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27-696: The NSW Environment Protection Authority (EPA) is an independent statutory authority that sits in the Environment portfolio as part of the Planning and Environment cluster. It was established as an independent governing board in February 2012 separate from the Office of Environment & Heritage . The EPA is the state’s primary environmental regulator, working with businesses, government, community and environment groups to manage and reduce pollution, waste and adverse impacts on

54-424: A body corporate . '. A statutory authority is a generic term for an authorisation by Parliament given to a person or group of people to exercise specific powers. A statutory authority can be established as a corporate Commonwealth entity or a non-corporate Commonwealth entity. A statutory authority may also be a body within a Commonwealth entity, exercising the powers given by Parliament but administratively part of

81-493: A transit district or special purpose corporations such as a university , are also created by statute. In some states, a city or county can be created by petition of a certain number or percentage of voters or landholders of the affected area, which then causes a municipal corporation to be chartered as a result of compliance with the appropriate law. Corporations to be established for most other purposes are usually just incorporated as any other non-profit corporation , by filing

108-636: A "statutory body that is a body corporate, including an entity created under section 87 of the PGPA Act" (i.e. a statutory authority may also be a statutory corporation). An earlier definition describes a statutory corporation as "a statutory authority that is a body corporate", and the New South Wales Government 's Land Registry Services defines a state-owned corporation as "a statutory authority that has corporate status". Current statutory corporations include Australia Post , Airservices Australia ,

135-526: A profit without one). Such bodies do not have shareholders , but are typically boards appointed by a sponsor minister. The provisions of the Companies' Acts do not typically directly apply to such bodies, although their founding legislation may specify similar requirements. The statutory corporation format was usually the form most state-sponsored bodies of the Republic of Ireland took until recent years; however,

162-560: A state-owned corporation as "a statutory authority that has corporate status". Statutory authorities at the State or Territory level are established under corresponding State or Territory laws. Each statutory authority tends to have its own enabling legislation, or originating act , even if it was established before the relevant over-riding legislation. For example, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)

189-555: Is a Kassenärztliche Vereinigung , a body involved in the provision of out-patient medical services in a German state. Other examples include public broadcasters, Jewish communities and Christian churches established in Germany and some public transport providers (depending on jurisdiction). In Hong Kong, some corporations are incorporated by legislation. An example is the Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation , which owns

216-493: Is a body corporate created by the legislature with defined powers and functions and is financially independent with a clear control over a specified area or a particular type of commercial activity. It is a corporate person and has the capacity of acting in its own name. Statutory corporations therefore have the power of the government and the considerable amount of operating flexibility of private enterprises. A few are: Features: Which define its objectives, power and duties. It

243-719: Is authorised to implement certain legislation on behalf of the relevant country or state, sometimes by being empowered or delegated to set rules (for example regulations or statutory instruments ) in their field. They are typically found in countries which are governed by a British style of parliamentary democracy such as the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth countries like Australia , Canada , India and New Zealand . They are also found in Israel and elsewhere. Statutory authorities may also be statutory corporations , if created as

270-606: Is created by a special law Of parliament. It may be established by the central government are also known as National corporations. In the Republic of Ireland , a statutory corporation is a body corporate, which is created under a particular Act of the Oireachtas . Some statutory corporations are expected to operate as if they were a commercial company (with or without a subsidy from the Exchequer , depending on whether or not it would make

297-464: Is not used to describe a company which operates as a conventional shareholder-owned company registered under the Companies Acts. A public body can have a variety of forms and is not inevitably a statutory corporation, nor is a statutory corporation necessarily a public body. At the state level, municipal corporations and counties are often created by legislative acts. Some organizations such as

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324-654: The Australian Rail Track Corporation and the Australian Egg Corporation . The purpose of their separation from normal government operations is to ensure profitability, and in theory, independence of decision making from the state or national government (to ensure that decisions are made on a commercial basis with less or no political interference.) As statutory corporations, their regulatory and business conditions may be significantly different from private-sector companies. A significant number of

351-837: The Ffestiniog Railway , the Talyllyn Railway , the National Coal Board , Post Office Corporation and Transport for London . Other examples include the county councils , the National Assembly for Wales , the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), Channel Four Television Corporation , and the Olympic Delivery Authority . Statutory corporations are widely used in education: Sixth Form College Corporations and Further Education Corporations,

378-776: The Food Safety Authority of Ireland . In the Netherlands , the term "public body" is the general denomination for administrative divisions within the Dutch state or certain other types of governmental organisations. In the United Kingdom , a statutory corporation is a corporate body created by statute . It typically has no shareholders and its powers are defined by the Act of Parliament which creates it, and may be modified by later legislation. Such bodies have often been created to provide public services, examples including British Railways ,

405-799: The Department of Environment and Conservation. Following a significant pollution incident at Kooragang Island in Newcastle in August 2011, an independent review recommended that an EPA be re-formed as an independent agency. The agency was subsequently re-established in February 2012 as a statutory authority with an independent governing board. The EPA has offices in Albury , Armidale , Bathurst , Broken Hill , Coffs Harbour , Dubbo , Grafton , Griffith , Kempsey , Newcastle , Parramatta , Queanbeyan , Sydney and Wollongong . The EPA regulates activities that can impact

432-507: The EPA. The object of the Act is to achieve the protection, restoration and enhancement of the quality of the NSW environment. The Act repealed and consolidated a number of existing Acts to rationalise, simplify and strengthen the regulatory framework for environmental protection in NSW. Statutory authority A statutory body or statutory authority is a body set up by law ( statute ) that

459-465: The authority) and a number. Just as with laws enacted by Parliament, all laws made by a statutory authority must be published in the Government Gazette. The Parliament of Australia , or a State or Territory Parliament , will delegate its authority to a statutory authority for several reasons; The power to enact legislation has been delegated by Australian Parliaments (State and/or Federal) in

486-430: The entity." A statutory corporation is defined in the government glossary as a "statutory body that is a body corporate, including an entity created under section 87 of the PGPA Act" (i.e. a statutory authority may be a statutory corporation). An earlier definition describes a statutory corporation as "a statutory authority that is a body corporate", and the New South Wales Government 's Land Registry Services defines

513-528: The environment and human health, including: The EPA Strategic Plan 2017–21 lists the criteria against which the EPA must perform. The Environment Protection Authority has responsibilities and powers under a range of NSW environmental legislation. The Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 (POEO Act) Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 (POEO Act) is the key piece of environment protection legislation administered by

540-593: The environment. The EPA’s vision is a "Healthy Environment, Healthy Community and Healthy Business". The vision goes to the heart of the objectives under the Protection of the Environment Administration Act 1991 (POEA Act): The EPA was established originally in 1991 as an independent agency under the Protection of the Environment Administration Act . Between 2003 and 2012, the EPA was incorporated into

567-486: The following areas; Statutory corporation Bodies described in the English language as "statutory corporations" exist in the following countries in accordance with the associated descriptions (where provided). In Australia , statutory corporations are a type of statutory authority created by Acts of state or federal parliaments. A statutory corporation is defined in the federal Department of Finance 's glossary as

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594-528: The legal form of Sixth Form Colleges and Further Education Colleges , as well as Higher Education Corporations, the legal form of most post-1992 universities , are all statutory corporations created under the Education Reform Act 1988 and the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 ; a small number of older universities are also statutory corporations created under specific acts of parliament. The phrase

621-660: The paperwork with the appropriate agency as part of the formation of the entity. At the Federal level, a small number of corporations are created by Congress . Prior to the District of Columbia being granted the ability to issue corporate charters in the late 19th century, corporations operating in the District required a congressional charter . With limited exceptions, most corporations created by Congress are not federally chartered, but are simply created as District of Columbia corporations as

648-677: The railway network and was previously also an operator. The MTR Corporation Limited was also such a company, then named as Mass Transit Railway Corporation. Other examples include the Ocean Park Corporation , and the former Industrial Estates Corporation and Land Development Corporation . Statutory corporations are government establishments brought into existence by a Special Act of the Parliament. The Act defines its powers and functions, rules and regulations governing its employees and its relationship with government departments. This

675-468: The statutory corporations are private commercial operations, a number of which have been privatised, in part or in whole, since the 1980s: these have included the national airline Qantas , Telstra (also previously known as Telecom Australia) and the Commonwealth Bank . A statutory corporation in Germany is called a Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts (KdöR). An example of a statutory corporation

702-497: The usual policy today is that a private limited company by shares or public limited company incorporated under the Companies' Acts is set up instead, with the relevant minister holding 100% of the issued share capital. Nonetheless, as of 2007 several prominent statutory corporations continue to exist, such as Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ), the Electricity Supply Board (ESB), Bord Gáis Éireann , An Bord Pleanála ,

729-533: Was established in 1949 by the Science and Industry Research Act , but it has since come under the jurisdiction of the Commonwealth Authorities and Companies Act 1997 as legislation covering statutory authorities has evolved. Laws made by statutory authorities are usually referred to as regulations. They are not cited in the same fashion as an act of parliament, but usually with specific initials (depending on

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