives the waters of the Schwarza , in whose valley lies the ruined castle of Schwarzburg , the ancestral seat of the formerly ruling House of Schwarzburg . From Saalfeld, the Saale enters the limestone hill region north of the Thuringian Forest, and sweeps beneath the hills enclosing the university town of Jena . It enters Saxony-Anhalt and passes

126-615: The dynasty became extinct in 1112 and their possessions were inherited by the Saxon House of Ascania . The St Mary's parish church was erected west of Orlamünde Castle in the 11th century . A Williamite monastery is documented from 1331. When the Ascanian counts of Weimar-Orlamünde became extinct in 1372, their estates fell to the House of Wettin . Saale The Saale ( German pronunciation: [ˈzaːlə] ), also known as

140-519: The eastern rim of the early medieval Duchy of Thuringia , Orlamünde was the site of a fortress at the border with lands of the Polabian Slavs and the Sorbian March . The settlement itself was first mentioned in a 1039 deed. The estates were acquired by Count Otto of Weimar about 1062, who also ruled as Margrave of Meissen . He and his descendants went on to rule as Counts of Weimar-Orlamünde until

154-2037: The left. Its upper course is rapid. Its valley, down to Merseburg, contains many castles which crown the enclosing heights. Originating in Zell , the Saale flows through – Sparneck – Weißdorf – Seulbitz – Förbau – Schwarzenbach an der Saale – Fattigau – Oberkotzau – Hof – Brunnenthal – Saalenstein – Joditz – Landesgrenze Bayern/Thüringen – Hirschberg – Sparnberg – Rudolphstein – Blankenberg – Blankenstein – Harra – Saaldorf – Saalburg – Poeritzsch – Gräfenwarth – Burgk – Walsburg – Ziegenrück – Neidenberga – Hohenwarte – Eichicht – Kaulsdorf – Fischersdorf – Weischwitz – Reschwitz – Breternitz – Saalfeld – Schwarza – Volkstedt – Rudolstadt – Catharinau – Kolkwitz – Weißen – Uhlstädt – Rückersdorf – Zeutsch – Niederkrossen – Orlamünde – Freienorla – Großeutersdorf – Kleineutersdorf – Kahla – Großpürschütz – Jägersdorf – Rothenstein – Maua – Lobeda – Jena – Zwätzen – Porstendorf – Dornburg – Dorndorf-Steudnitz – Wichmar – Camburg – Tümpling – Großheringen – Kleinheringen – Landesgrenze Thüringen/Sachsen-Anhalt – Stendorf – Saaleck – Bad Kösen – Naumburg – Schellsitz - Schönburg – Eulau – Goseck – Leißling – Lobitzsch – Uichteritz – Markweben – Weißenfels – Dehlitz – Schkortleben – Kleinkorbetha – Großkorbetha – Oebles-Schlechtewitz – Wengelsdorf – Bad Dürrenberg – Kröllwitz – Leuna – Trebnitz – Merseburg – Meuschau – Freiimfelde – Schkopau – Korbetha – Hohenweiden – Rockendorf – Holleben – Halle – Kröllwitz – Lettin – Brachwitz – Schiepzig – Salzmünde – Pfützthal – Döblitz – Zaschwitz – Wettin – Kloschwitz – Rumpin – Dobis – Friedeburg – Zickeritz – Rothenburg – Nelben – Gnölbzig – Trebnitz – Alsleben – Poplitz – Großwirschleben – Plötzkau – Gröna – Neuborna – Bernburg – Dröbel – Nienburg – Wedlitz – Damaschkeplan – Wispitz – Calbe (Saale) – Trabitz – Groß Rosenburg – Werkleitz Left: Right: Rudolstadt Rudolstadt

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168-595: The slope of the Großer Waldstein mountain near Zell in the Fichtel Mountains in Upper Franconia ( Bavaria ), at an elevation of 728 metres (2,388 ft). It pursues a winding course in a northern direction, and after passing the manufacturing town of Hof , enters Thuringia . It flows amid well-wooded low mountains of the Thuringian Forest until it reaches the valley of Saalfeld . After leaving Saalfeld

182-465: The spa of Bad Kösen and, after receiving the deep and navigable Unstrut at Naumburg , flows past Weißenfels , Merseburg , Halle , Bernburg and Calbe . It finally joins the Elbe just above Barby , after traversing a distance of 413 kilometres (257 mi) —shortened 14 kilometres (9 mi) by a bypass from its natural length of 427 kilometres (265 mi). The Saale is navigable from Naumburg and

196-515: The time of the late Urnfield culture and the early Iron Age . A Celtic settlement followed the Germanic one and the affiliation with the Duchy of Thuringia . From the 6th century onwards, archeological records suggest Slavic settlement in the area. The first documented mention of the place-name was in 776 as Rudolfestat (Rudolf's settlement) as a gift from Charlemagne to Hersfeld Abbey In 1994

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