81-573: Orange County Training School ( OCTS ) (1916–1948), later known as Lincoln High School (1948–1966), was a public elementary and high school that served African-American students in Chapel Hill , Orange County , North Carolina . It became a Rosenwald School starting in 1924, one of the 800 or more in the state. A plot of land at the intersection of West Franklin Street and Merritt Mill Road in Chapel Hill
162-630: A state capital . Its original boundaries were formed by the downtown streets of North, East, West and South. The plan, a grid with two main axes meeting at a central square and an additional square in each corner, was based on Thomas Holme 's 1682 plan for Philadelphia . The city was developed on the land of various plantations including Crabtree , Mordecai , Oak View , Pine Hall , Pullen , Spring Hill , and Wakefield . The North Carolina General Assembly first met in Raleigh in December 1794, and granted
243-570: A sufficiency-level world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network . The city of Raleigh is named after Sir Walter Raleigh , who established the now-lost Roanoke Colony in present-day Dare County . Raleigh is home to North Carolina State University (NC State or NCSU) and is part of the Research Triangle together with Durham (home of Duke University and North Carolina Central University ) and Chapel Hill (home of
324-551: A city manager. The Dorton Arena , a 7,610-seat multi-purpose arena designed by Matthew Nowicki , was opened in 1952 on the grounds of the North Carolina State Fair. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. Raleigh experienced significant damage from Hurricane Hazel in 1954. In 1953, WNAO-TV , channel 28, became the city's first television station, though it folded in 1957. With
405-467: A large increase in ridership, taking many cars off the roads. Several hybrid and articulated buses have been added recently. All buses carry GPS transmitters to report their location in real-time to a tracking web site. Buses can transport bicycles and have wheelchair lifts. In 1993, the town celebrated its bicentennial and founded the Chapel Hill Museum . This cultural community resource "exhibiting
486-410: A letter of surrender for Raleigh. Their intention was to protect Raleigh from the destruction inflicted on other cities by Union troops. Graham and Swain departed to meet the advancing Federal forces on the morning of April 12, 1865, and were to return by that evening. The evening struck, but Graham and Swain had not returned due to train delays and their temporary capture by Sherman. Governor Vance left
567-442: A major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town. The Occaneechi Indians lived in the area of what is now Hillsborough , north of Chapel Hill, prior to European settlement. The area was the home place of early settler William Barbee of Middlesex County, Virginia , whose 1753 grant of 585 acres on the north and south side of "Lick Branch" from John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville
648-572: A new county. On January 5, 1771, the bill creating Wake County was passed in the General Assembly. The county was formed from portions of Cumberland , Orange , and Johnston counties, and was named for Margaret Wake Tryon , the wife of Governor William Tryon . The first county seat was Bloomsbury . New Bern , a port town on the Neuse River 35 mi (56 km) from the Atlantic Ocean,
729-525: A popular carousel ride. Relocated to Pullen Park , the Pullen Park Carousel is still operating. From 1914 to 1917, an influenza epidemic killed 288 Raleighites. In 1922, WLAC signed on as the city's first radio station, but lasted only two years. WFBQ signed on in 1924 and became WPTF in 1927. It is now Raleigh's oldest continuous radio broadcaster. In 1923, the Raleigh Fall Festival
810-515: A private school for African-American children in lower grade levels (active from 1898 to 1912) located on Merritt Mill Road in Chapel Hill. After 1912, Hackney created Hack's High School (also known as Hackney's Educational and Industrial School) for African-American upper grade level children, located at 122 Merritt Mill Road. Because of inadequate funding, in 1916 the county purchased the Quaker freedmen's school and Hack's High School in order to create
891-567: A traditional-style mall with a mix of national and local retailers is located at University Place . Hailed as one of America's Foodiest Small Towns by Bon Appétit , Chapel Hill is rapidly becoming a hot spot for pop American cuisine. Among the restaurants noted nationally are Mama Dip's ( Food Network 's $ 40 A Day With Rachael Ray ), Sunrise Biscuit Kitchen ( The Splendid Table ), caffè Driade (Food Network's $ 40 A Day With Rachael Ray ), Lantern Restaurant ( Food & Wine , Southern Living , etc.), and Vimala's Curryblossom Cafe. In
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#1732873705040972-426: Is North Carolina's best-educated municipality, proportionately, with 77% of adult residents (25 and older) holding an associate degree or higher, and 73% of adults possessing a baccalaureate degree or higher. Chapel Hill uses a council–manager form of government. The community elects a mayor and eight council members. Mayors serve two-year terms, and council members serve staggered four-year terms, all elected by
1053-473: Is bounded on the west by the town of Carrboro and on the northeast by the city of Durham. However, most of Chapel Hill's borders are adjacent to unincorporated portions of Orange and Durham Counties rather than shared with another municipality. According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 21.75 square miles (56.3 km ), of which 21.60 square miles (55.9 km )
1134-554: Is land and 0.15 square miles (0.39 km ) (0.69%) is water. As of the 2020 census , there were 61,960 people, 20,369 households, and 10,552 families residing in the town. At the 2010 census , there were 57,233 people in 20,564 households residing in the town. The population density was 2,687 people per square mile (1,037 people/km ). The racial composition of the town was 72.8% White, 9.7% African American, 0.3% Native American, 11.9% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 2.7% some other race, and 2.7% of two or more races. About 6.4% of
1215-515: Is located within Wake County , with a small portion extending into Durham County . The towns of Apex , Cary , Clayton , Fuquay-Varina , Garner , Holly Springs , Knightdale , Morrisville , Rolesville , Wake Forest , Wendell , and Zebulon are some of Raleigh's primary nearby suburbs and satellite towns . Raleigh is an early example in the United States of a planned city . Following
1296-750: Is named after the town. The University of North Carolina has been very successful at college basketball and women's soccer , and a passion for these sports has been a distinctive feature of the town's culture, fueled by the Tobacco Road rivalry among North Carolina's four ACC teams: the North Carolina Tar Heels , the Duke Blue Devils , the NC State Wolfpack , and the Wake Forest Demon Deacons . The two largest sports venues in
1377-672: Is the flagship of the University of North Carolina System . The state's main youth orchestra, Piedmont Youth Orchestra , is based in Chapel Hill. Also located in the town is the Chapel Hill Public Library, directed by Atlas Logan. Though Chapel Hill is a principal town of a large metropolitan area, it retains a relatively small-town feel. Combined with its close neighbor, the Chapel Hill-Carrboro area has roughly 85,000 residents. Many large murals can be seen painted on
1458-712: The American Revolutionary War when the U.S. gained independence, the area was chosen as the site of the state capital in 1788 and incorporated in 1792 as such. The city was originally laid out in a grid pattern with the North Carolina State Capitol at the center, in Union Square. During the American Civil War , the city was spared from any significant battle. It fell to the Union in the closing days of
1539-504: The Battle of Morrisville nearby. Due to the economic and social problems of the postwar period and Reconstruction , with a state economy still heavily dependent on agriculture, the city grew little over the next several decades. Shaw University , the South's first African American college, began classes in 1865 and was chartered in 1875. Its Estey Hall was the first building constructed for
1620-637: The Carolina Hurricanes , becoming the city's first major league professional sports franchise. In 1999, the Raleigh Entertainment and Sports Arena (later renamed the RBC Center and now called Lenovo Center ), opened to provide a home for the Hurricanes and the NC State Wolfpack men's basketball team, as well as an up-to-date major concert venue. In the first decade of the 21st century, Raleigh
1701-574: The Olympic Flame passed through Raleigh while on its way to the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta . Also in 1996, Hurricane Fran struck the area, causing massive flooding and extensive structural damage. In addition, WRAL-TV became the first High-Definition broadcast station in the world. In 1997, the National Hockey League 's Hartford Whalers announced their intention to move to Raleigh as
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#17328737050401782-448: The U.S. Census Bureau , over the three-year period of 2005 through 2007, the median income for a household in the town was $ 51,690, and for a family was $ 91,049. Males had a median income of $ 50,258 versus $ 32,917 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 35,796. About 8.6% of families and 19.8% of the population were below the poverty line , including 8.6% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over. Chapel Hill
1863-700: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ). The name of the Research Triangle (often shortened to "The Triangle") originated after the 1959 creation of Research Triangle Park (RTP), located in Durham and Wake counties, among the three cities and universities. The Triangle encompasses the Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area , which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023. The Raleigh-Cary, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area had an estimated population of 1,509,231 in 2023. Most of Raleigh
1944-474: The disenfranchisement of most Black citizens and many poor White citizens. Loss of the ability to vote also disqualified Black men (and later women) from sitting on juries and serving in any office—local, state or federal. The rising Black middle-class in Raleigh and other areas was politically silenced and shut out of local governance, and the Republican Party was no longer competitive in the state. It
2025-489: The stock market crash resulted in six Raleigh banks closing. During the difficult 1930s of the Great Depression , government at all levels was integral to creating jobs. The city provided recreational and educational programs, and hired people for public works projects. In 1932, Raleigh Memorial Auditorium was dedicated. The North Carolina Symphony , founded the same year, performed in its new home. From 1934 to 1937,
2106-574: The 34-story RBC Bank Tower , multiple condominium projects and several new restaurants. Additional skyscrapers are in the proposal/planning phase. In 2006, the city's NHL franchise, the Carolina Hurricanes , won the Stanley Cup , North Carolina's first professional sports championship. The NC Courage would go on to win the National Women’s Soccer League (NWSL) in 2018 and 2019. With the opening of parts of I-540 from 2005 to 2007,
2187-516: The 88th-best high school in the nation, and the highest-ranked standard public high school in North Carolina. The small portion of Chapel Hill located in Durham County is part of Durham Public Schools . There are several private K-12 schools in Chapel Hill, including Emerson Waldorf School . Founded in 1789, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is a public research university and
2268-720: The Ayr Mountaineers, Hollow Rock String band, Watchhouse (formerly known as Mandolin Orange) , Steep Canyon Rangers , Mipso , the Tug Creek Ramblers, Two Dollar Pistols , the Fuzzy Mountain String band, Big Fat Gap and the Red Clay Ramblers . Chapel Hill was also the founding home of now Durham-based Merge Records . Bruce Springsteen has made a point to visit the town on four occasions. His most recent appearance
2349-489: The Cross , Gimghoul Neighborhood Historic District , Alexander Hogan Plantation , Old Chapel Hill Cemetery , Old East, University of North Carolina , Playmakers Theatre , Rocky Ridge Farm Historic District , and West Chapel Hill Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Chapel Hill is located in the southeast corner of Orange County , with a small part extending east into Durham County . It
2430-532: The Orange County Training School, located at the former Hackney School campus on Merritt Mill Road. The Orange County Training School, a training school , was established to educate African Americans, mostly as teachers. People would often use the school's acronym, OCTS, because they did not want to be known as a Black school or associated with a "training school". In the spring of 1920, more than 300 students were enrolled at this school. In 1922
2511-487: The Union during the American Civil War on May 20, 1861. After the war began, Governor Zebulon Baird Vance ordered the construction of breastworks around the city as protection from Union troops. Near the end of the Civil War, Governor Vance arranged his evacuation to avoid capture as Union General William Sherman's forces approached the city. Before leaving, Vance met with former governors Graham and Swain to draft
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2592-509: The blue represents the town and the University of North Carolina (whose colors are Carolina blue and white); the green represents "environmental awareness"; and the "townscape" in the inverted chevron represents "a sense of home, friends, and community." The town's seal, has, since the 1930s, depicted Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom and protector of cities. Having gone through several revisions,
2673-519: The building was renamed to Northside Elementary, after the school was moved to the new Lincoln High School campus built at 750 Merritt Mill Road. Principals of the school included Bruce Lee Bozeman (or Bosman) from 1919 until 1920; and Charles McDougle from 1946 until 1966. The Lincoln football team, known as the Mighty Tigers, compiled an undefeated state championship season in 1961, with the team said to have gone unscored on all season. Many members of
2754-503: The buildings. Most of these murals were painted by UNC alumnus Michael Brown. Also, for more than 30 years, Chapel Hill has sponsored the annual street fair , Festifall, in October. The fair offer booths to artists, craftsmakers, nonprofits, and food vendors. Performance space is also available for musicians, martial artists , and other groups. The fair is attended by tens of thousands each year. The Morehead Planetarium and Science Center
2835-620: The character and characters of Chapel Hill, North Carolina" includes among its permanent exhibits Alexander Julian , History of the Chapel Hill Fire Department , Chapel Hill's 1914 Fire Truck , The James Taylor Story , Farmer/James Pottery , and The Paul Green Legacy . In addition to the Carolina Inn, the Beta Theta Pi Fraternity House , Chapel Hill Historic District , Chapel Hill Town Hall , Chapel of
2916-422: The city a charter , with a board of seven appointed commissioners and an " Intendant of Police" (which developed as the office of Mayor ) to govern it. After 1803, city commissioners were elected. In 1799, the N.C. Minerva and Raleigh Advertiser was the first newspaper published in Raleigh. John Haywood was the first Intendant of Police. In 1808, Andrew Johnson , the United States' future 17th President,
2997-550: The city of Raleigh, and two in Nash County ) and 154 injuries. The damage path from the storm was measured at 84 mi (135 km) long, and .5 mi (0.8 km) wide at times. The tornado was rated F4 . In 1991, two large skyscrapers in Raleigh were completed, First Union Capitol Center and Two Hannover Square , along with the popular Coastal Credit Union Music Park at Walnut Creek in Southeast Raleigh. In 1996,
3078-430: The early-to-mid 20th century East Hargett Street was known as Raleigh's "Black Main Street" and hosted numerous Black-owned businesses. The area declined after the city desegregated its establishments. Another of Raleigh's oldest Black neighborhoods, Fourth Ward, was demolished starting in 1971, with about 600 homes and 60 businesses south of downtown gone as a result of urban renewal , and 1,600 people forced to move. It
3159-435: The evening after Graham and Sherman failed to return, leaving behind a letter giving Mayor William H. Harrison the authority to surrender. On the morning of April 13, Mayor Harrison among others went to the southern Wake County area to meet General Hugh Judson Kilpatrick and propose surrender. Kenneth Rayner, a long-time resident of Raleigh, delivered the proposal including a promise of no resistance. Kilpatrick agreed to accept
3240-486: The fastest-growing cities in the United States. Bath , the oldest town in North Carolina, was the first nominal capital of the colony from 1705 until 1722, when Edenton took over the role. The colony had no permanent institutions of government until the new capital, New Bern , was established in 1743. In December 1770, Joel Lane successfully petitioned the North Carolina General Assembly to create
3321-637: The federal Civilian Conservation Corps constructed the area now known as William B. Umstead State Park . In 1939, the State General Assembly chartered the Raleigh-Durham Aeronautical Authority to build a larger airport between Raleigh and Durham, with the first flight occurring in 1943. In 1947, Raleigh citizens adopted a council–manager form of government, which is still the city's current form of government. Council members are elected from single-member districts . They hire
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3402-522: The federal government constructed the Federal Building in Raleigh, the first federal government project in the Southern U.S. following the Civil War. In 1880, the newspapers News and Observer combined to form The News & Observer . It continues to be Raleigh's primary daily newspaper. The North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, now known as North Carolina State University ,
3483-719: The first Black mayor in a major White-majority city in the South. In 1976, the Raleigh City and Wake County schools merged to become the Wake County Public School System , now the largest school system in the state and 19th largest in the country. During the 1970s and 1980s, the I-440 beltline was constructed, in an attempt to ease traffic congestion and providing access to most major city roads. The first Raleigh Convention Center (replaced in 2008) and Fayetteville Street Mall were both opened in 1977. Fayetteville Street
3564-439: The first railroad in the state. Raleigh celebrated the completion of the new State Capitol and new Raleigh & Gaston Railroad Company in 1840. In 1853, the first State Fair was held near Raleigh. The first institution of higher learning in Raleigh, Peace College , was established in 1857. Raleigh's Historic Oakwood contains many houses from the 19th century that are still in good condition. North Carolina seceded from
3645-574: The football team were involved in civil rights activism, including several who were part of the Chapel Hill Nine . The school closed in 1966, in the process of desegregation, and it merged with White Chapel Hill High School to form the newly integrated Chapel Hill High School . The former campus at 750 South Merritt Mill Road is now the location of the Lincoln Center, the Lincoln School, and
3726-436: The higher education of Black women, and Leonard Medical Center was the first four-year medical school in the country for African Americans. In 1867, Episcopal clergy founded St. Augustine's College for the education of freedmen . The biracial Reconstruction legislature created new welfare institutions: in 1869, it approved the United States' first school for blind and deaf Black people, to be located in Raleigh. In 1874,
3807-410: The largest city of the Research Triangle metro area. Raleigh is known as the "City of Oaks" for its many oak trees, which line the streets in the heart of the city. The city covers a land area of 148.54 square miles (384.7 km ). The U.S. Census Bureau counted the city's population as 467,665 at the 2020 census . It is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States. It is ranked as
3888-436: The last in 1898. George Henry White sought to promote civil rights for Black citizens and to challenge efforts by White Democrats to reduce Black voting by new discriminatory laws. He and his allies were unsuccessful. Based on a White supremacy campaign that returned Democrats to dominance, in 1900 the state legislature passed a new constitution , with a suffrage amendment that raised barriers to voter registration, resulting in
3969-450: The municipal elections were altered so that the mayor was to be directly elected, instead of being selected by the city council. Most city council seats were then made responsible to districts, instead of being held at-large. The 1973 elections were the first contests affected by the reforms. City Councilman Clarence Lightner defeated Raleigh Merchants bureau Executive Director G. Wesley Williams to become Raleigh's first Black mayor, and thus
4050-415: The new building. Another African-American high school existed in Chapel Hill in the 1930s, called Hillsboro High School for Negros (later known as Central High School). By 1946, the school needed to expand space and requested six to eight more classrooms because they had added the 12th grade for the first time. It was renamed Lincoln High School in 1948, because parents were concerned about the name. In 1951,
4131-743: The opening of the Research Triangle Park in 1959, Raleigh began to experience a population increase, resulting in a total city population of 100,000 by 1960. In 1960, the Census Bureau reported Raleigh's population as 76.4% White and 23.4% Black. Following the passage of the federal Voting Rights Act of 1965 , one of the main achievements of the Civil Rights Movement and the Lyndon B. Johnson presidency, political participation and voting by African Americans in Raleigh increased rapidly. From
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#17328737050404212-410: The population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 20,564 households, 51.1% were families, 26.2% of all households had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.2% were headed by married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 48.9% were not families. About 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who
4293-477: The realm of popular music, James Taylor , George Hamilton IV , Southern Culture on the Skids , Superchunk , Polvo , Archers of Loaf , Ben Folds Five , The Kingsbury Manx , Spider Bags and more recently Porter Robinson , are among the most notable musical artists and acts whose careers began in Chapel Hill. The town has also been a center for the modern revival of old-time music and bluegrass with such bands as
4374-548: The school building experienced a fire, and by 1924 the school moved to another part of town. The Carey Jones School was one of many private, small schools that opened briefly in order to continue education for the African-American students until the new school campus was ready. The land for the new campus was donated by Henry Stroud at present-day 350 Caldwell Street in the Northside neighborhood. The Rosenwald Fund helped pay for
4455-627: The school district offices. In 2017 there were plans to expand the Lincoln Center campus. Chapel Hill, North Carolina Chapel Hill is a town in Orange and Durham County, North Carolina , United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 census , making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham-Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it's combined with Raleigh ,
4536-505: The seal, which also serves as the town logo, was most recently updated in 2005 to a visually simpler version. Chapel Hill-Carrboro City Schools covers most of the towns of Chapel Hill and Carrboro , along with portions of unincorporated Orange County, and is recognized for its academic strengths. East Chapel Hill High School , Carrboro High School , and Chapel Hill High School have all received national recognition for excellence, with Newsweek in 2008 ranking East Chapel Hill High as
4617-684: The service, and fees are collected through UNC Parking. The connecting services are fee-based, but subsidized for UNC students, staff, and faculty. Go Triangle provides connection to the rest of the Triangle ( Raleigh , Durham , and Hillsborough ), of which the Hillsborough service is operated by Chapel Hill Transit, and supplemented mid-day by a county shuttle. The Durham–Orange Light Rail line , which would have run between Chapel Hill and Durham, entered planning and engineering phases in August 2017. The project
4698-547: The state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh-Durham- Cary , NC Combined Statistical Area ), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023. The town was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street , covering 21.3 square miles (55 km ). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are
4779-429: The surrender and protect Raleigh from destruction. Kilpatrick's cavalry occupied Raleigh and removed the flagpole from the state capitol , replacing it with a United States Flag above the dome. Sherman arrived shortly after and established his headquarters in the governor's mansion . The city was spared significant destruction during the war. As Confederate cavalry retreated west, Union soldiers followed, leading to
4860-539: The town at large; town elections are held in November of odd-numbered years. Mayor Jessica Anderson , a former council member, succeeded four-term mayor Pam Hemminger in 2023. In 2015, Hemminger defeated incumbent Mark Kleinschmidt , who had been elected in 2009 as the first openly gay mayor of Chapel Hill, succeeding outgoing four-term mayor Kevin Foy . The town adopted its flag in 1990. According to flag designer Spring Davis,
4941-810: The town both house UNC teams. The Dean Smith Center is home to the men's basketball team, while Kenan Memorial Stadium is home to the football team. In addition, Chapel Hill is also home to Carmichael Arena which formerly housed the UNC men's basketball team, and currently is home to the women's team, and to the new Dorrance Field , home to men's and women's soccer and lacrosse teams. Many walking/biking trails are in Chapel Hill. Some of these include Battle Branch Trail, Morgan Creek Trail and Bolin Creek Trail, Chapel Hill's oldest trail and most popular greenway. Chapel Hill has no-fee intracity bus service via Chapel Hill Transit . Park & Ride lots provide financial support for
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#17328737050405022-572: The university are seen throughout the town, even in the fire departments. Each fire station in Chapel Hill has a fire engine (numbers 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35) that is Carolina blue. These engines are also decorated with different UNC decals, including a firefighter Rameses . Chapel Hill also has some new urbanist village communities, such as Meadowmont Village and Southern Village . Meadowmont and Southern Village both have shopping centers, green space where concerts, movies, and other outdoor events have taken place, community pools, and schools. Also,
5103-489: The university's largest donor. Chapel Hill has developed along a hill; the crest was the original site of a small Anglican "chapel of ease", built in 1752, known as New Hope Chapel . The Carolina Inn now occupies this site. In 1819, the town was founded by the NC General Assembly to serve the University of North Carolina and developed around it. The town was chartered in 1851, and its main street, Franklin Street,
5184-460: The war and struggled with the economic hardships in the postwar period, related to the reconstitution of labor markets, over-reliance on agriculture, and the social unrest of the Reconstruction Era . The establishment of the Research Triangle Park (RTP) in 1959 helped create tens of thousands of jobs in the fields of science and technology. By the early 21st century, Raleigh had become one of
5265-464: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.98. In the town, the population was distributed as 17.4% under the age of 18, 31.5% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 18.4% from 45 to 64, and 9.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.6 males. According to estimates released by
5346-637: Was born at Casso's Inn in Raleigh. The city's first water supply network was completed in 1818, although due to system failures, the project was abandoned. In 1819 Raleigh's first volunteer fire company was founded, followed in 1821 by a full-time fire company. In 1817, the Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina was established and headquartered in Raleigh. In 1831, a fire destroyed the North Carolina State House . Two years later, reconstruction began with quarried gneiss being delivered by
5427-403: Was claimed housing was substandard and the area had a lot of crime. By the early 1970s people in Raleigh were growing increasingly concerned about growth and urban sprawl . Community organizations felt that municipal offices were being too heavily influenced by business interests when the city's population was rapidly growing and various development projects were being proposed. At their behest,
5508-511: Was discontinued in April 2019. Raleigh, North Carolina Raleigh ( / ˈ r ɔː l i / RAW -lee ) is the capital city of the U.S. state of North Carolina and the seat of Wake County . It is the second-most populous city in North Carolina , after Charlotte . Raleigh is the tenth-most populous city in the Southeast , the 41st-most populous city in the U.S., and
5589-563: Was featured prominently in a number of "Top 10 Lists", including those by Forbes , MSNBC and Money magazine , due to its quality of life and favorable business climate. In 2001, the Raleigh Memorial Auditorium complex was expanded with the addition of the Progress Energy Center for the Performing Arts, Meymandi Concert Hall, Fletcher Opera Theater, Kennedy Theatre, Betty Ray McCain Gallery and Lichtin Plaza. Fayetteville Street reopened to vehicular traffic in 2006. A variety of downtown building projects began around this time including
5670-436: Was formed. The Festival was reorganized as the North Carolina Debutante Ball in 1927. Following immigration by Catholics, on December 12, 1924, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Raleigh was officially established by Pope Pius XI . The Sacred Heart Cathedral became the official seat of the diocese with William Joseph Hafey as its bishop. The city's first airport, Curtiss-Wright Flying Field, opened in 1929. That same year,
5751-402: Was founded as a land-grant college in 1887. The city's Rex Hospital opened in 1889 and included the state's first nursing school. The Baptist Women's College, now known as Meredith College , opened in 1891, and in 1898, The Academy of Music, a private music conservatory, was established. In the late nineteenth century, two Black Congressmen were elected from North Carolina's 2nd district ,
5832-521: Was named in memory of Benjamin Franklin . Four in ten Chapel Hillians were enslaved at the start of the Civil War , and about half of the town was Black. In April 1865, as the war ended, the 9th Michigan Cavalry rode into Chapel Hill and occupied the university and the town for more than two weeks. In 1969, a year after the town fully integrated its schools, Chapel Hill elected Howard Lee as mayor. It
5913-519: Was not until after federal civil rights legislation was passed in the mid-1960s that the majority of Black citizens in North Carolina would again be able to vote, sit on juries and serve in local offices. By that time many African Americans had left the state in the Great Migration to northern industrial cities for more opportunities. No African American was elected to Congress from North Carolina until 1992. In 1912, Bloomsbury Park opened, featuring
5994-442: Was officially established in 1792 as both county seat and state capital. The city was incorporated on December 31, 1792, and a charter granted January 21, 1795. The city was named for Sir Walter Raleigh , sponsor of Roanoke , the "lost colony" on Roanoke Island. No known city or town existed previously on the chosen city site. Raleigh is one of the few cities in the United States that was planned and built specifically to serve as
6075-418: Was on September 15, 2003, at Kenan Memorial Stadium with the E Street Band . U2 also performed at Kenan on the first American date of their 1983 War Tour , where Bono climbed up to the top of the stage, during pouring rain and lightning, holding up a white flag for peace. The 2011 John Craigie song, " Chapel Hill ", is about the singer's first visit there. One song from Dirty , a Sonic Youth album,
6156-567: Was purchased by Benjamin Craig and Green Cordal and donated to the Quakers for the establishment of a Black school, and a portion of the land was used for the creation of St. Paul AME Church . The Quakers established a private freedmen’s school in 1868, and by 1890 they expanded the school for Black students in lower grades with some funding from the county. Rev. Louis H. Hackney, a minister at White Rock Baptist Church (now First Baptist Church), established
6237-536: Was the first majority-white municipality in the South to elect an African-American mayor. Serving from 1969 to 1975, Lee helped establish Chapel Hill Transit , the town's bus system, and the Mountains-to-Sea trail . Some 30 years later, in 2002, the state passed legislation to provide free service to all riders on local buses. The bus operations are funded through Chapel Hill and Carrboro town taxes, federal grants, and UNC student tuition. The change has resulted in
6318-469: Was the first of two land grants in what is now the Chapel Hill-Durham area. Though William Barbee died shortly after settling there in 1758, one of his eight children, Christopher Barbee, became an important contributor to his father's adopted community and to the fledgling University of North Carolina . In 1792, he offered the trustees of UNC 221 acres on which the university is now built, making him
6399-460: Was the first planetarium built on a U.S. college campus. When it opened in 1949, it was one of six planetariums in the nation and has remained an important town landmark. During the Mercury , Gemini , and Apollo programs , astronauts were trained there. One of the town's hallmark features is the giant sundial, located in the green square in front of the planetarium on Franklin Street. Influences of
6480-518: Was the largest city and the capital of North Carolina during the American Revolution . When the British Army laid siege to the city, that site could no longer be used as the capital. From 1789 to 1794, when Raleigh was being built, the state capital was Fayetteville . Raleigh was chosen as the site of the new capital in 1788, as its central location protected it from attacks from the coast. It
6561-658: Was turned into a pedestrian-only street in an effort to help the then-ailing downtown area, but the plan was flawed and business declined for years to come. Fayetteville Street was reopened in 2007 as the main thoroughfare of Raleigh's downtown. During the 1988 Raleigh tornado outbreak of November 28, 1988, the city was affected by the most destructive of the seven tornadoes reported in Northeastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia between 1:00 am and 5:45 am. The Raleigh tornado produced over $ 77 million in damage, along with four fatalities (two in
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