Misplaced Pages

#375624

35-550: The EM accepts nearly all lenses with the Nikon F bayonet mount except lenses introduced in 1959, non-ai lenses will damage the lensmount, it does support the automatic indexing (AI) feature introduced in 1977. The contemporary Nikon-made AI lenses were the Nikkor AI-S, Nikkor AI and Nikon Series E types. The AF-S Nikkor, AF-I Nikkor, AF Nikkor D and AF Nikkor autofocus lenses are also AI types. Nikon's most recent 35 mm film SLR lenses,

70-522: A CPU enabled lens; the aperture of G designated lenses cannot be controlled without an electronic camera body; non-AI lenses (manufactured prior to 1977) can cause mechanical damage to later model bodies unless they are modified to meet the AI specification; and AF-P lenses (introduced in 2016) will not focus, even manually, on cameras introduced before roughly 2013. Many manual focus lenses can be converted to allow metering with consumer Nikon bodies by adding

105-560: A Dandelion chip to the lens. Most Nikon F-mount lenses cover a minimum of the standard 36×24   mm area of 35mm format and the Nikon FX format , while DX designated lenses cover the 24×16   mm area of the Nikon DX format , and industrial F-mount lenses have varying coverage. DX lenses may produce vignetting when used on film and FX cameras. However, Nikon lenses designed for film cameras will work on Nikon digital system cameras with

140-478: A 100 mm ƒ/2.8 short telephoto and a 75–150 mm ƒ/3.5 zoom , with the subsequent addition of a 70–210 mm ƒ/4 zoom, and a 135 mm ƒ/2.8 medium telephoto. These lenses were intended to enhance the EM's appeal to new users, as inexpensive but good quality alternatives to expensive Nikkor-branded lenses. The EM also had one very rare feature for an electronically controlled camera. Nippon Kogaku's philosophy that

175-614: A 4-meter length, high roof, high h-point , multi-functional, monospace design — but ultimately decided the concept was too risky for production. In retrospect, the Megagamma was more influential than successful in its own right. It is considered the "conceptual birth mother of the MPV/minivan movement." it influenced design of such mini/compact MPVs as the Nissan Prairie (1981) and Fiat 500L (2011), as well as larger MPVs, including

210-406: A PC-E lens operates like a PC lens. The PC Micro-Nikkor 85   mm f / 2.8D lens offers only preset aperture control, actuated mechanically by pressing a plunger. In July 1962, Nikon released the first interchangeable perspective-control lens available for a single-lens reflex camera , the 35mm f / 3.5 PC-Nikkor. This was followed in 1968 by a redesigned 35mm f / 2.8 PC-Nikkor in which

245-404: A camera must always work when called upon resulted in the EM's backup ability to operate without batteries, albeit in a limited fashion: mechanical control with one available fixed shutter speed (1/90 second, marked "M90") or fully-manual, operator-controlled open-shutter duration marked "B" for "Bulb", and without the light meter. A little-known feature of the EM is that when the battery is removed,

280-530: A new optical design. This was the last of the completely manual PC-Nikkors to be offered. Nikkor lenses designated AF-S, AF-I and AF-P have integrated autofocus motors, but other manufacturers included in the list do not designate it as clearly. These lenses are needed for autofocus on certain newer low-end Nikon cameras which lack an autofocus motor . Without autofocus motor are the Nikon D40 , D40X , D60 , D3xxx (most recent: D3500 ), D5xxx (most recent: D5600 ),

315-631: A system of dedicated accessories; as much ease of use and automation as was possible in 1979; low cost by dint of a simplified manufacturing process, and the prestige of the Nikon name prominently displayed on the pentaprism housing. The Nikon EM and its later offshoots the FG and FG-20 were a sales and marketing failure for Nikon. Traditional Nikon owners shunned their cheap construction and lack of manual exposure control. The expected female beginner photographer market also failed to appear, as these photographers rejected

350-478: Is a type of interchangeable lens mount developed by Nikon for its 35mm format single-lens reflex cameras . The F-mount was first introduced on the Nikon F camera in 1959, and features a three-lug bayonet mount with a 44   mm throat and a flange to focal plane distance of 46.5   mm. The company continues, with the 2020 D6 model, to use variations of the same lens mount specification for its film and digital SLR cameras . The Nikon F-mount successor

385-662: Is an Italian automotive designer. He has worked on supercars and popular everyday vehicles. He was born in Garessio , Cuneo , Piedmont . Giugiaro was named Car Designer of the Century in 1999 and inducted into the Automotive Hall of Fame in 2002. He was awarded the Compasso d'Oro industrial design award six times. In addition to cars, Giugiaro designed camera bodies for Nikon , Navigation promenade of Porto Santo Stefano , in 1983,

SECTION 10

#1732894312376

420-523: Is opposite of the direction normally used by Canon . F-mount lenses also typically have aperture rings that turn clockwise to close. The aperture rings have two sets of f-stop numbers. On cameras equipped with Nikon's Aperture Direct Readout (ADR) system, a small window under the pentaprism reads the smaller scale and displays the selected f-stop in the viewfinder . Nikon has introduced many proprietary designations for F-mount Nikkor lenses, reflecting design variations and developments both in lenses and

455-623: Is the Nikon Z-mount . The Nikon F-mount is one of only two SLR lens mounts (the other being the Pentax K-mount ) which were not abandoned by their associated manufacturer upon the introduction of autofocus , but rather extended to meet new requirements related to metering , autofocus , and aperture control. The large variety of F-mount compatible lenses makes it the largest system of interchangeable flange-mount photographic lenses in history. Over 400 different Nikkor lenses are compatible with

490-707: The DMC DeLorean . Notable in its own time for its unique design, the car was prominently featured in the Hollywood blockbuster movie series Back to the Future . His most commercially successful design was the Volkswagen Golf Mk1 . In 1976, Giugiaro explored a new taxi concept with the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA), which became the 1978 Lancia Megagamma concept. Fiat had commissioned the 1978 concept from Italdesign , asking for

525-500: The F2 of 1971 were highly regarded by professional photographers, the F2's bulk, expense, and intricacy made it a slow seller to most amateurs and beginners. Although Nikon's mid-level Nikkormat FT (1965) and EL (1972) camera series were made almost as well as the Nikon F and F2, their relatively high price turned amateurs toward less expensive models from other manufacturers. The Nikon EM formed

560-490: The Nikon 1 series with FT1 adapter and the Nikon Z-mount cameras with FTZ adapter. Zeiss ZF series lenses are manual-focus designs Nikon AI-S type aperture indexing. They are manufactured by Cosina to Zeiss specifications. Four design variations are designated ZF, ZF.2, ZF-I, and ZF-IR. ZF is the original product line. ZF.2 lenses are CPU-enabled (similar to Nikon AI-P lenses) offering full metering compatibility with

595-568: The organ of the cathedral of Lausanne (composed of about 7000 pipes) in 2003, and developed a new pasta shape, "Marille". He also designed several watch models for Seiko, mainly racing chronographs, as well as office furniture for Okamura Corporation. Giugiaro's earliest cars, like the Alfa Romeo 105/115 Series Coupés , often featured tastefully arched and curving shapes, such as the De Tomaso Mangusta , Iso Grifo , and Maserati Ghibli . In

630-464: The "Auto" setting produces a shutter speed of approximately 1/1000 sec. This is documented in the factory repair manual. The EM and its E-system accessories were Nippon Kogaku's first attempt to reach the low end of the SLR market. Called internally “SLR Camera for Women”, the EM was designed to provide style, with its exterior contours designed Italian automobile stylist Giorgetto Giugiaro ); convenience with

665-1044: The 36×24 mm area of the 35mm format or Nikon FX format , and lenses 28 mm and longer share a common T-stop (T/) of 2.1. Nikkorex F / Nikkor J Autofocus Camera | APS-format | Nikkorex with Leaf Shutter | Nikomat/Nikkormat | All Other Cameras | Manual Focus with electronic features (A mode) See also: Nikon DSLR cameras Nikon Z cameras >> PROCESSOR : Pre-EXPEED | EXPEED | EXPEED 2 | EXPEED 3 | EXPEED 4 | EXPEED 5 | EXPEED 6 VIDEO: HD video / Video AF / Uncompressed / 4k video   ⋅   SCREEN: Articulating , Touchscreen   ⋅   BODY FEATURE: Weather Sealed Without full AF-P lens support   ⋅   Without AF-P and without E-type lens support   ⋅   Without an AF motor (needs lenses with integrated motor , except D50 ) Giorgetto Giugiaro Giorgetto Giugiaro ( Italian pronunciation: [dʒorˈdʒetto dʒuˈdʒaːro] ; born 7 August 1938)

700-520: The AF Nikkor G type introduced in 2000, lack an aperture control ring, and the AF Nikkor DX type (2003) with image circles sized for Nikon's digital SLRs will mount but will not function properly. IX Nikkor lenses introduced in 1996 for Nikon's Advanced Photo System SLRs must not be mounted to an EM, as their rear elements will intrude far enough into the mirror box to cause damage. Beginning in 1977 with

735-521: The EM included a highly automated dedicated electronic flash unit, the Nikon SB-E (guide number 56/17 (feet/meters) at ASA 100) and a very small power winder, the Nikon MD-E (motorized film advance at 2 frames per second). There was also a new Nikon Series E range of lenses. The Series E lens line up in 1980 included a 28 mm ƒ/2.8 wide angle, a 35 mm ƒ/2.5 semi-wide angle, a 50 mm ƒ/1.8 normal,

SECTION 20

#1732894312376

770-638: The F-mount in non-photographic imaging applications. The F-mount has a significant degree of both backward and forward compatibility . Many current autofocus F-mount lenses can be used on the original Nikon F , and the earliest manual-focus F-mount lenses of the 1960s and early 1970s can, with some modification, still be used to their fullest on all professional-class Nikon cameras. Incompatibilities do exist, however, and adventurous F-mount users should consult product documentation in order to avoid problems. For example, many electronic camera bodies cannot meter without

805-484: The F-mount itself. There are also "unofficial" designations used by collectors and dealers to differentiate similar lenses. Nikon PC lenses, like other perspective control lenses , offer adjustments that duplicate certain view camera movements . The 28mm and 35mm PC lenses support shifting the lens in relation to the film or sensor plane, while Nikon's 19mm, 24mm, 45mm, and 85mm PC-E lenses also support tilting . Nikon currently offers four different PC lenses for sale:

840-541: The Series E lenses were unpopular with Nikon buyers, several of the Series E lenses exhibited excellent performance, particularly the 50 mm ƒ/1.8, the 100 mm ƒ/2.8, and the 75–150 mm ƒ/3.5 zoom. Nikkorex F / Nikkor J Autofocus Camera | APS-format | Nikkorex with Leaf Shutter | Nikomat/Nikkormat | All Other Cameras | Manual Focus with electronic features (A mode) See also: Nikon DSLR cameras Nikon F-mount The Nikon F-mount

875-492: The advanced amateur Nikon FM , there was a complete overhaul of the entire Nikon SLR line. The 1970s and 1980s were an era of intense competition among major SLR brands Nikon, Canon , Minolta , Pentax and Olympus . Between 1975 and 1985 there was a shift away from heavy all-metal manual mechanical camera bodies to much more compact bodies with housings made of lighter materials and electronic automation controlled by integrated circuits . Because of rapid advances in electronics,

910-529: The base of the new line. On introduction it was the smallest and cheapest Nikon SLR ever made. It was an electromechanically-controlled, manual-focus camera powered by button batteries. The EM featured a lightweight, compact copper-aluminum alloy body and fiberglass-reinforced polycarbonate plastic top and bottom covers, plus aperture priority semiautomatic exposure control governed by a built-in 60/40 percent centerweighted, silicon photodiode light meter . A left side viewfinder galvanometer needle pointer indicated

945-443: The brands continually leapfrogged each other with models having new or more automatic features. The industry was trying to expand out from the saturated high-end professional market and appeal to the large mass of amateur photographers who wanted to move up from compact automatic leaf-shutter rangefinder cameras to an SLR, but were intimidated by the need to learn the details of operating a traditional SLR. Although Nikon cameras like

980-428: The exposure on a shutter speed scale. The viewfinder also had Nikon's standard 3 mm split image rangefinder and 1 mm microprism collar focusing aids, but the focus screen was fixed. The viewfinder is dimmer than those in the semi-professional Nikons since the expensive prisms of the latter were not used. The camera is also fitted with a low-light exposure warning in the form of an audible 'beep'. Accessories for

1015-452: The four PC-E Nikkors (2008 and 2016), and the 85mm PC-Nikkor (1999). The 45   mm and 85   mm "Micro" lenses offer close focus (0.5 magnification) for macrophotography . The PC- E lenses (the "E" designates an electromagnetic diaphragm) offer automatic aperture control with all DSLRs with CMOS image sensor except the Nikon D90 . With earlier DSLRs and all "analog" film camera models,

1050-449: The full range of AF Nikon SLR cameras. ZF-I lenses add mechanical locks for focus and aperture, and additional environmental sealing, for industrial applications. ZF-IR lenses are adapted to infrared imaging, with coatings that transmit wavelengths up to 1100 nm, and focus scales marked for infrared. CP.2 lenses are a series of Zeiss "CompactPrime" cinema lenses which present F-mount as one of three mounting options. The lenses cover

1085-406: The implicit condescension of an aperture-priority-only EM, and instead bought either higher-priced Nikons or other-brand cameras. The less-expensive Series E lenses marketed with the camera also came in for heavy criticism, and Nikon soon dropped the entire line. Despite its cheaper construction quality, the EM has proved to be as reliable over the years as more expensive Nikons of the era. Although

Nikon EM - Misplaced Pages Continue

1120-452: The late 1960s, Giugiaro made increasingly angular designs, culminating in the "folded paper" era of the 1970s. Straight-lined designs such as the BMW M1 , Lotus Esprit S1 , and Maserati Bora followed. He changed again during the early 1990s, introducing a more curvy approach with his Lamborghini Calà , Maserati Spyder , Ferrari GG50 and Grundig Space Fidelity . Giugiaro is widely known for

1155-403: The limitations noted above. F-mount lenses lock by turning counter-clockwise (when looking at the front of lens) and unlock clockwise. Nearly all F-mount lenses have zoom and focus controls that rotate in the clockwise direction (as viewed from behind the camera) to increase focal length and focus distance respectively. This convention is also used in Pentax K-mount and Sony A-mount lenses but

1190-473: The shifting portion of the lens was further from the camera's body, in order to clear the new "Photomic" meters. The last optical redesign of this 35mm lens was released in 1980. The 35mm PC-Nikkor did not meet the need of photographers for a wider-angle lens, so in July 1975 Nikon released the 28mm f / 4 PC-Nikkor. In February 1981 Nikon released an improved version of this lens, the 28mm f / 3.5 PC-Nikkor, with

1225-600: The system. The F-mount is also popular in scientific and industrial applications, most notably machine vision . The F-mount has been in production for over 60 years, the only SLR lens mount with such longevity. In addition to Nikon's own range of " Nikkor " lenses, brands of F-mount photographic lenses include Zeiss , Voigtländer , Schneider , Angénieux , Samyang , Sigma , Tokina , Tamron , Hartblei , Kiev-Arsenal , Lensbaby , and Vivitar . F-mount cameras include current models from Nikon , Fujifilm , Sinar , JVC , Kenko and Horseman. Numerous other manufacturers employ

#375624