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57-410: Today, the original floater is made in seven different sizes and fourteen different colors. It can be found in many anglers' tackle boxes , and is the best-selling lure Rapala makes, and possibly best-selling in the world. The lure, when retrieved, swims with an action that mimics that of a wounded baitfish . It was designed this way by Lauri Rapala, because of his observations as a boy and young man of

114-405: A fishing lure on a line is drawn through the water. Snagging is a technique where the object is to hook the fish in the body. A sinker or plummet is a weight used when angling to force the lure or bait to sink more rapidly or to increase the distance that it may be cast. The ordinary plain sinker is traditionally made of lead . It can be practically any shape, and is often shaped round like

171-443: A swivel might be used to join the lines and reduce the bait/lure spinning due to the inherent line twisting from a fixed-spool reel. A typical modern angling setup can include the following line sections: Leonard Mascall , in his book from 1596 titled "A Booke of fishing with Hooke and Line, and of all other instruments thereunto belonging". followed in many ways after Dame Juliana Berners, has an excerpt establishing silk worms in

228-530: A combination of metal alloys coated with plastic. Stainless-steel line leaders provide: Titanium fishing leaders are actually titanium–nickel alloys that have several very important features: Copper , monel and lead -core fishing lines are used as heavy trolling main lines, usually followed with fluorocarbon line near the lure or bait with fishing swivel between the lines. Due to their high density, these fishing lines sink rapidly in water and require less line for achieving desired trolling depth. On

285-405: A combination of the two materials. Fluorocarbon fishing line is made of the fluoropolymer PVDF and it is valued for its refractive index , which is similar to that of water, making it less visible to fish. Fluorocarbon is also a denser material, and therefore, is not nearly as buoyant as monofilament. Anglers often utilize fluorocarbon when they need their baits to stay closer to the bottom without

342-547: A fish swims inside through this opening, it cannot get out, as the chicken wire opening bends back into its original narrowness. In earlier times, traps were constructed of wood and fibre. A fish stringer is a line of rope or chain along which an angler can string fish that have been caught so they can be immersed and kept alive in water. Fly fishing tackle is equipment used by, and often specialised for use by fly anglers . Fly fishing tackle includes fly lines designed for easy casting, specialised fly reels designed to hold

399-410: A fishing line that gets cast out along with the bait are referred to as terminal tackle . Terminal tackle can include hooks, leaders, floats, sinkers/feeders, swivels and attached snaps and/or split rings . Sometimes the term " rig " is used for a specific assemblage of terminal tackle. Fishing tackle can be contrasted with fishing technique . Fishing tackle refers to the physical equipment that

456-463: A fishing rod, though some specialized reels are mounted on crossbows or to boat gunwales or transoms . The earliest known illustration of a fishing reel is from Chinese paintings and records beginning about 1195 A.D. Fishing reels first appeared in England around 1650 A.D., and by the 1760s, London tackle shops were advertising multiplying or gear-retrieved reels. Paris, Kentucky , native George Snyder

513-577: A fly line and supply drag if required for landing heavy or fast fish, specialised fly rods designed to cast fly lines and artificial flies, terminal tackle including artificial flies , and other accessories including fly boxes used to store and carry artificial flies. Fishing tackle boxes have for many years been an essential part of the anglers equipment. Fishing tackle boxes were originally made of wood or wicker and eventually some metal fishing tackle boxes were manufactured. The first plastic fishing tackle boxes were manufactured by Plano in response to

570-419: A given fishing environment include breaking strength , diameter, castability, buoyancy, stretch, color, knot strength, UV resistance, limpness, abrasion resistance, and visibility. Fishing with a hook and line is called angling . In addition to the use of the hook and line used to catch a fish, a heavy fish may be landed by using a landing net or a hooked pole called a gaff . Trolling is a technique in which

627-399: A hook-and-line setup is called angling . Fish are caught when one are drawn by the bait / lure dressed on the hook into swallowing it in whole , causing in the hook (usually barbed ) piercing the soft tissues and anchoring into the mouthparts , gullet or gill , resulting in the fish becoming firmly tethered to the line. Another more primitive method is to use a straight gorge , which

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684-445: A hoop, and maybe on the end of a long stiff handle. They have been known since antiquity and may be used for sweeping up fish near the water surface like muskellunge and northern pike . When such a net is used by an angler to help land a fish it is known as a landing net . In the UK, hand-netting is the only legal way of catching glass eels and has been practised for thousands of years on

741-520: A method of catching large open-water species such as tuna and marlin (which are instinctively drawn to schoolers), and can also be used when angling in freshwater as a way to catch salmon , northern pike , muskellunge and walleye . The technique allows anglers to cover a large body of water in a short time without having to cast and retrieve lures constantly. Longline fishing and trotlining are commercial fishing technique that uses many secondary lines with baited hooks hanging perpendicularly from

798-410: A permanent or semi-permanent structure placed in a river or tidal area and pot-traps that are baited to attract prey and periodically lifted. They might have the form of a fishing weir or a lobster trap . A typical trap can have a frame of thick steel wire in the shape of a heart , with chicken wire stretched around it. The mesh wraps around the frame and then tapers into the inside of the trap. When

855-491: A pipe-stem, with a swelling in the middle. However, the use of smaller lead based fishing sinkers has now been banned in the UK, Canada and some states in the US, since lead can cause toxic lead poisoning if ingested. There are loops of brass wire on either end of the sinker to attach the line. Weights can range from a quarter of an ounce for trout fishing up to a couple of pounds or more for sea bass and menhaden. The swivel sinker

912-456: A reel. Instead the line is just tied directly to the tip of the pole, or is tied to some sort of elastic mechanism at the tip. Poles can be up to 18 m in length and are made of optional sections which can be slotted together by the angler. A fishing reel is a device used for the deployment and retrieval of a fishing line using a spool mounted on an axle . Fishing reels are traditionally used in angling. They are most often used in conjunction with

969-816: A relatively thin thread. Between 177 and 180 the Greek author Oppian wrote the Halieutica , a didactic poem about fishing. He described various means of fishing including the use of nets cast from boats, scoop nets held open by a hoop, and various traps "which work while their masters sleep". Ancient fishing nets used threads made from leaves, plant stalk and cocoon silk. They could be rough in design and material but some designs were amazingly close to designs we use today (Parker 2002). Modern nets are usually made of artificial polyamides like nylon , although nets of organic polyamides such as wool or silk thread were common until recently and are still used. Hand nets are held open by

1026-406: A secondary line at the butt section, called backing. Fly line backing is usually composed of braided dacron or gelspun monofilaments. All fly lines are equipped with a leader of monofilament or fluorocarbon fishing line, usually (but not always) tapered in diameter, and referred to by the "X-size" (0X, 2X, 4X, etc.) of its final tip section, or tippet. Tippet size is usually between 0X and 8X, where 0X

1083-412: A single main line. Snagging is a fishing technique where a large, sharp grappling hook is used to pierce the fish externally in the body instead of inside the fish's mouth, and is therefore not the same as angling. Generally, a large open-gaped treble hook with a heavy sinker is cast into a river containing a large amount of fish (such as salmon ) and is quickly jerked and reeled in, which gives

1140-453: A soft plastic worm is the Texas rig . A bite indicator , also referred to as a strike indicator, is a mechanical or electronic device which indicates to an angler that something is happening at the hook end of the fishing line. There are many types of bite indicators—which work best depends on the type of fishing. Devices in wide use as bite indicators include fishing floats , which float in

1197-474: A stand-alone container which can be used to carry small tackle to a rod some distance from the main tackle box. Worldwide, the recreational fishing tackle industry is big business, worth over five billion US dollars annually in the United States alone. Notable brands include The Shakespeare Company , Orvis , Lindy Legendary Fishing Tackle and Simms Fishing Products . Fishing line A fishing line

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1254-463: A thick waterproof plastic sheath, often of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In the case of floating fly lines, the PVC sheath is usually embedded with many "microballoons", or air bubbles, and may also be impregnated with silicone or other lubricants to give buoyancy and reduce wear. In order to fill up the reel spool and ensure an adequate reserve in case of a run by a powerful fish, fly lines are usually attached to

1311-455: Is monofilament , made of a single strand. Fishermen often use monofilament because of its buoyant characteristics and its ability to stretch under load. The line stretch has advantages, such as damping the force when setting the hook and when fighting strong fish. On very far distances the damping may become a disadvantage. Recently, other alternatives to standard nylon monofilament lines have been introduced made of copolymers or fluorocarbon, or

1368-552: Is a small amount of bread, often moistened by saliva, balled up to a small size that is bite size to small fish. Many people prefer to fish solely with lures , which are artificial baits designed to entice fish to strike. The artificial bait angler uses a man-made lure that may or may not represent prey. The lure may require a specialised presentation to impart an enticing action as, for example, in fly fishing . Recently, electronic lures have been developed to attract fish. Anglers have also begun using plastic bait . A common way to fish

1425-911: Is any flexible, high-tensile cord used in angling to tether and pull in fish , in conjunction with at least one hook . Fishing lines are usually pulled by and stored in a reel , but can also be retrieved by hand , with a fixed attachment to the end of a rod , or via a motorized trolling outrigger . Fishing lines generally resemble a long, ultra-thin rope , with important attributes including length, thickness, material and build. Other factors relevant to certain fishing practice include breaking strength , knot strength, UV resistance, castability, limpness, stretch, memory, abrasion resistance and visibility. Traditional fishing lines are made of silk , while most modern lines are made from synthetic polymers such as nylon , polyethylene or polyvinylidene fluoride ("fluorocarbon") and may come in monofilament or braided ( multifilament ) forms. Fishing with

1482-404: Is buried longitudinally in the bait such that it would be swallowed end first, and the tension along the line would fix it cross-wise in the fish's stomach or gullet and so the capture would be assured. Once the fish is hooked, the line can then pull it towards the angler and eventually fetch it out of the water (known as "landing" the fish). Heavier fish can be difficult to retrieve by only dragging

1539-523: Is generally given credit for inventing the first fishing reel in America around 1820, a bait casting design that quickly became popular with American anglers. The natural bait angler usually uses a common prey species of the fish as an attractant. The natural bait used may be alive or dead. Common natural baits include bait fish , worms , leeches , minnows , frogs , salamanders , shrimp , nightcrawlers and other insects . Natural baits are effective due to

1596-413: Is similar to the plain one, except that instead of loops, there are swivels on each end to attach the line. This is a decided improvement, as it prevents the line from twisting and tangling. In trolling, swivel sinkers are indispensable. The slide sinker, for bottom fishing, is a leaden tube which allows the line to slip through it, when the fish bites. This is an excellent arrangement, as the angler can feel

1653-522: Is superior to any other bait. Studies show that natural baits like croaker and shrimp are more recognized by the fish and are more readily accepted. A good bait for red drum is menhaden . Because of the risk of transmitting whirling disease , trout and salmon should not be used as bait. Processed baits, such as groundbait and boilies , can work well with coarse fish , such as carp . For example, in lakes in southern climates such as Florida , fish such as bream will take bread bait. Bread bait

1710-404: Is the equipment used by anglers when fishing . Almost any equipment or gear used in fishing can be called fishing tackle, examples being hooks , lines , baits / lures , rods , reels , floats , sinkers / feeders , nets , spears , gaffs and traps , as well as wires, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners, clevises and tools that make it easy to tie knots. Tackle attached to the end of

1767-403: Is the least visible type, and braided fishing line , also known as 'superlines' because of their small diameter, minimal amount of stretch, and great strength relative to standard nylon monofilament lines. Important parameters of a fishing line are its breaking strength and its diameter (thicker, sturdier lines are more visible to fish). Factors that may determine what line an angler chooses for

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1824-531: Is the thickest diameter, and 8X is the thinnest. There are exceptions to this, and tippet sizes do exist outside of the 0X–8X parameter. Tenkara lines are special lines used for the fixed-line fishing method of tenkara. Traditionally these are furled lines the same length as the tenkara rod. Although original to Japan, these lines are similar to the British tradition of furled leader . They consist of several strands being twisted together in decreasing numbers toward

1881-456: Is used when fishing, whereas fishing technique refers to the manner in which the tackle is used. The term tackle , with the meaning "apparatus for fishing", has origins in the Netherlands from the late 14th century. Fishing tackle is also called fishing gear . However the term fishing gear is more usually used in the context of commercial fishing , whereas fishing tackle is more often used in

1938-514: The River Parrett and River Severn . Cast nets are small round nets with weights on the edges which is thrown by the fisher. Sizes vary up to about four metres in diameter. The net is thrown by hand in such a manner that it spreads out on the water and sinks. Fish are caught as the net is hauled back in. Fishing traps are culturally almost universal and seem to have been independently invented many times. There are essentially two types of trap,

1995-484: The area of England at that time: ... "In May, take the stone flye or Caddis worme, and the bobbe worme vnder the Cowtorde: also ye may take the silke worme, and the baite that breedeth on a Fearne leafe." ... And another excerpt explaining compiling a silk leader-line for a catgut fly-line. "...whippe it so faire as yee shall see good, then next your hooke at the bought put throw your silke or haire in going round about

2052-579: The behaviors of minnows and fish in lakes near his home in Finland, where he noticed that in a school of minnows, an injured minnow swimming with an odd wobble made it the target of a larger fish looking for a meal. After seeing this, he crafted this lure, with the help of some of his friends, originally to help him catch more fish without having to constantly re bait the thousands of hooks he had used to catch pike and perch . But his lures, being quite good at catching fish compared to conventional methods of

2109-419: The body of the fish. Fish hooks have been employed for millennia by anglers to catch fresh and saltwater fish. Early hooks were made from the upper bills of eagles and from bones, shells, horns and thorns of plants (Parker 2002). In 2005, the fish hook was chosen by Forbes as one of the top twenty tools in the history of man. Fish hooks are normally attached to some form of line or lure device which connects

2166-548: The bottom of a floating dry fly. Spearfishing is an ancient method of fishing conducted with an ordinary spear or a specialised variant such as a harpoon , trident , arrow or eel spear. Harpoons are spears which have a barb at the end. Their use was widespread in palaeolithic times. Cosquer cave in Southern France contains cave art over 16,000 years old, including drawings of seals which appear to have been harpooned. Tridents are spears which have three prongs at

2223-495: The business end. They are also called leisters or gigs. They feature widely in early mythology and history. Modern spears can be used with a speargun . Some spearguns use slings (or rubber loops) to propel the spear. Polespears have a sling attached to the spear, Hawaiian slings have a sling separate from the spear, in the manner of an underwater bow and arrow. A bow or crossbow can be used with arrows in bowfishing . Fishing nets are meshes usually formed by knotting

2280-417: The caught fish to the angler. There is an enormous variety of fish hooks. Sizes, designs, shapes, and materials are all variable depending on the intended purpose of the hook. They are manufactured for a range of purposes from general fishing to extremely limited and specialized applications. Fish hooks are designed to hold various types of artificial, processed, dead or live baits ( bait fishing ); to act as

2337-438: The context of recreational fishing . This article covers equipment used by recreational anglers. Hook, line and sinker is a classic combination of tackle empowering an angler to catch fish. The use of the hook in angling is descended, historically, from what would today be called a "gorge". The word "gorge", in this context, comes from an archaic word meaning "throat". Gorges were used by ancient peoples to capture fish. A gorge

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2394-435: The foundation for artificial representations of fish prey ( fly fishing ); or to be attached to or integrated into other devices that represent fish prey ( lure fishing ). A fishing line is a cord used or made for fishing. The earliest fishing lines were made from leaves or plant stalk (Parker 2002). Later lines were constructed from horse hair or silk thread, with catgut leaders. From the 1850s, modern industrial machinery

2451-606: The hooke three times, then plucke first your silke or haire..." So back then there was silk and horse hair used for angling. As written in 1667 by Samuel Pepys , the fishing lines in his time were made from catgut . Later, silk fishing lines were used around 1724. Modern fishing lines intended for spinning, spin cast, or bait casting reels are almost entirely made from artificial substances, including nylon (typically 610 or 612), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, also called fluorocarbon), polyethylene , Dacron and UHMWPE (Honeywell's Spectra or Dyneema ). The most common type

2508-468: The lifelike texture, odour and colour of the bait presented. The common earthworm is a universal bait for fresh water angling. In the quest for quality worms, some fishers culture their own worm compost or practice worm charming . Grubs and maggots are also considered excellent bait when trout fishing. Grasshoppers , flies , bees and even ants are also used as bait for trout in their season, although many anglers believe that trout or salmon roe

2565-432: The line (as it might overwhelm and snap the line) and might need to be landed via additionally using a hand net (a.k.a. landing net) or a hooked pole called a gaff . Trolling is a technique where one or more lines, each with at least one hooked fishing lure at the end, is dragged through the water, which mimick schooling forage fish . Trolling from a moving boat is used in both big-game and commercial fishing as

2622-525: The need for a product that did not rust. Early plastic fishing tackle boxes were similar to tool boxes but soon evolved into the hip roof cantilever tackle boxes with numerous small trays for small tackle. These types of tackle boxes are still available today but they have the disadvantage that small tackle gets mixed up. Fishing tackle boxes have also been manufactured so the drawers themselves become small storage boxes, each with their own lids. This prevents small tackle from mixing, and can turn each drawer into

2679-414: The rod, the greater the mechanical advantage in casting. There are many different types of rods, such as fly rods , tenkara rods , spin and bait casting rods , spinning rods , ice rods , surf rods , sea rods and trolling rods . Fishing rods can be contrasted with fishing poles. The line on a fishing rod is controlled with a specialised reel which allows accurate casting. A fishing pole does not have

2736-463: The smallest bite, whereas in the other case the fish must first move the sinker before the angler feels him. A fishing rod is an additional tool used with the hook, line and sinker. A length of fishing line is attached to a long, flexible rod or pole: one end terminates with the hook for catching the fish. Early fishing rods are depicted on inscriptions in ancient Egypt , China , Greece and Rome . In Medieval England they were called angles (hence

2793-485: The snag hook a gaff-like "clawing" motion that can spear its sharp points past the scales and skin and deep into the body. Modern technologies such as underwater cameras are sometimes used to help improve the timing of snagging. Due to the mutilating nature of this technique (where the fish are typically too deeply injured to be released alive ), snagging is frequently deemed an unethical and illegal method, and some snagging practitioners have added procedures to disguise

2850-409: The snagging practice, such as adding baits or jerking the line using a fishing rod, to make it look like angling. Traditionally, only a single thread of line is used to connect the hook with the rod and reel. However, most modern angling setups use at least two sections of line (typically the mainline and the leader) joined with a bend knot (such as the famously named fisherman's knot ). Occasionally

2907-602: The term angling ). As they evolved they were made from materials such as split Tonkin bamboo, Calcutta reed, or ash wood, which were light, tough, and pliable. The butts were frequently made of maple. Handles and grips were made of cork, wood, or wrapped cane. Guides were simple wire loops. Modern rods are sophisticated casting tools fitted with line guides and a reel for line stowage. They are most commonly made of fibreglass , carbon fibre or, classically, bamboo . Fishing rods vary in action as well as length, and can be found in sizes between 24 inches and 20 feet. The longer

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2964-497: The time, made its way around the world, increasing in popularity, so that the whole Rapala family had to help with creating these lures. Lauri's sons learned to make the lures, and became so skilled that one of his sons, Ensio, won a national craftsmanship award for his lure. The same son also invented a machine to help mass production of this lure. This fishing -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Fishing tackle#Tackle boxes Fishing tackle

3021-445: The tip of the line, thus creating a taper that allows the line to cast the fly. It serves the same purpose as the fly-line, to propel a fly forward. They may be tied of various materials, but most commonly are made of monofilament. Wire lines are frequently used as leaders to prevent the fishing line from being severed by toothy fish. Usually braided from several metal strands, wire lines may be made of stainless steel , titanium , or

3078-421: The use of heavy sinkers. There are also braided fishing lines , cofilament and thermally fused lines, also known as "superlines" for their small diameter, lack of stretch, and great strength relative to standard nylon monofilament lines. Braided, thermally fused, and chemically fused varieties of " superlines " are now readily available. Fly lines consist of a tough braided or monofilament core, wrapped in

3135-411: The water and dart about if a fish bites, and quiver tips , which are mounted onto the tip of a fishing rod. Bite alarms are electronic devices which bleep when a fish tugs a fishing line. Floats and quiver tips are visual bite detectors, while bite alarms are audible bite detectors. In fly fishing a commonly used indicator is the "hopper dropper rig". With this technique a nymph or wet fly is hung from

3192-436: Was a long, thin piece of bone or stone attached by its midpoint to a thin line. The gorge would be fixed with a bait so that it would rest parallel to the lay of the line. When a fish swallowed the bait, a tug on the line caused the gorge to orient itself at right angles to the line, thereby sticking in the fish's gullet . A fish hook is a device for catching fish either by impaling them in the mouth or, more rarely, by snagging

3249-469: Was employed to fashion fishing lines in quantity. Most of these lines were made from linen or silk , and more rarely cotton . Modern lines are made from artificial substances, including nylon , polyethylene , dacron and dyneema . The most common type is monofilament made of a single strand. Anglers often use monofilament because of its buoyant characteristics and its ability to stretch under load. Recently alternatives such as fluorocarbon , which

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