37-711: The Rural Life Living Museum is in Tilford , Surrey near Farnham in southern England . Formerly known as the Old Kiln Agricultural Museum and the Rural Life Centre , it is an open-air museum of country life run by the Old Kiln Museum Trust , a charitable trust . It covers over 10 acres (40,000 m) of field, woodland and barns, and collects and preserves objects associated with farming and goods used by local craftsmen between 1750 and 1960. There
74-622: A negligible percentage of households living rent-free). Waverley Abbey Waverley Abbey was the first Cistercian abbey in England , founded in 1128 by William Giffard , the Bishop of Winchester . Located about 2 miles (3.2 km) southeast of Farnham , Surrey , it is situated on a flood-plain ; surrounded by current and previous channels of the River Wey . It was damaged on more than one occasion by severe flooding, resulting in rebuilding in
111-556: A time, the Abbot of Waverley Abbey claimed precedence over all the other Cistercian Abbots in England; however, this was disputed by the Abbot of Furness Abbey . The 13th century was a difficult time for the abbey. In July 1201 the abbey was flooded "and all but carried away" by a storm which caused the abbey's crops to fail. The abbey was rebuilt during the 13th century, and much of the remains visible today date from this period. Construction on
148-600: Is a village and civil parish centred at the point where the two branches of the River Wey merge in Surrey , England, 3 miles (4.8 km) south-east of Farnham . It has half of Charleshill, Elstead in its east, a steep northern outcrop of the Greensand Ridge at Crooksbury Hill on Crooksbury Common in the north and Farnham Common (woodland) Nature Reserve in the west, which has the Rural Life Living Museum . As
185-415: Is also an arboretum with over one hundred species of trees. The museum displays farming through the seasons, local hop growing, tools and crafts allied to country industries and needs. The social history of village life from the 19th century is displayed covering school life, domestic work, period shops and trades. There is a working iron furnace and a woodyard, both run by the volunteers. It also hosts
222-697: Is now separated from the ruins by an artificial lake. During the First World War the house was the first country house to be converted into a military hospital. It treated over 5,000 soldiers. Part of the former abbey site formed part of the defenses called the " GHQ Line ", set up to protect London during the Second World War . The abbey precinct contains numerous WWII relics including anti-tank gun emplacements, possible auxiliary unit bases, "hideouts", pillboxes , "anti-tank pimples" and "cylinders", and anti-tank roadblocks and ditches. Following
259-403: The 2 ft ( 610 mm ) narrow gauge Old Kiln Light Railway and a Blacksmith's forge . The museum was originally assembled as a private collection by Henry and Madge Jackson, starting from 1948 when they moved into the adjacent Old Kiln Cottage. The Old Kiln Agricultural Museum itself first opened in 1973, originally occupying Henry's Yard , a small part of the current site. In 1984
296-426: The River Wey forming the southern and eastern boundaries. In addition to the core abbey complex, the precinct contained buildings such as the brewhouse and features such as fishponds to supply food. Only part of the abbey remains standing, with the ruins dating from the abbey's 13th-century reconstruction. The most substantial remains are that of the vaulted undercroft, or cellar, of the lay brother's refectory, and
333-425: The grange at Northolt . Faramus of Boulogne , nephew of King Stephen , sold the manor of Wanborough to the abbey for 125 marks of silver. The abbey's endowment and privileges were confirmed by charters issued by King Richard I and King John . Despite the donations, the abbey was described as "slenderly endowed", and was recorded as having an income of only £98 1s. 8d. in the 1291 Taxation Roll. 'A History of
370-493: The 13th century. Despite being the first Cistercian abbey in England, and being motherhouse to several other abbeys, Waverley was "slenderly endowed" and its monks are recorded as having endured poverty and famine. The abbey was suppressed in 1536 as part of King Henry VIII 's Dissolution of the Monasteries . Subsequently, largely demolished, its stone was reused in local buildings, likely including "Waverley Abbey House", which
407-481: The County of Surrey' states: "Contrasted with the vast estates of a foundation like Bermondsey [Abbey], such a modest rent roll sinks into insignificance". Despite the small income, the abbey seems to have been home to a large number of monks, with 120 lay brothers and 70 religious brothers recorded in 1187. Within the abbey's first 200 years, seven of the abbey's monks were chosen to become abbots at other monasteries. As
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#1733085446346444-470: The Exchequer, to a design by Colen Campbell , possibly for the use of John's brother William , who had recently returned from India. William died the same year and the house was sold to Charles Child of Guildford, who in turn sold it to Thomas Orby Hunter in 1847. Later in the century Orby Hunter added wings, with further additions by Sir Robert Rich, 5th Baronet before 1786. It was bought around 1796 by
481-640: The Greensand Ridge in its western section is in two parts, the Greensand Way has a connecting spur here to its main route running east–west to the south. The name "Tilford" appears to identify the Old English name Tila, as Tila's ford " or "Tilla's ford". The two medieval bridges spanning the River Wey are Scheduled Ancient Monuments . Several substantial farm houses date from the 16th century. Tilford House
518-401: The abbey as having a clear annual income of £174 8s. 3½d. As such it was dissolved with the lesser (poorer) monasteries in 1536, as part of King Henry VIII 's Dissolution of the Monasteries . There were only thirteen monks in the community at the time. The following is a list of the abbots of Waverley Abbey. Following dissolution the former abbey was granted to Sir William Fitzherbert, who
555-499: The abbey land at Neatham, and ("at the request of his brother") freed the abbey from the military obligations usually required of feudal landlords ( Frankalmoin ), and excused the abbey from the payment of certain taxes including the Danegeld . The abbey was freed from further taxes (tithes) by a papal bull issued by Pope Eugenius III in 1147. The abbey's endowment was added to by Adeliza of Louvain (wife of King Henry I ), who donated
592-432: The abbey's bridges and property. Another flood on 28 November 1265 flooded the abbey's lower buildings forcing the monks "to take refuge in the church". In 1291 the abbey was described as in "grievous poverty" after their crops had failed. The Annals of Waverley , written by the monks, records notable national and international events from the 10th to the late 13th centuries. The Valor Ecclesiasticus of 1535 records
629-470: The boundary with Seale , with a marked 180° south-facing panorama on OS maps and other guides, taking in much of Alice Holt Forest and the Greensand Ridge . This has contributed to the inclusion wholesale of Tilford into the Surrey Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty The centre of the parish on the River Wey is at 49-50m OD. The village centres on a triangular green used for cricket in
666-479: The church was not completed, however, until 1278 (74/5 years after it began), when Nicholas de Ely, Bishop of Winchester blessed the church in honor of the Virgin Mary. The blessing was followed by a feast supposedly attended by 7,066 people; including six abbots and many knights and ladies. The abbey's difficult century continued with further floods in 1233; up to 8 ft in height, the flood destroyed several of
703-697: The first Cistercian Abbey in England, it became motherhouse of several other Cistercian houses: including Garendon Abbey , founded in Leicestershire by Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester ; Forde Abbey , founded in Dorset by Richard de Brioniis; Coombe Abbey , founded in Warwickshire by Richard de Camville; and Thame Abbey , founded in Oxfordshire by Alexander, Bishop of Lincoln . Many of these became mother-houses themselves, to other Cistercian monasteries. For
740-492: The hero of his novel Waverley . He did not himself say that this name was connected with Waverley Abbey, but Leslie Stephen , writing in the 1897 Dictionary of National Biography , stated "The name was probably suggested by Waverley Abbey, near Farnham, which was within a ride of Ellis's house where he had been recently staying." Waverley Abbey was featured in Arthur Conan Doyle 's classical romance, Sir Nigel . It
777-494: The merchant John (later Poulett) Thomson, from Sir Charles Rich, 1st Baronet. He sold it about 1832 to George Thomas Nicholson , who rebuilt it after a fire in 1833. In the 20th century Waverley Abbey was owned by the Anderson family. Rupert Darnley Anderson , son of Thomas Darnley Anderson of Liverpool, inherited it from his brother Charles Rupert Anderson in 1894. His father had purchased it around 1869. Waverley Abbey House
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#1733085446346814-620: The museum trust was created to secure the museum's future, and the museum was renamed as the Rural Life Centre. Madge and Henry both died in the early years of the 21st century. In 2019 the museum obtained further funding and was again renamed, this time to the Rural Life Living Museum. This article relating to a museum in the United Kingdom is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Tilford Tilford
851-479: The new abbey church began in March 1203-04, financed by William, Rector of Broadwater; however, the abbey's monks were struck by famine and forced to beg food from other monastic houses. Following a dispute with the pope, in 1208 King John confiscated all ecclesiastical property; however, the same year he spent "the last days of Holy Week" at Waverley Abbey, and allowed the return of its possessions to allow them to continue
888-450: The new abbey with all the land within the parish of Waverley, two acres of meadow at Elstead , and gave the monks permission to cut wood from his woodland at Farnham . Giffard's successor as Bishop of Winchester, Henry of Blois (younger brother of King Stephen ) donated a virgate (30 acres) of land at Wandford and gave further rights at Farnham, with permission to "dig turf, heath, stone and sand". Henry's brother King Stephen granted
925-481: The pope ended. The persecution of Waverley appears to have ended by October 1214, when the abbot was sent on official business on behalf of the King. The church's construction appears to have carried on throughout the difficult period, as on 10 July 1214 five altars were consecrated by Albin, Bishop of Ferns . In 1225 the abbey was visited by King Henry III ; he took communion at the abbey on 16 December 1225. Construction of
962-625: The reconstruction of the church. Two years later, after the Cistercian order refused to give in to John's demands for money, John withdrew all of the abbey's privileges. Many of the monks fled the abbey and, in fear, the abbot "fled away by night". King John then issued a decree forbidding any Cistercians to enter or leave the country. In 1212 John confiscated all of the Cistercian Order's property using "false letters" which "reigned their property to him". The situation improved when John's dispute with
999-461: The ruins restored in 1966 when the site was under the care of the Ministry of Works. The ruins, Waverley Abbey House, and the surrounding land were all designated a conservation area in 1989. Waverley Abbey House is protected as a Grade II* Listed Building, while the abbey ruins are a scheduled monument. A yew tree ( Taxus baccata ), which is nearly 500 years old, grows on the ruins of the walls on
1036-555: The southeast corner of the church. In 2022, it won the UK Tree of the Year competition organised by the Woodland Trust . In 2014, an English Heritage report identified that there is a high risk of flooding at Waverley Abbey. It detailed an "extensive threat to the south half of the estate", affecting exposed footings, masonry and land surface. Walter Scott chose the name "Waverley" for
1073-630: The summer. Beside the green is a well-known tree, the Tilford Oak. In the early 21st century the tree was estimated to be at least 800 years old. In 1908 Eric Parker wrote about the Tilford Oak in Highways and Byways in Surrey : Parker measured the girth again in 1934 and found it to be 1 foot more. The tree's branches have been lopped in recent years and the trunk is patched with iron sheets. There are three other "British Oaks" nearby, planted at each corner of
1110-404: The triangular green, to commemorate: All Saints Church of England Infant School occupies an attractive site overlooking the green. Waverley Abbey Church of England school is in the village. The name is derived from Waverley Abbey . Tilford, hosts a team in the sport of cricket , which in 2014 won a local village league. The Tilford Bach Festival founded by Denys Darlow has been held in
1147-434: The village since 1952. The average level of accommodation in the region composed of detached houses was 28%, the average that was apartments was 22.6%. The proportion of households in the civil parish who owned their home outright compares to the regional average of 35.1%. The proportion who owned their home with a loan compares to the regional average of 32.5%. The remaining percentage is made up of rented dwellings (plus
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1184-483: The walls of the monk's dormitory, which largely survive to roof height. There also survives the remains of the chapter house and traces of the north and south transepts of the abbey church. Earthworks in the eastern portion of the abbey's precinct reveal the remains of several fishponds and a "water supply system". The site was excavated by the Surrey Archaeological Society between 1890 and 1903, and
1221-476: The wars Waverley Abbey House became a nursing home. In 1983 it was purchased (and subsequently restored) by the Christian not-for-profit organisation, CWR . The house is currently used by CWR as a training and conference centre. The ruins of the original abbey are managed by English Heritage and open to the public. Waverley Abbey followed the typical arrangement of English Monasteries. The Abbey church, which
1258-474: Was around 91 meters long, sat to the north of the monastic complex. To the south of the church was the cloister , the eastern range of which contained the chapter house and monk's dormitory. The southern range of the cloister contained the refectory and latrines. The eastern range contained the lay brothers' refectory and dormitory. The cemetery was located to the east and north of the abbey church. The abbey's immediate precinct occupied around 50 acres, with
1295-590: Was built in 1723 in the northern portion of the former abbey precinct. Waverley Abbey House, the ruins of the abbey and the surrounding land are all part of a conservation area. The house is a Grade II* listed building and the ruins a scheduled monument . The ruins of the abbey are currently managed by English Heritage and open to the public. Waverley Abbey was founded by Bishop William Giffard on 24 November 1128. The first abbot and 12 monks were brought from L'Aumône Abbey in Normandy , France. Giffard endowed
1332-506: Was built in 1727 and its chapel in 1776. In the mid eighteenth century the village was owned by Elizabeth Abney, daughter of Lady Mary Abney ; and her detailed local survey map has survived to this day in the British Library . During the second world war, Cdr D J L 'Tim' Foster (RN Rtd), who later lived in the village, brought back from northern Russia a reindeer (named Minsk) in his submarine HMS Tigris. The land reaches 163m OD on
1369-465: Was the treasurer of the king's household. The abbey itself was mostly demolished, with stone reused in local building work including at Loseley Park . Waverley Abbey House was built within the former abbey precinct, just north of the core abbey ruins. The east service court contains masonry from an earlier building, thought to date from the period just after the dissolution. The house was constructed in 1725 for Sir John Aislabie , former Chancellor of
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