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39-544: The Organized Crime Control Bureau was headed by Bureau Chief Thomas P. Purtell when it was disbanded. Formed after the Knapp Commission investigations into police corruption, all investigations within the bureau were conducted by specially structured teams, in an effort to reduce the chance of corruption. Following the 2008 Mumbai attacks , officers from the OCCB were trained in the use of Ruger Mini-14s to provide support to

78-563: A licentious figure who facilitates the affair between the protagonists in Troilus and Criseyde , a poem by Geoffrey Chaucer . Pandarus appears with a similar role in Shakespeare 's interpretation of the story, Troilus and Cressida . Pimps and madams are diverse and varied, depending on the strata in which they work, and they enter and leave the sex industry for a variety of internal and external reasons, such as family pressure, interactions with

117-612: A location where the prostitute may solicit clients . Like prostitution, the legality of certain actions of a madam or a pimp vary from one region to the next. Examples of procuring include: The term procurer derives from the French procureur . The word pimp first appeared in English in 1600, in Ben Jonson ’s play Every Man out of his Humor . It is of unknown origin, while there are several hypotheses about its etymology. Pimp used as

156-408: A madam/pimp might provide. The madam/pimp–prostitute relationship is often understood to be abusive and possessive, with the pimp/madam using techniques such as psychological intimidation, manipulation, starvation, rape and/or gang rape, beating, tattooing to mark the woman as "theirs", confinement, threats of violence toward the victim's family, forced drug use and the shame from these acts. In

195-436: A pimp into three distinct categories: "low-profile" (primarily female), "hustlers" (predominantly male and violent, marking the common stereotype), and "abused" (even male–female split, more likely to be subjected to violence than to commit it). Where prostitution is decriminalized or regulated , procuring may or may not be legal. Procuring regulations differ widely from place to place. Procuring and brothels are legal in

234-447: A pimp subculture, finding them inaccurate exaggerations used to foster harmful policies. For example, one study found that pimps tend to drift in and out of pimping, with some of their goals and identities classified as predominantly mainstream, some as predominantly outside of that mainstream, and some as a hybrid of conventional and non-conventional. In 1999, the Hughes brothers released

273-543: A state anti-pandering statute. The State Supreme Court rejected this argument, finding that the California pandering statute was not intended to cover the hiring of actors who would be engaging in sexually explicit but non-obscene performances. It also stated that only in cases where the producer paid the actors for the purpose of sexually gratifying themselves or other actors, could the producer be charged with pandering under state law. This case effectively legalized pornography in

312-476: A verb, meaning to act as a pimp, first appeared around 1640 in Philip Massinger 's play, The Bashful Lover . In the 18th and 19th centuries, the term was commonly used to refer to informers . A pimp can also mean "a despicable person". Rapper Nelly tried to redefine the word "pimp" by saying that it is an acronym for "positive, intellectual, motivated person". He created a college scholarship with

351-401: Is a significant problem. Pimping rivals narcotic sales as a major source of funding for many gangs. Gangs need money to survive, and money equates to power and respect. While selling drugs may be lucrative for a gang, this activity often carries significant risk as stiff legal penalties and harsh mandatory minimum sentencing laws exist. However, with pimping, gang members still make money while

390-469: Is called a "guerrilla pimp", while those who use psychological trickery to deceive younger prostitutes into becoming hooked into the system are called "finesse pimps". In addition, a prostitute may "bounce" from pimp to pimp without paying the "pimp moving" tax. Some pimps in the United States are also documented gang members, which causes concerns for police agencies in jurisdictions where prostitution

429-410: Is considered in some pimp milieus to be "reckless eyeballing". Violence can also be used on customers, for example if the customer attempts to evade payment or becomes unruly with a prostitute. Some pimps employ what is known as the "Loverboy" or "Romeo pimp" method to recruit new prostitutes. This involves entrapping potential victims (usually young or vulnerable women) by first forming what appears to

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468-400: Is shaking down pimps and illicit drug dealers for money, not only for the material profit to the officers, but for the relief from guilt that the officers derive by convincing themselves that their victims deserve such treatment. They justify taking advantage of these kinds of criminals because they are considered the dregs of society. Pimp Procuring , pimping , or pandering is

507-452: Is used to describe police officers who "accept gratuities and solicit five, ten, twenty dollar payments from contractors, tow-truck operators, gamblers, and the like but do not pursue corruption payments". "Grass eating" is something that a significant number of officers are guilty of, but which they learned to do from other cops or from imitating the deviants they watch and investigate every day. The commission even concluded that "grass eating"

546-745: The Court of Appeal for Ontario reaffirmed the unconstitutionality of the laws. The case was appealed by the Canadian government , and was under trial in the Supreme Court of Canada in June 2013. On 20 December 2013, the Supreme Court unanimously struck down the remaining prostitution laws. As of 2014 , the Canadian government began working on regulations to allow the trade to operate. The United Nations 1949 Convention for

585-869: The Emergency Service Unit forming the Critical Incident Response Capacity (CIRC) in case of a similar situation arising in New York City. The Organized Crime Control Bureau had numerous units and sub-units that investigated matters such as organized auto larceny rings, unlawful firearms, and prostitution. It was involved in using the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) to search for and destroy organized criminal activities and to seize property and vehicles. The OCCB used undercover police officers to infiltrate various criminal organizations and had been effective against

624-661: The Italian Mafia , " the Westies " of the Irish Mob , Chinese Triads , and Russian Bratvas organized criminal elements. The OCCB's Joint Organized Crime Task Force worked in cooperation with the Federal Bureau of Investigation 's New York Field Division (the largest FBI office in the US). Knapp Commission The Commission to Investigate Alleged Police Corruption (known informally as

663-550: The Knapp Commission , after its chairman Whitman Knapp ) was a five-member panel initially formed in April 1970 by Mayor John V. Lindsay to investigate corruption within the New York City Police Department . The creation of the commission was largely a result of the publicity generated by the public revelations of police corruption made by Patrolman Frank Serpico and Sergeant David Durk. The commission concluded that

702-495: The Netherlands , Germany , Greece , New Zealand , and most of Australia and Nevada . In Canada , there was a legal challenge to prostitution laws, which ended in the 2013 ruling of Bedford v. Canada . In 2010, Ontario Superior Court Judge Susan Himel overturned the national laws banning brothels and procuring, arguing that they violated the constitution guaranteeing "the right to life, liberty and security". In 2012,

741-469: The decriminalization of brothels and procuring . Attempts have been made in the US to charge pornographic-film producers with pandering under state law. The case of California v. Freeman in 1989 is one of the most prominent examples where a producer/director of pornographic films was charged with pandering under the argument that paying porn actors to perform sex on camera was a form of prostitution covered by

780-703: The NYPD had systematic corruption problems, and made a number of recommendations. In 1970, Mayor Lindsay appointed five members to serve on the Knapp Commission: While the Knapp Commission began its investigation of corruption in the police department in June 1970, public hearings did not start until October 18, 1971. In addition to the testimony of "lamplighters" ( whistleblowers ) Serpico and Durk, testimony from dozens of other witnesses, including former Police Commissioner Howard R. Leary , corrupt patrolmen, and

819-526: The State of California. In 2008, the New Hampshire Supreme Court issued a similar ruling ( New Hampshire v. Theriault ) which declared that producing pornography was not a form of prostitution under state law. Pimping is typically operated like a business. The pimp may have a bottom girl who serves as office manager, keeping the pimp apprised of law-enforcement activity and collecting money from

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858-665: The Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others requires state signatories to ban pimping and brothels, and to abolish regulation of individual prostitutes. It states: Whereas prostitution and the accompanying evil of the traffic in persons for the purpose of prostitution are incompatible with the dignity and worth of the human person and endanger

897-427: The US, madams/pimps can be arrested and charged with pandering and are legally known as procurers. This, combined with the tendency to identify pimping with African-American masculinity, may provide some of the explanation for why approximately three-fifths of all "confirmed" human traffickers in the United States are African-American men. It has recently been argued that some of the extreme examples of violence cited in

936-453: The article below come primarily from such stereotyping supported by Hollywood screenwriters, selective and decontextualized trial transcripts, and studies that have only interviewed parties to sex commerce in institutions of rescue, prosecution, and punishment, rather than engaging rigorous study in situ . A 2018 study by researchers from the University of Montreal divided the concept of

975-457: The commission found widespread corruption in the New York City Police Department, and made the following recommendations: The Knapp Commission Report on Police Corruption identified two particular classes of corrupt police officer, which it called "Grass Eaters" and "Meat Eaters". This classification refers to petty corruption under peer pressure ("eating grass") and aggressive premeditated major corruption ("eating meat"). The term "Grass Eaters"

1014-499: The facilitation or provision of a prostitute or other sex worker in the arrangement of a sex act with a customer. A procurer , colloquially called a pimp (if male) or a madam (if female), though the term "pimp" has often been used for female procurers as well) or a brothel keeper , is an agent for prostitutes who collects part of their earnings . The procurer may receive this money in return for advertising services, physical protection, or for providing and possibly monopolizing

1053-470: The gang in the local gang subculture. Some pimp businesses have an internal structure – built around violence – for dealing with rule breakers. For example, some pimps have been known to employ a "pimp stick", which is two coat hangers wrapped together, in order to subdue unruly prostitutes. Although prostitutes can move between pimps, this movement sometimes leads to violence. For example, a prostitute could be punished for merely looking at another pimp; this

1092-602: The name "P.I.M.P. Juice Scholarship". Dawn Turner Trice of the Chicago Tribune argues that there is "something truly unsettling, to say the least, about attaching such a vile word to a scholarship" and expresses concern about the glamorization of the term. In the first years of the 21st century, a new meaning of the word emerged in the form of a transitive verb pimp , which means "to decorate" or "to gussy up " (compare primp , especially in Scottish usage). This new definition

1131-519: The police, and in some cases recruitment from peer sex workers. Procuring can take abusive forms. Madams/pimps may punish clients for physical abuse or failure to pay, and enforce exclusive rights to "turf" where their prostitutes may advertise and operate with less competition. In the many places where prostitution is outlawed, sex workers have decreased incentive to report abuse for fear of self-incrimination , and increased motivation to seek any physical protection from clients and law enforcement that

1170-461: The present Convention further agree to punish any person who: (1) Keeps or manages, or knowingly finances or takes part in the financing of a brothel; (2) Knowingly lets or rents a building or other place or any part thereof for the purpose of the prostitution of others. Various UN commissions however have differing positions on the issue. For example, in 2012, a UNAIDS commission convened by Ban Ki-moon and backed by UNDP and UNAIDS, recommended

1209-477: The prostitute's lower back, thigh, chest, or buttocks. Since the Internet became widely available, prostitutes increasingly use websites to solicit sexual encounters. This has bypassed the need for pimps in some contexts, while some pimps have used these sites to broker their sex workers. Some scholars and sex workers' rights advocates dispute portrayals of third-party agents as violent and extremely committed to

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1248-416: The prostitutes themselves bear the majority of the risk. Pimping has several benefits to the gang that the pimp belongs to. These benefits include helping the gang recruit new members because the gang has women available for sex, and the money brought in by prostitution allows gang members to buy cars, clothes and weapons, all of which help to recruit younger members into the gang by increasing the reputation of

1287-400: The prostitutes. Pimps recognize a hierarchy among themselves. In certain pimp strata, the least respected, or newer pimps, are the "popcorn pimps" and "wannabes". "Popcorn pimps" was a phenomenon which occurred among adolescent cocaine users of both sexes who utilized children younger than themselves to support their habits. A pimp who uses violence and intimidation to control his prostitutes

1326-495: The victim to be a romantic relationship. After an initial period of " love bombing ", the treatment of the victim then becomes abusive, and the victim is then forced into sex work by the pimp. Some pimps in America tattoo prostitutes as a mark of "ownership". The tattoo will often be the pimp's street name or even his likeness. The mark might be as discreet as ankle tattoo, or blatant as a neck or face tattoo or large scale font across

1365-407: The victims of police shakedowns, was heard. From 1970 to 1972, Michael F. Armstrong was chief counsel to the Knapp Commission. Nicholas Scoppetta served as associate counsel. As an immediate result of the testimony of the witnesses, criminal indictments against corrupt police officials were handed down. Commissioner Patrick V. Murphy was appointed by Mayor Lindsay shortly after the commission

1404-443: The welfare of the individual, the family and the community The convention reads: Article 1 The Parties to the present Convention agree to punish any person who, to gratify the passions of another: (1) Procures, entices or leads away, for purposes of prostitution, another person, even with the consent of that person; (2) Exploits the prostitution of another person, even with the consent of that person. Article 2 The Parties to

1443-603: Was formed to clean up the department, implement proactive integrity checks, transfer senior personnel on a huge scale, rotate critical jobs, ensure sufficient funds to pay informants, and crack down on citizen attempts at bribery. On June 15, 1972, Whitman Knapp, Chairman of the Knapp Commission, was nominated as a federal judge for the Southern District of New York by President Richard M. Nixon . The commission issued its preliminary report on August 15, 1972, and issued its final report on December 27, 1972. In its final report,

1482-413: Was made popular by Pimp My Ride , an MTV television show. Although this new definition paid homage to hip-hop culture and its connection to street culture, it has now entered common, even mainstream commercial, use. In medical contexts, the verb means "to ask (a student) a question for the purpose of testing her or his knowledge". The word "pander", meaning to "pimp", is derived from Pandarus ,

1521-495: Was used by police officers in New York City to prove their loyalty to the brotherhood, and with that came incentives like side jobs. One method of preventing cops from becoming corrupt is to eliminate this step by removing veteran cops who do this; without any veteran cops to learn this from, new officers might decide to never "eat grass". "Meat Eaters" are officers who "spend a good deal of time aggressively looking for situations they can exploit for financial gain". An example of this

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