49-593: Om Parvat is a mountain located in Pithoragarh district , Uttarakhand , India . Om Parvat's peak elevation is 5,590 m (18,340 ft) above sea level . Om Parvat derives its name from the Sanskrit word Om, which is composed of three sounds: A, U, and M. These sounds represent the three states of consciousness: waking, dreaming, and deep sleep. They also correspond to the three realms of existence: earth , atmosphere , and heaven . The fourth state, beyond these three,
98-467: A base, many of them would engage in annual trade visits to market towns such as Taklakot in western Tibet, and some would practice nomadic pastoralism as well. This way of life came to an abrupt end in the 1962 due to the Sino-Indian War . Trans-Himalayan trade was allowed again since the under 1990s. But unlike in the past, it was now to be conducted under state-imposed regulations and limitations, and
147-541: A diversion at Gunji to view Om Parvat. Om Parvat is located east of Nabhi Dhang camp on Mount Kailash - Lake Manasarovar yatra route. Mount Kailash could be viewed from the Limpiyadhura Pass as well as the Old Lipulekh Pass (couple of kilometer west of Lipulekh Pass). Om Parvat is considered to be a sacred place for Hindus, as it is believed to be associated with Lord Shiva , the supreme deity of Hinduism. Shiva
196-611: A pilgrimage that involves visiting Mount Kailash and Lake Manasarovar in Tibet. These are considered to be the most sacred sites in Hinduism, as they are associated with various legends and myths involving Shiva and other gods and goddesses. The pilgrimage is said to be a journey of purification and liberation from the cycle of birth and death. Om Parvat can be viewed on the route to the Kailash Manasarovar Yatra from Nabhidhang camp which
245-645: A population of 483,439 (as of 2011). The city of Pithoragarh , located in Saur Valley , is its headquarters. The district is within the Kumaon division of Uttarakhand state. The Tibet plateau is situated to the north and Nepal is to the east. The Kali River which originates from the Kalagiri Mountain flows south, forming the eastern border with Nepal. The Hindu pilgrimage route for Mount Kailash - Lake Manasarovar passes through this district via Lipulekh Pass in
294-433: A ranking of 546th among the 640 districts of India . The district has a population density of 69 inhabitants per square kilometre (180/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 5.13%. Pithoragarh has a sex ratio of 1021 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 82.93%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 24.90% and 4.04% of the population respectively. Native tribes in
343-467: A tree on the sacred ground of the village. Strips of white cloth are tied to the tree and a flag is raised. Hilljatra is a pastoralists' and agriculturalists' festival, which is celebrated in some parts of Pithoragarh districts. The aathon (eight day of bhado) and Gawra Visarjan became part of Hilljatra during the development process. The festival, which originated in West Nepal's Sorar (Mahakali) region,
392-501: Is 360 centimetres (140 in). Sati, Vishwambhar Prasad; Kumar, Kamlesh (2004). Uttaranchal: Dilemma of Plenties and Scarcities . Mittal Publications. ISBN 8170998980 . After June the district receives monsoon showers. Winter is a time for transhumance – the seasonal migration of the Bhotiya tribe with their herds of livestock to lower, warmer areas. Locally, glaciers are known as Gal . Some important glaciers of
441-662: Is a Himalayan town with a Municipal corporation in Pithoragarh district in the Indian state of Uttarakhand . It is the largest hill town in Kumaon Division . "The district is named after its headquarters town, Pithoragarh. Tradition has it that during the reign of the Chand Rajas of Kumaon , one Piru, also called Prithvi Gosain, built a fort here and named it Prithvigarh which, in the course of time, got changed to Pithoragarh." Pithoragarh city and its surrounding areas were part of
490-538: Is an urban town with a Nagar Palika Parishad or Municipal Council spread over an area of 9 square km. It is divided into 20 wards for the sake of administration. It is also part of the Almora Lok Sabha Constituency , thus has BJP MP Ajay Tamta representing the city and is a part of the Pithoragarh Vidhan Sabha constituency, represented by INC's Mayukh Mahar . Pithoragarh town, before
539-510: Is connected to the rest of Uttarakhand by all-weather motorable roads. The total road length in Pithoragarh is 80 km. Haldwani and Tanakpur are two entry points for entering Pithoragarh by road. Both are connected by railway services, the nearest railway stations being Tanakpur (151 km) and Kathgodam (212 km). Regular state bus transport services along with private taxi services are available at both places. Buses, which are
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#1732877223219588-509: Is linked to ropai (paddy planting) and other rainy-season agricultural and pastoral labours (Hill = mud, Jatra = Jaat). It has also been linked to the Champawat ruler's victory. The small town was extensively described in a novel by American author Bradley Swift, From Pithoragarh to Pittsburg . Major parts of the Bollywood film Sandeep Aur Pinky Faraar have been shot in the city. Pithoragarh
637-689: Is near the Lipulekh Pass that connects India and Tibet. The Adi Kailash or Shiva Kailash is located in a different direction from the Om Parvat. Adi Kailash is located near Sin La pass and near Brahma Parvat. The base camp of Adi Kailash is 17 km from the Kuthi (Kuti) village in Kuthi Valley at sacred Jolingkong Lake which has a Hindu Shiva temple on its bank. The Adi Kailash Yatra Circuit begins by going up
686-491: Is not connected by any direct train services ; however, it is well connected by road, and it also has an airport. The National Highway 9 passes through Pithoragarh. Landslides and cloudbursts , caused by heavy rains that fall during the summer monsoon, often interrupt transportation networks. The Pithoragarh Airport , also known as the Naini Saini Airport, is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north-east of
735-508: Is one of the major festivals in this area. Languages of Pithoragarh district (2011) Kumaoni , with its several dialects, is the most widely spoken language. Hindi is the common language between the locals and outsiders, and English is spoken by some people, especially teachers, lecturers, and students in tertiary education. Several Sino-Tibetan languages of the West Himalayish branch are spoken by small communities. These include
784-505: Is seen as one of the most prominent empires in Kumaon. Their rule also coincides with a period of cultural resurgence. Archeological surveys point towards the development of culture and art forms in this period. A Branch of Indian National Congress was established in the region in 1912, and in 1916, many people from Pithoragarh attended the Lucknow session of Congress. The Non-cooperation movement
833-459: Is silence or pure consciousness, which is symbolized by the dot above the crescent in the Om symbol. Om Parvat is thus a representation of the ultimate reality that transcends the phenomenal world. It is considered sacred by Hindus and its snow deposition pattern resembles the sacred ' Om ' (ॐ). Near Om Parvat, Parvat Lake and "Jonglingkong Lake". Jonglingkong Lake is sacred, as Lake Manasarovar , to
882-410: Is the destroyer and transformer of evil and ignorance, and the source of all knowledge and wisdom . He is also the patron of yoga and meditation , which are practices that aim to achieve union with the divine. Om Parvat is said to be a manifestation of Shiva’s power and grace, and a place where one can experience his presence and blessings. Om Parvat is also a part of the Kailash Manasarovar Yatra,
931-748: The "10+2+3" plan . After completing their secondary education, students typically enroll in Inter Colleges that have a higher secondary facility and are affiliated with the Central Board of Secondary Education , CISCE or the Department of Education of the Government of Uttarakhand . They usually choose a focus on liberal arts, business, or science. As of 2011, Pithoragarh had 17 primary schools, 20 middle schools, 22 secondary schools, 14 senior secondary schools, and 1 degree college. Before independence, during
980-721: The Darma Valley and then going to Kuthi Yankti Valley via the Sin La pass to join the Mount Kailash - Lake Manasarovar Tibetan pilgrimage route down the Sharda River . Pithoragarh district ‹The template Manual is being considered for merging .› Pithoragarh district is the easternmost district in the state of Uttarakhand. It is located in the Himalayas and has an area of 7,110 km (2,750 sq mi) and
1029-619: The Hindus . Om Parvat can be viewed on the route to the Kailash Manasarovar Yatra from the last camp ( Nabhidhang Pass west of KMVN Huts) enroute Lipulekh Pass . India claim it in Indian Uttarakhand side on Dharchula , Pithoragarh district , India . Where as Nepal, claim it in Darchula District , Nepal . It has always been the sacred mountain for Hindus among all over the world. Many trekkers to Adi Kailash in Kuthi Valley often make
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#17328772232191078-549: The Kingdom of Kumaon in the sixteenth century during the rule of King Balo Kalyan Chand, when it was given to him by the Raika king of Doti as dowry for marrying his Daughter. In 1790, the Chand kings built a new fort on the hill where the present Girls Inter College is situated. This fort was destroyed by the Indian government in 1962 after China attacked India. The Chand rule, at its zenith,
1127-569: The Kumaoni language . Kandali Festival A flower called Kandali ( Strobilanthes wallichii ) blooms once every twelve years in the Chaudans region of Pithoragarh district, and the people celebrate the Kandali festival between August and October. Local people, known as Shaukars or Rangs, take part in the week-long festival with joy and enthusiasm in various villages throughout the region. The festival begins with
1176-689: The Manaskhand region, which extended from the Kailash Mountain in the north to Bhabar & Terai in the south, as mentioned in the Skanda Purana . The Asuras and Nagas appear to be the earliest inhabitants of the region, who were later superseded by the Kiratas , Khasas and the Kunindas . The Kuninda Kings of the region may have become the feudatories of The Kushana Kings, who held their sway over
1225-618: The Moderate damage risk (B) area in Wind & Cyclone Zone and is declared a No Flood Zone. Pithoragarh has a monsoon-influenced climate. The summer season from April to mid-June is moderately warm with occasional thunderstorms, whilst the monsoon season from mid-June to mid-September is humid with heavy showers almost daily. This gives way to a warm and sunny autumn season. The winter season brings pleasant afternoons, very cold mornings, and spells of frontal rain accompanied by sparse snowfall. Pithoragarh
1274-448: The Pals were able to regain the throne. It is believed that Bharti Chand, an ancestor of Gyan Chand, had replaced Bams, the ruler of Pithoragarh, after defeating them in 1445. In the 16th century, the Chand dynasty again took control over Pithoragarh town and, in 1790, built a new fort on the hill where the present Girls Inter College is situated. The Chand rule, at its zenith, is seen as one of
1323-521: The Provincial Assembly, and in 1947, along with the rest of India, this region also won independence from the British Rule. Pithoragarh is located at 29°35′N 80°13′E / 29.58°N 80.22°E / 29.58; 80.22 . in the district of Pithoragarh , Uttarakhand , India. It lies in the revenue Division of Kumaon and is located 188 km northeast of Nainital ,
1372-475: The administrative headquarters of Kumaon. It has an average elevation of 1,627 metres (5,338 feet ). It is situated in the centre of the western half of the Saur Valley . The valley is spread across around 50 square kilometers. According to the Bureau of Indian Standards , on a scale ranging from I to V in order of increasing susceptibility to earthquakes, the city lies inside seismic zone V . It lies in
1421-475: The board under the U.P. Municipalities Act of 1916. There was no elected body and the affairs were supervised by an Officer-in-charge (a deputy collector) to whom the powers were delegated by the District Magistrate. Pithoragarh Mahotsav has played a significant role in conserving and sharing Pithorgarh's unique culture. It showcases local culture through music and dance, often featuring performances in
1470-461: The city. The airport, which was constructed in 1991 for administrative use, was previously mainly used by the Indian Air Force for defence purposes. The airport was upgraded in 2016 at an estimated cost of Rs 64.91 crore. Bareilly Airport is located around 249 km from Pithoragarh is a major airport nearby which is connected to cities like Mumbai, New Delhi and Bengaluru. Pithoragarh
1519-476: The creation of a Municipal Board, was administered as a Town Area by a committee consisting of 10 members and a chairman. The Municipality of Pithoragarh came into existence on 24 Nov 1962 and the members and the chairman of Town Area Committee became its members. The board was, however, dissolved on 12 Mar 1963, and the town was then administered by the District Magistrate , who was the ex-officio chairman of
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1568-469: The district are as follows: A wide variety of flora exists in the district, including many unique sub-tropical, temperate, and alpine plants. Bryophytes (mosses), pteridophytes (ferns), gymnosperms (conifers), and angiosperms (flowering plants) are present. Rare varieties of orchids are also present in the high-altitude valleys of Milan, Darma, Beyans, and Kuthi. Species present include: Pithoragarh Pithoragarh ( Kumaoni : Pithor'garh )
1617-592: The district include the Van Rawats and Shaukas. Van Rawats are hunter-gatherers . Shaukas are traders. In Pithoragarh the Shaukas are divided into two main tribes. Johari Shaukas and Rung Shaukas. The Johari Shauka community inhabits the areas in Munsiyari while Rung Shaukas tribe are spread among the three valleys of Darma, Chaundas, and Byans. Kangdali Festival , celebrated once every 12 years by inhabitants of Chaundas Valley,
1666-431: The greater Himalayas. The district is administratively divided into six Tehsils : Munsyari ; Dharchula ; Didihat ; Berinag ; Gangolihat ; and Pithoragarh. Naini Saini Airport is the nearest civil airport, but it does not have a regular scheduled commercial passenger service. The mineral deposits present in the district are magnesium ore , copper ore, limestone , and slate . There are 11 tehsils . Some attribute
1715-459: The middle of the 19th century when Pithoragarh was part of Almora , there were only two middle schools in Pithoragarh. LSM Govt. Post Graduate College is the only government college in the town providing studies up to post-graduation. It was previously affiliated to Kumaun University , Nainital . With the growing impact of I.T. , the government opened SIT Pithoragarh in 2011. Almost a dozen of privately owned computer centres opened up later in
1764-400: The most commonly used mode of transport, are run by government agencies and private operators. Agencies operating long-distance bus services include Uttarakhand Transport Corporation , K.M.O.U, and various private operators. Schools in Pithoragarh are run by the state government or private organisations, Hindi and English are the primary languages of instruction. Schools in Pithoragarh follow
1813-465: The most prominent empires in Kumaon. Their rule also coincides with a period of cultural resurgence. Archaeological surveys point toward the development of culture and art forms in this period. British rule began on 2 December 1815 when Nepal was forced to sign the Sugauli Treaty . Pithoragarh remained a tehsil under Almora district until 1960 when its status was elevated to that of a district. There
1862-561: The name to King Prithvi Pal (Had his empire to Nainital & parts of UP) / Piru Gusain (Gusain refers to the younger son of a King), here the younger son of King of Askote (Pal)/ Pithora Shahi/ Pithora Chand from the Chand Dynasty , who built a fort named Pithora Garh in the Saur Valley . After its conquest by Bhartpal, the Rajwar of Uku (now in Nepal), in the year 1364, Pithoragarh was ruled for
1911-622: The region in the last quarter of the 1st century AD. The region subsequently came under the Kurmanchal kingdom , which had its capital first at Jyotirmath and then at Karikeyapura (Modern day Baijnath ) in the Katyur Valley. The Group of Temples at Kasni village (3 km from city centre) were built in 11th century during the rule of Katyuri kings . Upon the disintegration of the Katyuris and fall of kingdom in 13th century, Pithoragarh came under
1960-549: The regions ruled by the Doti Kings. This resulted in a war, which lasted for 12 years, and ended with a victory for the Chands. After the death of Bharti Chand in 1462, Nagmalla, the king of Doti attacked his son, Ratna Chand who was successful in defending himself. Nagmalla was killed in the war and the Bams became feudatories of the Chands. The pargana of Saur came under direct control of
2009-495: The rest of the 14th century by three generations of Pals, and the kingdom extended from Pithoragarh to Askot . According to a Tamra Patra (inscribed copper or brass plaque) from 1420, the Pal dynasty, based out of Askot, was uprooted by Chand kings . Vijay Brahm (of the Brahm dynasty from Doti ) took over the empire as King. Following the death of Gyan Chand, in a conflict with Kshetra Pal,
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2058-522: The rule of Bam kings of Saur . The Bam kings were feudal to the Raikas of Doti and was a branch of katyuri kings, and had their capital at Udaipur near Pithoragarh, However, the Rajas used to come down to Rameshwar and Bailorkol during the winter months. The Bam kings, who ruled over Saur were: In the fifteenth century, King Bharti Chand of Champawat amassed a huge army, and started plundering and killing in
2107-538: The three closely related languages of Byangsi , Chaudangsi , and Darmiya , as well as Rangkas & Rawat . The Van Rawat tribe speaks their own variety of Kumaoni. Pithoragarh town, being in a valley, is relatively warm during summer and cool during winter. During the coldest months of December and January, the tropical and temperate mountain ridges and high locations receive snowfall and have an average temperature of 5.5–8.0 °C (41.9–46.4 °F). Pithoragarh district has extreme variation in temperature due to
2156-442: The wide range of variations in altitude. The temperature rises from mid-March through mid-June. The areas above 3,500 metres (11,500 ft) remain in a permanent snow cover. Regions lying at 3,000–3,500 metres (9,800–11,500 ft) become snowbound for four to six months. At places like the river gorges at Dharchula , Jhulaghat , Ghat and Sera, temperatures reach 40 °C (104 °F). The annual average rainfall in lower reaches
2205-408: The worship of a Shiva linga made of a flour mixture of barley and buckwheat. During this festival, local liquor is traditionally consumed. It is performed in a decorated corner of the courtyard by each household. People pray for good fortune. The individual Poojas are followed by a community feast. Then, the women and men, in traditional dresses and laden with gold and silver ornaments, assemble around
2254-481: Was allowed only across the Pithoragarh district's Lipu Lekh pass , whereas in earlier times, in Kumaon and Garwhal, the Trans-Himalayan trade had been conducted across several passes. In 1997, part of the Pithoragarh district was cut out to form the new Champawat district . According to the 2011 census Pithoragarh district has a population of 483,439, roughly equal to the nation of Suriname . This gives it
2303-529: Was an army cantonment, a church, and a mission school, resulting in the spread of Christianity in the region. The Bhotiya communities living in the Pithoragarh district historically practised transhumance between summer villages located at higher altitudes, close to the border with Tibet, and winter settlements located at lower altitudes, close to the Himalayan foothills and the Gangetic plains. With transhumance as
2352-640: Was first introduced to the valley in Kumor village, Pithoragarh.The hiljatra of Urai (Dewalthal)is the most famous.Tha tableau of the Lakhiya bhoot is the main attraction.On the evening of hiljatra,worship of goddess Mahakali is performed tableaux are tajen out.The people of Bajethi, another village near Pithoragarh, accepted the Jatra, and it was modified and introduced as Hiran chital in the Kanalichhina and Askot regions. Hilljatra
2401-650: Was started in the region in 1921 and in 1930, 10 people from Pithoragarh participated in the Civil disobedience movement . Subsequently, the Congress won the Pithoragarh seat in the Provincial Elections in 1937 . The Quit India Movement of 1942 found greater support in Pithoragarh and about 150 persons were arrested while several were fined. The Congress won the Pithoragarh seat again in the General Elections of 1945 for
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