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50-618: The New Medium Helicopter ( NMH ) is a British military programme to procure up to 44 medium-lift support helicopters to replace the Westland Puma HC2 and initially, the Bell 412 Griffin operated by the Royal Air Force ; and the Bell 212 and Airbus AS365 Dauphin operated by the British Army . It is expected the new aircraft will enter service during the late-2020s. By the mid 2020s, only

100-626: A glass cockpit display system similar to the Bell model 429. Also featured is a Garmin touchscreen navigation system, and the BLR Strake and Fast Fin upgrades for improved hover performance. Over 700 Model 412s (including 260 by AgustaWestland) have been built. The helicopter is powered by the Pratt and Whitney Canada twin-pack power plant with two turboshaft engines and has achieved the lowest in-flight shut-down rate of aircraft turboshaft engines. If one engine

150-651: A 'final assembly facility' due to Italy's investment in the main AW189/AW149 production line in Brindisi , Italy. The AW149 is already operated by the Royal Thai Army , Egyptian Navy and Polish Land Forces . Lockheed Martin , through its Sikorsky Aircraft subsidiary, offered the S-70 Black Hawk . The Black Hawk was the only contender which was designed as a military helicopter and is combat proven, rather than being

200-824: A 2.5 billion increase from 2017, led by 21% for the Boeing 737NG ' CFM56-7B and the A320's CFM56-5B and IAE V2500 (also on the MD-90) tied for second, followed by the mature widebody engines: the GE90 then the Trent 700. Over the 2017–2026 decade, the largest markets for turbofans will be the B737NG's CFM56 -7 with 23%, the V2500 -A5 with 21%, the General Electric GE90 -115B with 13%, the A320's CFM56-5B with 13%,

250-415: A contract notice on 18 May 2022, officially commencing the competition and confirming the intention to acquire up to 44 aircraft. The contact would also include air and ground crew training as well as in-service technical support and maintenance . The contract would now be worth between £900 million and £1.2 billion. Although no contract start date was indicated, it is specified as running for seven years from

300-432: A division between the roles of carrying out repair and maintenance on the one hand, and certifying the vehicle or subsystem or component as flightworthy, on the other. ICAO requires that the certification privilege be a delegated function of the nation's responsible Secretary of State. The Secretary of State may authorize another organization to grant the certification privilege to staff on their behalf. In Europe, licensing

350-435: A fixed sum per flying hour. A complete engine and accessory replacement service was provided, allowing the operator to accurately forecast this cost, and relieving him from purchasing stocks of engines and accessories. In the 1980s, Rolls-Royce plc reinstated the program to provide the operator with a fixed engine maintenance cost over an extended period of time. Operators are assured of an accurate cost projection and avoid

400-543: A maintenance checks or blocks which are packages of maintenance tasks that have to be done on an aircraft after a certain amount of time or usage. Packages are constructed by dividing the maintenance tasks into convenient, bite-size chunks to minimize the time the aircraft is out of service, to keep the maintenance workload level, and to maximize the use of maintenance facilities. An engine failure can significantly impact operations and revenue. A programme of calculated pre-emptive engine changes, sometimes referred to as "power by

450-578: A maintenance organization to grant the certification privilege to staff on their behalf. The ICAO defines the licensed or rated role of aircraft maintenance by a technician, engineer or mechanic), allowing that each contracting state may use whichever of these terms it prefers. Although aircraft maintenance technicians, engineers and mechanics all perform essentially the same role, different countries may use these terms in different ways to define their individual levels of qualification and responsibilities. Most national and international licensing bodies make

500-625: A military version of a civilian airframe. Entering service in 1979, the Black Hawk is operated by 34 countries, including the US military which had over 2,000 examples across a range of variants. Lockheed Martin had selected StandardAero to carry out final assembly of the aircraft in Gosport , England. Bell 412 The Bell 412 is a utility helicopter of the Huey family manufactured by Bell Helicopter . It

550-650: A new aircraft acquired through the NMH programme. Initially, the aircraft to be replaced are the Royal Air Force's twenty-three Westland Puma HC2 and three Bell 412 Griffin ; and the British Army's three Bell 212 and six Airbus AS365 Dauphin . The Puma HC2 fleet is planned to be supported until at least 2028, whereas the Griffin and Bell 212, which supported British Forces Cyprus and British Forces Brunei , were replaced by

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600-456: A similar program for piston engines in general aviation aircraft. Bombardier Aerospace offers its Smart Services program, covering parts and maintenance by the hour. At the completion of any maintenance task a person authorized by the national airworthiness authority or delegated organization signs a maintenance release stating that maintenance has been performed in accordance with the applicable airworthiness requirements. A maintenance release

650-528: Is a development of the Bell 212 , with the major difference being the composite four-blade main rotor. It is a twin-turbine helicopter that has been popular on the civilian and military markets, and major users include Canada, Italy, and Japan. Several hundred have been produced since its introduction in 1979, and several iterations of upgrades and variations have been produced, such as with upgraded cockpit electronics. It has been manufactured under license in Italy as

700-487: Is expected to be reviewed during 2025, when a contract is also expected to be awarded. The New Medium Helicopter programme has the objective of providing UK Joint Aviation Command with a modern medium-lift helicopter, replacing the outdated existing aircraft currently used by the British Army , the Royal Air Force , and UK Strategic Command bases in Cyprus and Brunei. The programme aims to achieve this by: On 22 March 2021,

750-516: Is governed by EASA Part-66. A person directly licensed to certify flightworthiness is a holder of a Part-66 AML (Aircraft Maintenance License). In many other countries, including Australia, Bangla Desh, Canada, India, New Zealand and South Africa, a person directly granted the privilege of certification is a qualified AME ( Aircraft Maintenance Engineer ) or Licensed AME, also written as LAME or L-AME. (Unlicensed mechanics or tradespersons are sometimes informally referred to as "Unlicensed AMEs" ) In

800-545: Is offering the AW149 . Partner companies forming Team AW149 UK would include Aerco , Chelton , Ford Aerospace, Helitune, LFD and RDDS Avionics. The AW149 operates with either two General Electric CT7-2E1 engines or two Safran Aneto-1K engines. Leonardo has indicated that it would assemble the AW149 at a new assembly-line at its Yeovil facility in Somerset, England. Yeovil would act as

850-727: Is shut down, a single engine can produce emergency power for 30 minutes. The aircraft has been produced in Montreal, Canada, in Italy under license by Agusta, in Indonesia by Indonesian Aerospace, and also in Japan by Subaru (Fuji Heavy Industries). The Bell 412 was also initially manufactured in Texas, USA. The emergency medical configuration can carry 6 patients/wounded and two attendants, or two stretchers and up to four attendants. By 2022, over 1300 Bell 412 helicopters had been delivered. The Bell 412

900-481: Is sometimes called a certificate of release to service (CRS). In the case of a certified aircraft this may be a licensed aircraft maintenance engineer , Designated Airworthiness Representative – Maintenance (DAR-T) or holder of an EASA Part-66 Aircraft Maintenance License (AML), while for amateur-built aircraft this may be the owner or builder of the aircraft. In some countries the Secretary of State may authorise

950-568: Is used by private and commercial operators. It is particularly popular in the oil industries, military, and for law enforcement use. Data from International Directory of Civil Aircraft, Bell 412EP Product Specifications General characteristics Performance Related development Related lists Aircraft maintenance The maintenance of aircraft is highly regulated, in order to ensure safe and correct functioning during flight. In civil aviation national regulations are coordinated under international standards, established by

1000-665: The Agusta-Bell AB412 , in Indonesia by Indonesian Aerospace, and in Japan by Subaru. The Canadian Bell 412 was produced in Canada, but it was already the location of the main Bell Textron factory. Development began in the late 1970s, with two Bell 212s being converted into 412 prototypes. An advanced four-blade main rotor with a smaller diameter replaced the 212's two-blade rotor. A Bell 412 prototype first flew in August 1979. The initial model

1050-500: The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). This regulation establishes four levels of authorization: The Maintenance, Repair, Overhaul (MRO) Market was US$ 135.1 billion in 2015, three quarters of the $ 180.3 billion aircraft production market. Of this, 60% is for civil aviation : air transport 48%, business and general aviation 9%, rotorcraft 3%; and military aviation is 40%: fixed wing 27% and rotary 13%. Of

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1100-765: The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The ICAO standards have to be implemented by local airworthiness authorities to regulate the maintenance tasks, personnel and inspection system. Maintenance staff must be licensed for the tasks they carry out. Major airworthiness regulatory authorities include the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB), Transport Canada (TC) and Indian Directorate General of Civil Aviation . Aircraft maintenance in civil aviation generally organized using

1150-671: The PW1000G with 7%, the Rolls-Royce Trent 700 with 6%, the CF6 -80C2 with 5%, the CFM LEAP with 5% and the General Electric CF34 -8 with 4%. Between 2018 and 2022, the largest MRO demand will be for CFM engines with 36%, followed by GE with 24%, Rolls with 13%, IAE with 12% and Pratt with 7%. As an aircraft gets older, a greater percentage of its value is represented by its engines . Over

1200-505: The $ 64.3 billion air transport MRO market, 40% is for engines, 22% for components, 17% for line, 14% for airframe and 7% for modifications. It is projected to grow at 4.1% per annum until 2025 to $ 96 billion. Airliner MRO should reach $ 74.3 billion in 2017: 51% ($ 37.9B) single-aisles , 21% ($ 15.6B) long-range twin-aisles , 8% ($ 5.9B) medium-range twin-aisles, 7% ($ 5.2B) large aircraft , 6% ($ 4.5B) regional jets as turboprop regional airliners and 1% ($ 0.7B) short range twin-aisles. Over

1250-714: The 2017–2026 decade, the worldwide market should reach over $ 900 billion, led by 23% in North America, 22% in Western Europe, and 19% in Asia Pacific. In 2017, of the $ 70 billion spent by airlines on maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO), 31% were for engines, 27% for components, 24% for line maintenance, 10% for modifications and 8% for the airframe; 70% were for mature airliners ( Airbus A320 and A330 , Boeing 777 and 737NG ), 23% were for “sunset” aircraft ( McDonnell Douglas MD-80 , Boeing 737 Classic , 747 or 757 ) and 7%

1300-692: The Airbus A320 or the Boeing 737-800, their CFM56 value increased from 27–29% to 48–52% of the aircraft value. The 777-200ER's Pratt & Whitney PW4000 and the A330-300's Rolls-Royce Trent 700 engines rose from a share of 18–25% in 2001 to 29–40% in 2013. For the Airbus A320neo and Boeing 737 MAX , between 52% and 57% of their value lies in their engines: this could rise to 80–90% after ten years, while new Airbus A350 or Boeing 787 engines are worth 36–40% of

1350-422: The Bell 412EP as its Bell 412 LUH entrant in the U.S. Army Light Utility Helicopter program, where it competed against several other light helicopters for an order. The current production version, 412EP (Enhanced Performance), is equipped with a dual digital automatic flight control system. In 2013, Bell introduced the 412EPI , which includes an electronic (digital) engine control for a PT6T-9 engine upgrade and

1400-836: The Blackhawk); the H160M Guepard and H225M Caracal by Airbus Helicopters; the UH-1Y Venom and 525 Relentless by Bell ; the Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey ; and the NHIndustries NH90 . Bell and AceHawk Aerospace did not pass the pre-qualification questionnaire . Boeing confirmed in March 2023 that rather than offering its own aircraft, which it was anticipated would have been the MH-139 Grey Wolf , it would be partnering with Airbus on

1450-657: The H175M bid. In July 2023, the defence media reported that the number of aircraft to be acquired had been reduced to a maximum of 35. However, the MOD denied it had reduced the quantity under consideration, stating "There has been no change to the advertised requirement in the New Medium Helicopter contract notice that was published in May 2022." The MOD added that "the second half of the competition will be launched later [in 2023]." Bidding

1500-529: The H175M. It is a twin-engine helicopter which according to Airbus has the largest cabin space and fuel capacity in its class. Airbus was to partner with Boeing Defence UK , Babcock , Martin-Baker and Spirit AeroSystems to form the H175m Task Force. Pratt & Whitney Canada was to supply PT6C-67E turbo-shaft engines. The H175M was to be manufactured at Airbus's factory located at Hawarden Airport , Broughton , Wales. Italian manufacturer Leonardo

1550-406: The MOD published Defence in a Competitive Age , in which it indicated that it would invest in a new medium-lift helicopter during the mid-2020s. The Defence and Security Industrial Strategy , published at the same time, outlined that to maintain cost-effective access to upgrades and support for the helicopter fleet, the MOD's intention was to consolidate existing fleets through their replacement by

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1600-561: The Puma HC2 is intended for replacement, the other types have already been retired or will remain in service. Three manufacturers originally competed for the contract, Airbus Helicopters offering the H175M , Leonardo Helicopters offering the AW149 and Lockheed Martin offering the S-70M Blackhawk . However, in August 2024, only Leonardo had submitted a bid by the required deadline. The bid

1650-720: The Puma in 2023 and 2022 respectively. In the meantime and separately from the NMH programme, the MOD published a transparency notice in November 2023 indicating its intention to acquire six Airbus H145M helicopters (to be known as the Jupiter HC2) for use in Cyprus and Brunei. The Jupiters are expected to be delivered in late 2024. Janes reported in February 2024, that the AS365 Dauphins used by army's special forces would now remain in service for

1700-578: The US and elsewhere in the Americas, a person rated for aircraft repair and maintenance is a qualified AMT ( aircraft maintenance technician ), or, colloquially, Airframe and Powerplant (A&P). A person directly designated to exercise the privilege of certification for the work is a DAR-T (Designated Airworthiness Representative – Maintenance). Roles may be further divided up. In Europe aircraft maintenance personnel must comply with Part 66, Certifying Staff, issued by

1750-414: The breakdowns costs; the term is trademarked by Rolls-Royce but is the common name in the industry. It is an option for operators of several Rolls-Royce aircraft engines . Other aircraft engine manufacturers such as General Electric and Pratt & Whitney offer similar programs. Jet Support Services provides hourly cost maintenance programs independently of the manufacturers. GEMCO also offers

1800-446: The business while implying a reasonable prospect of winning,”. Lockheed Martin also withdrew prior to the bid deadline, explaining that "We believe that Black Hawk remains the best solution both for the UK armed forces… but have elected not to submit a response to the New Medium Helicopter [tender] as we could not meet its minimum requirements in today’s market conditions,". This left the AW149 as

1850-499: The contract was £1 billion and it was anticipated to run from October 2023 until October 2028. Initially the program's main focus was the Puma HC2, but other types were included; by the time the contract was under review the focus was the Puma helicopters fleet. Breaking Defense news noted in 2024, "NMH has been designed to source a replacement for Airbus Puma HC2 helicopters, though it was previously intended to also replace Bell 212, Bell 412 and Airbus Dauphin fleets." The MOD published

1900-455: The course of the engine life it is possible to put value back in by repair and overhaul , to sell it for its remaining useful time, or to disassemble it and sell the used parts, to extract its remaining value. Its maintenance value includes the value of life-limited parts (LLPs) and the time before overhaul . The core value is the value of its data plate and non-life-limited-parts. Engine makers deeply discount their sales, up to 90%, to win

1950-558: The date of award. Invitations to tender were expected to be issued by the MOD by 30 September 2022. In October 2022, the MOD selected four contenders to progress to the next stage, Airbus offering the H175M , Boeing with an undisclosed aircraft, Leonardo offering the AW149 and Lockheed Martin offering the S-70 Blackhawk. Other contenders which were suggested as potential bids were the AceHawk Aerospace ML-70 (a variant of

2000-478: The exact figure. A senior executive of Spirit AeroSystems , part of the Airbus bid, stated in May 2024 that the size of the contract would be for around 30 helicopters. Shortly before the deadline for bids, Airbus announced it was withdrawing from the contest, stating that it would be "unable to formulate a responsible bid that would in parallel satisfy the customer’s requirements and provide adequate long-term returns to

2050-499: The foreseeable future. Despite the MOD having yet to release a formal requirement, Airbus Helicopters , Leonardo and Sikorsky (part of Lockheed Martin ) displayed their proposals to meet the NMH requirement at the DSEI 2021 defence exhibition in September 2021. In October 2021, the MOD indicated that no final decision had been taken on the method of procurement, but that the expectation

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2100-474: The hour", provides budget predictability, avoids installing a loan unit during repairs when an aircraft part fails and enrolled aircraft may have a better value and liquidity. This concept of unscheduled maintenance was initially introduced for aircraft engines to mitigate engine failures . The term was coined by Bristol Siddeley in 1962 to support Vipers of the British Aerospace 125 business jets for

2150-706: The market, increasing concerns about intellectual property sharing. Shared data-supported predictive maintenance can reduce operational disruptions. Among other factors, prognostics helped Delta Air Lines reduce maintenance cancellations by 98% from 5,600 in 2010 to 78 in 2017. Insourced maintenance can be inefficient for small airlines with a fleet below 50–60 aircraft. They have to either outsource it or sell its MRO services to other carriers for better resource utilization. For example, Spain's Air Nostrum operates 45 Bombardier CRJs and ATR 72s and its 300-person maintenance department provides line, base maintenance and limited component repair for other airlines 20% of

2200-400: The multi-year stream of spares and services, resembling the razor and blades model . Engines installed on a new aircraft are discounted by at least 40% while spare engine values closely follow list prices. Accounting for 80% of a shop visit cost, LLP prices escalate to recoup the original discount, until engine availability increase with aircraft teardowns . Between 2001 and 2018 for

2250-561: The only contender. A contract is also expected to be awarded in 2025. However, a Strategic Defence Review announced in July 2024 by the Labour government , has raised speculation that the project could face cancellation to make budget savings. There were three initial contenders for the NMH contract. European multinational company Airbus Helicopters offered a military version of the H175 , designated as

2300-476: The time. Airframe heavy maintenance is worth $ 6 billion in 2019: $ 2.9 billion for C checks and $ 3.1 billion for D checks , Aviation Week & Space Technology forecasts a growth to $ 7.5 billion in 2028 — $ 3.1 billion C and $ 4.2 billion D — for $ 70 billion over 10 years, 10% of the overall market compared to 40% for the engines. The commercial aviation engine MRO market is anticipated by Aviation Week & Space Technology to be $ 25.9 billion in 2018,

2350-494: Was certified in January 1981, with deliveries commencing in the same month. The 412 model was followed by the 412SP (Special Performance) version, which featured a larger fuel capacity, a higher takeoff weight, and optional seating arrangements. In 1991, the 412HP (High Performance) variant with improved transmission replaced the SP version in production. In the early 2000s, Bell offered

2400-478: Was opened for the programme as the Invitation to Negotiate phase was launched in February 2024. Three manufacturers, Airbus Helicopters, Leonardo Helicopters and Lockheed Martin were expected to submit bids, with a closing date of 30 August 2024. Throughout 2024, defence industry sources again indicated that the expected order size would be reduced, potentially to 25-35 aircraft, with the MOD declining to comment on

2450-437: Was spent on modern models ( Boeing 787 , Embraer E-Jet , Airbus A350XWB and A380 ). In 2018, the commercial aviation industry expended $ 88 billion for MRO, while military aircraft required $ 79.6 billion, including field maintenance. Airliner MRO is forecast to reach $ 115 billion by 2028, a 4% compound annual growth rate from $ 77.4 billion in 2018. Major airframe manufacturers Airbus , Boeing and Embraer entered

2500-418: Was that it will be subject to a competition. A prior information notice was published by the MOD on 11 November 2021, which outlined the scope of the project and the intention to carry out early engagement with potential suppliers. The MOD indicated that it anticipated 36 to 44 new helicopters would be procured, as well as two cockpit flight simulators and one cabin simulator. At this stage the estimated cost of

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