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42-665: It includes the majority of the Town of New Hartford plus portions of the Town of Kirkland and the Town of Paris . The district includes the Village of New Hartford and the Washington Mills census-designated place . Additionally, the district extends into Herkimer County , where it includes a section of the Town of Frankfort . In 2016, the border between the Utica City School District and New Hartford Central School District

84-462: A Revolutionary War veteran. Other settlers included Nathan Seward, Ashbel Beach, Amos Ives, Solomon Blodget, Salmon Butler, Joel Blair, Agift Hill, Stephen Bushnell, Joseph Jennings. Captain David Risley, Revolutionary War veteran and brother Allen Risley, and Truman and Webster Kellogg settled in the area that is now the hamlet of Washington Mills . There were two families named Olmstead, and

126-508: A Seymour, Hurlburt, Kilborn, and Montague. More settlers from Connecticut were Henry Blackstone, Zenas Gibbs, Ashbel Tylor, and Nehemiah Ensworth (from Canterbury ), all arriving in 1791. The first child born to the settlers was Uriel H. Kellogg. Thirty-nine years after Sanger arrived, the Town of New Hartford was created on April 12, 1827, formed from the Town of Whitestown. Whitestown originally contained all of New York state west of Herkimer , and

168-515: A farm in the area then known as Middle Settlement in 1789 and resided there until his death. Shortly after arriving, he was commissioned Captain in the local militia and rose to the rank of Brigadier-general at the time of the War of 1812 . Eli Butler arrived from Middletown, Connecticut , also in 1789. John French (1766–1839) arrived from New Hampshire in 1792 and settled another farm, as did Colonel Nathan Seward (1758–1815) of Connecticut, also

210-399: A government, individual, or legal entity from their prior owners. "Patent" is both a process and a term. As a process, it is somewhat parallel to gaining a patent for intellectual property , including the steps of uniquely defining the property at issue, filing, processing, and granting. Unlike intellectual property patents, which have time limits, a land patent is permanent. A land patent

252-658: A system of written laws, Crown rights and officials, courts, and permanent records. After the American Revolution and the ratification of the US Constitution , the US Treasury Department was placed in charge of managing all public lands. In 1812, the United States General Land Office was created to assume that duty. In accord with specific Acts of Congress and under the hand and seal of

294-550: Is a town in Oneida County, New York , United States. As of the 2020 census , the town population was 21,874. The name of New Hartford was provided by a settler family from Hartford, Connecticut . The Town of New Hartford contains a village named New Hartford . New Hartford is the largest suburb of Utica , which is located directly north of the town and village. New Hartford was settled in March 1788 when Jedediah Sanger , who

336-412: Is a deed conveying 234 acres (95 ha) to Sanger from George Washington and George Clinton for $ 1.27 per acre in 1790. From the recorded deeds, the land Sanger sold to Hibgee was sold for slightly less than the price originally paid by Sanger. In spite of the research done in 1889, the original story is popularly told. This version can be found at the Town of New Hartford website and is attributed to

378-567: Is a form of letters patent assigning official ownership of a particular tract of land that has gone through various legally-prescribed processes like surveying and documentation, followed by the letter's signing, sealing, and publishing in public records, made by a sovereign entity. While land patents are still issued by governments to indicate property is privately held, they are also often used by sovereign citizens and similar groups in illegitimate attempts to gain unlawful possession of property, or avoid taxes and foreclosure. Land patents are

420-411: Is known in law as "letters patent" and usually issues to the original grantee and to their heirs and assigns forever. The patent stands as supreme title to the land because it attests that all evidence of title existent before its issue date had been reviewed by the sovereign authority under which it was sealed and was so sealed as irrefutable. Thus, the land patent itself so becomes at law the title to

462-699: The Erie Canal was constructed through Utica, removing most cross-state traffic from New Hartford. Utica then grew into a large city and New Hartford continues to this day to be a suburb. Most of New Hartford is within the New Hartford Central School District . Portions of the town are in Clinton Central School District and Sauquoit Valley Central School District . Schools in the New Hartford district include: According to

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504-657: The Jones' Annals of 1851 as a primary reference. The story was expressed in an address at the 1888 New Hartford Centennial by Henry Hurlburt, again citing Jones' Annals as his source. It is again repeated in Our County and Its People: A Descriptive Work on Oneida County, New York, Wager, 1896 . However, a footnote in Transactions of the Oneida Historical Society at Utica, New Hartford Centennial, 1889 , which documented

546-510: The Town of Whitestown at the time. Within a year, Sanger sold the area east of the creek to Joseph Higbee, the areas' second resident, for one dollar per acre. A subsequent survey found this area was 600 acres (240 ha). This narrative of a 1000-acre purchase by Sanger for $ 500 and the ensuing resale to Higbee of half the land for $ 500 (a 100% profit) is repeated in The History of Oneida County, New York by Samuel W. Durant, 1878 which used

588-669: The US Congress . An example of Congress granting land through patents to corporate entities is the railroad grants made under the Pacific Railroad Acts to compensate the railroad companies for building a transnational railroad across America. When a territory agreed to enter the United States, an Enabling Act was agreed to as a condition precedent of statehood. The Enabling Act requires that all unappropriated lands, which are not yet privately owned, to be forever disclaimed by

630-557: The US President , the General Land Office issued more than 2 million land grants made patent (land patents), passing the title of specific parcels of public land from the nation to private parties (individuals or private companies). Some of the land so granted had survey or other costs associated with it. Some patentees paid those fees for their land in cash, others homesteaded a claim, and still others came into ownership via one of

672-584: The United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 25.5 square miles (66 km ), of which 25.4 square miles (66 km ) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km ) (0.46%) is water. The eastern town line is formed by the boundaries of the towns of Litchfield and Frankfort in Herkimer County . The following is listed on the National Register of Historic Places : As of

714-531: The census of 2000, there were 21,172 people, 8,601 households, and 5,625 families residing in the town. The population density was 834.1 people per square mile (322.1/km . There were 9,084 housing units at an average density of 357.9 per square mile 138.2/km . The racial makeup of the town was 96.03% White , 0.80% Black or African American , 0.10% Native American , 2.34% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.21% from other races , and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.73% of

756-448: The right , title , and interest to a defined area. It is usually granted by a central , federal , or state government to an individual, partnership, trust, or private company. The land patent is not to be confused with a land grant . Patented lands may be lands that had been granted by a sovereign authority in return for services rendered or accompanying a title or otherwise bestowed gratis , or they may be lands privately purchased by

798-529: The 1888 centennial, questions the validity of the story through research of property deed records. The footnote cites one deed for the sale of four 492 acre lots from John G. Leake to Sanger in November 1790 for approximately $ 1.16 per acre (US dollars were not the currency in use at the time), and another deed shows the sale of one of the four lots to Higbee in December 1791 for approximately $ 1.06 per acre. Also listed

840-457: The 19th century. The Village of New Hartford was incorporated in 1870, from approximately 406 acres (164 ha) of the town by a vote of 32 to 9. On December 21, 1871, the area of the village east of the Sauquoit Creek was reverted to the town. The earliest manufacturing operations were concentrated along the Sauquoit Creek and utilized water as the primary power source. The power of

882-628: The Coxe Patent , land purchased directly from the colonial government of New York . Other portions of New Hartford is made up of land from the following Patents: In 1789, Sanger relocated his family to the settlement and erected a sawmill. A gristmill was added in 1790. Both mills utilized the water of the Sauquoit for power. Another early settler was General Oliver Collins (1762–1838), Connecticut native, Revolutionary War veteran and father of future Congressman Ela Collins . Collins settled

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924-670: The Crown made large grants of territory to individuals and companies. In turn, the companies and colonial governors later made smaller grants of land based on actual surveys of the land. Thus, in colonial America on the Atlantic seaboard , a connection was made between the surveying of a land tract and its "patenting" as private property . Numerous other land patents were granted by the Crown for lands purchased by private individuals from Native American tribes. Many original colonies' land patents came from

966-465: The General Land Office issued a land patent for the claimed public land and sent it on to the President for his signature. The first US land patent was issued on March 4, 1788, to John Martin. That patent reserves to the United States one third of all gold , silver , lead and copper within the claimed land. Usage restrictions (such as oil and mineral rights, roadways, ditches, and canals) placed on

1008-644: The New Hartford Historical Society: "Sanger traveled to Philadelphia and purchased 1,000 acres (400 ha) of land at $ .50 per acre on credit from George Washington and George Clinton. The following year he shrewdly sold a little over half the land on the east side of the Sauquoit Creek to Joseph Higbee (Higby) at $ 1.00 per acre." Present-day New Hartford covers over 16,000 acres (6,500 ha) in area, considerably more than that contained in Sanger's original purchases. Sanger's purchase had been part of

1050-405: The average family size was 2.94. In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.7% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 25.7% from 45 to 64, and 23.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.1 males. The median income for a household in the town

1092-505: The certificate that grants such rights include "first-title deed" and '"final certificate." Land in the United States of America was acquired by claim, seizure, annexation, purchase, treaty, or war from France , Great Britain , the Kingdom of Hawaii , Mexico , Russia , Spain , and the Native American peoples. As England , later to become Great Britain, began to colonize America ,

1134-719: The corresponding country of control like Great Britain. Most such patents were permanently granted. Those patents are still in force; the US government honors those patents by treaty law, and, as with all such land patents, they cannot be changed. Many early patents of lands originally granted by Native peoples were contested, occasionally in court, as a result of different understandings of "private property" and "ownership" between those people. Indigenous Americans often held land and its bounties communally, reinforced by oral tradition, while those from Western Europe who held established and finite views on assets, their transfer, and their adjudication in

1176-471: The creek was the reason that New Hartford had such extensive manufacturing operations for a town of its size. Business in New Hartford exceeded that of Utica due to the water power of the creek. Most factories later transitioned to steam power . Another boon to the economy of New Hartford was the Seneca Turnpike , a toll road connecting Utica to the western part of the state. The Seneca Road Company

1218-593: The land are spelled out in the patent and are distinct from state and local statutory regulations relative to property appurtenant to the land, such as zoning and building codes, as well as property taxes applying to both land and property. Private property rights accompanying land patents can also be thereafter negotiated in accord with the terms of private contracts. The rights inherent in patented land are carried from heir to heir, heir to assignee, or assignee to assignee and cannot be changed except by private contract ( warranty deed , quitclaim deed , etc.). In most cases,

1260-564: The land defined within its four corners. In practice, the irrefutability of counter-claims is relative, but once a patent is granted, permanence of title is established. In the United States , all claims of land ownership can be traced back to a land patent, first-title deed , or similar document regarding land previously France , Spain , the United Kingdom , Mexico , the Kingdom of Hawaii , Russia , or Native Americans . Other terms for

1302-782: The law of a particular piece of patented land will be governed by the Congressional Act or treaty under which it was acquired, or by terms spelled out in the patent. For example, US laws govern the land may involve the Homestead Act or reservations placed on the face of the patent, and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo governs certain jurisdictional dicta relating to large amounts of land in California and adjoining territories. Legal entities other than natural persons (such as trusts and corporations) may not obtain land patents except by express act of

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1344-461: The local registrar records to make sure the claimed land was still available. The receiver (bursar) took the claimant's payment, because even homesteaders had to pay administrative fees. Then, the district land office register and receiver sent the paperwork to the General Land Office in Washington. That office double-checked the accuracy of the claim, its availability and the form of payment. Finally,

1386-411: The many donation acts that Congress passed to transfer public lands to private ownership. Whatever the method, the General Land Office followed a two-step procedure in granting a patent. Firstly, the private claimant went to the land office in the land district in which the public land was located. The claimant filled out entry papers to select the public land, and the land office register (clerk) checked

1428-628: The poor (2), collector , commissioners of common schools (3), inspectors of schools (3). Seven years later, the town was enlarged, with a piece of the Town of Kirkland by legislative act on April 26, 1834. The legislature passed an act on November 22, 1855, transferring a small part of New Hartford, Westmoreland , and Whitestown to Kirkland, enabling the hamlet of Clark Mills to be contained entirely within Kirkland instead of being partly within four different towns. Many manufacturing ventures started in New Hartford after its settlement and throughout

1470-409: The population. There were 8,601 households, out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.6% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.6% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and

1512-547: The territory and the people of the territory and the title to ceded to the United States for its disposition. For example, the enabling act of the Washington Territory declares in part: ...that the people inhabiting said proposed States do agree and declare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated public lands lying within the boundaries thereof, and to all lands lying within said limits owned or held by any Indian or Indian tribes; and that until

1554-421: The title thereto shall have been extinguished by the United States, the same shall be and remain subject to the disposition of the United States. .. After the right and title to land was disclaimed by the people of the territory, it was held in trust by the United States until someone proved a claim to it, typically by improving the homestead parcel for a certain period of time. Once a proper claim has been filed,

1596-462: Was $ 45,991, and the median income for a family was $ 60,843. Males had a median income of $ 40,046 versus $ 28,532 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 26,528. About 3.4% of families and 5.0% of the population were below the poverty line , including 4.4% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over. 42% of New Hartford residents ages 25 and older have a bachelor's or advanced college degree. Land patent A land patent

1638-504: Was bankrupted in 1784 by a fire at his farm in Jaffrey, New Hampshire and afterwards moved to the area. According to the earliest recorded history ( Annals and Recollections of Oneida County, Jones, 1851 ), Sanger bought 1,000 acres (400 ha), the land was sold at a price of fifty cents an acre. This land, thought to be separated into two equal parts by the Sauquoit Creek , was part of

1680-406: Was formed in 1800 to improve the main road running west from Utica, NY and operate it as a toll road or turnpike. The original road ran north of New Hartford, but Jedediah Sanger purchased stock in the company and through his influence, the turnpike was routed through New Hartford. The turnpike traffic made New Hartford prosper, outstripping other towns in the area and rivaling neighboring Utica until

1722-533: Was identified by the non-profit EdBuild as the 12th most segregating school district borders in the United States. Robert Nole became superintendent in 2008, and was in that capacity until April 2021. The board of trustees expressed support for and positive reception of Nole. Cosimo Tangorra Jr. became superintendent in July 2021. In June 2024 Tangorra stated that he would resign on March 4, 2025 so he could begin retirement. New Hartford, New York New Hartford

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1764-537: Was subsequently split into many counties and towns with New Hartford being the last. The legislative act was entitled "An Act to Divide the Town of Whitestown, in the County of Oneida." The early settlers had adopted the name New Hartford for the settlement, and the name was retained for the town. The first town meeting was held on April 24, 1827, and the following positions were filled: town supervisor , town clerk , assessors (3), commissioner of highways (3), overseers of

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