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90-506: NZARP began as a proposal by the New Zealand government , in 1953, for a research base in Antarctica. Its mission was to provide support for a variety of scientific fieldwork in Antarctica. Members worked as researchers, assistants, tour guides, operators, and administrators to Scott Base . Ground was broken for Scott Base on 10 January 1957. Assembly of the base began 12 January, conducted by

180-446: A general election . Not since 1928 has a government been defeated on a confidence vote and therefore been obliged to resign. The Constitution Act 1986 stipulates that general elections must be held at least every three years, making this the maximum period of time that a government can serve without seeking renewal of its mandate . Upon the dissolution of Parliament (preceding a general election) ministers are no longer members of

270-467: A portfolio of specific responsibilities such as departments or policy areas, although ministers without portfolio can be appointed. The position of prime minister belongs to the person who commands the confidence of the majority of members in the House of Representatives. The position is determined also by several other factors, such as support agreements between parties and internal leadership votes in

360-846: A Master of Commerce (Business Administration) degree. During his high school and university years, Luxon worked part-time at McDonald's New Zealand and as a porter at the Parkroyal Hotel . Luxon worked for Unilever from 1993 to 2011, starting in Wellington as a management trainee for two years, leaving for Sydney in 1995. He worked his way up in Unilever, working in Sydney until 2000, in London from 2000 to 2003, and then Chicago from 2003 to 2008, becoming "Global Deodorants and Grooming Category" Director. In 2008 when Unilever restructured, he became president of

450-692: A balance between economic growth and environmental protection. That same day, Luxon attended the annual Big Gay Out festival in the Auckland suburb of Point Chevalier but left early after encountering opposition from transgender rights and Palestinian solidarity protesters. On 2 April 2024, Luxon announced a 36-point full second quarter action plan for the next three months, focusing on the economy and cost of living, law and order, and public services. Notable policies and priorities have included reducing wasteful spending, investing in "frontline" services, legislating on income tax relief, childcare tax credit, improving

540-468: A business and media delegation consisting of representatives from Air New Zealand , ANZ Bank , Fonterra , Silver Fern Farms , Zespri and Rocket Lab on a state visit to Japan. The RNZAF Boeing 757 jet carrying them sustained two broken fuses while refuelling at Port Moresby in Papua New Guinea . Following the breakdown, Luxon took a commercial flight to Tokyo while Air New Zealand diverted

630-409: A corresponding public service department ( see § Departments ). The most important minister, following the prime minister, is the finance minister , while other high-profile portfolios include foreign affairs , justice , health and education . Traditionally, all members are collectively responsible for the actions taken by Cabinet—typically all Cabinet ministers must publicly support

720-686: A new mathematics curriculum from early 2025 with a focus on raising student standards and achievement. In response, the New Zealand Educational Institute expressed concerns that rapid changes to the maths and literacy curriculum and the short teaching training timeframe would strain the teaching workforce without delivering on its goals. During Local Government New Zealand 's annual conference held on 21 August 2024, Luxon called on local and regional councils to focus on rubbish collection, water infrastructure and other local assets. He also criticised so-called "nice to have projects" such as

810-414: A plane to carry the rest of the delegation to Japan. During his visit to Japan, Luxon met with Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida and signed a bilateral information security agreement to improve intelligence sharing between the two governments. On 9 July 2024, Luxon left New Zealand for Washington, D.C. to attend the 2024 Washington summit as an Indo-Pacific ally. The next day, he met members of

900-402: A plurality of 48 at the 2023 general election , following polls narrowing and then strongly favouring National from the middle of the year onwards. Despite enjoying a 12-percentage point swing, National returned the second-lowest vote share of any party that has won a plurality under proportional representation . Luxon was subsequently sworn in as prime minister on 27 November 2023, and leads

990-481: A sales executive and his mother, Kathleen Luxon (née Turnbull), worked as a psychotherapist and counsellor. After a year at Saint Kentigern College and another year at Howick College , the family returned to Christchurch and Luxon spent three years at Christchurch Boys' High School . While there, he won the prize for senior debating. He subsequently studied at the University of Canterbury from 1989 to 1992, gaining

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1080-468: A sweep of National seats lost to Labour in the 2020 general election , Luxon won Botany with 52% of the vote. In his maiden speech , Luxon praised Martin Luther King Jr. and Kate Sheppard as part of a defence of Christians such as himself in public life, claiming that being Christian had become an identity that "it has become acceptable to stereotype as being extreme." We will all ultimately get

1170-998: A tour of Singapore , Thailand and the Philippines as part of a "very deliberate" foreign policy reset meant to shore up Southeast Asia 's strategic and commercial importance to New Zealand. In Singapore, he met with Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and his designated successor Deputy Prime Minister Lawrence Wong to discuss bilateral defence, trade and security cooperation. On 16 April, Luxon met with Thai Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin to promote bilateral business links and trade, and encourage travel and tourism in Thailand. On 18 April, Luxon along with Filipino-New Zealander MP Paulo Garcia met with Philippines President Bongbong Marcos to discuss bilateral defence, trade, people-to-people, and climate cooperation. In early June 2024, Luxon visited Premier of Niue Dalton Tagelagi . On 5 June, Luxon announced an agreement to enhance

1260-673: Is a formal body that meets to give legal effect to decisions made by the Cabinet, and to carry out various other functions, such as the making of certain appointments to government agencies and boards. The Executive Council's primary function is to issue Orders in Council , which are legally binding regulations made by the Government. All ministers are members of the Executive Council, and are styled " The Honourable " while in office (or for life if

1350-653: Is a reference to the monarch, King Charles III , who is the head of state under the Constitution Act 1986. The legal authority of the state that is vested in the monarch, known as " the Crown ", which is the source of the executive power exercised by the Government. Sovereignty in New Zealand has never rested solely with the monarch due to the English Bill of Rights 1689 , later inherited by New Zealand, which establishes

1440-544: Is an evangelical Christian who is recognised as a social conservative . In his maiden parliamentary speech , Luxon defined himself as centre-right and moderate; the government he leads has been described as conservative and right-wing , and one of the most so since the 1990s . Luxon supports low taxes, making cuts to the Ministry of Social Development , establishing military-style boot-camps for young offenders, and introducing stringent anti- gang legislation, and

1530-644: Is generally regarded as having been the country's first prime minister. The first ministry that formed along party lines did not appear until 1891, when John Ballance formed the Liberal Party and the Liberal Government . The prime minister became the leader and public face of the governing party. The status of the monarch's representative was upgraded from "governor" to " governor-general " in 1917 letters patent . In short, there have been three distinctly different periods of New Zealand government—firstly,

1620-490: Is not in itself a political agenda. I believe no religion should dictate to the State, and no politician should use the political platform they have to force their beliefs on others. As MPs, we serve the common cause of all New Zealanders—not one religion, not one group, not one interest. A person should not be elected because of their faith, nor should they be rejected because of it. – Luxon's maiden speech, 24 March 2021 Luxon

1710-430: Is opposed to welfare dependency and to co-governance with Māori . In November 2019, Luxon said he was against abortion , euthanasia , and legalising recreational cannabis , though at the same time he supported medicinal use of cannabis . He also at the time supported a "no jab, no pay" policy for sanctioning welfare beneficiaries who did not vaccinate their children; however, following his election as leader of

1800-430: Is said to serve " at His Majesty's pleasure ". As per the conventional stipulations of constitutional monarchy , the king and his representative rarely intervene directly in political affairs. Just as the sovereign's choice of governor-general is on the prime minister's advice, the governor-general exercises the executive powers of state on the advice of ministers. For example, the governor-general's power to withhold

1890-424: Is selected on the advice of the prime minister. " Advice " in this sense is a choice without options since it would be highly unconventional for the prime minister's advice to be ignored—a convention that protects the monarchy. As long as the monarch is following the advice of his ministers, he is not held personally responsible for the decisions of the Government. The governor-general has no official term limit , and

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1980-622: The 2023 general election , Luxon claimed Chris Hipkins would form a " coalition of chaos " with the Green Party and Te Pāti Māori, the two other left-wing parties in Parliament, the latter of whom he described as "separatist" and "radical". On 14 October 2023, Christopher Luxon led the National Party to victory over the Labour Party in the 2023 general election , with 48 seats and 38.1% of

2070-512: The Abortion Legislation Act 2020 should he become prime minister. The abortion-rights group Abortion Law Reform Association of New Zealand put out a statement describing his views as "not representative of the values of mainstream New Zealanders." He was questioned about being one of only 15 MPs to vote against the first reading of a member's bill that would establish safe access zones around abortion facilities. He said that he

2160-519: The Executive Council and accountable to the elected legislature , the House of Representatives. Several senior ministers (usually 20) constitute a collective decision-making body known as the Cabinet , which is led by the prime minister (currently Christopher Luxon ). A few more ministers (usually junior or supporting) are part of the Executive Council but are outside Cabinet. Most ministers have

2250-530: The Pacific Islands Forum . The two leaders also discussed their governments' disagreements about New Zealand's involvement in the AUKUS security pact and Chinese missile testing. Luxon also accepted an invitation from Xi to visit China in early 2025. In addition, Luxon met with US President Biden and Secretary of State Antony Blinken to reaffirm friendly bilateral relations. My faith is personal to me. It

2340-458: The Shadow Cabinet of Judith Collins . In April 2021, when Judith Collins 's leadership of the party came into question following the election, it was speculated that Luxon could become leader, with Simon Bridges as a main alternative. After the removal of Collins as party leader on 25 November, Luxon was cited as a potential replacement. On 30 November, following Bridges's withdrawal from

2430-588: The Sixth National Government , with the aid of two right-wing parties, ACT New Zealand and New Zealand First . Christopher Mark Luxon was born in Christchurch on 19 July 1970, to a Roman Catholic family of Irish, Scottish and English descent. He lived in Christchurch until the age of seven, when his family moved to Howick in Auckland . His father, Graham Luxon, worked for Johnson & Johnson as

2520-482: The central government deals with issues relevant to New Zealand and its people as a nation, local government exists "to enable democratic local decision-making and action by, and on behalf of, communities", and "to meet the current and future needs of communities for good-quality local infrastructure, local public services, and performance of regulatory functions in a way that is most cost-effective for households and businesses." Christopher Luxon Leader of

2610-559: The free association relationship between the two countries and that New Zealand would invest NZ$ 20.5 million into a new large-scale renewable energy project on Niue. In mid-June 2024, Luxon and Governor-General Dame Cindy Kiro hosted Chinese Premier Li Qiang during his state visit to Wellington and Auckland. During the visit, China agreed to extend visa-free travel to New Zealanders while New Zealand agreed to support Chinese language training and cultural exchange programmes provided by local Confucius Institutes . In mid-June, Luxon led

2700-467: The " Beehive " because of the building's shape, houses many government offices and is also where the Cabinet meets. Thus the name Beehive is sometimes used metonymically to refer to the New Zealand Government. The official website of the New Zealand Government uses the web address beehive.govt.nz . The first New Zealand Constitution Act was passed in 1846, though Governor George Grey

2790-486: The Abolition of Provinces Act 1876, during the premiership of Harry Atkinson . For the purposes of the law, the provinces formally ceased to exist on 1 January 1877. The Sewell Ministry constituted the first responsible government , with control over all domestic matters other than native policy. Formed in 1856, it lasted from 18 April to 20 May. From 7 May onward, Henry Sewell was titled " colonial secretary ", and

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2880-427: The Cabinet as a legal entity; it exists solely by constitutional convention. Its decisions do not in and of themselves have legal force; however, it serves as the practical expression of the Executive Council, which is New Zealand's highest formal governmental body. The prime minister is responsible for chairing meetings of Cabinet. The governor-general will appoint as prime minister the person most likely to receive

2970-433: The Cabinet that outlines the Government's policy and legislative proposals. A few other ministers serve in the Executive Council but outside of Cabinet. Since the introduction of MMP, governments have been formed following agreements between a major party and smaller support parties. In such arrangements, government ministers from the support parties are often ministers outside Cabinet. Non-Cabinet ministers may also be from

3060-802: The Government was introducing legislation to combat abuse in care including banning strip searches on children and strengthening security checks for people working with children. On 20 December 2023, Luxon made his first state visit as head of government to Sydney where he met Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese . Luxon's trip to Australia was complicated by the Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) Boeing 757 VIP airplane needing repairs. Prior to becoming Prime Minister, Luxon had advocated using commercial aircraft for state visits over ageing Air Force aircraft, which needed repairs and maintenance. During his visit, Luxon affirmed New Zealand's nuclear-free policy but expressed openness to joining

3150-401: The Government's Local Water Done Well plan. On 6 May Luxon and Police and Corrections Minister Mark Mitchell announced that the Government would allocate NZ$ 1.9 billion from the upcoming 2024 New Zealand budget to training 470 new corrections officers and adding 810 beds to Waikeria Prison . In early August 2024, Luxon and Education Minister Erica Stanford announced plans to introduce

3240-559: The Government's action plan contained no "meaningful solutions" in the Government's "bingo card for environmental destruction and trickle-down economics". In late April 2024, Luxon stripped Melissa Lee of her Media and Communications ministerial portfolio and Penny Simmonds of her Disability Issues portfolio during a cabinet reshuffle . Lee had faced criticism for her response to Warner Bros. Discovery New Zealand 's closure of Newshub while Simmonds had faced criticism over her handling of changes to disability funding and services. Lee

3330-494: The Government's public sector cost cutting measures. A spokesperson also confirmed that Luxon would not be purchasing a ministerial car himself. Luxon delivered his first State of the Nation address on 18 February, where he blamed the previous Labour Government for the precarious state of the economy. Luxon also stated that his Government would focus on restoring the economy by reducing public spending and " red tape " while also finding

3420-466: The House of Representatives, with a sufficient number of MPs to win crucial parliamentary votes, will form a Cabinet —this is the sense intended when it is said that a political party "forms the government". The Constitution Act 1986 , the principal part of New Zealand's constitution, locates the executive government in the Executive Council , which also includes ministers outside Cabinet. The Executive Wing of Parliament Buildings , commonly called

3510-431: The House of Representatives; however, they can remain members of the Executive Council "until the expiration of the 28th day after the day on which that person ceases to be a member of Parliament". Also known as " ministers of the Crown ", these are members of Parliament who hold ministerial warrants from the Crown to perform certain functions of government. This includes formulating and implementing policies and advising

3600-424: The House. The Government is required by convention and for practical reasons to maintain the support, or confidence, of the House of Representatives. It also requires the support of the House for the maintenance of supply (by voting through the government's budgets ) and in order to pass primary legislation . By convention, if a government loses the confidence of the House then it must either resign or call for

3690-593: The Māori language. Luxon defended using taxpayer money to pay for his Māori language lessons, stating that "developing better skills in te reo was highly relevant to his role as Opposition leader and a potential Prime Minister. Labour leader and Leader of the Opposition Chris Hipkins accused Luxon of hypocrisy while the New Zealand Taxpayers' Union 's campaigns manager Connor Molloy urged Luxon to pay back

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3780-732: The National Party Leader of the Opposition Prime Minister General elections Christopher Mark Luxon ( / ˈ l ʌ k s ən / ; born 19 July 1970) is a New Zealand politician and former business executive who has been serving as the 42nd prime minister of New Zealand since 2023, previously as leader of the Opposition from 2021 to 2023, and as leader of the National Party since 2021. He has been member of Parliament (MP) for Botany since 2020. He

3870-413: The National Party, Luxon said he did not support cutting the benefits of parents who do not vaccinate their children against COVID-19 . Luxon has also firmly stood against efforts to reform New Zealand's water system . Luxon's views on abortion received media attention following his election as National's leader. He confirmed that his personal views are anti-abortion , but said National will not contest

3960-451: The Near East) following allegations that several UNRWA workers had participated in the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel . His announcement followed a decision by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade to review New Zealand's aid to UNRWA. On 29 February 2024, Luxon announced New Zealand's designation of Hamas in its entirety as a terrorist entity. In mid-April 2024, Luxon undertook

4050-488: The Parliament in order to call an election , and extends to foreign affairs: the negotiation and ratification of treaties, alliances, international agreements, the right to declare war and peace , and the deployment and armament of defence forces. The king rarely personally exercises his executive powers; since the sovereign does not normally reside in New Zealand, he appoints a governor-general to represent him and exercise most of his powers. The person who fills this role

4140-574: The Royal Assent to bills of parliament has been rendered ineffective by the convention. Under the conventions of the Westminster system , the Government is accountable to the House of Representatives, the democratically elected component of Parliament , rather than to the sovereign. This is called responsible government . For example, ministers are required to be members of the House, and they make statements and take questions from other members in

4230-720: The Tourism Industry Association New Zealand in April 2014. As CEO, he inherited Air New Zealand's financial interest in Virgin Australia and in 2014 joined its board. After reportedly failing to win board support to sack Virgin Australia CEO John Borghetti, Luxon left the Virgin Australia board and sold Air New Zealand's 25.9 per cent shareholding at a loss to Air NZ shareholders, including

4320-563: The Tākina convention centre. Luxon also confirmed that Cabinet had agreed to revise the Local Government Act and scrap the four wellbeing provisions in that legislation. On 10 November 2024, Luxon delivered the New Zealand Government's national apology to survivors of abuse in state and faith-based care at Parliament, stating "it was horrific. It was heartbreaking. It was wrong. And it should never have happened.." Luxon also announced that

4410-1086: The US Administration and of Congress including Republican Congressman Michael McCaul , Democratic Congressman Gregory Meeks , Democratic Senators Ben Cardin and Jon Ossoff and Republican Senator Jim Risch . During his trip to the United States, Luxon also committed NZ$ 16 million to support Ukraine in its war against Russia. On 11 July, he attended a White House dinner and spoke to US President Joe Biden , British Prime Minister Keir Starmer and Republican Senator Bill Hagerty . Later that day, Luxon met with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy , Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida , South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol and Australian Deputy Prime Minister Richard Marles during an Indo-Pacific 4 meeting to express solidarity with Ukraine. On 13 July, Luxon visited San Francisco where he met Governor of California Gavin Newsom , ending his five-day tour of

4500-522: The United States. On 2 September 2024, Luxon arrived in Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia , in a three days official visit where he met with Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim in discussing strategic partnership . In mid November, Luxon attended the 2024 APEC Summit . On 16 November, he also met with Chinese President Xi Jinping to discuss human rights, tensions in the South China Sea and cooperation with

4590-585: The actions of their department, being answerable to the House of Representatives. This principle is called individual ministerial responsibility . The wider state sector also includes about 2,800 Crown entities (including some 2,600 school boards of trustees), 17 state-owned enterprises , three officers of Parliament, and the Reserve Bank of New Zealand . There are two main tiers of elected local authorities— regional councils and territorial authorities —in some places merged into unitary authorities . While

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4680-567: The base. They hired people to act as field safety leaders and assist scientists during research projects. When the DSIR was broken up to form the Crown Research Institutes in 1992, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research took over the NZARP. In 1967, the first tetrapod remains in Antarctica were discovered by New Zealander Peter Barrett, his finding eventually lending support to

4770-407: The books are not in good shape. But I tell you there's nothing that can't be done by a Government that actually knows what it's doing. There's nothing that can't be done when we put New Zealanders first. That's what all this is about, and what this Government's going to do. That's what we're going to do. It's what we came here to do. Our team is in place, our partners are ready, the people have given us

4860-502: The company's Canadian operations, based in Toronto. He joined Air New Zealand as group general manager in May 2011 and was named the chief executive officer on 19 June 2012, succeeding Rob Fyfe at the end of that year. During his eight-year leadership, Air New Zealand profits grew to record levels and the company was named Australia's most trusted brand several times. He joined the board of

4950-427: The confidence of the House of Representatives to lead the Government. In practice, the appointment is determined by size of each political party , support agreements between parties, and leadership votes in the party that leads the Government. The prime minister then advises the governor-general to appoint other ministers. Each minister is responsible for the general administration of at least one portfolio , and heads

5040-450: The cost of the lessons. On 11 February 2024, Luxon and Emergency Management and Recovery Minister Mark Mitchell announced that the Government would contribute NZ$ 63 million to aid the removal of sediment and debris caused by Cyclone Gabrielle in the Hawke's Bay and Gisborne District . On 13 February, Luxon lowered the spending cap on ministerial cars from NZ$ 85,000 to NZ$ 70,000 as part of

5130-478: The country—the economy, society, the environment—that we deserve, and I think we deserve the very, very best. That's the work that I'm committing myself to today, and for as long as I'm in the House, I intend to represent the people of Botany and to serve New Zealand to the very best of my ability. Thank you. He was appointed as the spokesperson for local government, research, science, manufacturing and land information, as well as associate spokesperson for transport in

5220-417: The decisions of Cabinet. However, since the introduction of the mixed-member proportional (MMP) electoral system in 1993, processes were developed to allow different parties within a coalition cabinet to " agree to disagree " on some issues. The legislative agenda of Parliament is determined by the Cabinet. At the start of each new parliamentary term, the governor-general gives an address prepared by

5310-607: The eight men who first assembled the base in Wellington, and was completed by 20 January. In 1959, the NZARP was established to work with the Ross Dependency Research Committee in the Ross Dependency (New Zealand's claim to a defined sector in Antarctica). In 1962, because of the important research being conducted, Scott Base became a permanent research station in Antarctica. The NZARP was in charge of maintaining

5400-477: The first schedule to the State Sector Act 1988 . Staffed by around 45,000 public servants, they provide the government of the day with advice and deliver services to the public. Since the 1980s, the public service has been marketised . Each department is headed by a chief executive who answers to a government minister for that department's performance. In turn, a minister bears the ultimate responsibility for

5490-505: The government. On 20 June 2019, Luxon announced that he was resigning from Air New Zealand and hinted at a possible career with the National Party . In February 2021, it was revealed that while Luxon was CEO of Air New Zealand, its contracting business unit Gas Turbines was assisting Royal Saudi Navy vessels, despite their blocking essential supplies like water, food and medical assistance from Yemen . Luxon claimed to "have no recollection of it" and that "it might've post-dated my time" —

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5580-461: The governor-general. Before 1996 nearly all ministers were members of the Cabinet, but since the introduction of proportional representation , which has led to complex governing arrangements, there are currently three categories of minister: ministers in Cabinet, ministers outside Cabinet, and ministers from supporting parties. The Executive Council, established under the Letters Patent 1983 ,

5670-483: The latter claim being disputed by his successor Greg Foran . It was met with criticism from Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern and the Green Party 's human rights spokesperson Golriz Ghahraman . Luxon later said it "was a mistake" that Air New Zealand did not have a process whereby its chief executive would be told about all military contracts. After Jami-Lee Ross resigned from National over accusations of fraud against

5760-515: The leadership unopposed on 30 November 2021 , a little more than eight months after he gave his maiden speech , after a party crisis caused the removal of previous leader Judith Collins . Becoming the seventh National Party leader in less than five years, Luxon reorientated the party around the COVID-19 recession and the " cost-of-living crisis ", criticising Labour for its leadership. With Labour's landslide defeat, he led his party to win 15 seats and

5850-405: The left bloc of Labour , the Green Party and Te Pāti Māori . The poll put National down 2 points to 36 points, ACT down 1 to 7, and New Zealand First on 4%, below the 5% threshold needed for a party without constituency seats to enter Parliament (but within the margin of error ). The poll showed that a fairly comfortable Labour-led government would be formed, with 64 seats. It also cast doubt on

5940-700: The major governing party, as has been the case in recent governments. Ministers outside the Cabinet have the same overall duties and responsibilities as their senior colleagues inside Cabinet. The current ministry , since November 2023, is the National Party government led by Prime Minister Christopher Luxon , forming a coalition with ACT New Zealand and New Zealand First . The table below lists all ministers, as of 25 June 2024 . Notes New Zealand's public service includes 32 core government institutions—most have ministry or department in their name, e.g. Ministry for Culture and Heritage , or Department of Internal Affairs —which are listed in

6030-606: The mandate, and we are ready to go to work. Thank you very much. In late November 2023, Luxon announced the Government's 100-day plan, which consisted of 49 economic, cost of living, law and order, and public service issues the coalition government would focus on. In early December 2023, Luxon along with Cyclone Recovery Minister Mark Mitchell and Transport and Local Government Minister Simeon Brown , visited Hawke's Bay to meet with local leaders and local National MPs Katie Nimon and Catherine Wedd to discuss government support for post- flood and Cyclone Gabrielle relief efforts in

6120-589: The non-nuclear pillar of the AUKUS agreement. He also stated that New Zealand was keen to do its share of "heavy lifting" in the Australia-New Zealand defence relationship. Luxon and Albanese also talked about the contribution of New Zealander Australians to Australia. On 30 January 2024, Luxon announced that New Zealand would be suspending its annual NZ$ 1 million aid to UNRWA (the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees in

6210-871: The original base. The New Zealand Antarctic Institute also manages other research facilities, in the McMurdo Sound region, such as the Arrival Heights laboratory, which does atmospheric research. A two-storey, 1,800-square-metre (19,000 sq ft) building was constructed in 2005, as a commissioned work by Antarctica New Zealand. This building, known as the Hillary Field Centre, provides an area for cargo receipt and issue, general and refrigerated storages, offices, gym, briefing and training rooms, and field equipment maintenance among many other uses. Because of this new building, New Zealand's science and environmental programs have been able to expand and improve through

6300-515: The party that leads the Government. The prime minister and other ministers are formally appointed by the governor-general (who is the King's personal representative in New Zealand). By convention, the governor-general acts on the advice of the prime minister in appointing ministers. In New Zealand, the term Government can have a number of different meanings. At its widest, it can refer collectively to

6390-432: The party vote. Luxon retained his Botany electorate seat with 67% of the vote. Coalition negotiations between National, ACT and New Zealand First ended on 24 November, and Luxon was sworn in as prime minister by Governor-General Dame Cindy Kiro on 27 November. New Zealanders can be positive about the future. Change won't be easy and it won't be quick, because Labour has left us a lot to repair and to rebuild, and

6480-559: The party, Luxon secured the National Party candidacy for the Botany electorate, which has always been won by National and was regarded as a safe seat for them, in November 2019. He won in a selection contest with National Party list MP Agnes Loheni , Howick Local Board deputy chair Katrina Bungard, cancer drug campaigner Troy Elliott, and tech businessman Jake Bezzant , who was later selected as National's candidate for Upper Harbour . Amid

6570-461: The period before responsible government; second, from 1856 to 1890, the period in which responsible government begins; and the third period starting with the formation of political parties in 1891. By convention, a distinct government is named after the largest party that leads it. The New Zealand Government is formally styled [His] Majesty's Government in the Seal of New Zealand Act 1977 . This

6660-435: The polls, saying "what we're here to do is not always easy and nice, but we're here to make the tough and necessary decisions". In June, a poll showed Luxon fall behind opposition leader Chris Hipkins in net favourability for the first time. On 5 May 2024 Luxon, Local Government Minister Simeon Brown and Mayor of Auckland Wayne Brown jointly announced that Auckland would avoid a 25.8 percent rates increase as part of

6750-462: The pre-selection for the safe National Party seat of Botany in East Auckland in 2019, and retained the seat for National at the 2020 general election despite a landslide defeat for the party nationally. Luxon was often touted as a potential National Party leader during the turbulent time for the party politically in the aftermath of the 2017 general election , even before becoming an MP. He won

6840-405: The prime minister recommends it), except for the prime minister, who is entitled to be styled " The Right Honourable " for life. Although not a member of the Executive Council, the governor-general usually presides at Council meetings. Cabinet ( Māori : Te Rūnanga ) is the senior decision-making body of the Government. Constitutional law, such as the Constitution Act 1986, does not recognise

6930-506: The principle of parliamentary sovereignty . Nonetheless, the Constitution Act describes the monarch as the " Sovereign ". In many areas, the Crown possesses a body of powers known as the royal prerogative . For example, the Royal Assent (the monarch's approval) is required to enact laws and the royal sign-manual gives authority to letters patent and orders in council . The royal prerogative also includes summoning and dissolving

7020-451: The principle of responsible government , it operates within the framework that "the [ King ] reigns, but the government rules, so long as it has the support of the House of Representatives ". The Cabinet Manual describes the main laws, rules and conventions affecting the conduct and operation of the Government. Executive power is exercised by ministers , all of whom are sworn into

7110-579: The region. During the visit, Luxon confirmed that the Government would pause work on restoring the Napier - Wairoa railway line to focus on repairing State Highway 2 . In mid-December 2023, Luxon acknowledged using public funding allocated to his budget as Leader of the Opposition to pay for Māori language ( te reo ) lessons. Earlier in the month, the National-led coalition government had considered discontinuing incentive payments for public servants to learn

7200-498: The rental marketing, and reintroducing charter schools , keeping agriculture out of the Emissions Trading Scheme , reversing the ban on offshore gas and oil exploration, restoring three strikes legislation , reviewing the firearms registry, establishing a Youth Serious Offender Category, improving teacher training and school attendance, and replacing mega polytechnic Te Pūkenga . Green co-leader Chlöe Swarbrick said that

7290-418: The running at the National Party leadership election , Luxon was announced as the party's leader. In early August 2022, Luxon accompanied Prime Minister Ardern, Minister of Arts, Culture and Heritage Carmel Sepuloni and Minister of Pacific Peoples William Sio on a state visit to Samoa to mark the 60th anniversary of Samoa's independence and affirm bilateral relations between the two countries. Before

7380-732: The signing of the Treaty of Waitangi was the Charter for Erecting the Colony of New Zealand of 1840. New Zealand was granted colonial self-government in 1853 following the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 , which was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . Governments were set up at both central and provincial level, with initially six provinces. The provinces were abolished by

7470-461: The strength of Luxon's leadership compared to that of his coalition partners Winston Peters and David Seymour , with only 51% of respondents believing Luxon was the decision-maker in the government. A subsequent poll by Talbot Mills for their client Labour put a Labour-led government on the bare majority of 62 seats, while Roy Morgan found 54% of those they surveyed believed New Zealand was heading in "the wrong direction", with just 35% believing it

7560-617: The theory of continental drift . Two years later, in 1969, an NZARP party of six women became the first women to reach the South Pole . Some more of NZARP's discoveries include, Ball Glacier , Atkinson Glacier , Findlay Range , Thomas Heights , and Mount Bradshaw . In 1996, the New Zealand Antarctic Institute—also known as Antarctica New Zealand —took over the work of the NZARP. They now manage all of New Zealand's Antarctic undertakings. Only three buildings remain from

7650-564: The three traditional branches of government—namely, the executive branch , legislative branch (the King-in-Parliament and House of Representatives ) and judicial branch (the Supreme Court and subordinate courts). Each branch operates independently of the others in an arrangement described as " separation of powers ". More commonly, the term is used to refer specifically to the executive branch. The largest party or coalition in

7740-410: The years. New Zealand government The New Zealand Government ( Māori : Te Kāwanatanga o Aotearoa ) is the central government through which political authority is exercised in New Zealand . As in most other parliamentary democracies , the term "Government" refers chiefly to the executive branch , and more specifically to the collective ministry directing the executive. Based on

7830-590: Was also relieved of her Cabinet position. Luxon appointed Paul Goldsmith to the Media and Communications portfolio, Louise Upston to the Disability Issues portfolio and promoted Climate Change and Revenue Minister Simon Watts to the Cabinet. At the end of the same month, a 1News - Verian poll was released, showing the National-ACT-New Zealand First coalition government convincingly behind

7920-604: Was in the right direction. These result were widely considered to have been unprecedented, or at least highly unusual, for any government so early in its first term. The poll reportedly marked the first time in modern New Zealand history that a government had less popular than all the opposition parties combined within that time frame, according to TVNZ. As early as February, Luxon was noted to have experienced no "honeymoon bump", as newly incumbent prime ministers tend to, especially immediately after successful elections, but rather held steady, according to 1News . Luxon dismissed

8010-456: Was opposed to its implementation, specifically the proposed division of the country into European and Māori districts, and stated that settlers were not ready for self-government. As a result, almost all of the Act was suspended pending the new Act of 1852. New Zealand was at this time being governed as a Crown colony . Prior to the act, the basic document setting out the governance of New Zealand since

8100-513: Was the chief executive officer (CEO) of Air New Zealand from 2012 to 2019. Luxon was born in Christchurch and grew up in Howick in East Auckland , before studying commerce at the University of Canterbury . He worked for Unilever from 1993 and held senior roles at Unilever Canada in 2008, joining Air New Zealand as group general manager in 2011 and succeeding as CEO the following year. He won

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