26-577: Originale (Originals, or "Real Characters"), musical theatre with Kontakte , is a music theatre work by the German composer Karlheinz Stockhausen , written in collaboration with the artist Mary Bauermeister . It was first performed in 1961 in Cologne , and is given the work number 12⅔ in Stockhausen's catalogue of works. Originale was commissioned from Stockhausen and Bauermeister by Hubertus Durek, manager of
52-448: A "cultural imperialist" because of some reportedly disparaging remarks about jazz and folk music he was supposed to have made at Harvard in 1958. Some of the protesters seen before the event were actually performers involved in the piece, including poet Allen Ginsberg who, enlisting the support of Schleifer, extorted his way into the picket line against Flynt's wishes. Claims by Moorman and Stage Director Allan Kaprow that they also joined
78-437: A pianist, a percussionist, a sound technician, a stage director, a cameraman, a lighting technician, an action composer, an action painter, a poet, a street singer, a coat checker, a newspaper vendor, a fashion model, a child (playing with blocks), an animal handler with animal, a conductor, and five actors reading a collage of unrelated texts. According to the musicologist Karl Heinrich Wörner [ de ] , " Originale
104-460: A single control", thereby realizing a longstanding goal of total serialism . On the other hand, " Kontakte is arguably the last of Stockhausen's tape pieces in which serial proportions intervene decisively at anything but the broad formal level". The most famous moment, at the very center of the work, is a potent illustration of these connections: a high, bright, slowly wavering pitch descends in several waves, becoming louder as it gradually acquires
130-458: A snarling timbre, and finally passes below the point where it can be heard any longer as a pitch. As it crosses this threshold, it becomes evident that the sound consists of a succession of pulses , which continue to slow until they become a steady beat. With increasing reverberation , the individual pulses become transformed into tones once again. Stockhausen also made advances over his previous electronic composition, Gesang der Jünglinge , in
156-454: A specified number of seconds or minutes, and at one point the actors even speak in what Stockhausen calls "formant rhythms": in a span of four minutes one actor speaks three equally spaced words, a second actor has five equally spaced words, a third has eight, and yet another has thirteen, while a fifth provides a "noise band" of completely irregular rhythms. Kontakte Kontakte ( German: [kɔnˈtaktə] , 'contacts')
182-510: A violent coughing attack and had to be assisted out to the street. Needless to say, Brown disappeared during the interruption and in subsequent performances was replaced by the Japanese artist Ay-O , who was living at that time in New York. Thrilled press reviews reported that the protest and sabotage were actually part of the performance, a publicity stunt staged by Stockhausen himself.) Brown disputed
208-603: Is a musical composition. The macrorhythm of scene continuity and the ordering of moments are musical. The individual scenes are composed musically, regardless of whether or not there is any 'music' in them. The verbal counterpoint is musical, as are the 'monodic' word melodies and the polyphony of speaking voices". Originale is constructed in 18 scenes, grouped into seven self-sufficient "structures", which may be performed in any order, either successively or with as many as three structures simultaneously, on three separated stages. Each character's actions are specified to take place within
234-559: Is an electronic music work by Karlheinz Stockhausen , realized in 1958–60 at the Westdeutscher Rundfunk (WDR) electronic-music studio in Cologne with the assistance of Gottfried Michael Koenig . The score is Nr. 12 in the composer's catalogue of works, and is dedicated to Otto Tomek [ de ] . The title of the work "refers both to contacts between instrumental and electronic sound groups and to contacts between self-sufficient, strongly characterized moments . In
260-762: Is that the technology must: Listing here is not a prediction that the technology will become widely adopted, only a recognition of significant potential to become widely adopted or highly useful if ongoing work continues, is successful, and the work is not overtaken by other technologies. ( T-RAM , CBRAM , SONOS , RRAM , racetrack memory , NRAM , phase-change memory , FJG RAM , millipede memory , Skyrmion , programmable metallization cell , ferroelectric RAM , magnetoresistive RAM , nvSRAM ) ( SMR , HAMR , BPM , MAMR , TDMR , CPP/GMR , PMR , hard disk drive ) General: Ethics: Apple’s first set of AI features on iOS 18 will run natively on iPhone: Report indianexpress.com April 16, 2024 Archived from
286-520: Is woven throughout the work, providing a central unifying element to this often disjointed work. In addition to Kontakte , the Cologne performances included tape-recorded excerpts from Stockhausen's Carré for four orchestras and choirs, Gesang der Jünglinge , Gruppen for three orchestras, and Zyklus for a percussionist. An unusual assortment of "characters" are introduced in Originale , including
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#1732869875790312-623: The Theater am Dom in Cologne, and his stage director, Carlheinz Caspari, who wanted "ein Stück, in dem Schauspieler, Maler, andere Künstler oder eben einfach »originale« Menschen frei in spontanen Aktionen auftreten sollten" ("a piece in which actors, painters, other artists, or just simply 'genuine characters' would appear freely in spontaneous actions"). It was created while the pair were visiting Finland in August 1961. Stockhausen had been invited to lecture at
338-556: The 50th anniversary of the 1964 New York performance was produced in 2014 at The Kitchen by composer/performers Nick Hallett and Zach Layton. In 2015 the Berlin State Opera produced a new version of Originale staged by Georg Schütky. It featured a mainly Berlin-based cast (e.g., Irm Hermann , Gerhard Rühm , Thomas Goerge, Max Renne, Vincent Stefan). The performances took place in the Werkstatt im Schillertheater which allowed
364-511: The Summer University of Jyväskylä where, at a presentation of Kontakte , they met the piano virtuoso and Sibelius biographer Erik Tawaststjerna . Together with the Finnish architect and designer Alvar Aalto , a summer house north of Helsinki on Lake Saimaa was put at their disposal, and the score of Originale was completely worked out there in just two weeks. The "silence" scene, in which
390-503: The accounts that he was an intentional saboteur or that any rift developed between him and his friend Kaprow. Brown's only interest was to create as outrageous a spectacle as possible and embody the persona of the "Artist." His own documentation left no evidence of being involved in any way with Maciunas. The May 1990 performance produced and directed by Randall Packer in San Francisco was presented by Zakros InterArts at Theater Artaud. It
416-424: The case of four-channel loudspeaker reproduction , it also refers to contacts between various forms of spatial movement". The composition exists in two forms: (1) for electronic sounds alone, designated "Nr. 12" in the composer's catalog of works, and (2) for electronic sounds, piano , and percussion , designated "Nr. 12½. A further, theatrical work, Originale (Nr. 12⅔), composed in 1961, incorporates all of
442-425: The events on stage and the music stop for just one minute, and then everything resumes again, was inspired by the "unearthly" effect of the northerly summer light, which remained in the sky for just two hours or so during which the sun briefly dipped below the horizon, then rose again, "as the birds began to twitter, the fish stirred again, the wind came up, and there was day". Performances of Originale subsequent to
468-443: The loosely structured improvisational framework of the early Happenings . The score to Originale is groundbreaking for its incorporation of performance events and other assorted "actions" into a musical organization with precise "timepoints" or temporal markings, typical of Stockhausen's musical scores. Within the 94 minute duration of Originale is a performance of Stockhausen's Kontakte for piano, percussion, and electronics, that
494-477: The pickets have been disputed. Meanwhile, Maciunas had recruited cast member Robert Delford Brown as a saboteur. Brown, performing the part of the Painter, came costumed as a huge papier-mache penis and, some way into the performance, lit a stink bomb on stage. This forced an evacuation of the hall and an unscheduled intermission to clear the air. Edgard Varèse , who had been seated near the front as guest of honor, had
520-480: The realisation of Stockhausen's principle of an inverted arena situation, with the actio in the centre, and the audience around it. The surreal absurdity of Originale recalls Samuel Beckett , Alain Robbe-Grillet 's books and film L'année dernière à Marienbad , and, in its use of the commonplace, Harold Pinter . It combines the rigorous, tightly controlled compositional form of Stockhausen's serial music with
546-473: The realm of spatial composition, adding the parameters of spatial location, group type, register, and speed. Kontakte is composed in four channels, with loudspeakers placed at the corners of a square surrounding the audience. With the aid of a "rotation table", consisting of a rotatable loudspeaker surrounded by four microphones , he was able to send sounds through and around the auditorium with unprecedented variety. There are several published editions of
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#1732869875790572-620: The score, in part because of the two versions of the piece, and in part because of the transfer of copyright from Universal Edition to the Stockhausen-Verlag in the mid 1990s. Universal Edition refers to both versions of the work as No. 12, whereas the Stockhausen-Verlag distinguishes the electroacoustic version as No. 12½. List of emerging technologies#Entertainment This is a list of emerging technologies , which are in-development technical innovations that have significant potential in their applications. The criteria for this list
598-508: The second annual New York Annual Avant Garde Festival , during the early performative period of the avant-garde movement Fluxus . Outside the concert hall on the opening night, 8 September 1964, several New York artists calling themselves Action Against Cultural Imperialism, including Fluxus founder George Maciunas , Concept Art creator Henry Flynt , poet, journalist, and activist Marc Schleifer , violinist and filmmaker Tony Conrad , and actor/poet Alan Marlowe protested against Stockhausen as
624-484: The second version of Kontakte . The score is divided into sixteen sections with many subsections, numbered I A–F, II, III, IV A–F, V A–F, VI, VII A–F,VIII A–F, IX A–F, X, XI A–F, XII A 1 BA 2 , XIII A, A b , A d , A e , A f B–F, XIV, XV A–F, and XVI A–E [and F]. According to the composer, "In the preparatory work for my composition Kontakte , I found, for the first time, ways to bring all properties [i.e., timbre , pitch , intensity , and duration ] under
650-694: The twelve first performances in Cologne between 26 October and 6 November 1962 have been rare. Productions took place in New York in September 1964, organized jointly by Mary Bauermeister and Charlotte Moorman , in 1990 in San Francisco directed and organized by Randall Packer, and on 21 January 2007 in connection with a 2006–2007 exhibition of Mary Bauermeister's tetralogy Fama Fluxus — Mythos Beuys — Legende Paik — Atelier Mary Bauermeister in Sindelfingen . The New York performances took place at Judson Hall, 165 West 57th Street , across from Carnegie Hall , as part of
676-463: Was the first West Coast performance of Originale and was the first time it had been performed since the 1964 New York City performances. The production draw from recent technological advancements to introduce digital techniques of sound manipulation and live video, replacing the analog media of the 1960s, to disrupt the linear flow of the work and to enhance its qualities of fragmentation and deconstruction of everyday events. A performance celebrating
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