38-611: Inactive or defunct The Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine ( PSPU ) is a banned, pro-Russian political party in Ukraine led by Nataliya Vitrenko . The party was represented in Ukraine's national parliament between 1998 and 2002. The party is considered neo-communist and wants to restore state ownership of industry and workers' democracy in Ukraine. Due to ideological ties to Dugin , it has also been described by some observers as being National Bolshevik . The Progressive Socialist Party
76-482: A December 2018 survey by IranPoll, 63.8% of Iranians have a favorable view of Russia. Diana Șoșoacă , a prominent figure in S.O.S. Romania , has garnered significant support on the social media platform Telegram . Many of her supporters on the platform express Russophile sentiments. Russia is popular in Serbia , and many Serbs have traditionally seen Russia as a close ally due to shared Slavic heritage, culture, and
114-847: A Russian puppet state or a satellite state . The People's Republic of China under the leadership of the Communist Party has supported the Russian Federation closely following international sanctions after Russia invaded Ukraine . China had close ties with the Soviet Union prior to the Sino-Soviet split , owing to ideological kinship between the two communist states. Previous anti-Russian sentiment in China has greatly downgraded, due to perceived common anti-Western sentiment among Russian and Chinese nationalists. Ethnic Russians are one of
152-723: A survey conducted by the Carter Center China Focus in April 2022, approximately 75% of respondents agreed that supporting Russia in the war in Ukraine was in China's best interest. In the first days of the Russian invasion of Ukraine , the nationalistic Little Pink movement drew international attention for their role in contributing to the mostly pro-war, pro-Russia sentiments on the Chinese internet. The Communist movement in Finland during
190-590: Is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district . The English word is derived from French municipalité , which in turn derives from the Latin municipalis , based on the word for social contract ( municipium ), referring originally to the Latin communities that supplied Rome with troops in exchange for their own incorporation into the Roman state (granting Roman citizenship to
228-438: Is considered a neo-communist party, defined as an East European socialist party that distances itself from reformist post-communist parties. The party supports the economic and social principles of communism while criticising the capitalist transition, post-Soviet democratisation and European integration. The party is considered to represent a distinctive, radical form of left-wing, socialist populism. The party describes itself as
266-631: The 2007 parliamentary elections the party failed once more to enter the parliament, its result dropped to 1,32%. In the run-up to the 2010 presidential election the Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine refused to join the Bloc of Left and Center-left Forces since it did not want to be in the same election bloc as the Socialist Party of Ukraine . Instead the party tried to nominate Natalia Vitrenko again as their candidate in that election but
304-594: The 2012 parliamentary elections . In 2011, the PSPU decided to join the People's Front for Russia . The party did not participate in the 2014 parliamentary elections . The party took part in the October 2015 Ukrainian local elections as part of the umbrella party Left Opposition . In the 2020 local elections the party did not nominate candidates for deputies at all except for a candidate for mayor of Romny . On 20 March 2022,
342-581: The Central Election Commission of Ukraine refused to register her for failure to pay the required 2.5 million hryvnya nomination deposit. Eventually the Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine supported Party of Regions leader Viktor Yanukovych in the runoff of the 2010 presidential election. During the 2010 Ukrainian local elections , the party only won three representatives in the Sevastopol municipality . The party did not participate in
380-612: The Cold War inclined towards pro-Soviet tendencies, of which the Taistoist movement was especially pro-Soviet. The Finnish political party Power Belongs to the People (VKK) was unique in its strong support of Russia, being the only pro-Russian party in Finland as of 2022. It protested against sanctions on Russia and supported the 2022 invasion of Ukraine . The party has since dissasociated from
418-515: The EU and uses left-wing rhetoric. PSPU traditionally campaigns on an anti- NATO , anti- IMF and pro-Russian platform. During the 1998 parliamentary elections the party won 4.04% of the vote and 16 seats. The party's candidate for the 1999 presidential elections , Nataliya Vitrenko , came 4th, with 10.97% of the vote in the first round. The party's parliamentary faction was dissolved in February 2000. At
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#1732875624900456-514: The Eurasian Economic Community (including its Customs Union ); the protection of the non-aligned status of Ukraine; abolition of NATO exercises in Ukraine; asserting the Russian language status as an official language beside Ukrainian ; the annulment of former President Viktor Yushchenko 's decrees on awarding the title of Hero of Ukraine to Stepan Bandera and Roman Shukhevych . The Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine
494-503: The Indonesian invasion of East Timor . Russophiles are also found among the political left , who support Russia due to inaugural Indonesian president Sukarno 's closeness to the Soviet Union. Pro-Russian sentiment is especially strong among members of the governing Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle , led by Sukarno's daughter Megawati Sukarnoputri , who publicly criticized Ukraine and president Volodymyr Zelenskyy . According to
532-719: The Muslim world . Public animosity towards the West has resulted from the wars waged in Afghanistan and Iraq by the US and its allies, and their perceived neglectful treatment of the Palestinians in the territories occupied by Israel . Some Indonesians have positively compared support for Russian president Vladimir Putin in the Russo-Ukrainian War to support for former president Suharto in
570-685: The Orthodox faith . According to the European Council on Foreign Relations , 54% of Serbians see Russia as an ally. In comparison, 11% see the European Union as an ally, and only 6% see the United States in the same manner. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, People's Patrol , a far-right group, organized pro-Russian rallies in Belgrade , which were attended by 4,000 people. In 2017,
608-673: The Russian invasion of Ukraine , these numbers surged. A YouGov poll found nearly 62% of Republicans preferred Vladimir Putin over Joe Biden , noting that the former was a stronger leader than the latter. Many notable Republicans, including former President Donald Trump , television presenter Tucker Carlson , and incumbent Georgia Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene have all expressed admiration for Russia and its leaders. Favorable perceptions of Russia in Vietnam have 83% of Vietnamese people viewing Russia's influence positively in 2017. This stems from historic Soviet support of Vietnam during
646-475: The Vietnam War . [REDACTED] Media related to Russophiles at Wikimedia Commons Municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term municipality may also mean the governing body of a given municipality. A municipality
684-600: The legislative elections on 30 March 2002 , the party established the Nataliya Vitrenko Bloc alliance, including the Party of Educators of Ukraine ( Ukrainian : Партія Освітян України ). It won 3.22% of the votes, little short of passing the 4% threshold needed to enter the Verkhovna Rada . PSPU was a vocal opponent of President Leonid Kuchma but supported Viktor Yanukovych , Ukrainian prime minister since 2002, during
722-670: The state . Municipalities may have the right to tax individuals and corporations with income tax , property tax , and corporate income tax , but may also receive substantial funding from the state. In some European countries, such as Germany, municipalities have the constitutional right to supply public services through municipally-owned public utility companies . Terms cognate with "municipality", mostly referring to territory or political structure, are Spanish municipio (Spain) and municipalidad (Chile), Catalan municipi , Portuguese município . In many countries, terms cognate with "commune" are used, referring to
760-828: The 19th century, Russophilia was often linked to variants of pan-Slavism , since the Russian Empire and autonomous Serbia were the only two Slavic sovereign states during and after the Springtime of Nations . In politics the term has been used to describe politicians and political parties that support their nations having stronger or closer relations to Russia and/or support a number of Russia's domestic and foreign policies. Some Russophilic politicians may also support russification of their country (especially in former Soviet states or Soviet satellite states ) such as Alexander Lukashenko . The Armenian Revolutionary Federation , Republican Party of Armenia and Prosperous Armenia are
798-574: The 2004 elections. After the Orange Revolution of 2004, the party joined the opposition to new president Viktor Yushchenko in a coalition with the " Derzhava " (State) party led by former Ukrainian prosecutor Gennady Vasilyev. In the March 2006 parliamentary elections, the party again failed to gain any seats in Parliament, participating as People's Opposition Bloc of Natalia Vitrenko winning 2,93%. At
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#1732875624900836-551: The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine . A survey by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology in 2016 found that 67% of Ukrainians had a positive attitude to Russians, but that only 8% had a positive attitude to the Russian government. 41% of Ukrainians had a "good" attitude towards Russians (42% negatively), while in general 54% of Russians had a positive attitude towards Ukraine, according to an October 2021 poll of
874-561: The 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. According to a 2019 survey by the Pew Research Center , 71% of Russians have a favourable view of China. A YouGov survey conducted in the same year found that 71% of the Chinese think Russia has a positive effect on world affairs. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, many social media users in China showed sympathy for Russian narratives due in part to distrust of US foreign policy . According to
912-538: The PSPU was one of several political parties suspended by the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine , along with Derzhava , Left Opposition, Nashi , Opposition Bloc , Opposition Platform — For Life , Party of Shariy , Socialist Party of Ukraine , Union of Left Forces , and the Volodymyr Saldo Block. In June 2022 various court proceedings tried to ban
950-675: The Russophilic political party , the Party of Regions , became the largest party in the Verkhovna Rada in the 2006 Ukrainian parliamentary election , receiving 33% of the votes. It would remain a dominant force in Ukrainian politics, until the 2014 Revolution of Dignity . Following the 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine , the overall attitude of Ukrainians towards Russia and Russians has become much more negative, with most Ukrainians favoring NATO and European Union membership . Their views on Russia would further deteriorate following
988-533: The antithesis of that pitiable European petty-state politics and nervousness, with which the foundation of the German Reich has entered its crucial phase..." in his 1895 book The Antichrist . A poll conducted in summer 2022 shows that Indians most frequently named Russia their most trusted partner, with 43% naming Russia as such compared to 27% who named the US. Support for Russia remains high among Indonesians, owing to Moscow's perceived ties to Muslims and
1026-525: The community living in the area and the common interest. These include terms: The same terms "Gemeente" (Dutch) or "Gemeinde" (German) may be used for church congregations or parishes, for example, in the German and Dutch Protestant churches. In Greece, the word Δήμος ( demos ) is used, also meaning 'community'; the word is known in English from the compound democracy (rule of the people). In some countries,
1064-614: The connections to Russia after Ano Turtiainen was replaced by Antti Asikainen. The Finnish political activist Johan Bäckman is known for his pro-Russian views and he has recruited Finns to fight for Russia in the war with Ukraine. Bäckman later joined the VKK, led by Ano Turtiainen . Some members of the Finns Party also held pro-Russian views. German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche described Russia as "the only power that has durability in it, which can wait, which can still produce something...
1102-614: The country's population. According to an interview made by the Ukrainian "Rada" TV channel , former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Boris Johnson is a Russophile, admiring Russian language and culture, even after the Russian invasion of Ukraine . Many members of the Republican Party in the United States express positive views on Russia. A 2017 poll highlighted that around 32% of respondents had favorable views of Russian president Vladimir Putin . Following
1140-591: The inhabitants of the Serbian village of Adžinci renamed their village Putinovo , in honor of Vladimir Putin. Following Ukrainian independence in 1991, in the 1991 Ukrainian independence referendum 92% (including 55% of ethnic Russians ) voted for independence from Moscow, but some Ukrainians, mostly in the east and south of the country, voted to see a more Russophile attitude of the government , ranging from closer economic partnership to full national union. Russia and Ukraine had especially close economic ties, and
1178-495: The inhabitants) while permitting the communities to retain their own local governments (a limited autonomy). A municipality can be any political jurisdiction , from a sovereign state such as the Principality of Monaco , to a small village such as West Hampton Dunes, New York . The territory over which a municipality has jurisdiction may encompass: Powers of municipalities range from virtual autonomy to complete subordination to
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1216-798: The main Pro-Russian political parties in Armenia . Belarus has close political and economic ties with Russia, both being part of the Union State , the Collective Security Treaty Organization , the Commonwealth of Independent States , and the Eurasian Economic Union , due to their shared Soviet heritage. Following the 2020-2021 Belarusian protests and the Russian invasion of Ukraine , many observers have described Belarus as
1254-425: The means of production and an economy based on social justice, described as the elimination of unemployment and the distribution of material goods to their direct creators. The party also calls for "a society in which the free development of each is a condition for the free development of all, committing itself to establishing workers' democracy in enterprises, guaranteeing state ownership of basic industries and halting
1292-496: The only "true Marxist" party in Ukraine and campaigns on a strongly nostalgic, anti-Western platform. It accuses the IMF of colonizing Ukraine and argues for expulsion of all western advisers from Ukraine. The party's ideological discourse is strongly anti-capitalism, anti-market and also anti-NATO. PSPU considers the economic transformation of Ukraine into a capitalist economy to be a social regression. The party calls for state ownership of
1330-465: The parties suspended on 20 March 2022. The Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine was one of two parties that actively opposed its banning. (The other party was Opposition Platform — For Life .) On 27 September 2022, the final appeal against the party's ban was dismissed by the Supreme Court of Ukraine , meaning that the party was fully banned in Ukraine. The party favored Ukraine's full-scale entry in
1368-572: The privatisation process and halting the decline of kolkhozes and sovkhozes". The party has close ties with the Eurasian Youth Union and its leader Aleksandr Dugin . Russophilia Russophilia is the admiration and fondness of Russia (including the era of the Soviet Union and/or the Russian Empire ), Russian history , and Russian culture . The antonym is Russophobia . In
1406-462: Was created by Nataliya Vitrenko , a then dissident member of the Socialist Party of Ukraine (SPU) in April 1996. She led a group of more radical SPU members who opposed what they regarded as revisionist tendencies in the Socialist Party. In October 1995 they had left that party. The Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine is a party that supports the Eurasian Economic Union as an alternative to
1444-609: Was described to have a "clearly leftist" platform. Its campaign slogan was "We shall build a Soviet and Socialist Ukraine!". The party was considered Russophile, and campaigned for a "strategic partnership" of Ukraine with Russia and Belarus, while strongly rejecting the prospect of cooperating with either the European Union or NATO. The party was least popular in Western regions, but it had considerable support in South Ukraine. The party
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