This is an accepted version of this page
68-705: The Nordic Resistance Movement is a pan-Nordic neo-Nazi movement in the Nordic countries and a political party in Sweden. Besides Sweden, it is established in Norway, Denmark and Iceland, and formerly in Finland before it was banned in 2019. Terrorism expert Magnus Ranstorp has described the NRM as a terrorist organization due to their aim of abolishing democracy along with their paramilitary activities and weapons caches. In 2022, some members of
136-715: A terrorist organization by the State Department. The group was officially designated as a terrorist group in Canada on 3 February 2021. In 2008, RIM formed its paramilitary arm, named the Imperial Legion ( Russian : Имперский легион ), which has been led by Denis Valliullovich Gariyev since at least 2014, and has called for "young Orthodox men" to dedicate themselves to defending Novorossiya . The group maintains two training facilities in Saint Petersburg, one of which
204-600: A "coup" their names were added to Sweden Democrats' ballots that were open for additions. Late in 2015, the NRM was registered as a political party in Sweden, headed by the organization's spokesman, Pär Öberg. Three men with ties to Swedish NRM were sentenced to prison for respectively eight and a half years, five years, and one and a half years on 7 July 2017 for three bombings in Göteborg which took place in November 2016 and January 2017. One person received life-threatening injuries at
272-503: A Jewish graveyard was vandalized by Danish NRM members in the town of Randers . In 2021, a Jewish graveyard was vandalized on the Passover in the city of Aalborg . Benny Dagan , Israeli ambassador to Denmark, responded that Nazi Nordfront had to be outlawed. Scandinavism Scandinavism ( Danish : skandinavisme ; Norwegian : skandinavisme ; Swedish : skandinavism ), also called Scandinavianism or pan-Scandinavianism ,
340-754: A Scandinavian national anthem. Composer Otto Lindblad set the poem to music, and the composition was published in January 1840. Its popularity peaked in 1845, after which it was seldom sung. In 1923, the Clara Lachmann Foundation was established with the goal of promoting Scandinavian unity through culture. Russian Imperial Movement Far-right Russian irregular units in Ukraine Outside Russia : The Russian Imperial Movement ( RIM ; Russian : Русское имперское движениe , romanized : Russkoye imperskoye dvizheniye , RID )
408-558: A broader cluster of websites for political groups in Russia that promote "political orthodoxy " and monarchy , drawing inspiration from the violent, antisemitic Black Hundreds of early 20th century Russia. Other groups in this cluster include "For Faith and Fatherland" and the modern revival of the " Union of the Russian People ". The movement does not recognize the existence of Ukraine . According to Global Engagement Center , RIM sees
476-639: A gathering in Riesa , Germany, where representatives of RIM took part in together with related organizations such as the neo-Nazi Serbian Action and Bulgarian National Union . On 5 June 2020, the German magazine Focus reported that the German security services were aware of the training of German neo-Nazis in Russia. However, they could not prohibit the Germans from traveling to Saint Petersburg for legal reasons. The authorities assume that Russian President Vladimir Putin
544-726: A global Zionist conspiracy to undermine Russia and restructure the world governments to benefit the Jews . RIM also engages in Holocaust denial, claiming the Jews murder Christian children and drink their blood and that the Jews conspire to bring about the coming of the Anti-Christ . In Russia RIM is politically affiliated with an alliance of orthodox nationalist groups called Russian National Front, consisting of Black Hundreds, Great Russia Party , People's Militia named after Minin and Pozharsky and Union of Orthodox Banner-Bearers . RIM's military arm
612-498: A limited amount of other types of activities". The National Bureau of Investigation suspects the Nordic Resistance Movement to be continuing its operations under the names Kohti Vapautta! , Atomwaffen Division Finland and Suomalaisapu . In its annual threat assessment for 2020, the bureau found that despite the ban, the threat of far-right terrorism had risen and identified 400 persons of interest "motivated and with
680-444: A march with roughly 500 members taking part in Sweden's second largest city Göteborg, timed to coincide with the annual Göteborg Book Fair . Fighting broke out between NRM and counterdemonstrators. Twenty-two NRM members including the organisation's leader Simon Lindberg were arrested on suspicion of violent public disorder, and one counter-demonstrator was arrested on suspicion of attacking a police officer. Swedish Jews were outraged at
748-461: A member convicted of torturing a man to death and possessing illegal weapons. The group assaults people they consider political enemies in their homes, a practice they dub "home visits". In 2020, a campaign chairman was left critically injured after being beaten with a clawhammer in his home in Jämsä . A man connected to the group is charged with attempted murder along with another man. The NRM also vandalized
SECTION 10
#1733084712490816-513: A militant neo-Nazi network active from 1991 to 1993 – were released from prison after being convicted of robberies, bombings and killings, among other things. They formed the Swedish Resistance Movement ( Svenska Motståndsrörelsen or SMR) together with individuals working with the neo-Nazi magazine Folktribunen and members of Nationell Ungdom ("National Youth"), a neofascist and openly racist organisation known for
884-714: A more “cultic” direction has also been observed in the United Kingdom after the banning of the National Action (NA) . In mid-June 2024, there was a series of racist stabbings in Oulu . At least one of the perpetrators was on the terror watchlist for connections to the outlawed terror group NRM. Nordiske Motstandsbevegelsen is the Norwegian chapter of the Nordic Resistance Movement, founded by Haakon Forwald , former member of Dissection and Misanthropic Luciferian Order . The leader of
952-581: A neo-nazi and connected to the local proscribed terror group and Atomwaffen affiliate Feuerkrieg Division . On 30 November 2017, the Pirkanmaa District Court banned the Nordic Resistance Movement in Finland for having "flagrantly violated the principles of good practice". The ban was appealed and a request by the police for a temporary ban was turned down. In September 2018, the Court of appeal in Turku upheld
1020-534: A shotgun from the man. On 6 July 2018, members of the NRM assaulted two pro-Israel activists in Gotland . On 6 July 2022, during Almedalen Week , Ing-Marie Wieselgren died after being stabbed at Donners plats in Visby . The arrested perpetrator was a 33-year-old man who had previously participated in events organized by the neo-Nazi Nordic Resistance Movement and had written for the neo-Nazi website Nordfront . In May 2022,
1088-615: A stake in. Western intelligence officials say they believe that the RIM has ties with and cooperates with Russian intelligence. The New York Times , citing unnamed U.S. officials, states that RIM is only partially aligned with the Russian government; the movement's leadership has been critical of the government's conduct of the Ukraine invasion, and has accused Putin of corruption. Yet, the RIM and Russian intelligence share common goals abroad, leading to
1156-587: A symbiotic relationship in which Russian intelligence has been able to influence the RIM's actions. On 6 April 2020, the U.S. Department of State added the Russian Imperial Movement and three of its leaders (Stanislav Anatolyevich Vorobyev, Denis Valliullovich Gariyev, and Nikolay Nikolayevich Trushchalov ) to the Specially Designated Global Terrorist list, thereby making it the first white supremacist group to be designated
1224-717: A victim under the age of 12" for allegedly "systematically" raping a 10-year-old girl. Rommel was arrested after returning from the frontline in Ukraine and having recovered from wounds sustained there. Rommel was also known for producing media from a Russian Orthodox militant perspective and writing about the New World Order . According to the US State Department, RIM provides paramilitary-style training to extremists throughout Europe and operates two training facilities there. RIM has provided paramilitary training to Finnish neo-Nazis. Finnish neo-Nazis have been recruited for
1292-599: A visit to Sweden in 1837, and committed himself to writing a poem that would convey the relatedness of Swedes, Danes and Norwegians . It was in July 1839, during a visit to the island of Funen in Denmark, that Andersen first wrote the text of his poem, Jeg er en Skandinav ("I am a Scandinavian"). Andersen composed the poem to capture "the beauty of the Nordic spirit, the way the three sister nations have gradually grown together", as part of
1360-560: Is Stanislav Vorobyov . It has been designated as a terrorist group by the United States and Canada . Some of its publications have been blacklisted in Russia, although the Russian government refuses to designate the group as a terrorist organization. The Russian Imperial Movement (RIM) was founded in St. Petersburg in 2002 by Stanislav Vorobyev. RIM's website has been found to be part of
1428-628: Is a Russian ultranationalist and white supremacist militant organization which operates out of Russia . The group seeks to create a new Russian Empire . Its paramilitary wing is the Russian Imperial Legion . During the Donbas War , it recruited and trained thousands of far-right volunteers who joined the Russian separatist forces in Ukraine . It has also given training to other far-right groups in Europe and North America . Its leader
SECTION 20
#17330847124901496-500: Is affiliated with a coalition of neo-Nazi military groups taking part in the Russian invasion of Ukraine made up of Atomwaffen Russland, Rusich and Russian ONA, with some overlap. The International Centre for Counter-Terrorism described the RIM's relationship with the Russian government as "an adversarial symbiosis"; as long as they do not commit terrorism domestically, they are free to operate and offer training to militants and to send troops to conflicts abroad where Russia has
1564-565: Is an ideology that supports various degrees of cooperation among the Scandinavian countries. Scandinavism comprises the literary, linguistic and cultural movement that focuses on promoting a shared Scandinavian past, a shared cultural heritage, a common Scandinavian mythology and a common language or dialect continuum (from the common ancestor language of Old Norse ) and which led to the formation of joint periodicals and societies in support of Scandinavian literature and languages. The movement
1632-547: Is aware of the camps and "at least tolerates them". In 2022, the German government verified that members of the German NPD youth organization Young Nationalists and the German neo-Nazi group " Third Way " trained in Russia in this center. In November 2019, a representative of RIM held a speech at an international conference in Madrid that was organized by the neo-Nazi far-right Spanish political party " National Democracy " which
1700-514: Is known as camp Partizan, located south of Heinäsenmaa [ ru ] island. Partizan runs training in urban warfare, shooting, tactical medicine, high-altitude activity, military psychology, and survival. After the war in Donbas broke out in eastern Ukraine in April 2014, the RIM began training and sending volunteer soldiers to the pro-Russian groups in the conflict in July. Some members of
1768-457: Is responsible for multiple violent crimes, including attacking anti-racism and gay pride demonstrations and stabbing participants of a left-wing event. According to an investigation by Yleisradio , two thirds of the members have a conviction for a violent crime. The NRM is responsible for killing an antifascist activist in 2016 in Helsinki. The group also awarded the title of "activist of the year" to
1836-506: The Baltic countries ". The organization says its struggle will require bloodshed. The NRM has praised Adolf Hitler and Corneliu Codreanu in their publications. Their main tactics are distributing leaflets and making public speeches in inner-city areas in support of neo-Nazism, denouncing immigration. They also publish the Nationellt Motstånd magazine. The Nordic Resistance Movement
1904-553: The Order of Nine Angles , and Musta Kivi has published serialized Finnish translation of ONA's Hostia and has promoted 21 Paths to the Kingdom of Darkness . NRM also sells books by Savitri Devi and ONA adept Kerry Bolton of the Black Order . It also promotes and sells Siege by James Mason that exhorts accelerationism and terrorism. Representatives of the NRM visited James Mason in
1972-549: The Swedish-speaking population of Finland . The collapse of Pan-Scandinavianism came in 1864 when the Second Schleswig-Holstein War broke out. King Karl XV of Sweden (who was also King Karl IV of Norway), who reigned from 1859 until his death in 1872, in spite of championing Pan-Scandinivianism, failed to help Denmark in the war. Author Hans Christian Andersen became an adherent of Scandinavism after
2040-650: The United States Congress began calling for the organization to be added to the United States Department of State list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations . On 14 June 2024, the United States Department of State designated NRM and its leaders as Specially Designated Global Terrorists (SDGT). In December 1997, Klas Lund and some other former members of the White Aryan Resistance ( Swedish : Vitt Ariskt Motstånd , also known as VAM) –
2108-499: The letter bomb terrorist campaign that targeted Spanish governmental institutions, embassies, and military and defense industry installations across Spain in late 2022. Important RIM members are known to have been present in Spain, and the RIM has fostered ties with Spanish far-right groups. In 2008, RIM visited Sweden in order to attend Karl XII 's Memorial Day in Stockholm together with
Nordic Resistance Movement - Misplaced Pages Continue
2176-502: The war in Ukraine by local far-right pro-Russian parties . In July 2023 the Finnish police arrested five men in Lahti who possessed assault rifles and adhered to accelerationism and Siege and planned to ignite a race war by attacking the infrastructure, electric grid and railroads. The men discussed forming a new Atomwaffen cell, and discussed assassinating Prime minister Sanna Marin . It
2244-486: The "Last Crusade"....The "Last Crusade" proved to be a successful promotion of RIM's training camps to American accelerationists. In 2018, the neo-Nazi Atomwaffen Division's (AWD) leader Kaleb James Cole, accompanied by another member Aiden Bruce-Umbaugh, traveled to Russia to receive training at RIM's facilities. RIM has also provided training to other US nationals affiliated with AWD in St. Petersburg sometime around 2020. At present,
2312-503: The European Union. On 28 February 2018, The Verge reported that Discord had shut down a number of neo-Nazi and alt-right servers, including that of the Nordic Resistance Movement, from their private chat platform, for abuse of their Terms of Service. The aim of Nordic Resistance Movement is to establish a Pan-Nordic neo-Nazi republic "consisting of the Nordic countries Sweden, Finland, Norway, Denmark, Iceland and possibly even
2380-652: The Finnish SS Battalion on the Finnish independence day , which ends at the Hietaniemi cemetery where members visit the tomb of Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim and the monument to the Finnish SS Battalion . The event has been protested by antifascists, which has led to counterdemonstrators being violently assaulted by the NRM members who act as security. The demonstration attracts close to 3000 participants according to
2448-700: The Finns Party took part in an event where the participants shot and threw knives at targets, using photos of members of the Rinne Cabinet and attended an event commemorating Eugen Schauman , who assassinated Nikolay Bobrikov . Finns Party Youth members and leaders also attend "Etnofutur" ethnonationalist conferences in Estonia organized by the Blue Awakening together with the NRM. The founder of Blue Awakening and current MP for EKRE Ruuben Kaalep has been described as
2516-678: The Imperial Legion have worked as mercenaries in the Middle East and North Africa. On January 30, 2020, it was reported that Vladimir Skopinov, who had also previously fought in Donbas and Syria , had died in Libya —the second member of the Legion to die there. Some people affiliated with the movement have been implicated in crimes. Klaud Rommel who was affiliated with Russian orthodox fundamentalist militias has been charged with "sexual violence committed against
2584-670: The Israeli embassy over 20 times and defaced synagogues, causing the Finnish ambassador to be called to the Israeli foreign ministry in Jerusalem twice. On 5 December 2020, Finnish police arrested a NRM member for murdering a fellow member, this time in Riihimäki . On 17 March 2021, Finnish police arrested another NRM member and confiscated several crates of explosives from his apartment. The NRM along with other nationalist organizations organizes an annual torch march demonstration in Helsinki in memory of
2652-503: The NRM and National Action was convicted of terror offenses and membership in the proscribed organization while living in Llansilin . The leader of National Action, Benjamin Raymond, also visited the NRM in Finland and held speeches and was pictured posing with an assault rifle. The NRM also closely cooperates with the neo-Nazi military formation Azov Battalion : Olena Semenyaka , spokeswoman of
2720-507: The NRM's foreign allies like Junge Nationalisten , who praised the event and compared it to the Battle of Helsinki , "when Germans and Finns marched side by side and liberated the city from the communists". In addition to violent crimes, the NRM is closely connected to the proscribed terrorist organization National Action . A Finnish corporal who had served in Afghanistan and was a member of both
2788-684: The Nordic Resistance Movement announced that the National Youth organisation and all its activities and members had been merged with the SRM. In December 2013, armed NRM members attacked an anti-racist demonstration in Stockholm which resulted in riots and clashes. Many were arrested afterwards. In the 2014 Swedish election, two members of the NRM were elected to Sweden Democrats seats in the municipal councils in Ludvika and Borlänge . In what has been described as
Nordic Resistance Movement - Misplaced Pages Continue
2856-568: The Nordic Resistance Movement staged an event at Lækjartorg in Reykjavík where they spread flyers and promoted the organisation. The event sparked an anti-Nazi demonstration a few days later which drew an estimated 200 participants. Nordiske Modstandsbevægelse is the Danish branch of the Nordic Resistance Movement and it is led by Jacob Vullum Andersen. In 2019, on the anniversary of the Kristallnacht
2924-434: The Norwegian branch is Tommy Olsen. They are organized in four subchapters (or nests) in Norway. In 2014, Norwegian police confiscated illegal submachine guns and automatic rifles from a member. In 2019, another member was arrested after hijacking an ambulance, trying to ram a police car and driving into a crowd. Inside the ambulance the police discovered a shotgun and Uzi submachine gun. Norwegian-Russian neo-Nazi Yan Petrovsky
2992-484: The RIM; specifically, on previous occasions, they have traveled to Russia to train with the group, however Miller described these connections as "relatively loose and informal". The ties between Atomwaffen and RIM reach back to 2015 when Brandon Russell met with the leadership of RIM. Additionally both groups adhere to James Mason 's accelerationism. According to the Center on Terrorism, Extremism and Counterterrorism ; In
3060-402: The Swedish police arrested a man from Falköping for possessing firearms and powerful explosives. The police allege the man plotted mass shooting and bombing. According to Vice News the man possessed material by NRM, Iron March and Atomwaffen Division . In April 2024, the NRM attacked a Roma encampment and destroyed it, and later the same month they attacked an antifascist gathering, assaulting
3128-405: The United States in 2019 with a touring NRM-affiliated Finnish neo-Nazi music collective, "Bolt of Ukko " ( Ukonvasama ). Even though the Finnish NRM rejects parliamentarism unlike the Swedish branch, there have been numerous cases where members of the Finns Party have attracted criticism from the other parties and antifascists for attending events organized by or with the NRM. Several members of
3196-532: The attendants and throwing smoke bombs. Three antifascists were beaten so badly they were hospitalized. Nordic Strength ( Swedish : Nordisk Styrka ) is an underground paramilitary group, formed in August 2019 by the most hard-line NRM members who reject the parliamentary oriented mass organization strategy of the Swedish group as an insufficiently radical approach. The group describes itself as an "activist organization" (" kamporganisation ") and maintains very strict physical standards for its members. The members of
3264-457: The ban. In March 2019, the Supreme Court placed a temporary ban on the group. On 22 September 2020, the Supreme Court upheld the ban. The Supreme Court noted in its ruling that "The use of violence linked to the organization's activities has to be considered a part of the organization's operations...The operating methods that were considered unlawful represented a substantial part of the organization's operations, and [the organization] only engaged in
3332-405: The bombing of a refugee centre in Västra Frölunda . They were convicted of two of the bombings.The men were part of a group of Swedish and Finnish neo-Nazis who went to Russia to receive military training in firearms and explosives from the Russian Imperial Movement . Police also arrested a Russian man connected to the RIM and NRM and confiscated two weapon caches. On 30 September 2017, NRM staged
3400-518: The capacity to perform terrorism in Finland". International links and funding networks were pointed out as a special source of concern. According to the University of Oslo Center for Research on Extremism: Some NRM activists have reasoned that only radical measures will be effective post-ban, thus coming to support e.g. the accelerationist model of activity. Certain members of the group have also appeared as contributors to publications that promote esoteric forms of neo-Nazism. A corresponding shift towards
3468-439: The demonstration, which took place on the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur and was originally planned to pass near a synagogue . The march was re-routed and shortened following a court ruling. On 19 April 2018, fireworks were thrown at the U.S. embassy in Stockholm during a protest against the bombing of Syria . One NRM man was arrested. The same month a member was arrested for plotting to assassinate journalists. Police confiscated
SECTION 50
#17330847124903536-441: The estimates of the police and hundreds of officers patrol Helsinki to prevent violent clashes. The march has been attended and promoted by the Finns Party , and condemned by left-wing parties, for example Green League MP Iiris Suomela characterized it as "obviously neo-nazi" and expressed her disappointment in it being attended by such a large number of people. The event also attracts neo-nazis from abroad and has been attended by
3604-403: The group have been convicted of over 100 violent crimes and weapon offenses and use an old church in Västmanland as their headquarters. Virtually nothing else is known about the underground sect of the already secretive group. Pohjoismainen Vastarintaliike is the Finnish branch of the Nordic Resistance Movement. It was founded by Esa Henrik Holappa, who would later abandon neo-Nazism and leave
3672-433: The group. Its current leader is Antti Niemi. Some of the group's activities include planting of propaganda posters and organizing demonstrations. Members also participate in hand-to-hand combat and shooting training arranged by the organization. The group also advocates pan-Finno-Ugrism, or "Kindred-folk ideology" (" Heimoaate "), and unification with ethnically Finnic Estonia is part of the group's program. The organisation
3740-415: The last decade, RIM has put considerable effort into connecting with other white supremacist, accelerationist, or ultra-Orthodox organizations abroad. Experts from the Stanford Center for International Security and Cooperation even speculate that after fighting in the Donbas War, RIM sought to position itself at the forefront of the transnational white supremacist movement in an ambitious networking plan called
3808-402: The later national borders. Religion and customs were also similar, during the pagan as well as the Christian periods. Thus, no cultural or linguistic distinctions prevented unification of each country. Nor, on the other hand, did such distinctions give rise to natural borders between the kingdoms that eventually emerged. Pan-Scandinavianism as a modern movement originated in the 19th century, but
3876-440: The movement had already begun spreading a century earlier in circles of literature and science. The Pan-Scandinavian movement paralleled the unification movements of Germany and Italy . As opposed to the German and Italian counterparts, the Scandinavian state-building project was not successful and is no longer pursued. It was at its height in the mid-19th century and supported the idea of Scandinavian unity. The movement
3944-478: The murder of the anarchist Björn Söderberg . In 2016, the Nordic Resistance Movement was formed, with separate affiliates in Sweden, Finland, and Norway; a Danish affiliate was later disbanded. The Nordic Resistance Movement advocates an immediate stop to what they call mass immigration to the Scandinavian countries, and repatriation of people that are not of Northern European or of closely related descent. It also advocates Nordic self-sufficiency and withdrawal from
4012-422: The neo-Nazi Party of the Swedes . In autumn 2015 it was noted that RIM had provided support to the Swedish Resistance Movement (SMR), and that RIM's leader Vorobyev had visited SMR in Sweden. On 26 January 2020, a Russian man named Anatoly Udodov was arrested at the Arlanda airport after the police had discovered a cache of weapons belonging to him. The Swedish police had confiscated numerous firearms from him
4080-441: The paramilitary battalion, mentioned a "foreign legion in Ukraine that international volunteers could join, as well as military training camps at the Azov camp in eastern Ukraine." In 2019, an NRM delegation visited an Azov camp in Kyiv . Dozens of the Finns are also part of the Iron March terror network, famous for spawning the Atomwaffen Division . The group distributes the magazine Musta Kivi advocating Esoteric Hitlerism and
4148-410: The previous summer due to his connections to SMR. Udodov was described as the representative of RIM in Sweden by Vorobyev and investigators believe he is the local recruiter for the RIM training camps. According to Swedish police Udodov is friends with a convicted terrorist, 23-year-old Viktor Melin. Melin was part of a group of Swedish neo-Nazis who went to Russia for military training, and upon returning
SECTION 60
#17330847124904216-480: Was active in NRM and was arrested at the home of a leading Norwegian NRM member Ronny Bårdsen and subsequently deported back to Russia as a threat to national security. Petrovsky was previously trained by RIM and was a founding member and second-in-command of the Rusich Group . There have been newspaper articles since 2016 on ties of the movement to Iceland, and it has a website with an Icelandic Internet domain . In September 2019, between 10 and 15 Swedish members of
4284-458: Was attended by members of Alliance for Peace and Freedom . On 29 April 2020, the Spanish Ministry of the Interior received an intelligence report which stated that RIM was inciting its right-wing extremist contacts in Spain to commit acts of terror, such as attacking the infrastructure, transportation system and using chemical weapons against the public. The RIM—possibly acting as a proxy for Russian intelligence—is believed to have perpetrated
4352-462: Was founded by Klas Lund. In 2020, its leader was Simon Lindberg, and its political wing was managed by Pär Öberg [ sv ] . It is known for its opposition to non-white immigration to Sweden. The NRM is considered a central actor in Sweden's white power movement . In November 2003 the Swedish Security Service raided homes of leading members, among them Lund, who was later sentenced to prison for illegal possession of firearms. In May 2006,
4420-433: Was initiated by Danish and Swedish university students in the 1840s, with a base in Scania . In the beginning, the political establishments in the two countries, including the absolute monarch Christian VIII and Charles XIV John with his "one man government", were suspicious of the movement. The movement was a significant force from 1846 to 1864, however the movement eventually dwindled and only had strong support among
4488-404: Was most popular among Danes and Swedes . According to historian Sverre Bagge, prior to the formation of state-like kingdoms in Scandinavia, Scandinavia was culturally and linguistically homogeneous. Even in the thirteenth century the term ‘Danish tongue’ was used for the language throughout the area. There were different dialects, but the lines of division between them did not correspond to
4556-540: Was reported the men had at least planned training in Russia, and had met with Janus Putkonen . Later Iltalehti confirmed the men had acquired training for the use of firearms and explosives. Additionally the group committed burglaries against left-wing targets. RIM initially trained members of its ally Nordic Resistance Movement in Finland, and since its banning it has continued training NRM's successor groups . RIM has provided paramilitary training to German neo-Nazis. In May 2018, German Junge Nationaldemokraten held
4624-431: Was responsible for a string of bombings against minorities and political enemies. According to multiple sources, Atomwaffen Division Russland receives training from the group. The citizens of the United States who are affiliated with the group are also believed to have taken part in it. Later, the National Counterterrorism Center Director Christopher Miller confirmed that American neo-Nazis have had contacts with
#489510