Nasielsk [ˈnaɕɛlsk] is a small town in Masovian Voivodeship , Poland . It is located approximately 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of the Polish capital Warsaw , on the Warsaw- Gdańsk rail line and serves as a railway junction. In 2020, the population of the town was estimated at 7,650 residents.
24-554: An early Lechitic (proto-Polish) fortified settlement was built in the 9th century, and the region became part of the emerging Polish state in the 10th century. Nasielsk was first mentioned as Nosidlsk in 1065, in the so-called Mogilno Falsification of King Boleslaus II the Generous for the Benedictine Abbey at Mogilno . As the document states, the gord of Nosidlsk was an important center of defence, trade and administration. In
48-674: Is variously considered a Polish dialect or a language in its own right, is also part of this group. The Sorbian languages of the southern part of the Polabian area, preserved as relics today in Upper and Lower Lusatia , occupy a place between the Lechitic and Czech-Slovak groups. The name Lech or Leszek , Lestko, Leszko, Lestek, and Lechosław is a very popular name in Poland. Lech was a popular male name among members of Piast dynasty like Lestko , Leszek I
72-613: The Czech Lands ) and Rus went to the East (to create Rus' ). A variant of this legend, involving only two brothers Lech and Čech, was first written down by Cosmas of Prague of Bohemia . The legend was described by Kronika wielkopolska ("Greater Poland Chronicle"), written in 1273 in Latin, and Chronicle of Dalimil , written in Czech in 1314. Nasielsk Synagogue The Nasielsk Synagogue
96-597: The Lechitic tribes ( Polish : Plemiona lechickie , German : Lechitische Stämme ), is a name given to certain West Slavic tribes who inhabited modern-day Poland and eastern Germany, and were speakers of the Lechitic languages . Distinct from the Czech–Slovak subgroup , they are the closest ancestors of ethnic Poles and of Pomeranians , Lusatians and Polabians . According to Polish legend, Mieszko I inherited
120-610: The Lendians . Wincenty Kadłubek in Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae (Chronicles of the Kings and Princes of Poland), written between 1190 and 1208, used the names Lechitae (Lechites), lechiticus (lechitic) and Lechia many times to describe all of medieval Poland. Chronicle of Greater Poland 1273 described Casimir I the Restorer as "king of Poles means Lechites". Both
144-541: The Ottoman Turkish ). In Polish literature Lech was also the name of the legendary founder of Poland. The legend describes three brothers, Lech, Čech, and Rus – who founded three Slavic nations: Poland (also known as Lechia ), Bohemia ( Čechy , now known as the Czech Republic ), and Rus ( Ruthenia ). In this legend Lech was the founder of Gniezno . Three brothers Lech, Czech and Rus were exploring
168-520: The Czerwinsk Abbey. By the late 13th century, Nasielsk emerged as the seat of a castellany . The first document that confirms this fact was issued in 1297, with the notice of "comes Thomas castellanus de Nosylk”. On November 11, 1386, Janusz I of Warsaw granted the remaining part of the town of Nasielsk (civitas Nostra Nosielsko) to the knight Jakusz of Radzanow ( Prawdzic coat of arms ). Jakusz, who came to be known as Jakusz Bialy of Nasielsk, became
192-753: The Germans operated a forced labour camp in the town. The first official inventory of important buildings in Poland, A General View of the Nature of Ancient Monuments in the Kingdom of Poland, led by Kazimierz Stronczynski from 1844–55, describes the Nasielsk Synagogue as one of Poland's architecturally notable buildings. In 2009, Glenn Kurtz stumbled upon a home video shot by his family that included three minutes of footage in Nasielsk shot in 1938. Kurtz set out to restore
216-471: The Nasielsk Synagogue as one of Poland's architecturally notable buildings. The main hall of the synagogue was square. There were wings on each side that served as women's prayer areas . A women's prayer balcony was added above the vestibule in 1857. The synagogue had a two-tiered roof with dormer windows . The ceiling is thought to have been vaulted. The exterior featured a second story balcony and
240-574: The White , Leszek II the Black , Leszek, Duke of Masovia , Leszek of Racibórz . The oldest part of Gniezno , in the center of Great Poland , is known as Wzgórze Lecha ("Lech's Hill") as well as Góra Królewska ("Royal Hill"). Lestko (also Lestek, Leszek), mentioned in the Gesta principum Polonorum , completed between 1112 and 1118 by Gallus Anonymus , was the second legendary duke of Poland and
264-506: The castellan of Nasielsk, and the town remained the property of his family until 1647. The coat of arms of Nasielsk is based on the Prawdzic symbol. The town with its wooden church of Saint Adalbert of Prague burned down in 1440, and five years later a new brick church was erected. Nasielsk for centuries remained in the private hands of the Nosielski and Wessel families. In the mid-18th century,
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#1732902239729288-647: The ducal throne from his father who probably ruled over two-thirds of the territory inhabited by eastern Lechite tribes. He united the Lechites east of the Oder ( Polans , Masovians , Pomeranians , Vistulans , Silesians ) into a single country of Poland . His son, Bolesław I the Brave , founded the bishoprics at Wrocław , Kołobrzeg , and Kraków , and an archbishopric at Gniezno . Bolesław carried out successful wars against Bohemia , Moravia , Kievan Rus' and Lusatia , and forced
312-510: The film and find the people in it. The book based on this journey is titled Three Minutes in Poland: Discovering a Lost World in a 1938 Family Film . In 2022, Bianca Stigter’s debut documentary Three Minutes: A Lengthening based on the book was released. It includes the three minute restored footage, with narration by Helena Bonham Carter . The local football club is Żbik Nasielsk, with both men and women teams. Both teams compete in
336-537: The first synagogue was built, and in 1795, following the Third Partition of Poland , Nasielsk was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia , where it remained until 1807, when it became part of Napoleon 's short-lived Duchy of Warsaw , and afterwards it was incorporated into Russian-controlled Congress Poland in 1815. Until 1866, Nasielsk was a private town . In 1877, a rail line from Warsaw to Gdańsk via Nasielsk
360-665: The lower leagues. The officially protected traditional food produced in Nasielsk is local cold pressed linseed oil (as designated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland ). The tradition of oil production in Nasielsk and its surroundings dates back hundreds of years. The oldest mention of an oil mill in the present-day district of Nowa Wieś comes from 1474. T. O. Morrow (real name Tomek Ovadya Morah), DC Comics supervillain Lechites Lechites ( Polish : Lechici , German : Lechiten ), also known as
384-872: The names "Poles" and "Lechites" were used in medieval Poland as adequate terms. "Laesir is the Old Norse term for the Ljachar, a people near the Vistula in Poland". Different forms of the name Lechia to designate the Polish state persist in several European languages and in some languages of Central Asia and the Middle East : "Lehia" in Romanian , "Lahestân/لهستان" in Persian (and via borrowing from Persian: "Lehastan" in Armenian , and "Lehistan" in
408-493: The past, the name of the town was spelled in different forms: Nasilzco, Nosidlsk, Nosylsk, Nosydlsk, Nosielsk, Nosselia, Nosidlsko, Nasidlsko, Nosilsko, Nasilsko, Nasylsco. In 1155, a document issued for Duke Boleslaus IV the Curly confirmed the existence of the gord at Nasielsk, stating that Nowa Wies near Nasielsk was granted to the abbey of Czerwińsk nad Wisłą . In 1257, Duke of Siemowit I of Masovia granted one-third of Nasielsk to
432-452: The son of Siemowit , born ca. 870–880. The Res gestae saxonicae sive annalium libri tres chronicle of 10th-century Germany , written by Widukind of Corvey , noted that Mieszko I (son of Siemomysł and grandchild of Lestek), ruled over the tribe called the Licicaviki , who lived in what is now Poland and were known as "Lestkowici" - the tribe of Lestek identified by the historians with
456-516: The town was occupied by Germany until 1945, and the population was subjected to repressions. In December 1939, the Jews of Nasielsk were expelled to other towns and cities where they fell victim to various atrocities and the Holocaust . In April 1940, the Germans arrested the pre-war Polish mayor Feliks Rostkowski, and imprisoned him in a concentration camp; however, he survived and returned to Nasielsk after
480-626: The war. In December 1940, the Germans expelled around 1,000 Poles from the town. Expelled Poles were held in a camp in Działdowo for two weeks, where they were stripped of valuables, and then deported in freight trains to the Radom District of the General Government , while their houses and workshops were handed over to German colonists as part of the Lebensraum policy. From 1941 to 1943,
504-407: The western Pomeranians to pay Poland a tribute. Shortly before his death Bolesław became the first King of Poland in 1025. The West Slavs included the ancestors of the peoples known later as Poles , Pomeranians , Czechs , Slovaks , Sorbs and Polabians . The northern so-called Lechitic group includes, along with Polish, endangered Pomeranian and Polabian , a dead language; Silesian , which
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#1732902239729528-466: The wilderness to find a place to settle. Suddenly they saw a hill with an old oak and an eagle on top. Lech said: this white eagle I will adopt as an emblem of my people, and around this oak I will build my stronghold, and because of the eagle nest (Polish: gniazdo ) I will call it Gniezdno (modern: Gniezno ). The other brothers went further on to find a place for their people. Czech went to the South (to found
552-471: Was a notable vernacular wooden synagogue in Nasielsk , Poland . It was built in the late 17th century or early 18th century by Simcha Weiss, son of Shlomo of Luck. The deteriorating synagogue was demolished in 1880. The first official inventory of important buildings in Poland, A General View of the Nature of Ancient Monuments in the Kingdom of Poland, led by Kazimierz Stronczynski from 1844–55, describes
576-611: Was completed. In 1918, Nasielsk returned to Poland, as the country regained independence. During the Polish-Soviet War , in August 1920, Polish forces won the Battle of Nasielsk against the advancing Red Army . In 1924, the town became a rail junction after completion of a line to Toruń . Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland , which started World War II in September 1939,
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