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28-469: Namhkam is the name of several towns in Myanmar (Burma): Namhkam, Shan State Namhkam, Hkamti , Sagaing Region Namkham, Homalin , Sagaing Region [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

56-682: A border dispute in the area of Namhkam and Muse since 2014. On 6 November 2023, the Namkham police station was captured by Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) fighters, bringing the city under the limited control of the Brotherhood Alliance during the ongoing civil war . Anti-junta forces took full control of the town and surrounding township on 18 December 2023. As of 2017, there are two high schools, three middle schools, 100 primary schools and one monastic school in Namhkam. Cultivation of

84-661: A damning report the following year. In November 2006, the International Labour Organization (ILO) announced it was to seek at the International Criminal Court "to prosecute members of the ruling Myanmar junta for crimes against humanity" over the allegations of forced labour of its citizens by the military. According to the ILO, an estimated 800,000 people are subject to forced labour in Burma. Even before

112-511: Is imposed mainly by the military, for portering (that is, carrying of provisions to remote bases, or on military operations), road construction, camp construction and repair, and for a range of other tasks. In March 1997, the European Union withdrew Burma's trade privileges because of the prevalence of forced labour and other abuses. The same year, the ILO established a Commission of Inquiry to look into allegations of forced labour, coming up with

140-603: The 8888 Uprising . On the day it seized power SLORC issued Order No.1/1988 stating that the Armed Forces had taken over power and announced the formation of the SLORC. With Order No. 2/1988, the SLORC abolished all organs of state power that were formed under the 1974 Burmese constitution. The Pyithu Hluttaw (the legislature under the 1974 Constitution), the Council of Ministers (the Cabinet),

168-801: The British colonial administration in Burma built a road between this frontier town and Bhamo by the Ayeyarwady River in Kachin State for a distance of 56 miles (90 km). The road was intended to be used by Chinese muleteers for the benefit of border trade . During the Second World War , the Allies built the Ledo Road , stretching from Ledo in Assam , India to Kunming , China, across northern Burma. By

196-466: The Irrawaddy Delta . The authorities emptied some public buildings and schools to use as polling stations for the 24 May referendum on a new constitution, despite pleas from United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to postpone the referendum and focus their resources on humanitarian relief . The SPDC was alleged to have evicted people from dozens of government-operated tented relief camps in

224-576: The Union Solidarity and Development Association which was replaced by Union Solidarity and Development Party on 29 March 2010 in time for the elections. Although the regime retreated from the totalitarian Burmese Way to Socialism of the BSPP when it took power in 1988, the regime was widely accused of human rights abuses . It rejected the 1990 election results and kept Aung San Suu Kyi under house arrest until her release on 13 November 2010. The way

252-600: The opium poppy in the area during British rule caused considerable deforestation , noted in 1920 east of a line from Lashio to Namhkam. A 2005 survey by the Shan State Peace Council recorded 1,800 drug addicts in Namhkam alone. Community -run rehabilitation centers were set up to tackle the rising problem of addiction. The first of these facilities were constructed in 1998, but were declared illegal and forced to close down in 2000 by authorities . Buddhist monks and teachers in Namhkam are also involved in

280-580: The 19 September 1988 issue of The Working People's Daily . The first Chairman of SLORC was General Saw Maung , later Senior General , who was also the Prime Minister. He was removed as both Chairman of SLORC and Prime Minister on 23 April 1992 when General Than Shwe , later Senior General , took over both posts from him. On 15 November 1997, SLORC was abolished and reconstituted as the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC). Most, but not all members of

308-532: The 1974 Burmese Constitution the Council of Ministers acted as a Cabinet but since the Deputy Ministers were not considered to be formally part of the Council of Ministers, the SLORC made sure that the Deputy Ministers – together with the Ministers' – services in the previous BSPP government from whom it had taken over power were also terminated.) The Orders that SLORC issued on the day of its takeover can be seen in

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336-714: The Child Soldiers Global Report 2008 and Amnesty International . The UN Secretary-General named the SPDC in four consecutive reports for violating international standards prohibiting the recruitment and use of child soldiers. Human Rights Watch reported that since Cyclone Nargis in May 2008, the Burmese authorities expelled hundreds, if not thousands, of displaced persons from schools, monasteries, and public buildings, and encouraged them to return to their destroyed villages in

364-673: The Council of People's Justices (the Judiciary ), the Council of People's Attorneys (the Attorney-General Office), the Council of People's Inspectors (the Auditor -General Office), as well as the State/Region, Township, Ward/Village People's Councils were abolished. The SLORC also stated that the services of the Deputy Ministers in the previous Burma Socialist Programme Party ( BSPP ) government which it replaced were also terminated. (Under

392-539: The SPDC, the Burmese army engaged in military offensives against ethnic minority populations, committing acts that violated international humanitarian law . It has been alleged that the SPDC forcibly recruited children – some as young as 10 – to serve in its army, the Tatmadaw . It is difficult to estimate the number of child soldiers used to serve in the Burmese army, but there were thousands, according to Human Rights Watch

420-541: The UN Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, the Burmese government was urged to ensure the right of "internally displaced persons to return voluntarily, in safety and with dignity, to their homes or places of habitual residence, or to resettle voluntarily in another part of the country." According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), despite the new quasi-civilian government taking power in Burma, forced labour continues to be widespread in Burma. It

448-721: The abolished SLORC, were in the SPDC military regime. Ordered by protocol: Western non-governmental organisations, such as the Burma Campaign UK , the US Campaign for Burma , Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have made a variety of serious accusations against the SPDC. Reports by these organisations as well as the United Nations and the Karen Human Rights Group alleged gross human rights abuses that took place in Burma under their regime, including: One of

476-640: The amelioration of the HIV/AIDS issue amongst drug users . Hsinshweli high yield hybrid rice cultivation has been promoted in recent years by authorities in the region. The results were disaterous for Shan farmers and left many of them in destitute. Myanmar and China signed a contract in August 2003 for the construction of the hydroelectric Shweli I Dam on the Shweli River near Namhkam, aiming to supply electricity to Kyaukme , Hsipaw , Lashio and Namtu . It

504-552: The capital of Rangoon (now Yangon ). The new regional military commanders were not included in the membership of the SPDC. The SPDC consisted of eleven senior military officers. The members of the junta wielded a great deal more power than the cabinet ministers , who were either more-junior military officers or civilians. The exception was the Defence Ministry portfolio, which was in the hands of junta leader Senior General Than Shwe himself. On 15 September 1993, it established

532-633: The council. SLORC succeeded the Pyithu Hluttaw as a legislature and the Council of State as a ruling council, after dissolving the state organs of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma . In 1997, SLORC was abolished and reconstituted as the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC). The powerful regional military commanders, who were members of SLORC, were promoted to new positions and transferred to

560-493: The crackdown. Mass round-ups occurred during the crackdown itself, and the authorities continued to arrest protesters and supporters throughout 2007. Between 3,000 and 4,000 political prisoners were detained, including children and pregnant women, 700 of whom were believed still in detention at year's end. At least 20 were charged and sentenced under anti-terrorism legislation in proceedings which did not meet international fair trial standards. Detainees and defendants were denied

588-482: The end of 1944, the road stretched 439 miles (707 km) to Namhkam, linking up with the old Burma Road at Bhamo. In 2005, the Shan State Army - South attempted to fill a power vacuum in Namhkam left by the 1989 ceasefire agreement between their counterparts in the north and the Burmese military , but their attempt was promptly thwarted. The governments of Myanmar and China have been working to resolve

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616-600: The junta handled Cyclone Nargis was also internationally criticised. The council was officially dissolved on 30 March 2011, with the inauguration of the newly elected government , led by its former member and Prime Minister, President Thein Sein . The State Law and Order Restoration Council was formed when the Burmese Armed Forces , commanded by General Saw Maung (later self-promoted to Senior General Saw Maung, died July 1997), seized power on 18 September 1988 crushing

644-405: The large-scale demonstrations began in August 2007, the authorities arrested many well-known opponents of the government on political grounds, several of whom had only been released from prison several months earlier. Before the 25–29 September crackdown, more arrests of members of the opposition party National League for Democracy (NLD) took place, which critics say was a pre-emptive measure before

672-464: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Namhkam&oldid=933009690 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Namhkam, Shan State The region surrounding Namhkam originally belonged to China , but from 1894 to 1897,

700-483: The vicinity of the former capital Yangon , ordering the residents to return to their homes, regardless of the conditions they face. The forced evictions were part of government efforts to demonstrate that the emergency relief period was over and that the affected population were capable of rebuilding their lives without foreign aid . People who were forced from their homes by Cyclone Nargis are considered to be internally displaced persons under international law. Under

728-402: The worst atrocities in Burma took place during the uprising of August 1988 , when millions of Burmese marched throughout the country calling for an end to military rule. Soldiers shot hundreds of protesters and killed an estimated 3,000 people in the following weeks. During the August and September demonstrations of 2007 , at least 184 protesters were shot and killed and many were tortured. Under

756-804: Was completed in 2009 and has a 600 MW installed capacity. Burmese American Dr. Gordon Seagrave , famously known as the "Burma Surgeon", ran the American missionary hospital overlooking Namhkam. He was believed to have had military intelligence duties as well as medical ones, and he later wrote articles on his experience in Namhkam. 23°50′00″N 97°41′00″E  /  23.83333°N 97.68333°E  / 23.83333; 97.68333 State Peace and Development Council The State Peace and Development Council ( Burmese : နိုင်ငံတော် အေးချမ်းသာယာရေး နှင့် ဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေး ကောင်စီ [nàɪɰ̃ŋàɰ̃dɔ̀ ʔédʑáɰ̃θàjajé n̥ḭɰ̃ pʰʊ̰ɰ̃bjó jé kaʊ̀ɰ̃sì] ; abbreviated SPDC or နအဖ , [na̰ʔa̰pʰa̰] )

784-458: Was the official name of the military government of Burma ( Myanmar ) which, in 1997, succeeded the State Law and Order Restoration Council (Burmese: နိုင်ငံတော် ငြိမ်ဝပ်ပိပြားမှု တည်ဆောက်ရေးအဖွဲ့ ; abbreviated SLORC or နဝတ ) that had seized power under the rule of Saw Maung in 1988. On 30 March 2011, Senior General and Council Chairman Than Shwe signed a decree that officially dissolved

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