23-658: Newsham Abbey was an abbey in Newsham, a small hamlet north of Brocklesby village in Lincolnshire , England, and one of nine within the historical county. Founded by Peter of Gousla in 1143, Newsham was a daughter house of the Abbey of Licques , near Calais, and the first Premonstratensian house established in England. Founded in 1143, the Abbey of St Mary and St Martial at Newsham (or Newhouse)
46-434: A U-shaped floor plan with a 9-bay frontage. The 1898 fire and Phillimore's renovations destroyed most of the original interior features. The Pelham family originally moved to Lincolnshire in 1565 and the property has descended in the family to Charles Pelham , the 8th and current Earl of Yarborough. The estate is primarily agricultural with a substantial acreage of woodland. The 1000 acre Park and woodlands were laid out in
69-622: A community matriarch. It is the largest such structure in the wider Horn region. Bigo bya Mugenyi is an extensive earthworks site in the interlacustrine region of southwestern Uganda . On the south shore of the Katonga river, the Bigo earthworks consist of a series of ditches and berms comprising an outer arch that encompasses four interconnected enclosures. When combined, the Bigo earthworks measure more than 10 km (6 mi) long. Radiometric dates from archaeological investigations at Bigo date
92-662: A conical mound is the Miamisburg Mound in central Ohio, which has been estimated to have been built by people of the Adena culture in the time range of 800 BC to 100 AD. The American Plains also hold temple mounds, or platform mounds , which are giant pyramid-shaped mounds with flat tops that once held temples made of wood. Examples of temple mounds include Monks Mound located at the Cahokia site in Collinsville, Illinois, and Mound H at
115-405: A geographic information system ( GIS ) to produce three-dimensional representations of the earthworks. An accurate survey of the earthworks can enable them to be interpreted without the need for excavation . For example, earthworks from deserted medieval villages can be used to determine the location, size, and layout of lost settlements. Often these earthworks can point to the purpose of such
138-662: A settlement, as well the context in which it existed. Earthworks in North America include mounds built by Native Americans known as the Mound Builders . Ancient people who lived in the American Midwest commonly built effigy mounds , which are mounds shaped like animals (real or imaginary) or people. Possibly the most famous of these effigy mounds is Serpent Mound . Located in Ohio , this 411-metre-long (1,348 ft) earthen work
161-612: Is 19 hectares (47 acres). Shallow earthworks are often more visible as cropmarks or in aerial photographs if taken when the sun is low in the sky and shadows are more pronounced. Similarly, earthworks may be more visible after a frost or a light dusting of snow. Earthworks can be detected and plotted using Light Detection and Ranging ( LIDAR ). This technique is particularly useful for mapping small variations in land height that would be difficult to detect by eye. It can be used to map features beneath forest canopy and for features hidden by other vegetation. LIDAR results can be input into
184-405: Is a large country house standing in the 27,000 acre (113 square kilometre) Brocklesby Park Estate. It probably dates from the 16th century, but was altered before 1708 and remodelled circa 1730. It was severely fire damaged in 1898, restored by the architect Sir Reginald Blomfield , and then reduced in size in the 20th century by the architect Claud Phillimore . It is built of brick in 3 storeys to
207-455: Is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire , England. It is situated 1 mile (1.6 km) south from Habrough , 4 miles (6.4 km) south-west from Immingham , and is located close to the border of both North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire and is near Humberside International Airport . Its location make it the most northerly village within
230-687: Is the Newsham Bridge and the Hermitage. The ecclesiastical parish is part of the Brocklesby Park group of parishes in the Deanery of Yarborough. Local democracy is run as a Parish meeting . Earthwork (archaeology) In archaeology, earthworks are artificial changes in land level, typically made from piles of artificially placed or sculpted rocks and soil. Earthworks can themselves be archaeological features, or they can show features beneath
253-471: Is the Pelham Mausoleum, built in 1787 by James Wyatt for Charles Anderson-Pelham, 1st Baron Yarborough . The Holgate Monument, created in 1785 by James Wyatt , is a Grade I listed memorial to Charles Anderson-Pelham, 1st Baron Yarborough 's friend George Holgate in the form of a triangular pedestal supported on three tortoises and topped by an urn. The Hunt kennels and house are Grade I listed, as
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#1733085508157276-520: Is thought to memorialize alignments of the planets and stars that were of special significance to the Native Americans that constructed it. Cone-shaped or conical mounds are also numerous, with thousands of them scattered across the American Midwest, some over 24 m (80 ft) tall. These conical mounds appear to be marking the graves of one person or even dozens of people. An example of
299-658: The Crystal River site in Citrus County , Florida . The earthworks at Poverty Point occupy one of the largest-area sites in North America, as they cover some 920 acres (320 ha) of land in Louisiana. Military earthworks can result in subsequent archaeological earthworks. Examples include Roman marching forts which can leave small earthworks. During the American Civil War , earthwork fortifications were built throughout
322-523: The East Midlands region. According to the 2001 Census Brocklesby had a population of 124. At the 2011 census the population was listed in the civil parish of Keelby . The parish includes the settlement of Limber Parva (or Little Limber) which lies 1.5 miles (2.4 km) to the south-west, and is the site of a deserted medieval village , defined by earthworks and crop marks of crofts , hollow ways and rectilinear enclosures . Newsham Abbey
345-651: The 1770s by Capability Brown for the Charles Anderson-Pelham, 1st Baron Yarborough and contains a significant number of (43) listed architectural features. The Grade I listed Anglican parish church, dedicated to All Saints , stands in the park. The church holds memorials to the Pelham family , particularly Charles Pelham, Lord Worsley , who was killed during the First World War. Also in Brocklesby Park
368-685: The Premonstratensian (Norbertine) abbeys, made from the Abbey of Newhouse and existing in England at the time of the Reformation: It was suppressed in 1536, and the site was incorporated into a landscape park by Capability Brown during the 18th century. Parts of the abbey including the precinct boundary are visible as earthworks, and there is a heavy scatter of building material, and grassed-over foundations. 53°36′15″N 0°17′53″W / 53.604284°N 0.298081°W / 53.604284; -0.298081 Brocklesby Brocklesby
391-414: The abbey of Lisques, near Calais , and was parent of eleven others, including Barlings , Tupholme , and Newbo . In 1385 the canons complained of poverty and heavy burdens of hospitality, and recent storms had almost reduced the monastic buildings to ruins. In 1472 the abbot was censured for not providing an abbot for the daughterhouse of Alnwick . The names of twenty-six abbots of Newsham are known,
414-459: The country, by both Confederate and Union sides. The largest earthwork fort built during the war was Fortress Rosecrans , which originally encompassed 255 acres (103 ha ). In northeastern Somalia , near the city of Bosaso at the end of the Baladi valley, lies an earthwork 2 to 3 km (1.2 to 1.9 mi) long. Local tradition recounts that the massive embankment marks the grave of
437-407: The donations made to Gelro, the first Abbot of Newhouse, by Peter of Goxhill, by Ralph de Halton, and Geoffrey de Tours . William de Romara, earl of Lincoln , and Elias d'Albini were also benefactors of the monastery. Bishop Alexander of Lincoln and his successor, Robert de Chesney , issued confirmation charters and took the new monastery into their protection. The abbey was a daughter house of
460-489: The last being Thomas Harpham, who was abbot from 1534 to the suppression of the abbey by Henry VIII . Beyond Lincolnshire , Newhouse had an important role, in time becoming the mother-house of eleven of the Premonstratensian houses throughout England. Between 1147 and 1200 some 100 canons left Newsham to colonise new houses in England. The following list gives in alphabetical order the names and dates of foundations of
483-630: The surface. Earthworks of interest to archaeologists include hill forts , henges , mounds , platform mounds , effigy mounds , enclosures , long barrows , tumuli , ridge and furrow , mottes , round barrows , and other tombs . Earthworks can vary in height from a few centimetres to the size of Silbury Hill at 40 metres (130 ft). They can date from the Neolithic to the present. The structures can also stretch for many tens of miles (e.g. Offa's Dyke and Antonine Wall ). In area, they can cover many hectares; for example, Maiden Castle , which
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#1733085508157506-426: Was located to the north of the village in the hamlet of Newsham, now part of Brocklesby civil parish. Brocklesby had a railway station until 1990s and since it was closed. The station building and platforms are now a private residence with the main railway lines still passing through it. The nearest railway station in current use is at Habrough . The Grade I listed Brocklesby Hall ( 53°35'11.44"N 0°17'0.09"W )
529-468: Was the first Premonstratensian house established in England. It was founded by Peter of Gousla, who held in Newsham one knight's fee of Ralf de Bayeux, with the consent of his lord. It was populated with a colony from Liegues Abbey, near Calais , France, then under the rule of Abbot Henry. On their arrival in England the White Canons were hospitably received by William, Earl of Lincoln , who confirmed
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