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63-485: In 1972, Ocean Way founder Allen Sides opened a studio he had built in a 3 1/2-car garage on Ocean Way in Santa Monica, California , for the purpose of demonstrating tri-amplified loudspeakers of his own design. In 1977, Sides, who had worked as a runner at United Western Recorders in the late 1960s, purchased enough equipment from Bill Putnam 's company UREI to completely fill the garage space for just $ 6,000, attracting

126-618: A 200,000 gallon cistern that collects filtered stormwater from the roof. The water is used for landscape irrigation. Since 2009, Santa Monica has been developing the Zero Waste Strategic Operations Plan by which the city will set a goal of diverting at least 95% of all waste away from landfills, and toward recycling and composting, by 2030. The plan includes a food waste composting program, which diverts 3 million pounds of restaurant food waste away from landfills annually. As of 2013 , 77% of all solid waste produced citywide

189-425: A 2009 estimate, the median income for a household in the city was $ 71,095, and the median income for a family was $ 109,410. Males had a median income of $ 55,689 versus $ 42,948 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 42,874. 10.4% of the population and 5.4% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 9.9% of those under the age of 18 and 10.2% of those 65 and older were living below

252-459: A Climate Action and Adaptation Plan aimed at achieving an 80% cut in carbon emissions by 2030, and reaching community-wide carbon neutrality by 2050 or sooner. An urban runoff facility (SMURFF), the first of its kind in the US, catches and treats 3.5 million US gallons (13,000 m ) of water each week that would otherwise flow into the bay via storm-drains and sells it back to end-users within

315-587: A Community Energy Independence Initiative, with a goal of achieving complete energy independence by 2020 (vs. California's already ambitious 33% renewables goal ). The city exceeded that aspiration when, in February 2019, it switched over to electricity from the Clean Power Alliance, with a citywide default of 100% renewably sourced energy . That same year, the Santa Monica City Council adopted

378-450: A female householder with no husband present, 1,327 (2.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,867 (6.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 416 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 22,716 households (48.4%) were made up of individuals, and 5,551 (11.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.87. There were 17,929 families (38.2% of all households);

441-519: A member of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors in 1854 for the 3rd district. He served as Vice-Alcalde of Los Angeles (vice-mayor) in 1845. He was granted Rancho de los Palos Verdes , in conjunction with his brother José Loreto, by Governor Pío Pico in 1846. José Loreto Sepúlveda was born in 1815 in Los Angeles, to José Dolores Sepúlveda and María Ignacia Marcia Ávila. He

504-767: A pair of springs, the Kuruvungna Springs , that were reminiscent of the tears Saint Monica shed over her son's early impiety. In 1839, Governor Juan Bautista Alvarado granted Rancho San Vicente y Santa Mónica to Francisco Sepúlveda II, of the Sepúlveda family of California . As the definitions of the rancho grant were not precise, the Sepúlveda family came into conflict with the neighboring Rancho Boca de Santa Mónica , owned by Ysidro Reyes and Francisco Márquez. A small Californio community grew up on Rancho San Vicente y Santa Mónica, made up primarily of vaqueros working on

567-539: A problem for Santa Monica than elsewhere around Los Angeles. However, from September through November, the Santa Ana winds sometimes blow from the east, bringing smoggy and hot inland air to the beaches. The hottest temperature ever reported in Santa Monica was 100 °F (38 °C) on November 1, 1966, while the lowest is 33 °F (1 °C) on March 1, 1945, and again on March 21, 1952. The highest minimum temperature

630-464: A ranchero, having been granted permission to herd livestock on Rancho San Pedro . José Dolores Sepúlveda married María Ignacia Marcia Ávila in 1813 at Mission San Gabriel Arcángel . Beginning in 1810, he began to herd his livestock on Rancho San Pedro ; this formed the basis for the Sepúlveda family's claim to the rancho. In 1824, he travelled to Monterey to plead his case before Governor Luis Antonio Argüello . On his voyage back to Los Angeles, he

693-519: A rebate for those who convert lawns to drought-tolerant gardens that require less water. Santa Monica has also instituted a green building-code whereby merely constructing to code automatically renders a building equivalent to the US Green Building Council's LEED Silver standards . The city's Main Library is one of many LEED certified or LEED equivalent buildings in the city. It is built over

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756-553: A soldier at the Presidio of San Diego from the mid-1790s until 1802, when he was transferred to Mission San Gabriel Arcángel . He retired and died in 1808, in San Gabriel and was buried at the mission. Francisco Sepúlveda II was born in 1775, as the youngest son of Francisco Xavier Sepúlveda and María Candelaria de Redondo. He married María Teodora Ramona Serrano in 1802 at Mission San Diego de Alcalá . In 1831, he participated in

819-519: A total of 17.82 inches (453 mm) of rainfall. The wettest year on record is 1998, with a total of 25.4 inches (650 mm) of rainfall; the driest is 1989, with a total of 4.04 inches (103 mm) of rainfall. The city first proposed its Sustainable City Plan in 1992 and in 1994, was one of the first cities in the nation to formally adopt a comprehensive sustainability plan, setting waste reduction and water conservation policies for both public and private sector through its Office of Sustainability and

882-424: Is Woodlawn Memorial . Santa Monica has several local newspapers including Santa Monica Daily Press , Santa Monica Mirror , and Santa Monica Star . Santa Monica rests on a mostly flat slope that angles down toward Ocean Avenue and toward the south. High bluffs separate the north side of the city from the beaches. Santa Monica borders the L.A. neighborhoods of Pacific Palisades to the north and Venice to

945-456: Is 72 °F (22 °C) on October 24, 2007, and the lowest maximum temperature is 51 °F (11 °C) on 4 dates in February 2001 and again March 10, 2006. The snowiest months on record are January 1954 and March 1955, both with trace amounts. They are the only months to ever report snowfall. Many months have reported no rainfall at all. Conversely, the wettest month on record is January 1995 with

1008-601: Is a city in Los Angeles County , situated along Santa Monica Bay on California 's South Coast . Santa Monica's 2020 U.S. Census population was 93,076. Santa Monica is a popular resort town , owing to its climate, beaches, and hospitality industry. It has a diverse economy, hosting headquarters of companies such as Hulu , Activision Blizzard , Universal Music Group , Starz Entertainment , Illumination and The Recording Academy . Santa Monica traces its history to Rancho San Vicente y Santa Mónica , granted in 1839 to

1071-471: Is a common phenomenon in May, June, July and early August (caused by ocean temperature variations and currents). Like other inhabitants of the greater Los Angeles area, residents have a particular terminology for this phenomenon: the "May Gray", the " June Gloom " and even "Fogust". Overcast skies are common on June mornings, but usually the strong sun burns the fog off by noon. In the late winter/early summer, daily fog

1134-457: Is a phenomenon too. It happens suddenly and it may last some hours or past sunset time. Nonetheless, it will sometimes stay cloudy and cool all day during June, even as other parts of the Los Angeles area experience sunny skies and warmer temperatures. At times, the sun can be shining east of 20th Street while the beach area is overcast. As a general rule, the beach temperature is from 5 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit (3 to 6 degrees Celsius) cooler than it

1197-1265: Is an increasing challenge, and will become worse due to sea level rise . Starting in 2016, local environmental groups began dune and beach restoration projects. The 2020 United States Census reported Santa Monica had a population of 93,076. This corresponds to density of 11,067.3 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Santa Monica was 63,383 (68.1%) white , 8,602 (9.2%) Asian , 3,776 (4.1%) Black or African American , 539 (0.6%) American Indian and Alaska Native , 123 (0.1%) Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander , 5,347 (5.7%) some other race , and 11,306 (12.1%) people were of two or more races. Including all responses for people of two or more races, 73,996 (79.5%) were white alone or in combination with one or more other races, 11,864 (12.7%) were Asian alone or in combination with one or more other races, 5,459 (5.9%) were Black or African American alone or in combination, 1,877 (2.0%) were American Indian and Alaska Native alone or in combination, 415 (0.4%) were Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander alone or in combination, and 11,619 (12.5%) were some other race alone or in combination with one or more other races. 13,544 (14.6%) were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of those, 2,729 (2.9% of

1260-405: Is buried at Mission San Gabriel Arcángel . Juan José Sepúlveda was born in 1764, as the eldest son of Francisco Xavier Sepúlveda and María Candelaria de Redondo. He married Tomasa Gutiérrez at Mission San Juan Capistrano in 1786, with whom he had three children. Following Gutiérrez's death, Sepúlveda remarried to Mariana Díaz Lorenzana in 1804 at Mission San Diego de Alcalá . He served as

1323-447: Is diverted from landfills. Environmentally focused initiatives include curbside recycling, curbside composting bins (in addition to trash, yard-waste, and recycle bins), farmers' markets, community gardens, garden-share, an urban forest initiative, a hazardous materials home-collection service, and a green business certification. As in other coastal beach communities, coastal erosion due to coastal infrastructure and high human usage

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1386-509: Is inland during summer days, and 5 to 10 degrees warmer during winter nights. It is also in September that the highest temperatures tend to be reached. It is winter, however, when the hot, dry winds of the Santa Anas are most common. In contrast, temperatures exceeding 10 degrees below average are rare. The rainy season is from late October through late March. Winter storms usually approach from

1449-629: The Douglas Aircraft Company . In 1924, four Douglas-built planes took off from Clover Field to attempt the first aerial circumnavigation of the world. Two planes returned after covering 27,553 miles (44,342 km) in 175 days, and were greeted on their return September 23, 1924, by a crowd of 200,000. The Douglas Company (later McDonnell Douglas ) kept facilities in the city until the 1970s. The Great Depression hit Santa Monica deeply. One report gives citywide employment in 1933 of just 1,000. Hotels and office building owners went bankrupt. In

1512-541: The Santa Monica Freeway ) experiences some gang activity. The city estimates there are about 50 gang members based in Santa Monica, although some community organizers dispute this claim. Gang activity has been prevalent for decades in the Pico neighborhood. In October 1998, alleged Culver City 13 gang member Omar Sevilla of Culver City was killed. A couple of hours after the shooting of Sevilla, German tourist Horst Fietze

1575-579: The Santa Monica Mountains , connects Los Angeles and the San Fernando Valley , alongside Sepulveda Dam , are both named for the family. Sepulveda, Los Angeles , a neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley , is now commonly known as the North Hills, is named for the family. Several former estates and homes of the family are now historic landmarks, including: Numerous schools are named after

1638-618: The Santa Monica Pier , Ocean Park , and the Hotel Casa del Mar . The Tongva are Indigenous to the Santa Monica area. The village of Comicranga was established in the Santa Monica area. One of the village's notable residents was Victoria Reid , who was the daughter of the chief of the village. During the Spanish period, she was taken to Mission San Gabriel from her parents at the age of six. The first non-indigenous group to set foot in

1701-409: The Sepúlveda family of California . The rancho was later sold to John P. Jones and Robert Baker , who in 1875, along with his Californio heiress wife Arcadia Bandini de Stearns Baker , founded Santa Monica, which incorporated as a city in 1886. The city developed into a seaside resort during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with the creation of tourist attractions such as Palisades Park ,

1764-685: The Warner Brothers Studios prepared elaborate camouflage that disguised the factory and airfield. The RAND Corporation began as a project of the Douglas Company in 1945, and spun off into an independent think tank on May 14, 1948. RAND acquired a 15-acre (61,000 m ) campus across the street from the Civic Center and is still there today. The completion of the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium in 1958 eliminated Belmar,

1827-506: The 1930s, corruption infected Santa Monica (along with neighboring Los Angeles ). The federal Works Project Administration helped build several buildings, most notably City Hall. The main Post Office and Barnum Hall ( Santa Monica High School auditorium) were also among other WPA projects. Douglas's business grew with the onset of World War II , employing as many as 44,000 people in 1943. To defend against air attack, set designers from

1890-510: The Environment. Eighty-two percent of the city's public works vehicles run on alternative fuels, including most of the municipal bus system, making it among the largest such fleets in the country. Santa Monica fleet vehicles and buses source their natural gas from Redeem, a Southern California-based supplier of renewable and sustainable natural gas obtained from non-fracked methane biogas generated from organic landfill waste. Santa Monica adopted

1953-464: The Hispanic population respectively. The Census reported 87,610 people (97.6% of the population) lived in households, 1,299 (1.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 827 (0.9%) were institutionalized. There were 46,917 households, out of which 7,835 (16.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 13,092 (27.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3,510 (7.5%) had

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2016-658: The Santa Monica Police Department has suggested the actual per-capita crime rate is much lower, as tourists, workers, and beachgoers can increase the city's daytime population to between 250,000 and 450,000 people. Hate crime has typically been minimal in Santa Monica, with only one reported incident in 2007. The city experienced a spike of anti-Islamic hate crime in 2001 after the September 11 attacks , but hate crime levels returned to their minimal 2000 levels by 2002. The Pico neighborhood of Santa Monica (south of

2079-637: The United States to Mexico , which he served as until 1897. He died in 1916 and is buried at Mission Santa Barbara . The family is the namesake of Sepulveda Boulevard , a vital thoroughfare in Los Angeles and the longest street in Los Angeles County . Sepulveda station in Van Nuys and Expo/Sepulveda station in West Los Angeles both bear the name of the family. Sepulveda Pass , which passes through

2142-575: The Western building and its contents to Sides, who later also acquired the United building. Sides renamed the United Western Studios complex Ocean Way Recording after the location of his former garage studio. Ocean Way Studios operated the two-building complex from 1985 until 1999, when the former Western Studios building at 6000 Sunset Boulevard was partitioned, sold, and renamed Cello Studios. In 2006,

2205-414: The area was the party of explorer Gaspar de Portolá , which camped near the present-day intersection of Barrington and Ohio Avenues on August 3, 1769. There are two different accounts of how the city's name came to be. One says it was named in honor of the feast day of Saint Monica (mother of Saint Augustine ), but her feast day is May 4. Another version says it was named by Juan Crespí on account of

2268-560: The attention of Putnam. Sides and Putnam became friends and business partners, and Putnam offered Sides exclusive rights to sell UREI and United Western Studios' surplus equipment, providing Sides and his studio with a wide variety of studio equipment. In 1976, after the lease on Sides' garage studio was abruptly canceled, Putnam provided space at United Western Recorders, leasing United Studio B to Sides. Six years later, Sides lease at United Western expanded to include United Studio A. When Putnam sold his companies to Harman in 1984, Harman sold

2331-655: The average family size was 2.79. The population was spread out, with 12,580 people (14.0%) under the age of 18, 6,442 people (7.2%) aged 18 to 24, 32,552 people (36.3%) aged 25 to 44, 24,746 people (27.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 13,416 people (15.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.2 males. There were 50,912 housing units at an average density of 6,049.5 units per square mile (2,335.7 units/km ), of which 13,315 (28.4%) were owner-occupied, and 33,602 (71.6%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate

2394-411: The city for reuse as gray-water, while bioswales throughout the city allow rainwater to percolate into and replenish the groundwater . The groundwater supply plays an important role in the city's Sustainable Water Master Plan, whereby Santa Monica has set a goal of attaining 100% water independence by 2020. The city has numerous programs designed to promote water conservation among residents, including

2457-430: The city. The population density was 10,178.7 inhabitants per square mile (3,930.0 inhabitants/km ). There were 47,863 housing units at an average density of 5,794.0 units per square mile (2,237.1 units/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 78.29% White , 7.25% Asian , 3.78% African American , 0.47% Native American , 0.10% Pacific Islander , 5.97% from other races , and 4.13% from two or more races. 13.44% of

2520-420: The family held extensive rancho grants and numerous important positions, including Alcalde de Los Ángeles ( Mayor of Los Angeles ), California State Assemblymen , and Los Angeles County Supervisor . Francisco Xavier Sepúlveda , born in 1747, is the founder of the family. He married María Candelaria de Redondo in 1762; they had six children. He came to California in 1781, as part a military regiment under

2583-469: The first African American community in the city, and the Santa Monica Freeway in 1966 decimated the Pico neighborhood that had been a leading African American enclave on the Westside . Beach volleyball is believed to have been developed by Duke Kahanamoku in Santa Monica during the 1920s. Santa Monica has two hospitals: Saint John's Health Center and Santa Monica-UCLA Medical Center . Its cemetery

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2646-660: The following year. In 2001, Sides and Belz sold the studios to Belmont University for use by the Mike Curb College of Entertainment & Music Business (CEMB). The university continues to operate the commercial studios, while also utilizing them as hands-on classrooms to teach audio engineering. Belmont University maintains license of the Ocean Way name and Sides remains a consultant. The Ocean Way Studios Group also included Record One studios in Sherman Oaks, California , which

2709-607: The leadership of the José de Züñiga . He served as a military escort for settlers arriving to the Pueblo de Los Ángeles as part of the efforts led by Fernando Rivera y Moncada , former Governor of the Californias . Subsequently, he settled in San Diego , serving at the Presidio of San Diego from 1781 to 1786. After retiring from military service, he settled in Los Angeles . He died in 1788 and

2772-461: The northwest and pass quickly through the Southland. There is very little rain during the rest of the year. Yearly rainfall totals are unpredictable as rainy years are occasionally followed by droughts. There has never been any snow or frost, but there has been hail. Santa Monica usually enjoys cool breezes blowing in from the ocean, which tend to keep the air fresh and clean. Therefore, smog is less of

2835-404: The occupied units were owner-occupied and 34,582 (72.9%) were renter-occupied. Of the vacant units, 2,540 (4.8% of total) were for rent, 230 (0.4%) were rented but not occupied, 183 (0.3%) were for sale only, 205 (0.4%) were sold but not occupied, 693 (1.3%) were for seasonal, recreational, or occasional use, and 1,100 (2.1%) were otherwise vacant. The median household income between 2017 and 2021

2898-415: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 44,497 households, out of which 15.8% had children under the age of 18, 27.5% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 62.3% were non-families. 51.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

2961-502: The poverty line. In 2006, crime in Santa Monica affected 4.41% of the population, slightly lower than the national average crime rate that year of 4.48%. The majority of this was property crime, which affected 3.74% of Santa Monica's population in 2006; this was higher than the rates for Los Angeles County (2.76%) and California (3.17%), but lower than the national average (3.91%). These per-capita crime rates are computed based on Santa Monica's full-time population of about 85,000. However,

3024-577: The rancho and their families. After the American conquest of California , Mexico signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo , which gave Mexicans and Californios living in state certain unalienable rights. U.S. government sovereignty in California began on February 2, 1848. In the 1870s, the Los Angeles and Independence Railroad connected Santa Monica with Los Angeles, and a wharf out into the bay. The first town hall

3087-481: The south. To the west, Santa Monica has a 3-mile coastline fronting Santa Monica Bay , and to the east of the city are the L.A. communities of West Los Angeles and Brentwood . Santa Monica has a coastal Mediterranean climate ( Köppen Csb ). It receives an average of 310 days of sunshine a year. It is in USDA plant hardiness zone 11a. Because of its location, nestled on the vast and open Santa Monica Bay, morning fog

3150-585: The studio again changed ownership, and has since been in operation as EastWest Studios . Ocean Way Studios continued operations in the building at 6050 Sunset Boulevard until 2013, when it was sold to Hudson Pacific Properties . Since 2015 it has been known as United Recording Studios. In 1995, Sides and Gary Belz purchased the 1911 Church of the Advent, a 100-year old Brownstone church building in Nashville's Music Row district, converting it to open Ocean Way Nashville

3213-446: The total population) were white alone, 153 (0.2%) were Black or African American alone, 410 (0.4%) were American Indian and Alaska Native alone, 136 (0.1%) were Asian alone, 14 (0.0%) were Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, 4,542 (4.9%) were some other race alone, and 5,560 (6.0%) were two or more races. The census reported that Santa Monica had 52,389 housing units. Of those, 47,438 (90.5%) were occupied. 12,856 (27.1%) of

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3276-424: The uprising against Manuel Victoria , then Governor of Alta California , and was subsequently imprisoned. Francisco served as commissioner of Mission San Juan Capistrano between 1836 and 1837. Governor Juan Bautista Alvarado granted him Rancho San Vicente y Santa Monica in 1839. José Dolores Sepúlveda was born in 1793, to Juan José Sepúlveda and Tomasa Gutiérrez. Beginning in 1810, he began his life as

3339-783: Was $ 99,847 (2021 dollars), with 10.6% of people living in poverty. 94.8% of households had a computer between 2017 and 2021, and 91.0% had broadband internet access. The 2010 United States Census reported Santa Monica had a population of 89,736. The population density was 10,662.6 inhabitants per square mile (4,116.9/km ). The racial makeup of Santa Monica was 69,663 (77.6%) White (70.1% Non-Hispanic White), 3,526 (3.9%) African American , 338 (0.4%) Native American , 8,053 (9.0%) Asian , 124 (0.1%) Pacific Islander , 4,047 (4.5%) from other races , and 3,985 (4.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11,716 persons (13.1%), with Mexican Americans , Spanish Americans , and Argentine Americans making up 64.2%, 6.4%, and 4.7% of

3402-445: Was 1.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.1%. 30,067 people (33.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 57,543 people (64.1%) lived in rental housing units. According to the 2010 United States Census, Santa Monica had a median household income of $ 73,649, with 11.2% of the population living below the federal poverty line. As of the census of 2000, there were 84,084 people, 44,497 households, and 16,775 families in

3465-505: Was 1.83 and the average family size was 2.80. The city of Santa Monica is consistently among the most educated cities in the United States, with 23.8 percent of all residents holding graduate degrees. The population was diverse in age, with 14.6% under 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 40.1% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% 65 years or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.3 males. According to

3528-647: Was acquired by Sides in 1988, and another Ocean Way Studio location in Saint Barthélemy. Ocean Way Recording no longer operates recording facilities. Sides is also the founder of Ocean Way Audio, a manufacturer of speaker systems. Ocean Way Drums, a partnership between Sides and producer Steven Miller , produces virtual instrument software. 34°05′52″N 118°19′17″W  /  34.09789°N 118.32131°W  / 34.09789; -118.32131 Santa Monica, California Santa Monica ( Spanish for ' Saint Monica '; Spanish : Santa Mónica )

3591-760: Was admitted to the California State Bar . He was elected as a member of the California State Assembly , serving from 1863 to 1865. He was subsequently elected as a Los Angeles County Judge in 1869 and then as a District Judge in 1874. He served on the first board of directors of the Los Angeles Public Library in 1872. He became a judge of the Los Angeles County Superior Court in 1879, serving until 1884. In 1895, President Cleveland appointed him as Chargé d'Affaires of

3654-696: Was an 1873 brick building, later a beer hall, and now part of the Santa Monica Hostel . By 1885, the town's first hotel was the Santa Monica Hotel. Amusement piers became popular in the first decades of the 20th century and the extensive Pacific Electric Railway brought people to the city's beaches from across the Greater Los Angeles Area . Around the start of the 20th century, a growing population of Asian Americans lived in and around Santa Monica and Venice. A Japanese fishing village

3717-619: Was born in 1824 in Los Angeles , to Francisco Sepúlveda II and María Teodora Ramona Serrano. He served as the 2nd Los Angeles County Assessor , from 1857 to 1858. He was elected as a member of the Los Angeles Common Council , serving from 1853 to 1854. He was married to María de Jesus Alvarado, a member of the Pico family . He died in 1868 in Los Angeles. Juan Capistrano Sepúlveda was born in 1814 in San Gabriel , to José Dolores Sepúlveda and María Ignacia Marcia Ávila. He served as

3780-424: Was granted Rancho de los Palos Verdes , in conjunction with his brother Juan Capistrano, by Governor Pío Pico in 1846. He served one term as Alcalde of Los Angeles (mayor), in 1837, and four terms as Vice-Alcalde of Los Angeles (vice-mayor), in 1839 to 1840, 1842, 1846, and 1848. Ygnacio Sepúlveda was born in 1842 in Los Angeles, to José Andrés Sepúlveda and María Francisca Paula Ávila y Ruíz. In 1863, he

3843-563: Was killed at Mission La Purísima Concepción , during the Chumash Revolt of 1824 . In 1834, ten years after his death, Governor José Figueroa made a ruling in the land claim for Rancho San Pedro, awarding José Dolores's sons, Juan Capistrano and José Loreto, the Rancho de los Palos Verdes . The José Dolores Sepúlveda Adobe in Torrance is a California Historical Landmark . Juan María Sepúlveda

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3906-490: Was killed. Several days later Juan Martin Campos, a Santa Monica city employee, was shot and killed. Police believe this was a retaliatory killing in response to Sevilla's killing. Less than 24 hours later, Javier Cruz was wounded in a drive-by shooting outside his home on 17th and Michigan. Sep%C3%BAlveda family of California The Sepúlveda family is a prominent Californio family of Southern California . Members of

3969-667: Was near the Long Wharf while small numbers of Chinese lived or worked in Santa Monica and Venice. The two ethnic minorities were often viewed differently by White Americans, who were often well-disposed toward the Japanese but condescending to the Chinese. The Japanese village fishermen were an integral economic part of the Santa Monica Bay community. Donald Wills Douglas Sr. built a plant in 1922 at Clover Field ( Santa Monica Airport ) for

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