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43-592: The Nimoo Bazgo Power Project is a run-of-the-river power project on the Indus River situated at Alchi village, 75 kilometres (47 mi) from Leh in the Indian Union Territory of Ladakh . The project was conceived on 1 July 2001 and approved on 8 June 2005, and construction began on 23rd Sept, 2006. The project involved construction of a 57-high m (187 ft) concrete dam with five spillway blocks of 13 m (43 ft) each having ogee profile. The dam

86-507: A 3.3 m (11 ft) diameter, each 63 m-long (207 ft) penstocks. Each operating unit is stated to of been designed for a discharge of 48.7 m/s (1,720 cu ft/s) and also have transformer yard and switch yard. The project was connected to the northern grid through a 220 kV transmission line from Leh to Srinagar . The dam diverts water from the Indus river by a 372 m (1,220 ft) long diversion channel and involves

129-648: A disturbance or outage). The Third Energy Package and Regulation (EC) No 714/2009 on conditions for access to the network for cross-border exchanges in electricity regulation stipulate ENTSO-E's tasks and responsibilities. Regulation (EU) 838/2010 on guidelines relating to the inter-TSO compensation mechanism sets out the methodology by which TSOs receive compensation for the costs incurred in hosting cross-border flows of electricity. Regulation (EU) 347/2013 on guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure defines European Projects of Common Interest (PCIs) identifies ENTSO-E's ten-year network development plan (TYNDP) as

172-523: A flooding of only 3.42 km (1.32 sq mi). Thus the power density is 13.16 megawatts per square kilometre (13.16 W/m; 34.1 MW/sq mi). The project was developed by National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC) Ltd. Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL) has executed the Electro-Mechanical works. The project was conceived on 1 July 2001 and approved on 8 June 2005, and construction began on 23rd Sept, 2006. The project required

215-433: A global testing ground for 10–50 MW run-of-river technology . As of March 2010, there were 628 applications pending for new water licences solely for power generation, representing more than 750 potential points of river diversion. In undeveloped areas, new access roads and transmission lines can cause habitat fragmentation , allowing the introduction of invasive species. Run-of-the-river projects strongly depend on

258-471: A river's flow (up to 95% of mean annual discharge) through a pipe and/or tunnel leading to electricity-generating turbines, then return the water back to the river downstream. Run-of-the-river projects are dramatically different in design and appearance from conventional hydroelectric projects. Traditional hydroelectric dams store enormous quantities of water in reservoirs , sometimes flooding large tracts of land. In contrast, run-of-river projects do not have

301-456: Is 247.9m in length. It was officially completed and open in August 2014. The Nimoo Bazgo power plant was stated to utilise a rated net head of 34 m (112 ft) to generate 239.30 gigawatt-hours (861.5 terajoules) in a 90% dependable year. The project has three surface power units of 15 MW (20,000 hp) each with a total installed capacity of 45 megawatts (60,000 hp). Every unit has

344-417: Is considered an "unfirm" source of power: a run-of-the-river project has little or no capacity for energy storage and so cannot co-ordinate the output of electricity generation to match consumer demand. It thus generates much more power when seasonal river flows are high (spring freshet ), and depending on location, much less during drier summer months or frozen winter months. Depending on location and type,

387-452: Is considered ideal for streams or rivers that can sustain a minimum flow or those regulated by a lake or reservoir upstream. A small dam is usually built to create a headpond ensuring that there is enough water entering the penstock pipes that lead to the turbines , which are at a lower elevation. Projects with pondage, as opposed to those without pondage, can store water for daily load demands. In general, projects divert some or most of

430-883: Is defined by the Third Package . ACER develops a framework guideline setting the policy choices for each code. On this basis, the codes are drafted by ENTSO-E in consultation with stakeholders. After ACER's opinion and recommendation for adoption, each code is submitted to the European Commission for approval through the Comitology process , i.e., to be voted on by Member State representatives and thus to become EU law, directly binding and implemented across all Member States. ENTSO-E's Central Information Transparency Platform provides free access to fundamental data and information on pan-European wholesale energy generation, transmission, and consumption. ENTSO-E's R&D Roadmap provides

473-543: Is financed by its members. The TSOs contribute to the budget according to the number of countries and the population served. The highest body of ENTSO-E is the Assembly, which is composed of representatives at CEO level of all the currently 43 members. The ENTSO-E Board is elected every two years from the overall membership and through the Assembly. It includes 12 representatives. The president, vice president, and committee chairs are invited to board meetings. The board coordinates

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516-501: Is generally used to cover exclusively short-term peak times electricity demand. Diversion Weir is also heavily dependent on the natural river flow. Similar to a regular dam, water is stored from lull periods to be used during peak-times. This allows for the pondage dams to provide for the regulation of daily and/or weekly flows depending on location. When developed with care to footprint size and location, run-of-the-river hydro projects can create sustainable energy minimizing impacts to

559-441: Is rated at 1,853 MW. Some run-of-the-river projects are downstream of other dams and reservoirs. The reservoir was not built by the project but takes advantage of the water supplied by it. An example would be the 1995 1,436 MW La Grande-1 generating station . Previous upstream dams and reservoirs were part of the 1980s James Bay Project . There are also small and somewhat-mobile forms of a run-of-the-river power plants. One example

602-628: Is still insufficient. Additionally, the absence of transparently available market information was assessed. As a result, the third legislative package on the EU gas and electricity markets was adopted by the European Commission in September 2007. According to its website, "ENTSO-E promotes closer cooperation across Europe’s TSOs to support the implementation of EU energy policy and achieve Europe’s energy & climate policy objectives, which are changing

645-478: Is synchronous within each area, and a disturbance at one single point in the area will be registered across the entire zone. Individual synchronous areas are interconnected through direct current interconnectors . The benefits of synchronous areas include pooling of generation capacities, common provisioning of reserves, both resulting in cost-savings, and mutual assistance in the event of disturbances, resulting in cheaper reserve power costs (for instance in case of

688-518: Is the basis for the selection of EU projects of common interest (PCIs). The list of PCIs is not fixed by ENTSO-E and is subject to a different process led by the European Commission and EU Member States. The TYNDP is updated every two years. For inclusion in the TYNDP, each project, whether transmission or storage, has to go through a cost–benefit analysis. The benefit analysis methodology is developed by ENTSO-E in consultation with stakeholders and adopted by

731-653: Is the so-called electricity buoy , a small floating hydroelectric power plant . Like most buoys, it is anchored to the ground, in this case in a river. The energy within the moving water propels a power generator and thereby creates electricity. Prototypes by commercial producers are generating power on the Middle Rhine river in Germany and on the Danube river in Austria. The advantages and disadvantages of run-of-river dams depends on

774-592: The Indus Waters Treaty by the Indian Central Water Commission, with the project information passed over to Pakistan. This article about a dam, floodgate or canal in India is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about an Indian power station is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Run-of-the-river Run-of-the-river, or ROR, hydroelectricity

817-915: The disadvantages associated with reservoirs and so cause fewer environmental impacts. The use of the term "run-of-the-river" for power projects varies around the world. Some may consider a project run-of-the-river if power is produced with no water storage, but limited storage is considered run-of-the-river by others. Developers may mislabel a project run-of-the-river to soothe public perception about its environmental or social effects. The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity distinguishes run-of-the-river and pondage hydropower plants, which can hold enough water to allow generation for up to 24 hours (reservoir capacity / generating capacity ≤ 24 hours), from reservoir hydropower plants, which hold far more than 24 hours of generation without pumps. The Bureau of Indian Standards describes run-of-the-river hydroelectricity as: A power station utilizing

860-658: The 40th member of ENTSO-E on 1 January 2024. On 14 January 2016 TEİAŞ signed an agreement with ENTSO-E to become first observer member, the agreement expired in January 2019. On 13 December 2022 TEİAŞ signed a new Observer Membership Agreement that will run for a period of three years. The geographical area covered by ENTSO-E's member TSOs is divided into five synchronous areas and two isolated systems (Cyprus and Iceland). Synchronous areas are groups of countries that are connected via their respective power systems. The system frequency (50 Hz, with usually very minor deviations)

903-488: The ENTSO-E Transparency Platform. ENTSO‑E does not class as a "public sector body" under the meaning provided in the 2019 Open Data Directive . The ten-year network development plan 2016 (TYNDP) is drafted by ENTSO-E, in close cooperation with stakeholders, under scrutiny of ACER and is finally adopted by the European Commission . It is the only existing pan-European network development plan. It

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946-525: The ENTSO-E vision on grid projects to be carried out by TSOs to meet EU objectives. The roadmap is supported by the annual R&D Implementation Plan, which combines both top-down and bottom-up approaches in meeting the requirements of the roadmap. ENTSO-E publishes annually a R&D Monitoring Report that assesses the progress of TSO-related R&D work. ENTSO-E is an international non-profit association ( AISBL ) established according to Belgian law. ENTSO-E

989-467: The ENTSO-E. ENTSO-E was established on 19 December 2008 in Brussels by 42 TSOs as a successor of six regional associations of the electricity transmission system operators. ENTSO-E became operational on 1 July 2009. The former associations ETSO, ATSOI, UKTSOA, NORDEL, UCTE and BALTSO became a part of the ENTSO-E, while still offering data by their predecessors for public interest. Creation of ENTSO-E

1032-485: The European Commission. It assesses projects against socio-economic and environmental criteria. ENTSO-E publishes summer and winter adequacy outlooks, as well as a mid-term resource adequacy assessment, the European Resource Adequacy Assessment (ERAA). The seasonal outlooks assess if there is enough generation to cover supply and highlight possibilities for neighbouring countries to contribute to

1075-538: The European network, interfacing with power system users, EU institutions, regulators and national governments." TSOs are responsible for the bulk transmission of electric power on the main high voltage electric networks. TSOs provide grid access to the electricity market players (i.e., generating companies, traders, suppliers, distributors, and directly connected customers) according to non-discriminatory and transparent rules. In many countries, TSOs are in charge of

1118-523: The basis for the selection of PCIs. ENTSO-E is also mandated to develop a corresponding cost–benefit methodology for the assessment of transmission infrastructure projects. The Transparency Regulation (EU) No. 543/2013   on submission and publication of data in electricity markets makes it mandatory for European Member State data providers and owners to submit fundamental information related to electricity generation, load, transmission, balancing, outages, and congestion management for publication through

1161-505: The committees and LRG work and implements Assembly decisions. ENTSO-E has established four specialized committees composed of managers from member TSOs. Each committee leads a number of regional groups and working groups. At the same level as the four committees, the transversal Legal & Regulatory Group advises all ENTSO-E bodies on legal and regulatory issues. In addition, expert groups on data, network codes implementation, and EU affairs provide specific expertise and work products to

1204-508: The consistent flow of water, as they lack reservoirs and depend on the natural flow of rivers. Consequently, these projects are more vulnerable to climate change compared to storage-based projects. Short-term climate anomalies such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) [1] can significantly disrupt the flow and can have a profound impact on the operation of these projects. Thus, incorporating climate change considerations into

1247-570: The development of the grid infrastructure, too. TSOs in the European Union internal electricity market are entities operating independently from the other electricity market players (unbundling). ENTSO-E contained 40 Member TSOs from 36 countries as of January 2024. Due to Brexit three Great Britain based operators left and only Northern Ireland's SONI remains from the UK. On 26 April 2022 Ukrenergo signed an observer membership agreement and became

1290-412: The electricity needed by consumers and industry. Moreover, run-of-the-river hydroelectric plants do not have reservoirs, thus eliminating the methane and carbon dioxide emissions caused by the decomposition of organic matter in the reservoir of a conventional hydroelectric dam. That is a particular advantage in tropical countries, where methane generation can be a problem. Without a reservoir, flooding of

1333-418: The generation/demand balance in critical situations in a specific country. The ERAA analyses resource adequacy on the decade ahead, accounting for investment and retirement decisions. ENTSO-E's network codes are binding pan-European rules drafted by ENTSO-E in consultation with stakeholders, with guidance from ACER . Network codes are grouped in three areas: The drafting and adoption process of network codes

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1376-519: The initial design and location selection of run-of-the-river projects can help mitigate the vulnerability of these projects to climate-related disruptions. European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity ENTSO-E , the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity , represents 40 electricity transmission system operators (TSOs) from 36 countries across Europe, thus extending beyond EU borders. ENTSO-E

1419-433: The plant will most likely have a lower head of water than from a dam, and will thus generate less power. The potential power at a site is a result of the head and flow of water. By damming a river, the head is available to generate power at the face of the dam. A dam may create a reservoir hundreds of kilometres long, but in run-of-the-river the head is usually delivered by a canal, pipe or tunnel constructed upstream of

1462-442: The power house. The cost of upstream construction makes a steep drop desirable, such as falls or rapids. Small, well-sited run-of-the-river projects can be developed with minimal environmental impacts. Larger projects have more environmental concerns. For fish-bearing rivers, a ladder may be required, and dissolved gases downstream may affect fish. In British Columbia , the mountainous terrain and wealth of big rivers have made it

1505-524: The project have been successfully commissioned. The project was inaugurated on 12 August 2014 by the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi , in a ceremony attended by senior officials including Chief Minister of Jammu & Kashmir Omar Abdullah , National Security Adviser Ajit Kumar Doval and others. The project, along with the Chutak Hydroelectric Plant , was certified as compliant with

1548-416: The removal and cutting of tens of thousands of tonnes of rock, diversion of the river flow, construction of the dam, powerhouse and reservoir. The project required development of the mountain road network, as well as delivery of construction vehicles by aircraft to Leh. The project was complicated by the difficult terrain and sub-zero mountain temperatures at some 3,500m above sea level. All the three units of

1591-581: The run of the river flows for generation of power with sufficient pondage for supplying water for meeting diurnal or weekly fluctuations of demand. In such stations, the normal course of the river is not materially altered. Many of the larger run-of-the-river projects have been designed to a scale and generating capacity rivaling some traditional hydroelectric dams. For example, the Beauharnois Hydroelectric Generating Station in Quebec

1634-417: The surrounding environment and nearby communities. Run-of-the-river harnesses the natural potential energy of water by eliminating the need to burn coal or natural gas to generate the electricity needed by consumers and industry. Advantages include: Like all hydro-electric power, run-of-the-river harnesses the natural potential energy of water by eliminating the need to burn coal or natural gas to generate

1677-406: The type, the following sections generally refer to Dam-Toe unless otherwise stated. These are listed in order of least impact to most impact, as well as (on average) requisite project size. Dam-toe has no flow regulation and utilizes the natural flow of the river to turn the turbines. Electricity generation is heavily dependent on river flow. Diversion Weir has very little flow regulation, which

1720-450: The upper part of the river does not take place. As a result, people remain living at or near the river and existing habitats are not flooded. Any pre-existing pattern of flooding will continue unaltered, which presents a flood risk to the facility and downstream areas. Due to their low impact, run-of-the-river dams can be implemented in existing irrigation dams with little to no change in the local fluvial ecosystem. Run-of-the-river power

1763-533: The very nature of the power system. The main objectives of ENTSO-E centre on the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) such as wind and solar power into the power system, and the completion of the internal energy market (IEM), which is central to meeting the European Union’s energy policy objectives of affordability, sustainability and security of supply. [...] ENTSO-E aims to be the focal point for all technical, market and policy issues relating to TSOs and

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1806-556: Was established and given legal mandates by the EU's Third Package for the Internal energy market in 2009, which aims at further liberalising the gas and electricity markets in the EU. Ukrainian Ukrenergo became the 40th member of the association on 1 January 2024. On 27 June 2008, 36 European electricity transmission system operators (TSOs) signed in Prague a declaration of intent to create

1849-477: Was initiated by the adoption of the European Union third legislative package on the gas and electricity markets . In 2003, the European Commission conducted a sector inquiry concerning the competition of electricity market in six European countries. Examining competition in these countries, the final report stated serious issues to be solved. It was noticed that the integration between member state's markets

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