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116-529: Ortega is a neighborhood of Jacksonville , Florida , US. It is located south of downtown Jacksonville on a peninsula off the western bank of the St. Johns River . It is one of the wealthiest neighborhoods in Jacksonville, and is the location of many historic homes and buildings. The peninsula containing Ortega is bounded by the St. Johns and Ortega Rivers, and is bisected by Roosevelt Boulevard ( U.S. Route 17 );

232-570: A Finnish politician and director of the Finnish National Agency of Education, was selected by the board of directors to serve as director general, replacing Siva Kumari. The IB is a nonprofit organization, selling its products and services to schools in a system analogous to a franchise network. Schools buy products and services from the IB – assessments, publications, the right to use branding – and in turn schools act as distributors, reselling

348-517: A clarification of the grading methodology, and free remarking and retesting. Several educators have criticized IB's approach to the 2020 grading. The Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation stated it would "scrutinize" the grades. The Norwegian Data Protection Authority asked the IB to provide data under the General Data Protection Regulation . Some argued that using a school's historical data to produce grades

464-468: A distinctly traditional Southern culture complete with one of the South's most exclusive debutante coteries. The island is almost all residential, the only exception being a small square in the section known as "Old Ortega" on the north side where a small collection of restaurants, boutiques, and a pharmacy are found. Ortega, with its giant oaks, waterfront mansions, and series of parks is widely considered one of

580-399: A few different sections with different characteristics. There is the riverfront, with multimillion-dollar mansions. Ortega Point has old wood frame and Tudor homes surrounding Bettes Park. The historic district has modest wood-frame homes dating back to the early 1900s. Ortega Terrace towards the southern interior of the peninsula has large, stone and brick houses with a mix of styles. There

696-516: A former staunch Confederate would have chosen a name so associated with the New York borough of Brooklyn . At any rate, Price's Brooklyn was initially a residential suburb, growing quickly with the establishment of a streetcar line. Brooklyn is a historically African-American neighborhood in which houses were built for Buffalo Soldiers . In 1887 Brooklyn and several other suburbs were annexed by Jacksonville. Brooklyn remained primarily residential into

812-566: A forum for dialogue." There are currently fifty-six (56) sub-regional associations, including: In 2003, the IB established the IB Fund, incorporated in the United States, to enhance fundraising and keep funds raised separately from operational funds. In 2004, the IB approved a strategic plan to "ensure that programmes and services are of the highest quality" and "to provide access to people who are socio-economically disadvantaged." In 2010 and 2015,

928-752: A high-performing schools network (COAR) made up of IB World Schools. In early 2016 thirteen new schools were authorized by the IB as part of this programme. In Ecuador, President Rafael Correa has also committed to improving education in state schools by implementing IB programmes and by January 2016 there were over 200 state schools. With support from local organizations, there are thirteen state IB schools in Russia . In Spain , various models have been implemented (3 types of schools in Spain: public schools, private schools and state funded-private or "concerted" schools) and led to extensive growth with 140 schools. Internationally,

1044-400: A midnight police raid in 1933. Ortega is home to hundreds of mid-size to large, turn-of-the-century homes and Southern-style mansions. Many of these homes are situated directly on the river, and the nature of the "island" allows ease of access to the waterways for all residents. Along with Avondale and Riverside, Ortega is home to some of the wealthiest of Jacksonville families. It is marked by

1160-499: A peninsula jutting into the St. Johns River, separated from the mainland by the St. Johns River to the east and the smaller waterway known as the Ortega River to the north and west. It was formerly an island until a land bridge was constructed on the southern end; this now carries U.S. Route 17 , or Roosevelt Boulevard. Ortega is one of the wealthiest neighborhoods in Jacksonville and one of

1276-445: A period of gentrification. Murray Hill is right beside the thriving neighborhoods Riverside and Avondale near Downtown Jacksonville. New Town is an urban Westside neighborhood located immediately west of LaVilla and Downtown . A working class, primarily African-American residential neighborhood, it was developed in the early 20th century. It is the location of Edward Waters College , Florida's oldest historically black college . By

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1392-456: A plan for the expansion of Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate mathematics and science courses, intending to increase the number of AP and IB teachers and the number of students taking AP and IB examinations, as well as tripling the number of students passing those exams. Howard Gardner , a professor of educational psychology at Harvard University , said that the IBDP curriculum

1508-493: A resort hotel, a yacht basin, and canals like those of Venice, Italy. Turck's project was never realized because of the collapse of the Florida real estate boom in 1926. According to a long-time resident, a man who had lived there since the 1930s, there were only 32 houses in the area then and no street markers, and Ortega Boulevard was a brick road that ran all the way to Green Cove Springs. The gates had an electric light suspended from

1624-490: A result of the leaks. One group dedicated to leaking papers has affirmed the concerns, by restricting the release of English Lang. Lit. leaks to "protect the grade boundaries". Following the examination leaks, the IBO also experienced an alleged security breach in their IT Infrastructure, potentially exposing internal documents and further test papers. Upon inspecting data shared online by the unknown threat actor(s), vx-underground ,

1740-460: A road and a park in the neighborhood still named after him to this day. In 1902, J. Pierpont Morgan helped a local Florida senator finance what is modern day Ortega. By 1908, the Ortega Company had completed a wooden bridge across the Ortega River, connecting to Avondale . A clubhouse was built and was designed by famed architect Henry Bacon of Lincoln Memorial. Bacon also built a house in

1856-422: A section of U.S. Route 17 . The peninsula is separated from the mainland by the St. Johns River to the east, and the smaller waterway known as the Ortega River to the north and west. Ortega is bisected by Roosevelt; the older area to the east of the road is known as "Ortega" or "Old Ortega", while the newer developments to the west comprise "Ortega Forest". Ortega is also accessible via a two-lane bascule bridge ,

1972-468: A single community, all of which were annexed by Jacksonville in 1887. Springfield became home to many of Jacksonville's wealthiest residents, and boomed following the Great Fire of 1901 , with many lavish houses being built. However, zoning changes in the late 1920s altered the residential character of the neighborhood, and the urban decay afflicting most of the United States' inner city neighborhoods since

2088-493: A small community had grown there, and local residents plotted out the streets for a town, which they soon named "Jacksonville" after Andrew Jackson . The town was occupied by Union troops for much of the American Civil War , and steady growth came after the war's end, when it became one of Florida's first major tourist destinations. In 1887 Jacksonville annexed several surrounding suburbs. Nearly all of downtown burned in

2204-418: A wider and wider area of the city, San Marco has been applied to most of the area formerly a part of South Jacksonville. San Marco remains a diverse and architecturally significant neighborhood, with many of its former government buildings and homes surviving. The southern border of San Marco ends at Greenridge Road, where the historic Red Bank house sits on the cape of Point La Vista .   St. Nicholas

2320-520: Is "less parochial than most American efforts" and helps students "think critically, synthesize knowledge, reflect on their own thought processes and get their feet wet in interdisciplinary thinking." In 2006, government ministers in the United Kingdom provided funding so that "every local authority in England could have at least one centre offering sixth-formers the chance to do the IB." In 2008, due to

2436-454: Is Tallulah-North Shore's most scenic feature and also forms the neighborhood's northern border. Like Northside, Westside or West Jacksonville is one of the traditional large sections of Jacksonville. It refers to the large section of Jacksonville west of Downtown and the interior neighborhoods, including both populated areas and a vast tract of undeveloped land. Using GIS to sort 45 businesses with "Westside" in their name, John W. McEwen mapped

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2552-511: Is a neighborhood in Jacksonville that is filled with multiple parks, restaurants, bars, community gardens and an art center. Most of the parks are located within the neighborhoods. Some of the parks in Murray Hill are: Four Corners Park, Murray Hill Playground, Jasmine Park, Powers Park and Cameron Park. The community garden, located right by Four Corners Park, was maintained by the Murray Hill community. However in 2017, two new homes were built, on

2668-400: Is a neighborhood on Jacksonville's Northside. "Panama" was the site of East Florida 's first steam-powered sawmill in 1828. The area grew up as a suburb of Jacksonville through the 19th century, connected to the city by two popular roads. Major growth came after 1905, and a new school designed by Henry J. Klutho was built in 1915. Panama Park was annexed by Jacksonville in 1931. Riverview

2784-793: Is a neighborhood on the Northside of Jacksonville, bordered by the Trout River to the North and East, Ribault River to the South, and Ribault Ave to the West. Riverview was originally platted and developed to be a suburb of Jacksonville in 1911 by Dr. E.H. Armstrong. He announced available sites offered "America's greatest opportunities to the intelligent Caucasian Race to own a beautiful home." Dr. Armstrong also converted his 25-acre waterfront home property into Riverview Tropical Gardens, an attraction with boating, fishing and garden trails of roses, azaleas, and lilies. In

2900-536: Is a region of Jacksonville, generally understood as a counterpart to the city's other large regions, the Urban Core, Arlington, Southside, Westside, and the Beaches. The expansive area houses a sizable share of the city's transportation and logistics infrastructure, including Jacksonville International Airport, Jacksonville station, JAXPORT Cruise Terminal, Blount Island Marine Terminal and Dames Point Marine Terminal. The area

3016-470: Is a residential neighborhood located directly to the east of Downtown and Springfield . Unlike the areas known as Northside, Westside, and Southside, Eastside does not comprise a large section of Duval County. Eastside contains Jacksonville's sports complex, including TIAA Bank Field , VyStar Veterans Memorial Arena , and the Baseball Grounds of Jacksonville . The original East Jacksonville development

3132-457: Is a small neighborhood on the south side of the St. Johns River, just east of San Marco . Like San Marco it was inhabited long before the area now comprising Downtown Jacksonville. During Florida's Second Spanish Period , it was the site of Fort San Nicolas, which guarded the river crossing at the Cowford. This led to the area between the ferry and Miller's Creek being known as "San Nicolas". The name

3248-510: Is also home to the Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens. There is no consistent definition for what constitute the boundaries of the Northside, but by using a Geographic Information System to sort names of 47 businesses with "Northside" in their name, geographer John W. McEwen determined that the Northside is roughly north of the urban core and Westside at 20th Street, and stretching west and north of

3364-449: Is an extensive park system and many of the local residents set up trusts to help maintain and landscape the parks. The Venetia gates mark the entrance to Venetia, a development founded in 1925 by Col. Raymond C. Turck on 500 acres of land in the Ortega neighborhood. Designed by architect Mellon Greely, the development was planned to be a Mediterranean-inspired community with a railroad station,

3480-509: Is immediately south of Murray Hill, Riverside and Avondale, Fishweir Creek, and is bound by the Cedar River (called Cedar Creek by locals) to the west and south. Inland from the Ortega historic district and McGirts Creek to the east, the community consists of historic homes both inland and along the waterfront, a cluster of Spanish Colonial estate homes, as well as many postwar frame, brick, and stucco bungalows. South of Park Street, situated at

3596-519: Is named for the land owner who sold it to the project. It had 215 units and was bounded by 6th, Payne, and McConihe Streets, and Myrtle Avenue. J. P. Small Memorial Stadium is located in Durkeeville. Together with Northside, Westside, and Southside, Arlington is one of the large sections of Duval County. Initially, Arlington was a settlement to the east across the St. Johns River from Jacksonville; today it refers to most of Jacksonville east and south of

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3712-618: Is on the corner of Southpoint. It is now known as St. Vincent's Medical Center Southside . Many of the hospital's doctors have offices in Southpoint. International Baccalaureate The International Baccalaureate Organization ( IBO ), more commonly known as the International Baccalaureate ( IB ), is a nonprofit foundation headquartered in Geneva , Switzerland , and founded in 1968. It offers four educational programmes:

3828-652: The Aetna Building , The Peninsula , and Riverplace Tower . Attractions such as the Museum of Science and History , Friendship Fountain and the Southbank Riverwalk can also be found in the district. Though historically poorly designed for pedestrians, the city hopes to better integrate it with the rest of Downtown as well as San Marco. Riverside and Avondale are two adjacent and closely associated neighborhoods, alternately described as one continuous neighborhood, to

3944-586: The Council of Europe and the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF). The IB governance is composed of an IB Board of Governors and six committees (access and advancement, audit, education, finance, human resources and governance). The Board of Governors appoints the Director General, sets the strategic direction of the organization, adopts a mission statement, makes policy, oversees

4060-641: The Czech Republic , South Africa , Kazakhstan , Spain, Philippines , Malaysia , Japan , and South Korea . The United States has the largest number of IB programmes (2,010 out of 5,586) offered in both private and public schools. The IB works with governments and non-governmental organizations across the world and has consultative status as a nongovernmental organization (NGO) at the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ) and has collaborative relationships with

4176-495: The Great Fire of 1901 ; however a significant building boom followed immediately after. Today, the city's definition of Downtown Jacksonville covers a wider area than the traditional Downtown Core, and is made up of several different neighborhoods or districts. The Downtown Core, also known as the Northbank, is Jacksonville's traditional city center. It comprises roughly the area south of State Street, west of Hogans Creek, north of

4292-774: The IB Diploma Programme and the IB Career-related Programme for students aged 16 to 19, the IB Middle Years Programme for students aged 12 to 16, and the IB Primary Years Programme for children aged 3 to 12. To teach these programmes, schools must be authorized by the International Baccalaureate. The organization's name and logo were changed in 2007 to reflect new structural arrangements. Consequently, "IB" may now refer to

4408-577: The Jacksonville Beaches designates the group of towns and communities along the Atlantic coast. Additionally, the City of Jacksonville uses six planning districts for some governmental purposes such as organizing Citizens Planning Advisory Committees (CPACs). These districts partially correspond to the vernacular areas. They are the Urban Core, comprising Downtown Jacksonville and some urban neighborhoods to

4524-616: The Mandarin orange . After the Civil War was the summer home of author Harriet Beecher Stowe , whose book Palmetto Leaves was inspired by her experiences there. Mandarin remained a quiet community until 1970, when the construction of the Buckman Bridge , connecting Mandarin to Orange Park across the river, ushered in a new wave of development, and Mandarin subsequently became one of Jacksonville's fastest growing neighborhoods. The Northside

4640-421: The subreddit r/pirateIB and other platforms. To date, there have been documents shared for Mathematics, Physics, Biology, Chemistry, English, Chinese, German, Psychology, Digital Society, Geography, Business Management, Computer Science and Global Politics. Some online forums have been expressing student discontent, especially with concerns on unfair advantages in examinations, with claims of miscommunication from

4756-488: The 1920s, including numerous Prairie School, Art Deco, Craftsman Style, Classical Revival, and Mediterranean Revival styles. Avondale is characterized by numerous bungalows and spacious, graceful homes. Unlike some other neighborhoods, Avondale never experienced a period of decline during the latter 20th century, and retains much of its original gentility. Many of its residents are financially stable with very high income. Riverside and Avondale are routinely recognized as among

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4872-451: The 1950s, the Gardens were turned into Sid Walker’s Riverview Amusement Park. In 1979, the city of Jacksonville purchased the land and converted the property into a park. Tallulah-North Shore is a neighborhood located in the Northside area, on the southern banks of the Trout River . First developed in 1879, the primarily residential area was annexed by Jacksonville in 1925. The Trout River

4988-438: The 1960s, however, the neighborhood declined precipitously and has not recovered. The railroad industry declined and urban decay set in, and after the end of segregation many residents left to seek opportunities in other neighborhoods. In the 1980s began an urban renewal campaign that continues today. Brooklyn is located south of LaVilla along the St. Johns River , immediately to the north of Riverside . All of this area

5104-534: The 20th century, until it was rezoned for commercial use, and a number of commercial skyscrapers and other building were constructed along the river. In the late 20th and early 21st century plans have been made to reintroduce residential zoning. The Southbank is a mixed-used district directly across the St. Johns River from the Downtown Core, closely associated with Jacksonville's San Marco neighborhood. It includes large office and residential structures, such as

5220-533: The 21st century the neighborhood showed many signs of urban decay, plagued by crime, failing schools, health issues and endemic poverty. In 2008 the city established the New Town Success Zone modeled after New York City 's Harlem Children's Zone to provide comprehensive social and educational programs and services to the neighborhood. Durkeeville was a low-cost housing project and neighborhood for African Americans, construction of which started in 1936. It

5336-416: The Civil War; Oakland and Fairfield. Oakland, located just north of East Jacksonville, was a working-class, largely African-American community. Oakland Park was the city's first park for African American children. Eartha M. M. White helped get it established. Fairfield was located farther east, along the northward bend of the river. Its attraction was as the location of Jacksonville's first Fairgrounds, which

5452-655: The Fort Caroline National Memorial. After the destruction of Fort Caroline, the area was only sparsely inhabited until the 19th century, when sawmills and plantations were established along the St. Johns River. After the American Civil War these gave way to residential developments, which were gradually absorbed into the Arlington community as it grew. The construction of the Mathews Bridge in 1953 opened

5568-598: The Heads Council, Regional Councils and the Board. To encourage diversity of gender, culture and geography, there are only three ex officio positions: Director General (non-voting), the chair of the Examining Board and the chair of the Heads Council. Advisory bodies include the Heads Council and Regional Councils. The IB Diploma Programme was described as "a rigorous, off-the-shelf curriculum recognized by universities around

5684-916: The IB announced a dual exam route for the May 2021 examination: examinations were expected to take place in regions where a written assessment could be "administered safely", while candidates in other regions follow a non-exam "alternative route" based on coursework and predicted grades. This decision was met with stiff backlash as students taking the IB Diploma Programme protested against perceived injustice. Students argued that exams would harm student mental health and well-being as well as possible consequences for university admissions. The IB's dual system approach has also been criticized by exam boards such as Cambridge Assessment International Education , who canceled their IGCSE and international A-level exams. In late April/early May, select IB final exams were leaked to

5800-598: The IB announced a plan that will expand the opportunities for Japanese students to complete the IB curriculum in Japanese. In Malaysia , a project has been developed in response to interest expressed by the Malaysia Ministry of Education (MoE) in working with the IB to implement the IB Middle Years Programme (MYP) in select secondary state schools. The Abu Dhabi Education Council (ADEC) signed an agreement with

5916-548: The IB continues to be recognized as innovative, and in 2014, the World Innovation Summit for Education (WISE) announced the IB Career-related Certificate as a finalist for their annual WISE Awards. However, the IB came under heavy criticism around the world in 2020 for controversial estimated grades, set when COVID-19 precautions obstructed examinations. According to tertiary educational agency 7Acad,

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6032-553: The IB in Chicago, found that it made for a stressful school experience but subsequently eased the pressures of university study. A further report by the University of Chicago concluded that Chicago Public School students who completed the IB curriculum were 40% more likely to attend a four-year college, 50% more likely to attend a selective four-year college, and significantly more likely to persist in college than their matched peers outside

6148-603: The IB to widen the options offered to parents and to meet the different needs of students in the United Arab Emirates . In April 2014, The King Faisal Foundation in Saudi Arabia and the IB signed a memorandum of understanding to develop IB programmes, including the IBDP, in up to forty primary and secondary schools, with the goal of intending to develop these schools as centres of excellence as IB World Schools. In Peru , President Ollanta Humala has committed to building

6264-417: The IB's financial management, and ensures autonomy and integrity of the IB Diploma Programme examinations and other student assessments. The structure of its different committees is based on respect, representation and collaboration. The Board of Governors can comprise between 15 and 25 members. Members are elected by the Board on the recommendation of the governance committee and from nominations presented by

6380-416: The IB. A statement from the IBO was published on May 4th, claiming that the organization had discovered a very small number of students engaged in "time zone cheating", further claiming that the cheating wasn't widespread. South China Morning Post rebutted this claim, having discovered over 45,000 downloads of papers. Significant numbers of students have raised concerns about grade boundaries being inflated as

6496-461: The IB. The City of Miami Beach Commission entered into an education compact with Miami-Dade County Public Schools with one of the initiatives of the compact to implement the IB curriculum throughout Miami Beach feeder schools. In some other parts of the world, the International Baccalaureate has been well received. In 2013, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan and

6612-564: The IBDP was reduced from $ 300,000 to $ 100,000 after State Senator Margaret Dayton objected to the IB curriculum, stating, "First, I have never espoused eliminating IB ... I don't want to create 'world citizens' nearly as much as I want to help cultivate American citizens who function well in the world." Mayor Rahm Emanuel of Chicago , meanwhile, believes that IB should be an option for students in Chicago Public Schools. Elizabeth Brackett , reporting on her own experience of studying

6728-487: The IBO was accused of plagiarising some of its confidential examiner marking guides from Misplaced Pages . In March 2020, the IB announced that exams for the May 2020 session had been cancelled as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic . It claimed that the final grades would instead be calculated based on coursework, students' teacher-predicted grades, and historical school data. "Prior to the attribution of final grades, this process

6844-713: The International Schools Examinations Syndicate (ISES), which would later become the International Baccalaureate Office (IBO), followed by the International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO) and then the International Baccalaureate (IB). The IB headquarters were officially established in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1968 for the development and maintenance of the IB Diploma Programme. The objective of this programme

6960-452: The Jacksonville city limits and Ponte Vedra Beach in St. Johns County . Jacksonville consolidated with Duval County in 1968; as such its city limits largely match the county borders. The City of Jacksonville estimates that there are over 500 neighborhoods within this area. In addition, the greater area of Jacksonville is often divided into several large sections with amorphous boundaries. The areas include both urban neighborhoods within

7076-643: The Jones Plantation and served with rebel troops in Georgia against the British. After some skirmishes, he later changed sides and joined the British, plundering the rebel troops and stealing Georgian cattle. Soon he formed a band of outlaws and terrorized the British, as well. The British governor, eventually had him court martialed and jailed at Castillo de San Marcos in Saint Augustine , but he escaped. There are

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7192-658: The Ortega River Bridge, which carries Ortega Boulevard ( State Road 211 ). The current bridge was constructed in 1927. On July 14, 2004, a section of Old Ortega was designated the Old Ortega Historic District by the National Register of Historic Places . The district is located east of U.S. 17 and north of Verona Boulevard. Ortega Boulevard is the primary route throughout the district, which covers 4500 acres and contains 597 historic buildings. Ortega has

7308-515: The St. Johns River known as Southbank. The area that became downtown Jacksonville was on the north bank of a crossing on the St. Johns River known as Wacca Pilatka to the Seminole and as the Cow Ford to the British. The land that became the town was largely drawn from two land grants from 1816, during Florida's Second Spanish Period : one to Maria Taylor, née Suarez, and one to Juan LeMaestre. By 1821

7424-534: The St. Johns River, north of the Mandarin neighborhood, inland from the Intracoastal Waterway , and south of Arlington. However, he noted that Southside overlaps with Arlington at its northern bounds. Southpoint is a commercial section of Jacksonville, Florida on the city's Southside area, eight miles from downtown. The area consists primarily of commercial buildings, apartment complexes and professional office centers. St. Lukes Hospital, built in 1984,

7540-406: The St. Johns River. Brentwood is a historic residential community with a dense collection of Bungalow architecture . The Brentwood Realty Investment Company under C.W. Bartleson, President, began marketing the neighborhood in 1913. The original subdivision was roughly defined by 26th Street to the south, 35th Street to the north, Pearl Street to the east and Davis Street to the west. Panama Park

7656-462: The St. Johns, and east of about Jefferson Street. It contains many government offices, corporate skyscrapers, and regional amenities. It is sometimes subdivided into smaller districts, including the Cathedral District and Riverfront District. LaVilla is a historic neighborhood located immediately west of Downtown . Jacksonville's first suburb , it was originally an independent city until it

7772-565: The St. Johns, west of the Intracoastal Waterway , and north of the Arlington River and Southside . Using GIS to sort 87 businesses with "Arlington" in their name, McEwen came to a similar definition, though he noted that Arlington overlaps with Southside at its southern end. Arlington was one of the first areas in the United States visited by Europeans; it was the site of the French Fort Caroline in 1564-1565, now represented by

7888-524: The U.S. Navy in World War II. Neighborhoods of Jacksonville, Florida There are four municipalities within Duval County that are outside of Jacksonville's city limits: Baldwin , Atlantic Beach , Neptune Beach , and Jacksonville Beach . The latter three communities, all located on a coastal barrier island , form part of the area known as the Jacksonville Beaches , together with Mayport within

8004-489: The Westside as being west of the St. Johns River and Downtown at approximately Interstate 95 , and south and west of the Northside. Neighborhoods sometimes included as part of the Westside include Argyle, Riverside and Avondale , Ortega , Cedar Hills, Lake Shore , Murray Hill , Normandy, Sweetwater, and Confederate Point. Originally established by the 1920s with its main commercial center at San Juan Avenue and Blanding Boulevard dating back to at least 1906, Lake Shore

8120-463: The area are St. Mark's Episcopal Church and United Methodist Church. Residents are often members of either the Florida Yacht Club or Timuquana Country Club . Due to the easy access to the water many residents enjoy boating or sailing. Prominent New York businessman William Astor helped start the Florida Yacht Club and was an active member there (there is still a room in the present 1928 clubhouse named for him). Timuquana's greens were designed by

8236-443: The area includes a number of interesting characters: botanist William Bartram ; highwayman and cattle rustler Daniel McGirt ; and Don Juan McQueen, who attempted to establish a plantation on his 1791 Ortega land grant, but was forced to leave due to attacks of Georgians and the French. Gangster George "Machine Gun" Kelly and his wife were rumored to be the mysterious couple who abruptly left their rented Grand Avenue home hours before

8352-495: The area to the east of Roosevelt is known as Old Ortega , while the area to the west is known as Ortega Forest . On July 14, 2004, a section of Ortega to the east of 17 and north of Verona Boulevard was designated as the Old Ortega Historic District by the National Register of Historic Places . Ortega got its start in 1763, shortly after Spain ceded Florida to England. By 1780, Colonel Daniel McGirtt moved into

8468-494: The area up to significantly increased development, and over the next two decades Arlington became the fastest growing part of the Jacksonville area. The Sandalwood neighborhood began developing in the spring of 1960, midway between downtown Jacksonville and the beaches, or about 6 miles (9.7 km) from each, was advertised in 1960-61 as "On the Southside - halfway between business and pleasure!" The builder-developer, Pearce-Uible,

8584-413: The center of the ornamental iron work (restored) that stretches from pillar to pillar. Two schools serve Ortega: Ortega Elementary School and St. Mark's Episcopal Day School; many children also attend Stockton Elementary School in nearby Ortega Forest. Many of the neighborhood children walk or ride bikes to school and the neighborhood is characterized by a very strong family-oriented environment. Many of

8700-547: The commercial district on Florida Avenue (now A. Philip Randolph Boulevard) was a major neighborhood center. However, many of its shops were destroyed in a 1969 riot that started when a white cigarette salesman shot a black man he said was robbing his truck. Neither the Avenue nor the neighborhood has recovered, though in more recent times, the Eastside has been the center of urban renewal projects. Two other communities grew up after

8816-662: The country's most prominent golf architect, Donald Ross and later upgraded and maintained by Robert Trent Jones . Huckins Yachts are also constructed across the Ortega River from the neighborhood. Started over 80 years ago, the very first Huckins was sold to David M. Goodrich of B.F. Goodrich Rubber Company . He later purchased two more yachts. Many residents of the neighborhood own a Huckins Yacht, ranging in size from 35 feet to almost 100 feet. Huckins are also popular in yachting circles in Fort Lauderdale, Florida and Newport, Rhode Island . Huckins also built many PT boats for

8932-401: The county. Downtown is the central business district of Jacksonville . The oldest section of the city, it is traditionally defined by the original boundaries of the city set upon its establishment. It is the center of Jacksonville's Urban Core, which includes the surrounding neighborhoods of LaVilla , Springfield , East Jacksonville , and Brooklyn , plus a section on the south side of

9048-452: The devaluing of the A-Levels and an increase in the number of students taking the IB exams, then-Children's Secretary Ed Balls abandoned a "flagship Tony Blair pledge to allow children in all areas to study IB." Fears of a "two-tier" education system further dividing education between the rich and the poor emerged as the growth in IB is driven by private schools and sixth-form colleges. While

9164-569: The diploma mean grade stands at a four-year low of 4.54 points,with total points at a five-year low of 28.51 pts as of 2019. A study published by the University of Cambridge showed that a Cambridge student, who had obtained a score of 41 or more, achieved above-average success while at Cambridge. Students who had received 38 or less, were receiving grades below the average of all Cambridge students. Those that had an IB score of 38 or 39, obtained above-average grades in science, and below-average grades in social studies and humanities. In October 2010,

9280-491: The early 20th century, resulting in one of the most varied architectural landscapes in Florida, including what is likely the largest collection of surviving bungalow houses in the state. In the late 1950s & 1960s, the area went into decay, with many of those grand old homes being converted into rooming houses. However, after being designated a "National Historic Neighborhood", by the late 1990s, Riverside had recovered, with many homes restored to their original form. Avondale

9396-494: The great neighborhoods in Jacksonville and Florida, and in 2010 they were named one of the top ten neighborhoods in the United States by American Planning Association. Springfield is a historic residential neighborhood located immediately north of Downtown. This area was originally part of the "Hogans' Donation", which was divided up following the Civil War for residential development. The original Springfield development dates to 1869; over time other developments were absorbed into

9512-504: The heart of Lake Shore were restored and designated as historic landmarks by the City of Jacksonville Historic Preservation Commission and Lakeshore Area Preservation Society. Bisected by the northern end of State Road 21 (Blanding Boulevard), Lake Shore is home to the Jacksonville Marina Mile which is a regionally unique combination of full service marinas, nautical outfitters, and dry storage facilities that advantageously line

9628-410: The land previously used for the garden. The architecture in Murray Hill is very diverse. There are brick, wood, stucco, concrete, bungalows, cottages, modern and southern style homes. Most of the homes are smaller, thus making it perfect for younger families, and retirees. The homes in Murray Hill are older, but the area is not registered as a historic neighborhood. The oldest existing house in Murray Hill

9744-549: The latter of which came to absorb the other communities. South Jacksonville was incorporated as a city in 1907, and grew significantly following the construction of the original Acosta Bridge in 1921. In 1932 South Jacksonville was annexed by Jacksonville. The name San Marco comes from South Jacksonville's most ambitious development, begun in 1926 and consisting of many upscale Mediterranean Revival -style homes and an integrated commercial sector known as San Marco Square. Later, as South Jacksonville or Southside came to be applied to

9860-481: The mid 20th century sent Springfield into substantial decline. In 1975 a preservation society was formed with the intent of saving Springfield's architectural heritage, resulting in a resurgence of growth. According to author Wayne Wood, "Springfield is destined to re-emerge as one of Jacksonville's successful residential neighborhoods." Indeed, in 2011, Southern Living named Springfield one of "The South's Best Comeback Neighborhoods". Eastside, or East Jacksonville,

9976-590: The most beautiful residential areas of Northeast Florida. Naval Air Station Jacksonville is also located on the south side of this neighborhood. Mandarin is located on the east side of the St. Johns River just north of the border with St. Johns County . It was at one point a separate city, and was incorporated into Jacksonville in the Jacksonville Consolidation in 1968. Mandarin grew up as an orange grove farming community, and went by several names before receiving its current designation, picked for

10092-479: The neighborhood teenagers attend local or northern private schools or the International Baccalaureate at one of two "magnet" high schools nearby. The street system is a grid pattern with themed street names. One end of the historic district has street names characterized by large Native American tribes. One section has the names of Ivy League schools. Another section has the names of all the styles of columns (i.e. Doric, Ionic, Corinthian). The largest churches in

10208-479: The neighborhood was a major railroad hub, with several rail lines meeting at Union Station (now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center ), and probably not coincidentally, was also for a period Jacksonville's primary red light district . LaVilla was incorporated in the 1860s as a predominantly African-American town. Union troops were based in the area during the American Civil War . Along with five other suburbs, it

10324-399: The neighborhood, of which neither the original clubhouse nor his house remain. The final construction boom occurred during the 1920s and Ortega has remained a neighborhood filled with wealthy businessmen and old families. The peninsula containing the Ortega neighborhood was originally an island until a land bridge was constructed at the southern end; this is now part of Roosevelt Boulevard ,

10440-410: The north; Greater Arlington/Beaches, including the Arlington area north of Beach Boulevard as well as the parts of the Beaches within the Jacksonville city limits; Southeast, corresponding to the Southside area south of Beach Boulevard; Southwest, consisting of the southern Westside; Northwest, comprising areas to the north and west of the Urban Core; and Northside, representing the northernmost parts of

10556-577: The number of Diploma Programme state schools has dropped under budget constraints, the new Career-related Programme has seen solid uptake in the UK with 27 schools in Kent alone. In 2006, an attempt was made to eliminate it from a public school in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . Some schools in the United States have eliminated the IBDP due to budgetary reasons and low student participation. In Utah , in 2008, funding for

10672-411: The old city limits as well as further-out suburban and rural communities. Three have "directional" names, a common characteristic in geographical areas. The most commonly used vernacular areas are Northside , located north of Downtown; Arlington , east of Downtown across the St. Johns River ; Southside , across the river from Downtown to the south, and Westside , to the west of Downtown. Additionally,

10788-472: The organization itself, any of the four programmes, or the diploma or certificates awarded at the end of a programme. When Marie-Thérèse Maurette wrote "Educational Techniques for Peace. Do They Exist?" in 1948, she created the framework for what would eventually become the IB Diploma Programme (IBDP). In the mid-1960s, a group of teachers from the International School of Geneva (Ecolint) created

10904-860: The products and services to families. The IB maintains its head office in Geneva , Switzerland . Assessment and grading services are located in Cardiff , Wales and the curriculum centre moved in 2011 to The Hague , Netherlands . Two other offices are located in Washington D.C. , United States and Singapore . The organization is divided into three regional centres: IB Africa, Europe and Middle East (IBAEM), administered from The Hague; IB Americas (IBA), administered from Washington D.C.; and IB Asia-Pacific (IBAP), administered from Singapore. Sub-regional associations "are groups formed by and for IB school practitioners to assist IB schools, teachers and students in their communities—from implementing IB programmes to providing

11020-570: The same period. The International Baccalaureate now functions as a global organization with global centers in Geneva, Washington D.C., The Hague, Cardiff and Singapore. The IB Middle Years Programme (MYP) was first offered in 1994. Within five years, 51 countries had MYP schools. A revised MYP programme, referred to as the IB Middle Years Programme New chapter was introduced in September 2014. The IB Primary Years Programme (PYP)

11136-422: The south of Downtown on the St. Johns River. Both neighborhoods are primarily residential, containing some of the city's most notable examples of residential architecture, with integrated business districts, including the historic Five Points area and King Street District . The entire area south of Jacksonville was originally plantation land prior to the Civil War. After the war, a group of investors purchased

11252-462: The southern part of Miles Price's plantation to develop as a new residential suburb. Price retained the northern part of his land and developed it as the suburb of Brooklyn . Riverside and Brooklyn were annexed by Jacksonville in 1887, but growth only boomed after the Great Fire of 1901 , when many of the city's most prominent residents chose to rebuild their homes in Riverside. Growth continued through

11368-462: The southwestern stretch of Avondale's St. Johns Avenue, spanning nearly a mile between Blanding and Lake Shore Boulevards, Lake Shore Terrace is a collection of mid-century modern homes built on larger lots developed by the Brownett and Fort Building company between 1951 and 1953 just north of San Juan Avenue Florida State Road 128 . In 2009, the arched gateways which mark the entrance to Bayview Road in

11484-479: The strategic plans were updated after substantial consultation. The vision for the next five years was to more consciously establish the IB as a leader in international education and the Board outlined a vision and four strategic goals with key strategic objectives. Access remains fundamental to the mission of the IB and a variety of initiatives and projects are helping to take it forward in Ecuador , Poland , Romania ,

11600-483: The tidal calm of the recreational watercourse on the west bank of McGirts Creek at the confluence of Cedar Creek and the St. Johns River. Murray Hill (Heights), in Jacksonville took the name of a neighborhood in Manhattan , New York City . While the neighborhood was created in 1907, the town of Murray Hill was incorporated in 1916 with its own mayor. The City of Jacksonville annexed the town on August 15, 1925. Murray Hill

11716-500: The wealthiest in the United States; it was listed as the 46th wealthiest are in Worth magazine. Ortega is bisected by U.S. 17; the older area to the east of the road is known as "Old Ortega", while the area to the west is known as "Ortega Forest". On July 14, 2004 a section of Ortega to the east of 17 and north of Verona Avenue was designated as the Old Ortega Historic District by the National Register of Historic Districts . The history of

11832-669: The world" when it was featured in the December 18, 2006, edition of Time titled "How to bring our schools out of the 20th Century". The IBDP was also featured in the summer 2002 edition of American Educator , where Robert Rothman described it as "a good example of an effective, instructionally sound, exam-based system." In the US, in 2006, as part of the American Competitiveness Initiative (ACI), President George W. Bush and Education Secretary Margaret Spellings presented

11948-401: Was plantation land until after the American Civil War , and changed hands a number of times during the 19th century. After the war it was acquired by Miles Price, who sold the southern half of the property to be developed as the suburb of Riverside. The northern section he retained and developed himself as Brooklyn. It appears that Price gave the development its name, but it is not known why

12064-407: Was a small residential community located east of Jacksonville along the St. Johns River, which grew up shortly after the Civil War. Eastside has remained the center of Jacksonville's annual Fair and sports complexes, as well as a center of industry in the city. As with other inner city neighborhoods across the United States it underwent precipitous decline since the mid-20th century. For many years,

12180-465: Was annexed by Jacksonville when the city limits expanded in 1887. The Great Fire of 1901 started in LaVilla, but the neighborhood was largely spared, while the fire ravaged downtown. Over the next several decades LaVilla saw the growth of a burgeoning music and entertainment scene, and many nationally renowned artists came to play at the local clubs on and off Ashely Street that catered to black audiences. In

12296-584: Was annexed in 1887 along with several other suburbs. It included streets west of Clay Street and north of McCoy's Creek and the railroad lines. The part of LaVilla north of Adams Street was for many years a center of African-American life and culture in Jacksonville. Most residents were black, and the neighborhood contained many venues, such as the Ritz Theatre and the many clubs on the Ashley Street strip, which showcased black entertainers. The southern part of

12412-443: Was built in 1898 located on Talbot Avenue. The main strip located in Murray Hill is called Edgewood Avenue South. This road is filled with store fronts that have older and newer merchants. Some of the older/original merchants are: Edgewood Bakery, Dreamete and Murray Hill Theater. Newer Merchants include: Mockshop Music Exchange, Maple Street Biscuit Company, Community Loaves, and Moon River Pizza. The neighborhood has been going through

12528-489: Was developed later. In 1920 it was proposed as a new upscale development, the most expansive Jacksonville had ever experienced. Avondale is known for its quiet, tree-lined residential streets and hundreds of quaint homes, most dating from the early 1920s during the Great Florida Land Boom. A few Avondale homes pre-date 1900. Most homes in the neighborhood reflect the upper income taste in residential architecture of

12644-486: Was later Anglicized to St. Nicholas. After the Civil War this area was the site of vacation and retirement homes for several wealthy Jacksonville residents. Some of their former homes remain in the area. Today St. Nicholas is a chiefly residential neighborhood with some commercial zoning along Beach and Atlantic Boulevards. Ortega is located on the St. Johns River just south of the Riverside and Avondale area. It lies on

12760-491: Was located at 3850 Beach Blvd. Southside, or South Jacksonville, is, along with Northside, Westside, and Arlington, one of the larger sections of Jacksonville. Originally the name "South Jacksonville" applied to the area to the south of Downtown across the St. Johns River, a neighborhood now typically called San Marco . Today, however, the term covers a much larger region. Using GIS data to sort 45 business with "Southside" in their name, McEwen defined an area east and south of

12876-540: Was once the city of South Jacksonville is known as San Marco, while South Jacksonville or Southside is used for a much wider section of southern Duval County. The area which is now San Marco was occupied continuously long before what is now Downtown Jacksonville. It was the site of the ferry that crossed the Cow Ford , and was the site of plantations from the 18th century. After the Civil War these gave way to residential developments, including Oklahoma and South Jacksonville,

12992-564: Was piloted in 1996 in 30 primary schools on different continents, and the first PYP school was authorized in 1997, with 87 authorized schools in 43 countries within five years. The IB Career-related Programme (formerly IB Career-related Certificate ) was first offered in 2012. Alec Peterson was IB's first director general (1968–1977), followed by Gérard Renaud (1977–1983), Roger Peel (1983–1998), Derek Blackman (1998–1999), George Walker (1999–2005), Jeffrey Beard (2006–2013) and Siva Kumari (2013–2021). As of May 2021, Olli-Pekka Heinonen ,

13108-469: Was subjected to rigorous testing by educational statistical specialists to ensure our methods were robust. It was also checked against the last five years' sets of results data," an IB spokesman said. In July 2020, the IB released its results for the Diploma Programme and Career-related Programme candidates enrolled in the May 2020 session. Over 17,000 signatories signed an online petition calling for

13224-437: Was the source of its name. These included a racetrack , the forerunner to Jacksonville's sports venues. Fairfield was incorporated as a city; in 1887 all three communities were among those annexed by Jacksonville. They soon grew into one continuous neighborhood. San Marco is a neighborhood south of Downtown Jacksonville, across the St. Johns River. Its origins are with the former city of South Jacksonville. Today, most of what

13340-546: Was to "provide an internationally acceptable university admissions qualification suitable for the growing mobile population of young people whose parents were part of the world of diplomacy, international and multinational organizations" by offering standardized courses and assessments for students aged 16 to 19. International Baccalaureate North America (IBNA) was established in 1975 by Peter Nehr, International Baccalaureate Africa, Europe and Middle-East (IBAEM) in 1986, and International Baccalaureate Asia Pacific (IBAP) during

13456-496: Was unfair to black or low-income students, or students from smaller schools. Others complained about the lack of transparency and fair process of the grades' appeal process. In August 2020, amidst the continuing coronavirus pandemic, the IB announced a series of comprehensive amendments to its scheduled examinations in May 2021. They were inclusive of a few assessment components being discounted (for select subjects), and others being revised in length or syllabi. On 4 February 2021,

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