31-862: The Nun River , also known as Rio Nun, is a river in Bayelsa State , Nigeria . The river is formed when the Niger River splits into two at Toru-Abubou, near Agbere Town in Sagbama Local Government Area of Bayelsa State , forming the Nun and the Forcados rivers. Upon emerging from its parent river, Niger, the Nun River flows for almost 160 kilometres (100 mi) south to the Gulf of Guinea at Akassa . Its course runs mainly through thinly settled areas and swamps. In
62-524: A lot of rain. In Bayelsa, the average annual temperature is 56 degrees, and there are roughly 675 inches of rain each year. With an average humidity of 82% and a UV-index of 6, it is dry for 47 days out of the year. This is a black hazardous carbonate substance that pollutes the area due to its illegal burning of crude oil (locally called Kpo-fire). This carcinogenic chemical causes illnesses such as lung cancer , skin irritation, allergies , respiratory tract infections , eye problem, etc. Its effect
93-581: A prominent Ijaw rights activist during the 1960s who was born in Oloibiri , attempted to proclaim a "Niger Delta Peoples Republic" in 1966. Bayelsa State was created out of Rivers State on 1 October 1996 by the Sani Abacha 's military government. Its name was derived from the first few letters of the names of the major local government areas from which it was formed: Brass LGA ( BA LGA), Yenagoa LGA ( YEL GA) and Sagbama LGA ( SA LGA). On 20 November 1999,
124-877: A suffragan of the Archdiocese of Benin City . Major roads include the Isaac Adaka Boro Expressway 17 km north from Yenagoa to join A2 the Elele-Alimini-Patani East-West Rd east to Rivers State at Mbiama and northwest across the Forçados River to Delta State by the 850 m bridge (2014) at Patani . Waterways are essential for transport as many communities are not accessible by road. Bayelsa Airport on Wilberforce Island opened in 2019, with international flights approved in 2021. The main language spoken
155-564: A total area of 10,773 square kilometres (4,159 sq mi). The state comprises eight local government areas: Ekeremor , Kolokuma/Opokuma , Yenagoa , Nembe , Ogbia , Sagbama , Brass and Southern Ijaw . Bayelsa state is regarded as the least populous state in Nigeria with an estimated population of over 2,530,000 as at 2022. Being in the Niger Delta, Bayelsa State has a riverine and estuarine setting, with bodies of water within
186-526: A tropical monsoon climate with yearly temperature of 28.64 °C (83.55 °F) and it is -0.82% lower than Nigeria's averages. The state typically receives about 241.52 millimeters (9.51 inches) of precipitation and has 296.16 rainy days (81.14% of the time) annually. Bayelsa State has mostly received the effects of climate change due to environmental degradation and high levels of carbon emissions . The Bayelsa region experiences tropical monsoon weather. All year long, there are high temperatures and
217-462: Is Ijaw with dialects such as Kolokuma , Nembe , Epie-Atissa , and Ogbia . Like the rest of Nigeria, English is the official language . Languages of Bayelsa State listed by LGA: Due to massive overseas scholarship programs implemented by the old Rivers State in the 1970s and recent Bayelsa State governments, large numbers of Bayelsa professionals reside in Europe and North America . This
248-579: Is a Local Government Area in Bayelsa State , southern Nigeria . Its headquarters are in the town of Twon-Brass on Brass Island along the coast , it has a coastline of approximately 90 km on the Bight of Bonny . Much of the area of the LGA is occupied by the Edumanom National Forest . It has an area of 1,404 km and a population of 185,049 at the 2006 census . The postal code of
279-727: Is also meted on the environment as it causes air pollution , soil pollution , water pollution which has led to the death of both plants, humans and animals. This is a common annual problem in Bayelsa because it is located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean . The rise of seawater is the major cause. The flooding has affected many communities, properties and human lives. Almost all areas in Bayelsa state are affected by flooding but Ekeremor , Southern Ijaw , Sagbama , Kolokuma/Opokuma and Yenagoa areas of Bayelsa state are more prone to flooding as it affects these areas yearly. Poor town planning
310-471: Is another major cause of flooding in Bayelsa State. As of August 2022, the state was stricken with a flood, displacing over 1.3 million people and destroying livestock and properties. This is one of the major environmental issues in Bayelsa State due to the activities of major oil companies. Oil spillage has affected farmlands, aquatic life and the health of the people. Almost every day, Udengs Eradiri
341-536: Is immortalized in the poetry of Gabriel Okara . His poem The Call of the River Nun is a nostalgic ode to the river that passes through his home. Oil spill pollution has remained a source of several international litigations in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Impacts of small recurrent crude oil spills on the physicochemical, microbial and hydrobiological properties of the Nun River, a primary source of drinking water, food and recreational activities for communities in
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#1732883517801372-479: Is informed of another oil spill in Bayelsa state, in the Niger Delta. He said Bayelsa used to be green, you could go to a farm or go fishing and have a very impressive harvest. You would spend hours in the water and have a handful of fish. Today, he added, you can spend the whole day without catching a glimpse of a fish. Another major environmental issue in Bayelsa state is air pollution (SOOT). Today, many people in Bayelsa state lament that they cannot breathe due to
403-409: Is part of the general brain-drain trend affecting many African communities. The major tertiary institutions in Bayelsa state are: Bayelsa State consists of eight local government areas: The state government is led by a democratically elected governor who works closely with members of the state House of Assembly. The Capital city of the state is Yenagoa . The electoral system of Bayelsa state
434-595: Is selected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two-thirds of the State's local government Areas. If no candidate passes the threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government Areas. 4°45′N 6°05′E / 4.750°N 6.083°E / 4.750; 6.083 Brass, Nigeria Brass
465-572: The Bayelsa Airport ), Amassoma and Ogobiri (the host communities of the Niger Delta University (NDU), Eniwari , Ekeremor , Aliebiri , Anyama-Ogbia, Anyama-Ijaw, Peretoru, Twon-Brass , Egwema-Brass, Kaiama , Nembe , Odi, Ogbia , Okpoama, Brass , Oporoma , Korokorosei, Otuan, Koroama, Okolobiri, Obunagha, Ogboloma , Sagbama , Olugbobiri , Peremabiri, Ekowe, and Swali. The Akassa Lighthouse has stood since 1910. Bayelsa has
496-454: The Bayelsa State capital. On 16 November 2019, four journalists returning from a polling station, on governorship election duties, were rescued when their boat capsized. This article related to a river in Nigeria is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bayelsa State Bayelsa state is a state in the South South region of Nigeria , located in the core of
527-567: The Niger Delta . Bayelsa State was created in 1996 and was carved out from Rivers State , making it one of the newest states in the federation. The capital, Yenagoa , is susceptible to high risk of annual flooding. It shares a boundary with Rivers State to the east and Delta State to the north across the Niger River for 17km and the Forçados River for 198km, with the waters of the Atlantic Ocean dominating its southern borders. It has
558-502: The 19th century, the Nun was a hub for trade between Europe and the Igbo people – based at Aboh . The river's trading history began with the trade of slaves but was later replaced by palm oil export. However, at the turn of the century, the river mouth silted heavily, blocking the passage. Subsequently, traders began using the more accessible waters of the Forcados River . The Nun River
589-497: The Brass to sustain livelihood are Fishing and the making of fishing nets, construction of canoes also is another key economic features of the Brass area. The climate of Brass is tropical monsoon (classification: Am). The district experiences a yearly temperature of 29.05 °C (84.29 °F), which is -0.41% colder than the average for Nigeria. About 244.95 millimeters (9.64 inches) of precipitation and 300.37 wet days (82.29% of
620-520: The Nigerian military committed what is now referred to as the Odi massacre . The death toll remains disputed to this day, though Nnimmo Bassey , executive director of Environmental Rights Action, claims that nearly 2500 civilians were killed. In response to environmental degradation in the state caused by the oil industry , movements such as the "Rise for Bayelsa " campaign have emerged to push for protecting
651-458: The Sagbama local government area. As a state in the oil-rich Niger Delta, Bayelsa State's economy is dominated by the petroleum industry . The state is the site of Oloibiri Oilfield , where oil was first discovered in Nigeria, and as of 2015 the state was estimated to produce 30-40% of the country's oil. The state has the largest gas reservoir (18 trillion cubic feet) in Nigeria. Though being
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#1732883517801682-662: The area is 562. It is a traditional fishing village of the Nembe branch of the Ijo people, it became a slave-trading port for the state of Brass (Nembe) in the early 19th century. It was ruled by African merchant "houses", which were encouraged by the European traders, the state's chief slave-collecting centres (Brass and Nembe) often sent war canoes into the interior—especially through Igbo country—to capture slaves. Brass has enormous deposits of crude oil and natural gas and because of
713-423: The baseline data from studies, national and international standards. The results of the physicochemical parameters indicated a significant deterioration of the river quality due to oil production activities. Turbidity, TDS, TSS, DO, conductivity and heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn) were in breach of the national and international limits for drinking water aquatic health. They were also significantly higher than
744-611: The exposure of emissions of soot, a hazardous black amorphous carbon that has almost completely polluted the air in the areas. However, stakeholders in the affected areas had in 2018 reportedly initiated a campaign with the common refrain; "Save Rivers from this soot of death", in the Rivers state region. Bayelsa State's natural resources include: The Catholic Church comprises parts of Bomadi Diocese (1991) Bomadi (Diocese) [Catholic-Hierarchy ] under Bishop Hyacinth Oroko Egbebo (2009) Bishop Hyacinth Oroko Egbebo [Catholic-Hierarchy ],
775-473: The initial baseline conditions of the river. Also, there were noticeable changes in the phytoplankton, zooplankton and microbial diversities due to oil pollution across the sampling zones. Nun Rivers climate range at the moment has a water temperature is 24°C and the average water temperature is 24°C. On 27 September 2017, the Nun burst its banks overnight and submerged residential homes along its bank in Yenagoa ,
806-436: The local water supply. In 2019, the Bayelsa State government launched the first formal inquiry into the crisis of oil pollution in the state. Bayelsa State has one of the largest crude oil and natural gas deposits in Nigeria. As a result, petroleum production is substantial in the state. Even though Bayelsa State is well-endowed with natural resources, the state "enjoys very minimal dividends from its oil wealth due to
837-426: The region. Samples were collected from six sampling points along the stretch of the lower Nun River over a 3-week period. Temperature, pH salinity, turbidity, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, phosphate, nitrate, heavy metals, BTEX, PAHs and microbial and plankton contents were assessed to ascertain the quality and level of deterioration of the river. The results obtained were compared with
868-422: The rich natural resources has the presence of several national and international oil mining companies. The activities of these oil mining companies has contributed most of the economic development of the Brass area. The Brass people are also known as farmers as Farming is also an important economic activity with crops such as oil palm, plantain, and sugarcane grown in the Brass area. Another economy activities of
899-616: The site of one of the largest crude oil and natural gas deposits in the country contributes to local economic development, the state remains plagued by rampant poverty as well as pollution stemming from oil spills . During the 20th century, demanding a new, majority-Ijaw state to be drawn in the Niger Delta Region became common. Between 1941 and 1956, numerous Ijaw nationalist organizations supportive of an Ijaw-majority state in Southern Nigeria were founded. Isaac Adaka Boro ,
930-545: The state making the development of significant road infrastructure, quite difficult. The state is the primary and ancestral home of the Ijaw people's, from where migration took place to other Ijaw settlements. The languages of the Ijaw ( Ogbia , Nembe, Epie, Ijaw) are widely spoken in Bayelsa State, along with Isoko and Urhobo . The state is also the ancestral home of the Urhobo people in
961-620: The structural inequities in the national revenue allocation system in the practice of fiscal federalism in the country". Bayelsa has a riverine and estuarine setting. Many communities are almost (and in some cases) surrounded by water, making them inaccessible by road. The state is home to the Edumanom Forest Reserve , in June 2008 the last known site for chimpanzees in the Niger Delta. Other important cities besides Yenagoa include Akassa , Lobia , Wilberforce Island (the location of