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81-546: The company was founded in April 1993 by N. Tuya to provide professional consulting services. In September 1995, the firm became the authorized distributor of Motorola to sell short and ultra short waveradio stations. At the same time, it formed its first subsidiary, MobiCom, as a joint venture with its Japanese partners, Sumitomo Corporation and KDDI Corporation . MobiCom started its operations, serving its first customers, on March 18, 1996 after 6 months of its establishment. Meeting

162-472: A French defense firm. Motorola's biometric business unit was headquartered in Anaheim, California. The deal closed in April 2009. The unit became part of Sagem Morpho , which was renamed MorphoTrak . On March 26, 2008, Motorola's board of directors approved a split into two different publicly traded companies. This came after talk of selling the company to another corporation. These new companies would comprise

243-699: A ban on the use of water that lasted three days and affected almost 5000 people in the area. Motorola was found to be the main source of the TCE, an industrial solvent that is thought to cause cancer. The TCE contamination was caused by a faulty blower on an air stripping tower that was used to take TCE from the water, and Motorola has attributed the situation to operator error. Of eighteen leading electronics manufacturers in Greenpeace 's Guide to Greener Electronics (October 2010), Motorola shared sixth place with competitors Panasonic and Sony . Motorola scored relatively well on

324-1087: A construction and mining equipment rentals and sales company, established in 2011. It is the authorized distributor for Terex and Genie brands in Mongolia . Tsegts LLC was established in 2004 as Newsec LLC to provide security services for all types of property. Newcom Group signed a strategic partnership with UC Berkeley ’s Center for Executive Education in July 2011 and launched the American University of Mongolia ’s Center for Executive Education in August, 2011 in Ulaanbaatar . The Center for Executive Education offers executive programs showcasing leadership , business management , strategy , project management , corporate finance , business contracts and negotiation , public policy , business communication , corporate social responsibility , marketing . Clean Energy Asia LLC (CEA)

405-421: A few. Beyond executing the change in the field, the change normally needs to be documented to show what was actually constructed. This is referred to as change management. Hence, the owner usually requires a final record to show all changes or, more specifically, any change that modifies the tangible portions of the finished work. The record is made on the contract documents – usually, but not necessarily limited to,

486-546: A further 4,000 job cuts in June and another 20% cut of its research division a few days later. In July 2008, a large number of executives left Motorola to work on Apple Inc. 's iPhone . The company's handset division was also put on offer for sale. Also that month, analyst Mark McKechnie from American Technology Research said that Motorola "would be lucky to fetch $ 500 million" for selling its handset business. Analyst Richard Windsor said that Motorola might have to pay someone to take

567-553: A more central player in the early stages of the GSM standardization process in 1987. With this addition Motorola strengthened its position in Europe significantly. As Motorola's European development arm, Storno developed a GSM terminal in 1992. On January 29, 1988, Motorola sold its Arcade, New York facility and automotive alternators, electromechanical speedometers and tachometers products to Prestolite Electric . In 1996, Motorola released

648-426: A project to requirements might be agreeing to deliver a computer system that will process staff data and manage payroll, holiday, and staff personnel records in shorter times with reduced errors. Under BRM, the agreement might be to achieve a specified reduction in staff hours and errors required to process and maintain staff data after the system installation when compared without the system. Critical path method (CPM)

729-417: A project. With the correct documentation, a project's success can be tracked and observed as the project goes on. If performed correctly documentation can be the backbone of a project's success Monitoring and controlling consist of those processes performed to observe project execution so that potential problems can be identified in a timely manner and corrective action can be taken, when necessary, to control

810-459: A significant exploratory element (e.g., research and development ), these stages may be supplemented with decision points (go/no go decisions) at which the project's continuation is debated and decided. An example is the Phase–gate model . Project management relies on a wide variety of meetings to coordinate actions. For instance, there is the kick-off meeting, which broadly involves stakeholders at

891-430: A very different discipline. For example, project managers have a key role in improving the translation even when they do not speak the language of the translation, because they know the study objectives well to make informed decisions. Similarly, research study management can also apply a project manage approach. There is public project management that covers all public works by the government, which can be carried out by

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972-422: Is PRINCE2 . Traditionally (depending on what project management methodology is being used), project management includes a number of elements: four to five project management process groups, and a control system. Regardless of the methodology or terminology used, the same basic project management processes or stages of development will be used. Major process groups generally include: In project environments with

1053-402: Is an algorithm for determining the schedule for project activities. It is the traditional process used for predictive-based project planning. The CPM method evaluates the sequence of activities, the work effort required, the inter-dependencies, and the resulting float time per line sequence to determine the required project duration. Thus, by definition, the critical path is the pathway of tasks on

1134-401: Is an extension to the theory and practice of EVM. In critical studies of project management, it has been noted that phased approaches are not well suited for projects which are large-scale and multi-company, with undefined, ambiguous, or fast-changing requirements, or those with high degrees of risk, dependency, and fast-changing technologies. The cone of uncertainty explains some of this as

1215-523: Is based on a project as a production system view, in which a project transforms inputs (raw materials, information, labor, plant & machinery) into outputs (goods and services). Product-based planning is a structured approach to project management, based on identifying all of the products (project deliverables ) that contribute to achieving the project objectives. As such, it defines a successful project as output-oriented rather than activity- or task-oriented. The most common implementation of this approach

1296-399: Is being commissioned on June 20, 2013. Newcom Property LLC, after being set up in 1997 as Newcom Group’s real estate management and service division, became an independent company in 2005 specializing in property management services for real estate owners, investors , private individuals, businesses and organizations. The company now has over 230 employees. Newcom Mining Services LLC is

1377-414: Is easy to see whether or not a project's requirement has been met. To go along with that, documentation provides information regarding what has already been completed for that project. Documentation throughout a project provides a paper trail for anyone who needs to go back and reference the work in the past. In most cases, documentation is the most successful way to monitor and control the specific phases of

1458-466: Is famous for his use of the Gantt chart as a project management tool (alternatively Harmonogram first proposed by Karol Adamiecki ); and Henri Fayol for his creation of the five management functions that form the foundation of the body of knowledge associated with project and program management. Both Gantt and Fayol were students of Frederick Winslow Taylor 's theories of scientific management . His work

1539-426: Is happening to keep a project on track. This can help to reduce the risk of a completed project being a failure by delivering agreed upon requirements (outputs) i.e. project success but failing to deliver the benefits (outcomes) of those requirements i.e. product success. Note that good requirements management will ensure these benefits are captured as requirements of the project and their achievement monitored throughout

1620-521: Is referred to as IT project management and which specializes in the delivery of technical assets and services that are required to pass through various lifecycle phases such as planning, design, development, testing, and deployment. Biotechnology project management focuses on the intricacies of biotechnology research and development. Localization project management includes application of many standard project management practices to translation works even though many consider this type of management to be

1701-472: Is the forerunner to modern project management tools including work breakdown structure (WBS) and resource allocation . The 1950s marked the beginning of the modern project management era, where core engineering fields came together to work as one. Project management became recognized as a distinct discipline arising from the management discipline with the engineering model. In the United States, prior to

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1782-925: Is the leading Mongolian domestic airline with the largest network of domestic destinations within Mongolia and highest flight frequency on these routes. The airline was established on December 6, 2006 by Newcom LLC, one of the largest holding companies of Mongolia . The first scheduled service flight of Eznis Airways was from Ulaanbaatar to Choibalsan in December 2006. Now the airline operates domestic scheduled and charter flights to 5 destinations of Mongolia including Dornod, Khuvsgul, Umnugobi, Uvs and Bayan-Ulgii, and operates international scheduled service to Hailar in China's Inner Mongolia region, and charter services to points in China, Russia and Kazakhstan . The airline’s name “Eznis” means ‘easiness in flight’. The name consists of two parts which when put together say 'easy flight':

1863-448: Is the process of supervising the work of a team to achieve all project goals within the given constraints. This information is usually described in project documentation , created at the beginning of the development process. The primary constraints are scope , time and budget . The secondary challenge is to optimize the allocation of necessary inputs and apply them to meet predefined objectives. The objective of project management

1944-525: Is to increase the flow of projects in an organization ( throughput ). Applying the first three of the five focusing steps of TOC, the system constraint for all projects, as well as the resources, are identified. To exploit the constraint, tasks on the critical chain are given priority over all other activities. Earned value management (EVM) extends project management with techniques to improve project monitoring. It illustrates project progress towards completion in terms of work and value (cost). Earned Schedule

2025-508: Is to produce a complete project which complies with the client's objectives. In many cases, the objective of project management is also to shape or reform the client's brief to feasibly address the client's objectives. Once the client's objectives are established, they should influence all decisions made by other people involved in the project– for example, project managers, designers, contractors and subcontractors. Ill-defined or too tightly prescribed project management objectives are detrimental to

2106-797: The Motorola Droid , was released in 2009 (the GSM version launched a month later, in Europe, as the Motorola Milestone). The handset division, along with the cable set-top box and modem businesses, were later spun off into Motorola Mobility. Motorola was founded in Chicago, Illinois , as Galvin Manufacturing Corporation (at 847 West Harrison Street) in 1928. Paul Galvin wanted a brand name for Galvin Manufacturing Corporation's new car radio, and created

2187-573: The Motorola StarMax , which was a Macintosh clone that was licensed by Apple and it came with System 7 . However, with the return of Steve Jobs to Apple in 1997, Apple released Mac OS 8 . Because the clone makers' licenses were valid only for Apple's System 7 operating system, Apple's release of Mac OS 8 left the clone manufacturers unable to ship a current Mac OS version without negotiation with Apple. A heated telephone conversation between Jobs and then Motorola CEO Christopher Galvin resulted in

2268-426: The management of such distinct production approaches requires the development of distinct technical skills and management strategies. Until 1900, civil engineering projects were generally managed by creative architects, engineers, and master builders themselves, for example, Vitruvius (first century BC), Christopher Wren (1632–1723), Thomas Telford (1757–1834), and Isambard Kingdom Brunel (1806–1859). In

2349-415: The methodology employed, careful consideration must be given to the overall project objectives, timeline, and cost, as well as the roles and responsibilities of all participants and stakeholders . Benefits realization management (BRM) enhances normal project management techniques through a focus on outcomes (benefits) of a project rather than products or outputs and then measuring the degree to which that

2430-408: The 1950s, organizations started to apply project-management tools and techniques more systematically to complex engineering projects. As a discipline, project management developed from several fields of application including civil construction, engineering, and heavy defense activity. Two forefathers of project management are Henry Gantt , called the father of planning and control techniques, who

2511-413: The 1950s, projects were managed on an ad-hoc basis, using mostly Gantt charts and informal techniques and tools. At that time, two mathematical project-scheduling models were developed. The critical path method (CPM) was developed as a joint venture between DuPont Corporation and Remington Rand Corporation for managing plant maintenance projects. The program evaluation and review technique (PERT),

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2592-524: The Iron Triangle or Triple Constraint in order for projects to be considered a success or failure. For each type of project management, project managers develop and utilize repeatable templates that are specific to the industry they're dealing with. This allows project plans to become very thorough and highly repeatable, with the specific intent to increase quality, lower delivery costs, and lower time to deliver project results. A 2017 study suggested that

2673-507: The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved the DynaTAC 8000X telephone, the world's first commercial cellular device. By 1998, cell phones accounted for two thirds of Motorola's gross revenue. In 1986 Motorola acquired Storno resulting in a whole new range of innovative communication products for the new owner, including the NMT , an automatic cellular phone system, and made Motorola

2754-471: The U.S. state of Illinois) included the Village of River Forest, Village of Bellwood Police Department, City of Evanston Police, Illinois State Highway Police, and Cook County (Chicago area) Police. Many of Motorola's products have been radio-related, starting with a battery eliminator for battery powered radios (during the burgeoning electrification of rural homes), through the first handheld walkie-talkie in

2835-531: The business units of Motorola Mobile Devices and Motorola Broadband & Mobility Solutions. Originally it was expected that this action would be approved by regulatory bodies and complete by mid-2009, but the split was delayed due to company restructuring problems and the 2008–2009 extreme economic downturn. On February 11, 2010, Motorola announced it would separate into two independent, publicly traded companies. The cell phone and cable television equipment businesses would spin off to form Motorola Mobility , while

2916-532: The chemicals criteria and has a goal to eliminate PVC plastic and Brominated flame retardants (BFRs), though only in mobile devices and not in all its products introduced after 2010, despite the fact that Sony Ericsson and Nokia were already there. All of its mobile phones were now PVC-free and it had two PVC and BFR-free mobile phones, the A45 ECO and the GRASP; all chargers were also free from PVC and BFRs. The company

2997-537: The company reported a profit of $ 162 million, which compared very favorably to the $ 26 million earned for the same period the year before. Its Mobile Devices division reported, for the first time in years, earnings of $ 87 million. Motorola, Inc., along with the Arizona Water Co. had been identified as the sources of trichloroethylene (TCE) contamination that took place in Scottsdale, Arizona . The malfunction led to

3078-549: The decisionmaking process. A project is a temporary and unique endeavor designed to produce a product, service or result with a defined beginning and end (usually time-constrained, often constrained by funding or staffing) undertaken to meet unique goals and objectives, typically to bring about beneficial change or added value. The temporary nature of projects stands in contrast with business as usual (or operations) , which are repetitive, permanent or semi-permanent functional activities to produce products or services. In practice,

3159-405: The design drawings. The end product of this effort is what the industry terms as-built drawings, or more simply, "as built." The requirement for providing them is a norm in construction contracts. Construction document management is a highly important task undertaken with the aid of an online or desktop software system or maintained through physical documentation. The increasing legality pertaining to

3240-462: The division off the company's hands, and that Motorola may even exit the handset market altogether. Its global market share has been on the decline; from 18.4% of the market in 2007 the company had a share of just 6.0% by Q1 2009, but at last, Motorola scored a profit of $ 26 million in Q2 and showed an increase of 12% in stocks for the first time after losses in many quarters. During the second quarter of 2010,

3321-471: The execution of the project. The key benefit is that project performance is observed and measured regularly to identify variances from the project management plan. Monitoring and controlling include: Two main mechanisms support monitoring and controlling in projects. On the one hand, contracts offer a set of rules and incentives often supported by potential penalties and sanctions. On the other hand, scholars in business and management have paid attention to

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3402-449: The famous words "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind" from the Moon on a Motorola transceiver. In 1973, Motorola demonstrated the first hand-held portable telephone. In 1974, Motorola introduced its first microprocessor, the 8-bit MC6800 , used in automotive, computing and video game applications. The 6800 was the basis for the more popular MOS Technology 6502 which

3483-617: The first integrated process for portfolio, program, and project management ( total cost management framework). In 1969, the Project Management Institute (PMI) was formed in the USA. PMI publishes the original version of A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) in 1996 with William Duncan as its primary author, which describes project management practices that are common to "most projects, most of

3564-582: The first two letters “Ez” stand for “easy” in English and “nis” is a Mongolian word meaning “fly”. Eznis Airways ceased all operations from 22 May 2014 due to the financial difficulties and the current situation at the airline industry. Clean Energy Company (75% owned by Newcom and 25% owned by the EBRD ) was established in 2004, initially to collect data from wind measurement stations established on Salkhit Mountain some 70 kilometers southeast of Ulaanbaatar to assess

3645-409: The government agencies or contracted out to contractors. Another classification of project management is based on the hard (physical) or soft (non-physical) type. Common among all the project management types is that they focus on three important goals: time, quality, and cost. Successful projects are completed on schedule, within budget, and according to previously agreed quality standards i.e. meeting

3726-666: The initiation stage, the project is planned to an appropriate level of detail (see an example of a flowchart ). The main purpose is to plan time, cost, and resources adequately to estimate the work needed and to effectively manage risk during project execution. As with the Initiation process group, a failure to adequately plan greatly reduces the project's chances of successfully accomplishing its goals. Project planning generally consists of Additional processes, such as planning for communications and for scope management, identifying roles and responsibilities, determining what to purchase for

3807-560: The intellectual property of Sendo for $ 30,000 and paid £362,575 for the plant, machinery and equipment. In June 2006, Motorola acquired the software platform ( AJAR ) developed by the British company TTP Communications plc. Later in 2006, the firm announced a music subscription service named iRadio . The technology came after a break in a partnership with Apple Computer (which in 2005 had produced an iTunes compatible cell phone ROKR E1 , and most recently, mid-2007, its own iPhone ). iRadio

3888-675: The name "Motorola" by linking "motor" (from motor car) with "ola" (from Victrola ), which was also a popular ending for many companies at the time, e.g. Moviola , Crayola . The company sold its first Motorola branded radio on June 23, 1930, to Herbert C. Wall of Fort Wayne, Indiana, for $ 30. The Motorola brand name became so well known that Galvin Manufacturing Corporation later changed its name to Motorola, Inc., in 1947. Galvin Manufacturing Corporation began selling Motorola car-radio receivers to police departments and municipalities in November 1930. The company's first public safety customers (all in

3969-475: The network diagram that has no extra time available (or very little extra time)." Critical chain project management (CCPM) is an application of the theory of constraints (TOC) to planning and managing projects and is designed to deal with the uncertainties inherent in managing projects, while taking into consideration the limited availability of resources (physical, human skills, as well as management & support capacity) needed to execute projects. The goal

4050-405: The objective, participant list, and facilitation methods. The initiating processes determine the nature and scope of the project. If this stage is not performed well, it is unlikely that the project will be successful in meeting the business' needs. The key project controls needed here are an understanding of the business environment and making sure that all necessary controls are incorporated into

4131-512: The organization. For example, when working on a brick-and-mortar design and construction, projects will typically progress through stages like pre-planning, conceptual design, schematic design, design development, construction drawings (or contract documents), and construction administration. While the phased approach works well for small, well-defined projects, it often results in challenge or failure on larger projects, or those that are more complex or have more ambiguities, issues, and risks - see

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4212-442: The other hand, allows for stochastic activity times; the times at which each activity will be carried out are uncertain or varied. Because of this core difference, CPM and PERT are used in different contexts. These mathematical techniques quickly spread into many private enterprises. At the same time, as project-scheduling models were being developed, technology for project cost estimating , cost management and engineering economics

4293-503: The parodying 'six phases of a big project'. The incorporation of process-based management has been driven by the use of maturity models such as the OPM3 and the CMMI (capability maturity model integration; see Image:Capability Maturity Model.jpg Project production management is the application of operations management to the delivery of capital projects. The Project production management framework

4374-549: The planning made on the initial phase of the project suffers from a high degree of uncertainty. This becomes especially true as software development is often the realization of a new or novel product. These complexities are better handled with a more exploratory or iterative and incremental approach. Several models of iterative and incremental project management have evolved, including agile project management , dynamic systems development method , extreme project management , and Innovation Engineering®. Lean project management uses

4455-523: The principles from lean manufacturing to focus on delivering value with less waste and reduced time. There are five phases to a project lifecycle; known as process groups. Each process group represents a series of inter-related processes to manage the work through a series of distinct steps to be completed. This type of project approach is often referred to as "traditional" or " waterfall ". The five process groups are: Some industries may use variations of these project stages and rename them to better suit

4536-572: The project into compliance with the project management plan. Project maintenance is an ongoing process, and it includes: In this stage, auditors should pay attention to how effectively and quickly user problems are resolved. Over the course of any construction project, the work scope may change. Change is a normal and expected part of the construction process. Changes can be the result of necessary design modifications, differing site conditions, material availability, contractor-requested changes, value engineering, and impacts from third parties, to name

4617-488: The project management plan's deliverables are executed accordingly. This phase involves proper allocation, coordination, and management of human resources and any other resources such as materials and budgets. The output of this phase is the project deliverables. Documenting everything within a project is key to being successful. To maintain budget, scope, effectiveness and pace a project must have physical documents pertaining to each specific task. With correct documentation, it

4698-446: The project's initiation. Project meetings or project committees enable the project team to define and monitor action plans. Steering committees are used to transition between phases and resolve issues. Project portfolio and program reviews are conducted in organizations running parallel projects. Lessons learned meetings are held to consolidate learnings. All these meetings employ techniques found in meeting science , particularly to define

4779-466: The project, and holding a kick-off meeting are also generally advisable. For new product development projects, conceptual design of the operation of the final product may be performed concurrent with the project planning activities and may help to inform the planning team when identifying deliverables and planning activities. While executing we must know what are the planned terms that need to be executed . The execution/implementation phase ensures that

4860-404: The project. In addition, BRM practices aim to ensure the strategic alignment between project outcomes and business strategies. The effectiveness of these practices is supported by recent research evidencing BRM practices influencing project success from a strategic perspective across different countries and industries. These wider effects are called the strategic impact. An example of delivering

4941-423: The project. Any deficiencies should be reported and a recommendation should be made to fix them. The initiating stage should include a plan that encompasses the following areas. These areas can be recorded in a series of documents called Project Initiation documents. Project Initiation documents are a series of planned documents used to create an order for the duration of the project. These tend to include: After

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5022-414: The remainder of Motorola, Inc., which comprised the government and enterprise equipment businesses, would become Motorola Solutions . The split was closed on January 4, 2011. Motorola Mobility was eventually acquired by Google on May 22, 2012. Google later sold Motorola Mobility's cable equipment business to Arris Group in December 2012, and Motorola Mobility itself to Lenovo on October 30, 2014. At

5103-503: The requirements of the tender announced by the Government of Mongolia, MobiCom launched its network with GSM technology, which is the most advanced digital system of mobile communication. Today, MobiCom has become the largest Mobile Telephone Service provider, with over 1,200,000 subscribers, and the biggest corporation in the information technology sector of Mongolia. The following companies are subsidiaries of MobiCom: Eznis Airways

5184-532: The role of integrators (also called project barons) to achieve a project's objectives. In turn, recent research in project management has questioned the type of interplay between contracts and integrators. Some have argued that these two monitoring mechanisms operate as substitutes as one type of organization would decrease the advantages of using the other one. In multi-phase projects, the monitoring and control process also provides feedback between project phases, to implement corrective or preventive actions to bring

5265-402: The site's suitability for the construction of a wind farm . Wind data has been collected from the site for over two years and the raw data has been compiled and assessed by Global Energy Concepts of the United States with the result that the selected site shows excellent potential for wind generation. The wind farm - the first in Mongolia - has been completed with financing from the EBRD and

5346-454: The success of any project depends on how well four key aspects are aligned with the contextual dynamics affecting the project, these are referred to as the four P's : There are a number of approaches to organizing and completing project activities, including phased, lean, iterative, and incremental. There are also several extensions to project planning, for example, based on outcomes (product-based) or activities (process-based). Regardless of

5427-606: The termination of Motorola's clone contract, the discontinuation of the Motorola StarMax, and the long-favored Apple being demoted to "just another customer" mainly for PowerPC CPUs. Apple (and Jobs) did not want Motorola to limit the PowerPC CPU supply so as retaliation, Apple and IBM expelled Motorola from the AIM alliance and forced Motorola to stop producing any PowerPC CPUs, leaving IBM to make all future PowerPC CPUs. However, Motorola

5508-468: The time of its split, Motorola had three divisions: Motorola's handset division recorded a loss of $ 1.2 billion in the fourth quarter of 2007, while the company as a whole earned $ 100 million during that quarter. It lost several key executives to rivals, and the website TrustedReviews called the company's products repetitive and un-innovative. Motorola laid off 3,500 workers in January 2008, followed by

5589-574: The time." Project management methods can be applied to any project. It is often tailored to a specific type of project based on project size, nature, industry or sector. For example, the construction industry, which focuses on the delivery of things like buildings, roads, and bridges, has developed its own specialized form of project management that it refers to as construction project management and in which project managers can become trained and certified. The information technology industry has also evolved to develop its own form of project management that

5670-448: The value of World War II military production contracts. Motorola went public in 1943, and became Motorola, Inc. in 1947. At that time Motorola's main business was producing and selling televisions and radios. The last plant was listed in Quincy, Illinois at 1400 North 30th Street where 1,200 employees made radio assemblies for both homes and automobiles. In 1969, Neil Armstrong spoke

5751-527: The world in 1940, defense electronics, cellular infrastructure equipment, and mobile phone manufacturing. In the same year, the company built its research and development program with Dan Noble , a pioneer in FM radio and semiconductor technologies, who joined the company as director of research. The company produced the hand-held AM SCR-536 radio during World War II , which was vital to Allied communication. Motorola ranked 94th among United States corporations in

5832-676: The world's first commercial GPRS cellular network to BT Cellnet in the United Kingdom. Motorola also developed the world's first GPRS cell phone. In August 2000, Motorola acquired Printrak International Inc. for $ 160 million. In doing so, Motorola not only acquired computer aided dispatch and related software, but also acquired Automated fingerprint identification system software. With recent acquisitions from that year, Motorola reached its peak employment of 150,000 employees worldwide. Two years later, employment would be at 93,000 due to layoffs and spinoffs. In June 2005, Motorola overtook

5913-767: Was a pioneer in cellular telephones. Also known as the Personal Communication Sector (PCS) prior to 2004, it pioneered the "mobile phone" with the first truly mobile "brick phone" DynaTAC , "flip phone" with the MicroTAC as well as the "clam phone" with the StarTAC in the mid-1990s. It had staged a resurgence by the mid-2000s with the RAZR , but lost market share in the second half of that decade. Later it focused on smartphones using Google 's open-source Android mobile operating system. The first phone to use Android 2.0 "Eclair" ,

5994-540: Was also increasing the proportion of recycled materials used in its products. For example, the housings for the MOTO W233 Renew and MOTOCUBO A45 Eco mobile phones contained plastic from post-consumer recycled water cooler bottles. According to the company's information, all of Motorola's newly designed chargers met the current Energy Star requirements and exceed the requirements for standby/no-load modes by at least 67%. Project management Project management

6075-521: Was developed by the U.S. Navy Special Projects Office in conjunction with the Lockheed Corporation and Booz Allen Hamilton as part of the Polaris missile submarine program. PERT and CPM are very similar in their approach but still present some differences. CPM is used for projects that assume deterministic activity times; the times at which each activity will be carried out are known. PERT, on

6156-596: Was established in 2012 as a joint venture between Newcom LLC Newcom LLC and SB Energy Corp., renewable energy arm of Japan’s Softbank Corporation . Motorola Motorola, Inc. ( / ˌ m oʊ t ə ˈ r oʊ l ə / ) was an American multinational telecommunications company based in Schaumburg, Illinois . It was founded in 1928 as Galvin Manufacturing Corporation by brothers Paul and Joseph Galvin. The company changed its name to Motorola in 1947. After having lost $ 4.3 billion from 2007 to 2009, Motorola

6237-580: Was evolving, with pioneering work by Hans Lang and others. In 1956, the American Association of Cost Engineers (now AACE International ; the Association for the Advancement of Cost Engineering ) was formed by early practitioners of project management and the associated specialties of planning and scheduling , cost estimating, and project control. AACE continued its pioneering work and in 2006, released

6318-532: Was later reinstated into the alliance in 1998. In 1998, Motorola was overtaken by Nokia as the world's biggest seller of mobile phone handsets. In 1999, Motorola separated a portion of its semiconductor business—the Semiconductor Components Group (SCG)-- and formed onsemi (then ON Semiconductor ), whose headquarters were located in Phoenix, Arizona . In June 2000, Motorola and Cisco supplied

6399-548: Was made by former Motorola employees. That same year, Motorola sold its television business to the Japan-based Matsushita – the parent company of Panasonic . In 1980, Motorola's next generation 32-bit microprocessor, the MC68000 , led the wave of technologies that spurred the computing revolution in 1984, powering devices from companies such as Apple , Commodore , Atari , Sun , and Hewlett-Packard . In September 1983,

6480-932: Was split into two independent public companies, Motorola Mobility and Motorola Solutions , on January 4, 2011. The reorganization was structured with Motorola Solutions legally succeeding Motorola, Inc., and Motorola Mobility being spun off. Motorola designed and sold wireless network equipment such as cellular transmission base stations and signal amplifiers. Motorola's home and broadcast network products included set-top boxes , digital video recorders , and network equipment used to enable video broadcasting, computer telephony, and high-definition television . Its business and government customers consisted mainly of wireless voice and broadband systems (used to build private networks), and public safety communications systems like Astro and Dimetra . These businesses, except for set-top boxes and cable modems , became part of Motorola Solutions. Motorola's wireless telephone handset division

6561-464: Was to have many similarities with existing satellite radio services (such as Sirius and XM Radio ) by offering live streams of commercial-free music content. Unlike satellite services, however, iRadio content would be downloaded via a broadband internet connection. However, iRadio was never commercially released. Greg Brown became Motorola's chief executive officer in 2008. In October 2008, Motorola agreed to sell its Biometrics business to Safran ,

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