C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group is a group of 96 cities around the world that represents one twelfth of the world's population and one quarter of the global economy. Created and led by cities, C40 is focused on fighting the climate crisis and driving urban action that reduces greenhouse gas emissions and climate risks , while increasing the health, wellbeing and economic opportunities of urban residents.
31-511: Felicia Nicolette Gavron ( née Coates , 24 November 1941 – 30 August 2024) was a British politician who was deputy mayor of London under Ken Livingstone from 2000 to 2003 and 2004 to 2008. She was a member of the London Assembly from 2000 to 2021 and was the former Labour candidate for the 2004 London mayoral election . Gavron was born in Worcester on 24 November 1941, the daughter of
62-558: A German Jew who had fled from Nazi Germany in 1936. In March 2008, she claimed that her mother had been chosen to dance before Hitler in the opening ceremony of the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, until the authorities discovered that she was Jewish. She studied at Worcester Girls' Grammar School , then went on to study art history at the Courtauld Institute in London. She then gained
93-607: A former councillor, served as Deputy Mayor of Policy and Planning and Chief of Staff to Johnson until his death in office in 2011. In May 2011, Sir Edward Lister was then appointed as his successor. Richard Barnes ceased to be Deputy Mayor on 4 May 2012, when he lost his seat in the Assembly. Victoria Borwick succeeded him in the post. Borwick resigned in May 2015, following her election as Member of Parliament for Kensington , being succeeded by Roger Evans . The 2016 London mayoral election
124-583: A job as a lecturer at the Camberwell School of Art in South London. Gavron became involved in politics in the 1970s when she campaigned against the widening of the Archway Road in London. In an interview with The Guardian she said, "It was in the days when everyone thought road widening was the answer, but the penny dropped for me that it was part of the problem." In 1986, following the abolition of
155-681: A strong Paris Agreement —just as city leaders will be crucial in delivering on its ambition going forward. More than 1,000 mayors, local representatives, and community leaders from around the world took part in the Climate Summit for Local Leaders, hosted by Mayor of Paris Anne Hidalgo and the UN Secretary-General's Special Envoy for Cities and Climate Change Michael R. Bloomberg during the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference . In August 2016, Mayor of Paris Anne Hidalgo became C40's first chairwoman after being voted in unanimously by
186-638: A suite of services in support of their efforts, including: direct technical assistance; facilitation of peer-to-peer exchange; and research, knowledge management & communications. C40 is also positioning cities as a leading force for climate action around the world, defining and amplifying their call to national governments for greater support and autonomy in creating a sustainable future. C40 started in October 2005 when London Mayor Ken Livingstone convened representatives from 18 megacities to forge an agreement on cooperatively reducing climate pollution and created
217-516: The 2020 London Assembly election . Gavron was internationally recognised for her environmental expertise. She was a key figure in the establishment of the London Climate Change Agency and the C40 – a worldwide climate change action group made up of the world's largest cities. In 2006, Business Week Magazine cited her, along with Ken Livingstone, as one of the 20 most important people in
248-676: The Climate Positive Development Program and the Carbon Finance Capacity Building program. Three-term Mayor of New York City Michael Bloomberg served as chair from 2010 to 2013. During his three-year tenure, Mayor Bloomberg demonstrated unwavering commitment to building a professional organization and establishing measurable and uniform benchmarks for success, as well as expanding knowledge-sharing between cities and partner organizations with similar priorities. Key milestones during his chairmanship include
279-690: The Greater London Council , she was elected as a Labour councillor for Archway ward in the London Borough of Haringey . She was the leader of the London Planning Advisory Committee from 1994 until it was absorbed into the Greater London Authority . She was elected London Assembly member for Enfield and Haringey in the 2000 London Assembly election and was deputy mayor of London from May 2000 until June 2003, when
310-520: The Guardian' s Comment is Free section she asked, "Why not wear a jumper and enjoy fresh air, not a cocktail of carbon dioxide , carbon monoxide and goodness knows what else." In 1967, she married the publishing tycoon Robert Gavron (later Lord Gavron), a widower with two children. They had two daughters together, Jessica, now a lawyer, and Sarah , a film director. They divorced in 1987 and he died in 2015. Gavron died at her home on 30 August 2024, at
341-488: The 'C20'. In 2006, Mayor Livingstone and the Clinton Climate Initiative (CCI)—led by the efforts of former U.S. President Bill Clinton —combined to strengthen both organizations, bringing the number of cities in the network to 40 and helping to deliver projects and project management for participating cities to further enhance emissions reductions efforts. Serving as C40's first chair, Livingstone established
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#1733085478535372-503: The 13-member steering committee, the Board of Directors and professional staff. The rotating steering committee of C40 mayors provides strategic direction and governance. Steering committee members include: London, Freetown, Phoenix, Medellin, Copenhagen, Paris, Dhaka North, Nairobi, Tokyo, Rio de Janeiro, Montreal, Milan, Seoul, Oslo and Hong Kong. Working across multiple sectors and initiative areas, C40 convenes networks of cities providing
403-748: The C40 Secretariat in London, set up the C40 Steering Committee, and initiated the use of C40 workshops to exchange best practices amongst participating cities. In 2008, former mayor of Toronto David Miller took over as C40 chair. Highlights of his tenure included the Copenhagen Climate Summit for Mayors and the C40 Cities Mayors Summit in Seoul, both in 2009, as well as the launch of practical action initiatives for cities, such as
434-701: The Labour share of the vote in the constituency and was also re-elected to the Assembly on the London-wide list vote. Gavron ceased to be deputy mayor on 4 May 2008 following Boris Johnson 's victory in the 2008 London mayoral election. She was subsequently the chair of the London Assembly's housing and planning committee and a deputy chair of the planning committee. She was also the London Assembly Labour Group's lead spokesperson on planning matters. Gavron
465-569: The Mayor. One of them must be designated as the Statutory Deputy Mayor , a member of the London Assembly who serves as the temporary Mayor during a vacancy or temporary incapacity of the Mayor. Colour key (for political parties): Labour Conservative Green Independent Current or final office holders of a mayoralty are highlighted in bold . The 2000 London mayoral election
496-681: The Steering Committee. Mayor Hidalgo has announced an ambitious agenda for the organization, including plans to focus on securing green financing, supporting compliance with the Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy, encouraging inclusive and sustainable growth in cities, and recognizing the leadership of women in tackling climate change. In December 2016, C40 held its sixth biennial Mayors Summit in Mexico City. The Global Summit, hosted by Mayor of Mexico City Miguel Ángel Mancera,
527-555: The age of 82. Deputy Mayor of London Sadiq Khan ( L ) Statutory Deputy Mayor Joanne McCartney ( L/Co ) London Assembly Lord Mayor Peter Estlin London boroughs ( list ) Vacant A Deputy Mayor is a member of the London Mayoral cabinet , in the executive arm of the Greater London Authority . They serve as political advisors with responsibilities and powers corresponding to portfolios delegated by
558-456: The deputy mayor on several occasions. After Boris Johnson became Mayor of London in May 2008, he appointed Richard Barnes as his statutory Deputy Mayor, with the specific responsibility for community cohesion and regeneration. However, he also gave the title of Deputy Mayor to several other people, each with a specific role: Ian Clement (Government Relations); Kit Malthouse (Policing); and Ray Lewis (Young People). Sir Simon Milton ,
589-449: The diversity of cities taking action to address climate change. The categories consider such characteristics as population size, economic output , environmental leadership, and the length of a city's membership. 1. Megacities 2. Innovator Cities 3. Observer Cities C40 has 96 member cities across seven geographic regions. The C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group’s Climate Positive Development Program (Climate Positive)
620-841: The full integration of the CCI Cities Program into the C40, and the C40 Mayors Summits in São Paulo and Johannesburg . Under Mayor Bloomberg's leadership, C40 grew to include 63 cities. In December 2013 former mayor of Rio de Janeiro Eduardo Paes became Chair of C40. During his tenure Mayor Paes oversaw the addition of more than 20 new member cities (particularly those in the Global South) several groundbreaking research reports, successful international events, and thriving global partnerships, all of which are helping cities make real contributions to
651-474: The mayor, Ken Livingstone , appointed Jenny Jones of the Green Party to succeed her. Although she was selected as Labour's mayoral candidate for the 2004 elections, she stepped aside when Livingstone was readmitted to the party. In the 2004 London Assembly election she was re-elected as a London-wide Labour Assembly member on the party list. Shortly after the election, Livingstone once again appointed her to
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#1733085478535682-535: The position of deputy mayor. She was supposed to take up a position as acting mayor during Livingstone's suspension for four weeks from 1 March 2006, but a High Court order froze the suspension, allowing him to remain in office. Gavron stood for the Barnet and Camden London Assembly seat in the 2008 GLA elections against the Conservative incumbent, Brian Coleman . Although she was unsuccessful in this contest she increased
713-638: The reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions and climate risks . He also helped launch the Compact of Mayors (now the Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy), put in place the C40 Cities Finance Facility, and oversaw the opening of a permanent C40 office in Rio de Janeiro, at the Museum of Tomorrow. In 2015, as C40 marked its 10th anniversary, cities were crucial voices in shaping and advocating for
744-664: The role to the Conservatives, claiming it would be disruptive, so Nicky Gavron retained the post. In 2002 the Liberal Democrats were asked to nominate a candidate but declined, saying that it would be better to scrutinise the mayor from an independent position. Again Nicky Gavron remained. In 2003, the Greens accepted an offer to nominate a deputy mayor and selected Jenny Jones , who became London's second deputy mayor. Nicky Gavron
775-498: The world in the battle against greenhouse gas emissions . The magazine said, "[She aims] to turn London into a model of a sustainable future for all the world's great cities." In the same year she called for a new Clean Air Act – a Low Carbon Act to fight climate change. She envisioned low carbon zones being rolled out across the country in the same way that smokeless zones had been in the 1950s. Gavron criticised patio heaters , calling them "an indulgence too far". In an article for
806-601: Was a onetime member of the Safer London Committee and the Metropolitan Police Authority . She was a member of the Mayor's Advisory Cabinet, holding the portfolio for spatial development and strategic planning. In this capacity, she was the driving force behind much of the mayor's environment and planning policy, overseeing the London Plan. In January 2019, Gavron announced her intention to stand down at
837-559: Was attended by 1,400 people, including representatives from more than 90 cities. The current chair of C40 Cities is Mayor Sadiq Khan of London, United Kingdom. A report in 2019 by C40 Cities, Arup and the University of Leeds set out a number of actions that C40 cities are likely to need to enact to counter the effects of global warming. While C40 originally targeted megacities for their greater capacity to address climate change, C40 now offers three types of membership categories to reflect
868-686: Was launched in May 2009 in partnership with the Clinton Climate Initiative and the U.S. Green Building Council . The program brings together leading district-scale new-build and regeneration projects working to achieve "Climate Positive"—or net carbon negative —outcomes in cities around the world. As part of the C40’s Sustainable Communities Initiative, it aims to create a model for large-scale urban communities and to support projects that serve as urban laboratories for cities seeking to grow in ways that are environmentally sustainable, climate resilient, and economically viable. C40
899-462: Was originally chosen as the Labour candidate for the 2004 London mayoral election but she stepped aside when Ken Livingstone was invited to rejoin the party. They then ran on a joint ticket as Labour's candidates for the posts of mayor and deputy mayor. She served as Ken Livingstone's deputy for the duration of his second term. In his first term, Ken Livingstone came under fire for delegating his powers to his chief of staff, Simon Fletcher, rather than
930-686: Was won by Ken Livingstone , who ran as an independent after being expelled from the Labour Party . He announced that he would rotate the position of deputy mayor equally between the four parties represented in the London Assembly ( London Labour , London Conservatives , London Liberal Democrats and the London Green Party ). He offered the role to Nicky Gavron of the Labour Party for the first year. After some political manoeuvring, she accepted. However, in 2001, Ken Livingstone decided not to offer
961-539: Was won by Sadiq Khan for London Labour. Following the election, he appointed Joanne McCartney Statutory Deputy Mayor, along with nine additional deputy mayors, making Khan the first mayor to use all ten available Deputy Mayor spots. Large Cities Climate Leadership Group From 2023, Mayor of London , Sadiq Khan and Mayor of Freetown , Yvonne Aki-Sawyerr serve as C40's Co-Chair, former mayor of New York City Michael Bloomberg as Board President, and Mark Watts as Executive Director. All four work closely with