50-494: Peacham is a town in Caledonia County , Vermont , United States. The population was 715 at the 2020 census . In 1763, Governor Benning Wentworth of New Hampshire gave a charter for the region to a group of proprietors, and the town was given the name Peacham (the etymology of the name is unclear). The original proprietors were speculators who surveyed the town, laid a few rudimentary roads, and divided it into lots, though
100-457: A queen post truss, and is 74 feet, 9.5 inches in length and 14 feet, 6.5 inches in width. According to the U.S. census of 2000, there were 2,211 people, 871 households, and 627 families residing in Danville. The population density was 36.3 people per square mile (14.0/km ). There were 1,152 housing units at an average density of 18.9 per square mile (7.3/km ). The racial makeup of the town
150-434: A female householder with no husband present, 35.1% were non-families, and 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.86. The median age was 42.1 years. The median income for a household in the county was $ 42,706 and the median income for a family was $ 51,503. Males had a median income of $ 40,223 versus $ 30,707 for females. The per capita income for
200-638: A larger number of interconnected terraces in the Passumpsic River Valley. The first extends from the mouth of the Passumpsic River in Barnet, to the northwest corner of the town of Waterford, on the railroad. It is about 4 miles (6.4 km) long. The river runs through a narrow valley in Barnet, a gorge with no terraces. Narrow terraces in the Town of Passumpsic expand and form a basin. The fourth terrace on
250-520: A number of works on the town and has archives which chronicle the town's history from 1776. The Peacham Library is a private library founded in 1810 as a resource for the debating team of the Caledonia County Grammar School. For the first century of its existence, the library possessed no fixed location and rotated from store to store around the town. The original library building was purchased in 1909. It burned in 1959, destroying almost
300-553: Is located at 148 Peacham Road, Danville, Vermont 05828 and is a part of the Danville School District. The school was established in 1990 to replace the North Danville School. Danville is located west of St. Johnsbury, Vermont . Other towns bordering Danville are Barnet to the southeast, Peacham to the south, Cabot and Walden to the west, Stannard to the northwest, Wheelock to the north, and Lyndon to
350-660: Is partially in Danville and partially in neighboring Cabot to the west. The pond, an impoundment of the brook in West Danville, is the largest of the six bodies of water in the Joe's Brook watershed, which is in turn part of the Passumpsic River watershed. Game fish in the pond include lake trout , smallmouth bass , northern pike (which were illegally introduced), rainbow smelt , rock bass , pumpkinseed , chain pickerel , yellow perch , and brown bullhead . Plant species in
400-405: Is the 2,566-foot (782 m) summit of Cow Hill near the northern corner of town. As of the census of 2010, there were 732 people, 299 households, and 213 families residing in the town. The population density was 15.7 people per square mile (6.1 per square kilometer). There were 542 housing units at an average density of 11.6 per square mile (4.5 per square kilometer). The racial makeup of the town
450-425: The 2010 United States Census , there were 31,227 people, 12,553 households, and 8,153 families residing in the county. The population density was 48.1 inhabitants per square mile (18.6/km ). There were 15,942 housing units at an average density of 24.6 per square mile (9.5/km ). Of the 12,553 households, 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.7% were married couples living together, 10.1% had
500-469: The U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 658 square miles (1,700 km ), of which 649 square miles (1,680 km ) is land and 8.7 square miles (23 km ) (1.3%) is water. Caledonia is the most populated county of the three in the Northeast Kingdom . However, it is the smallest in area of the three. The county has a number of brooks and rivers. The Connecticut River runs along
550-513: The northeastern part of the U.S. state of Vermont . As of the 2020 census , the population was 30,233. Its shire town ( county seat ) is the town of St. Johnsbury . The county was created in 1792 and organized in 1796. It was given the Latin name for Scotland , in honor of the many settlers who claimed ancestry there. The county shares the same pre-Columbian history with the Northeast Kingdom . Rogers' Rangers were forced to retreat through
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#1733086094759600-550: The Kittredge Hills along the western border of the town. This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot summers and cold winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Danville has a humid continental climate , abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps. The only major body of water in the town is the Joe's Pond, which covers 396 acres (160 ha) and
650-505: The Moose River. Calciferous mica schist underlies much of the county. There is argillaceous slate running through Waterford and Kirby, which narrows in Burke. Waterford had a lot of talc . This belongs to the gold bearing formations. Specimens of gold were found in town, and iron and copper pyrites in veins. But none in commercial quality. In Waterford there was an outcrop of slate that
700-401: The Passumpsic River. It is a characteristic of these terraces that they are large while their quantity is small. The count never exceeds five which is unusual. The third basin includes the east branch of the Passumpsic River which runs through the Town of Burke. In East Burke there are several terraces. Near the village there are four on the west side, and two on the east side. Above East Burke
750-580: The West, and many farms either consolidated or went under. Tourism became important during the 20th century as people opened their homes to visitors from the cities of the Atlantic seaboard , often derisively referred to as " flatlanders ". With the advent of the railroad in Barnet and then motor vehicles, Peacham became a popular location for summer residents, some of whom were educators from Boston and New York City . In
800-529: The affairs of the town. Peacham was early on presented with a choice of having either the county courthouse or the county school, and the residents voted for the school. In 1795 the Caledonia County Grammar School received its charter, and the first school was established in a log structure on the Bayley Hazen Road, halfway between Peacham Corner and South Peacham. In 1799, a library was established, which traveled from store to store. A congregational church
850-548: The county following their attack on Saint-Francis, Quebec in 1759. To confound their avenging pursuers, they had split up. One group came south over the summit into the Passumpsic River Valley. Vermont was divided into two counties in March 1778. In 1781 the legislature divided the northernmost county, Cumberland, into three counties. Windham and Windsor Counties were located about where they are now. The northern remainder
900-562: The county in 2000 and would be the last time a Republican presidential candidate would carry the county. John Kerry won the county in 2004 and it has been won by Democratic candidates ever since. The Caledonia County Airport is located in Lyndon, Vermont. Incorporated villages are census divisions and provide additional services. They remain part of the towns they are in. Cities are formed when villages become large enough to warrant greater governmental organization, and become separate from
950-400: The county was $ 22,504. About 9.6% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 15.6% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over. As in all Vermont counties, there is a small executive function which is mostly consolidated at the state level. Remaining county government is judicial. There are no "county taxes". In 2007, median property taxes in
1000-413: The county were $ 2,278, placing it 265 out of 1,817 counties in the nation with populations over 20,000. The elected officials of the county are as follows: In 1828 , Caledonia County voted for National Republican Party candidate John Quincy Adams . In 1832 , the county was won by Anti-Masonic Party candidate William Wirt . From William Henry Harrison in 1836 to Winfield Scott in 1852 ,
1050-533: The county would vote the Whig Party candidates. From John C. Frémont in 1856 to Richard Nixon in 1960 (barring 1912 , where the county was won by Progressive Party candidate and former president Theodore Roosevelt ), the Republican Party would have a 104-year winning streak in the county. In 1964 , the county was won by Democratic Party incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson , who became not only
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#17330860947591100-943: The county. The largest are Harvey's Lake, in Barnet; Wells River and Lund's Ponds, in Groton; Cole's Pond, in Walden; Clark's and Center Ponds, in Newark; and Stile's Pond, in Waterford. There are falls at different places on the Connecticut, Passumpsic, Wells and Joe's Rivers. Stevens River, near its mouth, falls 80 feet (24 m) in a distance of 20 rods (330 ft; 100 m). Some of the water power has been harnessed for electricity. There are sulphur springs in Wheelock, Haynesville, in Hardwick; and in St. Johnsbury, near
1150-496: The entire collection. The current library was constructed on the same location in 1960 and enlarged in 2001. The library has over 9,200 volumes and over 500 registered patrons. Peacham has hosted the yearly Peacham Acoustic Music Festival since 2011, typically in mid-August. Other yearly events include the Fall Foliage celebration and the yearly July 4 festivities, including the traditional tractor parade. In September 2005, Peacham
1200-504: The first Democratic presidential candidate to win the county, but to win the state of Vermont entirely. Following the Democrats' victory in 1964, the county went back to voting for Republican candidates for another 20 year winning streak starting with Richard Nixon in 1968 and ending with George H. W. Bush in 1988 . The county would be won by Bill Clinton in both the 1992 and 1996 presidential elections. George W. Bush would win
1250-471: The last towns to be created in Caledonia County. The town was named for the 18th-century French cartographer Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville . A debtors' prison was located here in the late 18th to the early 19th centuries. A thief in West Danville made national news in 2008 when he apologized for robbing a convenience store and left a roll of one-dollar bills to allow the store to open up
1300-650: The most widely known monument locally using this granite was the soldiers monument at Peacham, Vermont . Monuments from this granite exist all over the country. This was one of the best quality quarries in the country in the 19th century. The presence of Kame terraces in the country are of interest in connection with the drift that gave the Northeast Kingdom its soil, and its surface stones and boulders. These terraces have beds of sand and clay from which bricks were once manufactured. Based on research by Edward Hitchcock two or three basins can be identified based on
1350-562: The next morning. The annual convention of the American Society of Dowsers is held in Danville. In July 2017, the Charles D. Brainerd Public Library reopened in the village of West Danville , making the town once again home to Vermont's smallest library. Danville School is the town's public school but is open to tuition students from surrounding towns. It serves preschool through grade 12, totaling approximately 400 students. The school
1400-572: The northeast, touching Danville at a single corner. According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 61.1 square miles (158.3 km ), of which 60.7 square miles (157.3 km ) is land and 0.42 square miles (1.1 km ), or 0.67%, is water. The main village in town (not separately incorporated) comprises the Danville CDP, with an area of 1.0 square mile (2.7 km ), all land. U.S. Route 2 runs through
1450-411: The pond include the common mare's tail ( Hippuris vulgaris ) and the small bur-reed ( Sparganium natans ). The Greenbanks Hollow Covered Bridge , one of Vermont's many covered bridges , traverses Joe's Brook and lies within the Danville town boundaries. The covered bridge was built in 1886 and restored in its original condition in the early 2000s. The bridge is owned by the Town of Danville, has
1500-440: The production and sale of items such as whiskey and potash to help augment the relatively poor harvests. Almost from the beginning, various trades and industries—as many as 30–35 at a given time—flourished. Lumbering, coopering , milling, butter making, tin ware, tanneries and leather goods provided goods for local consumption. From 1800 to 1830, sheep farming flourished as a more profitable endeavor than growing crops. In 1840,
1550-408: The second half of the 20th century, Peacham became a popular vacation spot and retirement home for prominent intellectuals and liberal thinkers—individuals such as David Dellinger , William Lederer , Roman Jakobson , and the historian Shepard Clough all owned houses in town. Their interests and stimulation enhanced the cultural interests of the town. According to the United States Census Bureau ,
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1600-577: The southeast and forms one of the eastern boundaries of the county. The northern towns are drained by the head branches of the Passumpsic River , which is the largest in the county. It flows south and empties into the Connecticut River in Barnet. There are the Wells, Stevens and Joe's Rivers in the south. In the west the head waters of the Winooski and Lamoille Rivers . There are about twenty lakes and ponds in
1650-515: The surrounding town. Danville, Vermont Danville is a town in Caledonia County , Vermont , United States. The population was 2,335 at the 2020 census . The primary settlement in town is recorded as the Danville census-designated place (CDP) and had a population of 385 at the 2020 census. Danville was established on October 31, 1786, by the Vermont Legislature, making it one of
1700-489: The territory remained unsettled for some time. In 1775, settlers, primarily from Connecticut and Massachusetts , bought the lots and built homes, developing the land for agriculture. The original settlers survived almost entirely through subsistence farming despite the long winters, hilly terrain, and rocky soil. Nine years later, records show a population of approximately 200 people. The first recorded town meeting took place in 1784, and selectmen were duly elected to govern
1750-476: The town has a total area of 47.7 square miles (123.5 km), of which 46.6 square miles (120.8 km) is land and 1.0 square mile (2.7 km), or 2.18%, is water. Neighboring towns are Danville to the north, Barnet to the east, Ryegate to the southeast, Groton to the south, Marshfield to the west, and Cabot to the northwest. No numbered state highways pass through the town. The highest point in Peacham
1800-469: The town reached its greatest population of 1,443. From that date on, census numbers steadily declined. Farming methods changed, and dairy farming came to replace sheep. The larger, more industrially advanced farms of the late 19th century could not support large families, and youth began to leave home. In the 20th century, the population continued to decline to a low in the mid-600s. Farming also became less common due to competition with larger dairy farms in
1850-399: The town, connecting St. Johnsbury to the east with Montpelier 26 miles (42 km) to the west. In West Danville the two-lane highway passes Joes Pond (named after Indian Joe ), which extends into Cabot. Vermont Route 15 leaves US-2 in West Danville, heading northwest towards Hardwick and Morrisville . The highest point in Danville is a 2,365-foot (721 m) summit on the ridge of
1900-454: The valley rises so that its bottom appears like a terrace. Its steep slope crosses the valley at right angles. There are indistinct terraces on its sides. Since the valley seems to be too wide to correspond with the size of the river, the valley may have been formed by water from unknown sources in prehistoric times. Caledonia has more muck deposits than any other county in the state. This was once thought to be profitable for farmers. As of
1950-438: The valley to form the end of a basin. Its lower strata are clayey, and are folded and curved. West of this terrace the level is lower. There is the course of a former river bed which ran towards the east. At the upper village of Lyndon the first terrace is about 1 mile (1.6 km) wide. There is a lot of sand and fine gravel adjoining. Every stream from either side of the valley has its large terraces to correspond with those of
2000-421: The west side of the river is part of the next basin, which is in St. Johnsbury and Lyndon. St. Johnsbury Village is on this high terrace which is called "St. Johnsbury Plain". The base of the terraces at St. Johnsbury is composed of clay. The same terrace occurs on both sides of the river valley beyond Lyndon. There are lower terraces at intervals. Lyndonville has a high terrace. This may have once extended across
2050-561: Was 48.0% male and 52.0% female. For the period 2007–2011, the estimated median annual income for a household in the town was $ 62,344, and the median income for a family was $ 81,719. Male full-time workers had a median income of $ 45,078 versus $ 43,958 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 30,373. About 1.7% of families and 5.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including none under age 18 and 15.0% of those age 65 or over. The Peacham Historical Association (PHA) has been preserving records since 1916. The PHA has published
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2100-468: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45, and the average family size was 2.90. In the town, the population was largely older with a median age of 48.5. Of the total population, 81.5% were 16 or older. Under the age of 5 were 4.8%, 6.9% were between 15 and 19, 13.1% between 25 and 44, 34.7% between 45 and 64, and 17.4% were 65 years of age or older, with 4.7% were 80 or older. For every 100 females, there were 92.1 males. The population
2150-452: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.96. In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 28.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.8 males. The median income for
2200-512: Was 98.0% White (717), 0.4% African American (3), 0.5% Native American or Alaska Native (4), 0.1% some other race (1), and 1.0% two or more races (7). Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.4% of the population (3). There were no Asians. There were 299 households, out of which 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.8% were non-families. 25.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% were someone living alone who
2250-505: Was 99.10% White , 0.18% African American , 0.23% Native American , 0.14% Asian , and 0.36% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.45% of the population. There were 871 households, out of which 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.0% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.0% were non-families. 23.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who
2300-635: Was called Caledonia , to commemorate the large number of Scottish settlers. Caledonians joined the Union Army in response to a call for volunteers. In September 1861, they joined the Vermont 6th Vermont Infantry , and helped fill out Companies B, D and E. The regiment ultimately became part of the First Vermont Brigade . In 2008, the county was declared a federal disaster area as the result of storms and flooding which occurred on July 18. According to
2350-402: Was called Orange County. The latter tract nearly corresponded with the old New York county of Gloucester, organized by that province March 16, 1770, with Newbury as the shire town. On November 5, 1792, the legislature divided Chittenden and Orange Counties into six separate counties, as follows: Chittenden, Orange, Franklin, Caledonia, Essex, and Orleans. There is a supposition that the county
2400-467: Was designated "Best New England Village" by Yankee magazine , which wrote, "Of all the villages in New England, Peacham (population 665) is unsurpassed." The town operates Peacham Elementary. The following schools once operated in town, but have been closed: A number of movies have been filmed in Peacham. These include: Caledonia County, Vermont Caledonia County is a county located in
2450-577: Was founded in 1794—the first pastor, Leonard Worcester , was well known for his fiery sermons. His son Samuel went on to be an important missionary to the Cherokee people, creating the first typeface for the Cherokee alphabet and gaining lasting fame as the plaintiff in the supreme court case Worcester v. Georgia . Early residents, who came to be known as Peachamites, traded butter, eggs, and wheat for goods which they could not make at home, and also relied on
2500-482: Was quarried for roofing. Kirby Mountain, in Kirby, was largely granite of commercial quality. Ryegate had 300 acres (120 ha) granite on the south and west sides of Blue Mountain. The granite was created by volcanic action. This was a medium colored granite of commercial grain and texture. It was quarried in the 19th century. It lay in sheets 3 inches (76 mm) to 10 feet (3.0 m) or 15 feet (4.6 m). Perhaps
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