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71-606: The origin of the new monastic movement is difficult to pinpoint. Some communities now identified with new monasticism have been in existence since the 1970s and 80s in the UK. Other well-known communities, such as the Simple Way in Philadelphia, formed in the mid-90s. Bede Griffiths , a Catholic Camaldolese Benedictine monk who oversaw a Christian Ashram in India from 1968-1993, spoke often of

142-572: A Christian community throughout the USA and Europe, and they performed in festivals that were held underneath giant tents. In the UK, Malcolm and Alwyn were the most notable agents of the gospel beat. The Jesus People: Old-Time Religion in the Age of Aquarius by Enroth, Ericson, and Peters stated that Chuck Smith of Calvary Chapel in Costa Mesa, California founded the first Christian rock labels when he launched

213-447: A distinct spirituality, via feminina is attentive to the multiple wisdoms of body, psyche, and soul, placing primary importance on healing those social factors - whether gender, culture, race, sexual orientation, religious belief, etc. - that stigmatize persons, rob them of dignity, wound their souls, and betray the highest aspirations of religious life. It thus is an invitation to divest one's being of subtle forms of injustice imbedded in

284-406: A distinction between those with sacred and secular vocations; (3) it will be disciplined, not by a recovery of old monastic rules , but by the joyful discipline achieved by a small group of disciples practicing mutual exhortation, correction, and reconciliation; and (4) it will be "undergirded by deep theological reflection and commitment," by which the church may recover its life and witness in

355-619: A documentary about his life, which was released as A Human Search . Three days after the completion of filming, on his 86th birthday, Griffiths had a major stroke. The following month, he had a further series of strokes. He died at Shantivanam on 13 May 1993, aged 86. The archives of the Bede Griffiths Trust are located at the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley, California . His contributions are promoted and developed by

426-561: A form of monastic life based in the Indian tradition, adopting the saffron garments of an Indian sannyasi (an ascetic or monk). At that point, Griffiths took the Sanskrit name " Dayananda " ("bliss of compassion"). During that time he continued his studies in the religions and cultures of India, writing Christ in India while there. He also visited the United States during the period, giving

497-576: A lay calling, and saw the future of monastic life in lay communities. "The monk is a lay person…An order of monastics is essentially a lay order. Some monks may live in monasteries, but increasingly the majority will live in their own homes or form small communities—a monastic order in the world." He went on to express a new vision for monastics, one in which communities and individuals live spiritual lives independent of religious organizations or institutions, independent of celibacy and overarching rules and dogmas—free to follow their own conscience and guidance of

568-475: A long legacy of Christian music being connected to the Jesus movement. Jesus music, referred to as gospel beat music in the UK, primarily began when street musicians of the late 1960s and early 1970s converted to Christianity. They kept playing the same style of music they had played before, but they began to write lyrics containing a Christian message. Many music groups started out of this, and some became leaders within

639-525: A member of the abbey, but as a priest subject to a local bishop, which meant that he would be giving up his vows. After some painful inner debate, Griffiths agreed to this and, in 1955, he embarked for India with Alapatt. At the time, he wrote to a friend: "I am going to discover the other half of my soul." After arriving and visiting some spiritual centres in the country, they settled in Kengeri in Bangalore with

710-628: A number of talks about East–West dialogue and being interviewed by CBS television. Later, in 1968, Griffiths moved to the Saccidananda Ashram (also known as Shantivanam ; Tamil for "forest of peace") in Tamil Nadu , South India, which had been founded in 1950 by the French Benedictine monk Abhishiktananda (Dom Henri Le Saux , OSB), from the Abbey of Kergonan, along with another Frenchman,

781-409: A series of lectures given to western and eastern monastic from various religious traditions and lay contemplatives in 1980 at Holyoke, MA, these lectures were subsequently published as Blessed Simplicity: The Monk as Universal Archetype. There Panikkar said the traditional monk is "only one way of realizing [this] universal archetype. … If the monastic dimension exists at least potentially in everybody,

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852-546: A vision to carry it forward within the Protestant Christian tradition. Calling the vision a "new monasticism", he proposed four characteristics that such a monasticism would entail: (1) it will be "marked by a recovery of the telos of this world" revealed in Jesus, and aimed at the healing of fragmentation, bringing the whole of life under the lordship of Christ; (2) it will be aimed at the "whole people of God" who live and work in all kinds of contexts, and not create

923-457: Is Virtue, From Virtue there is Knowledge, From Knowledge there is Self-Control, From Self-Control there is Steadfastness, From Steadfastness there is godliness, From godliness there is Brotherly Affection, From Brotherly Affection there is Love, By Love I will know that God has set me free." All monks follow the above code, the Columban Rule and take Vows of Poverty, Chastity, and Obedience in

994-691: Is an abbreviated term designating a "neoteric monastic", according to UOOS's group description on Facebook. In McEntee and Bucko's The New Monasticism: An Interspiritual Manifesto for Contemplative Life , they describe the "Nine Vows of the New Monastic", which were based on Brother Wayne Teasdale's "Nine Elements of Spiritual Maturity" and developed by the Rev. Diane Berke. Inspired by the original foundations of Monastic Communities. A Catholic lay group began in Georgia that focuses on Celtic Spirituality and Monasticism that

1065-412: Is essentially tied to Eastern Catholic/Orthodox ties. Through Meticulous study, the group found the ancient Coptic Church to be the heritage holder of the ancient Celtic monks, and established connections with the larger Byzantine Catholic Church in order to found a religious community that is focused on instilling the virtues of monastic life in lay persons. The Community meets regularly for prayer, follows

1136-427: Is normally accompanied by dancing as worship. The topic was the subject of the 2023 film Jesus Revolution . The Jesus movement was restorationist in theology, seeking to return to the original life of the early Christians . As a result, Jesus people often viewed churches , especially those in the United States, as apostate , and took a decidedly countercultural political stance in general. The theology of

1207-567: Is the daughter of Jonathan Wilson whose writing has galvanized the movement. Building on the work of MacIntyre, Rod Dreher published a book in 2017 called The Benedict Option . In this he outlines a strategy for western Christians to survive the influence of a hostile society. He identifies order, prayer and work, stability, community, hospitality and balance as tools for living a Christian life. Dreher points to intentional communities such as Trinity Presbyterian Church in Charlottesville,

1278-815: The Abbé Jules Monchanin . The two had developed a religious lifestyle which was completely expressed in authentic Indian fashion, using English, Sanskrit and Tamil in their religious services. They had built the ashram buildings by hand in the style of the poor of the country. Monchanin had died in 1957 and Le Saux wanted to devote himself to a hermit 's life. Griffiths came with two other monks to assume life there and to allow Le Saux his wish. Griffiths resumed his studies of Indian thought, trying to relate it to Christian theology. At this point, he became known as " Swami Dayananda " ("bliss of compassion"). He wrote 12 books on Hindu –Christian dialogue. During this period, Griffiths desired to reconnect himself with

1349-583: The Benedictine monastery of Prinknash Abbey where he was impressed by the life. Despite the strong anti-Roman Catholic sentiments of his mother, he was received into the Roman Catholic Church and made his First Communion at Christmas Eve Mass at the abbey. Griffiths was received by the abbey as a postulant a month after his reception into the Catholic Church. On 29 December 1932, he entered

1420-623: The Bruderhof , or the School for Conversion as examples of the Benedict Option being lived out today. Most Protestant new monastic communities emphasize the following: The "Twelve Marks" of new monasticism express the common thread of many new monastic communities. These "marks" are: The movement differs from other Christian monastic movements in many ways. Catholic Camaldolese Benedictine monk Bede Griffiths spoke of monastic life being essentially

1491-478: The Church of England . He was advised, however, to gain some experience in the slums of London. This advice was so contrary to what Griffiths felt to be his vocation that it drove him to a crisis of faith, which nearly drove him to an emotional breakdown yet, guided by the writings of Cardinal Newman , he reached a point in this struggle where he had a spiritual breakthrough. In November 1931, Griffiths went to stay at

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1562-636: The Maranatha! Music label in 1971 as an outlet for the Jesus music bands performing at Calvary worship services. However, in 1970 Larry Norman recorded, produced, and released two albums: Street Level and Born Twice for Randy Stonehill. on his own label, One Way Records. Don Finto became involved with the Belmont Avenue Church of Christ (now simply Belmont Church), an ailing old inner city church in Nashville, Tennessee , YUS on Music Row between

1633-642: The University of South Carolina , and Furman University respectively. Leadership moved from Steve Freeman to a charismatic preacher named Erskine Holt , a self-described apostle of the movement who lived in Florida. By 1973, nearly every campus throughout Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia had Fellowship House Churches. These generally died out by 1977, with many of the members moving to more traditional campus ministries. However, many moved onto similar ministries in such organizations as Calvary Chapel. In

1704-559: The charismatic movement , had already been in full swing for about a decade. It involved mainline Protestants and Catholics who testified to having supernatural experiences similar to those recorded in the Acts of the Apostles , especially speaking in tongues . The two movements similarly believed that they were calling the church back to a more biblically accurate version of Christianity. Furthermore, they believed that these changes would result in

1775-518: The gifts of the Holy Spirit were not uncommon. Some of the books read by those within the movement included Ron Sider 's Rich Christians in an Age of Hunger and Hal Lindsey 's The Late Great Planet Earth . The Bible was the most read book by far, and provided the foundational truth for the movement. The Jesus movement also had a communal aspect. The commune of Graham Pulkingham was described in his book They Left Their Nets . The expansion of

1846-523: The novitiate and was given the monastic name of "Bede". He made his solemn profession in 1937 (a year before the death of his mother in a car accident) and was ordained to the Catholic priesthood in 1940. In 1947 the abbey sent a group of 25 monks to give support to two monasteries in the United Kingdom which had been founded by monks from France. Griffiths was chosen to be the obedientiary prior for

1917-402: The 1970s, many younger generations were pulled away from the average structured lifestyle they were told to live, and instead turned to lifestyles that were referred to as counterculture. This new lifestyle consisted of exploring various drugs, paths of spirituality and religions. Despite the growing popularity of the counterculture, many young adults became confused, which led them to turn towards

1988-517: The Benedictine order and sought a monastic congregation which would accept him in the way of life he had developed over the decades. He was welcomed by the Camaldolese monks, and he and the ashram became a part of their congregation. Griffiths was a strict vegetarian who followed a sattvic diet of fruit, vegetables and dairy products. In January 1990, Griffiths suffered a stroke in his room at

2059-460: The Foundation for New Monasticism. The notion and terminology of Protestant "new monasticism" was developed by Jonathan Wilson in his 1998 book called Living Faithfully in a Fragmented World . Wilson was, in turn, building on ideas of theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer , who said in 1935: "the restoration of the church will surely come only from a new type of monasticism which has nothing in common with

2130-522: The Holy Spirit in living a sacred life, yet united in the common cause of building a sacred world. A good summary of Fr. Bede's thought on these matters is found in The New Creation in Christ . Fr. Bede also wrote many other books on contemplative life, inter-religious experience and exploration, and the relationship between science and religion. Raimon Panikkar explicated a vision of the "new monk" during

2201-590: The Jesus Movement among young people was encouraged and spread through the practice of baptisms; moreover, the West Coast was a popular location for these "mass baptisms". Another popular practice within the movement was evangelism, which is the act of spreading the Gospel; furthermore, because of active evangelism, thousands of young students in southern states converted and began living Jesus-focused lives. There has been

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2272-576: The Jesus movement also called for a return to simple living and asceticism in some cases. The Jesus people had a strong belief in miracles , signs and wonders , faith , healing , prayer, the Bible , and powerful works of the Holy Spirit . For example, a revival at Asbury College in 1970 grabbed the attention of the mainstream news media and became known nationwide. The movement tended towards evangelism and millennialism . Charismatic manifestations of

2343-707: The Jesus movement continued at a grass roots level with smaller individual groups and communities. The movement began to subside, largely concluding by the late 1980s, but left a major influence in Christian music, youth and church life. Although the Jesus movement lasted no more than a decade (except for the Jesus People USA which continues to exist in Chicago), its influence on Christian culture can still be seen. Thousands of converts moved into leadership positions in churches and parachurch organizations . The informality of

2414-437: The Jesus movement's music and worship affected almost all evangelical churches. Some of the fastest-growing U.S. denominations of the late 20th century, such as Calvary Chapel , Hope Chapel Churches, Victory Outreach, Vineyard Churches , and Sovereign Grace Churches , trace their roots directly back to the Jesus movement, as do parachurch organizations like Jews for Jesus and the contemporary Christian music industry. Perhaps

2485-458: The Jesus movement, most notably Barry McGuire , Love Song , Second Chapter of Acts , All Saved Freak Band , Servant , Petra , Resurrection Band , Phil Keaggy , Paul Clark , Dion DiMucci , Paul Stookey of Peter, Paul, and Mary ; Randy Stonehill , Randy Matthews , Andraé Crouch (and the Disciples), Nancy Honeytree , Keith Green , and Larry Norman . The Joyful Noise Band traveled with

2556-730: The Kingdom Come Christian Coffee House in Greenville, South Carolina , in 1971. Each Saturday night Jesus People gathered for worship, songs and fellowship. In 1972, several people who were highly involved in the Kingdom Come graduated from high schools and dispersed in several colleges and universities throughout the Southeastern United States and started a Fellowship House Church. Maynard Pittendreigh, Jay Holmes, and Freeman each established one at Erskine College ,

2627-632: The Rule of St. Columba, meets for common times of study, and involves both married/single men. It also consists of lay persons who do not take the vow of the monastic life, but are associated to the community in providing time, talent and treasure. The community follows a very strong code that comes from 2 Peter. the Columban code is: "The way to the Father is through the Divine Nature of Jesus Christ, From Faith there

2698-543: The Sacred, Path of the Heart: A Spiritual Guide to Divine Union and Radical Wisdom: A Feminist Mystical Theology. The Community of a New Monastic Way is one of many spiritual initiatives which articulate Lanzetta's belief that the contemplative dimension of new monastic life both proceeds and goes beyond the religious traditions themselves. The Community of a New Monastic Way became officially known as such in 2008, having formed over

2769-724: The UK, the Jesus Army (also known as the Jesus Fellowship Church and the Bugbrooke Community) was among the groups most influenced by the Jesus movement, embracing (former) hippies, bikers and drug addicts, among others. Leaders and members of the Jesus Fellowship committed abuse of children and vulnerable adults, with several receiving custodial sentences. The Jesus Fellowship Community Trust closed in December 2020 following

2840-523: The UK. This also led to the inclusion of new musical instruments in churches all over the world, such as guitars and drums, in addition to traditional musical instruments such as pianos and organs. Music in other parts of the world was also greatly influenced by the Jesus Movement, such as music in Central America. In Central America, Pentecostal churches under the charismatic movement began to compose spiritual music called coros (fast-paced hymns) which

2911-594: The ashram. A month later, to the day, he was declared healed. The following year, he began a period of extensive travel, making annual visits to the United States, then later to Europe, where he met the Dalai Lama . He noted to a friend, "I do believe that he liked me." He continued his journey, giving lectures in Germany and England. He arrived back at the ashram in October 1992, where an Australian film crew were awaiting him to make

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2982-457: The categories that define the religious life - redemption, salvation, nirvana , samadhi , soul, god - as well as in the processes of mystical ascent - purification, great death, annihilation, union - and hinder the full integration and liberations of the self." Lanzetta's vision of intimate wholeness is articulated in her various works, which include her books The Monk Within: Embracing a Sacred Way of Life Emerging Heart: Global Spirituality and

3053-535: The church. People who identified as hippies came forward sharing their testimonies and the peace they found after turning towards the Jesus lifestyle . Secular and Christian media exposure in 1971 and 1972 caused the Jesus movement to explode across the United States, which attracted evangelical youth eager to identify with the movement. While many other communes and fellowships sprang up, the Shiloh and Children of God communities attracted more new believers. Explo '72

3124-444: The country were beginning to add campus ministries. Some of the organizations for this were Campus Crusade for Christ , Fellowship of Christian Athletes , and InterVarsity Christian Fellowship . Jesus music , which grew out of the movement, was very influential in the creation of various subgenres of contemporary Christian music during the late 20th and early 21st centuries, such as Jesus Culture and Hillsong in both America and

3195-585: The course of decades. In 2008, eight people took vows as new monks after completing a formal process created, initiated, and taught by Lanzetta. The community has since grown to include 18 members and exists outside of any religious structure, with members living all over the United States, gathering throughout the year for community practice. Inspired by the new monastic forms of Bede Griffiths and Raimon Panikkar , and in partnership with Catholic monks Father Thomas Keating and Brother Wayne Teasdale , an "interspiritual" movement of new monasticism has formed around

3266-482: The development of Christian media as a radio and film industry . The terms Jesus movement and Jesus people were popularized by Duane Pederson in his writings for the Hollywood Free Paper . In an interview with Sean Dietrich which took place on August 19, 2006, Pederson explained that he did not coin the phrase "Jesus People"; moreover, he credited a magazine/television interviewer who asked him if he

3337-530: The early 1980s, contemplative feminist theologian Beverly Lanzetta started the '"Community of the New Monastic Way"', a non-denominational new monastic community still in existence today. Recently, various new monastic communities have appeared in Ireland and increasingly across the United States, including '"interspiritual"' new monastic communities, connected to the lineage of Bede Griffiths , such as that seen in

3408-617: The end of his life as Swami Dayananda ("bliss of compassion"), was a British -born Catholic priest and Benedictine monk who lived in ashrams in South India and became a noted missionary . Griffiths was a part of the Christian Ashram Movement . Griffiths was born in Walton-on-Thames , Surrey, England, at the end of 1906, the youngest of three children of a middle-class family. Shortly after Griffiths' birth, his father

3479-399: The future of monasticism as being a '"lay movement"', and developed a vision for new monastic life. Raimon Panikkar outlined the idea of a '"new monk"' in a series of lectures in 1980 given to a group of western and eastern monastics as well as non-monastic lay contemplatives at Holyoke, MA, which were subsequently published in the book Blessed Simplicity: The Monk as Universal Archetype . In

3550-573: The gifts seen and described in The New Testament were at work today there were Biblical restrictions on the exercise of those gifts among believers in their services. He baptized members in the Pacific Ocean. Smith was one of the few pastors who welcomed in the hippies who after coming to faith, eventually became known as Jesus people, and thus allowed for the dramatic future growth of a network of affiliate churches. Steve Freeman and others opened

3621-594: The goal of building a monastery there. That project was eventually unsuccessful as Griffiths left the location in 1958, saying that he found it "too Western". Griffiths then joined with a Belgian monk, Father Francis Acharya , OCSO , to establish Kristiya Sanyasa Samaj, Kurisumala Ashram ("Mountain of the Cross"), a Syriac Rite monastery of the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church in Kerala. They sought to develop

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3692-407: The human archetype lived out by the monks, but which may also be experienced and lived today in different ways." The Community of a New Monastic Way was co-founded by Beverly Lanzetta, a theologian, contemplative scholar, and teacher of contemplative wisdom traditions. Central to Lanzetta's scholarship and teaching is the mystical path of the feminine, which she calls via feminina . She writes: "As

3763-401: The institution of monasticism should be equally open to everybody. … The monastery, then, would not be the 'establishment' of the monks, but the schola Domini , the school where that human dimension is cultivated and transmitted. … Here appears the consequence of our distinction between the monk as archetype, i.e., the monk as a paradigm of religious life, against the archetype of the monk, i.e.,

3834-485: The milk to support themselves. They would read the Bible together as a form of literature. Griffiths noted a strong connection between the teachings of scripture and the rhythm of the nature around them. The experiment lasted less than a year, as one of the friends found the life too demanding. Nevertheless, the experience had a strong effect on Griffiths. As a result of this experience, Griffiths decided to seek ordination in

3905-522: The monastery at Farnborough in Hampshire. He led that house for four years, but was unable to generate sufficient financial support to keep the community going. The abbot then sent him to the other monastery, Pluscarden Abbey in Scotland. It was there that he wrote his autobiography. During Griffiths' time at Farnborough, he had come to know Father Benedict Alapatt, a European-born monk of Indian descent who

3976-425: The most significant and lasting influence, however, was the growth of an emerging strand within evangelical Christianity that appealed to the contemporary youth culture . The culture of youth began to change far before the Jesus Movement of the '60's/'70s. Billy Graham, one of the leading evangelists of this time, started to see changes in youth during the late 1940s. Through the 1960s, college campuses all across

4047-552: The movement quickly grew into a very large movement catering mostly to disaffected college-age youth. There were 100,000 people involved and 175 communal houses established during its lifespan. Two years after the movement's founding, Higgins and some of the core members of the movement bought 90 acres (360,000 m ) of land near Dexter, Oregon and built a new headquarters which they called "The Land". Bede Griffiths Bede Griffiths OSB Cam (17 December 1906 – 13 May 1993), born Alan Richard Griffiths and also known by

4118-646: The old but a complete lack of compromise in a life lived in accordance with the Sermon on the Mount in the discipleship of Christ." Wilson also built on ideas of philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre . Noting the decline of local community that could sustain the moral life, MacIntyre ended his book After Virtue , by voicing a longing for "another... St. Benedict ." By this, he meant someone in the present age to lead another renewal of morality and civility through community. Wilson identified with that longing in his own book, but outlined

4189-414: The public housing and several universities: Peabody, Vanderbilt and Belmont College etc. By the summer of 1971, the membership roll had dropped to about 75 elderly members. The church had mainstream roots in the acappella Churches of Christ , but was transformed and firmly placed in the Jesus movement by an influx of countercultural Christians. Seating ran out, with people sitting on the windowsills or on

4260-438: The restoration of spiritual gifts to the church. The Jesus movement left a legacy that included the formation of various denominations , church groups, and other Christian organizations, and it also influenced the development of both the contemporary Christian right and Christian left . It was foundational in several ongoing Christian cultural movements, including Jesus music 's impact on contemporary Christian music , and

4331-466: The scandal, and issued a Closure Statement including an unreserved apology for the abuse that occurred in the Jesus Fellowship Church (JFC) and the residential New Creation Christian Community (NCCC). The Shiloh Youth Revival Centers movement was the largest Jesus People communal movement in the United States in the 1970s. Founded by John Higgins in 1968 as a small communal house in Costa Mesa, California,

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4402-711: The stage. It was not rare to find them walking the worst parts of Lower Broadway witnessing to prostitutes and addicts. The concerts that were held at the Koinonia Coffee House on weekends helped east coast Christian music to grow in popularity. The house band was called Dogwood, and various musicians regularly appeared on stage, such as Dogwood, Amy Grant , Brown Bannister , Chris Christian , Don Francisco , Fireworks, Annie and Steve Chapman, Clay In The Potter's Hand and many more as well. Chuck Smith, founder and pastor of Calvary Chapel Costa Mesa , led with expositional verse-by-verse Bible studies. While he taught that

4473-497: The state of life they have been called. Jesus movement The Jesus movement was an evangelical Christian movement that began on the West Coast of the United States in the late 1960s and early 1970s and primarily spread throughout North America, Europe, Central America, Australia and New Zealand, before it subsided in the late 1980s. Members of the movement were called Jesus people or Jesus freaks . Its predecessor,

4544-452: The tutelage of C. S. Lewis , who became a lifelong friend. Griffiths graduated from Oxford in 1929 with a degree in journalism. Shortly after graduation Griffiths, with fellow Oxford alumni Martyn Skinner and Hugh Waterman, settled in a cottage in the Cotswolds and began what they called an "experiment in common living". They followed a lifestyle attuned to nature, milking cows and selling

4615-563: The words interspiritual and interspirituality , which he described in his books The Mystic Heart: Discovering a Universal Spirituality in the World's Religions and A Monk in the World: Cultivating a Spiritual Life as a new orientation of religious and spiritual life with the following elements: The Universal Order of Sannyasa (UOOS) uses the term "neoteric monasticism" to self-identify their interspiritual form of new monasticism, and "NeMon"

4686-491: The work of young spiritual leaders and social activists in partnership with traditional monastics. This form of new monasticism is expressed and developed in Rory McEntee and Adam Bucko's The New Monasticism: An Interspiritual Manifesto for Contemplative Life . Other collaborators include Episcopal priest Matthew Wright, Sufi lineage holder Pir Netanel Miles-Yepez, David and Tamara Milliken and their "InnerSky Community", V.K. Harber's work, and others. Brother Wayne Teasdale coined

4757-488: The world. The middle months of 2004 became a defining moment for the movement, when there was a gathering of a number of existing communities and academics in Durham , North Carolina , where they drew together something like a "rule of life," referred to as the "12 marks" of new monasticism. The gathering took place at a new monastic community called "Rutba House," of which some founding members were Jonathan and Leah Wilson-Hartgrove. Not coincidentally, Leah Wilson-Hartgrove

4828-416: Was an event organized by the Campus Crusade for Christ which was held at the Cotton Bowl Stadium in Dallas , and involved such conservative leaders as Bill Bright and Billy Graham . Many of the 80,000 young Jesus People attending Explo '72 discovered for the first time these and other traditional avenues of Christian worship and experience. Although Explo '72 marked the high-water mark of media interest,

4899-567: Was betrayed by a business partner and was left penniless. His mother took the children and established residence in a smaller home which she maintained, though she had to find work to support herself and the children. At age 12, Griffiths was sent to Christ's Hospital , a private charity school for children from families of modest means. He excelled in his studies and earned a scholarship to the University of Oxford where, in 1925, he began his studies in English literature and philosophy at Magdalen College . In his third year at university he came under

4970-405: Was greatly interested in establishing a monastery in his homeland. Griffiths had already been introduced to Eastern thought, yoga and the Vedas and took interest in this proposed project. The abbot at first refused permission, but later changed his mind and authorised Griffiths to go to India with the Indian member of the community. There was one condition, though: Griffiths was not to be there as

5041-407: Was part of the "Jesus People". As a result, Pederson was credited to be the phrase's founder. The term Jesus People is used to describe the group composed of outcast and anti-religious individuals who, during the 1960s and 1970s, turned towards the Christian faith and Jesus. They converted to Christianity and subsequently changed their lives to reflect the scripture and teachings of Jesus. During

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