53-687: Museum Station may refer to: Museum railway station , an underground commuter rail station in Sydney, Australia Museum station (Toronto) , a station on the Toronto subway in Ontario, Canada Melbourne Central railway station , called Museum 1981–1995 See also [ edit ] British Museum tube station , a disused station on the London Underground Gimhae National Museum station ,
106-693: A Busan Metro station in Gimhae city, South Korea Muzeum (Prague Metro) , a station on the Prague metro Muzium Negara MRT station , an underground Mass Rapid Transit station in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Science Museum station , a station on the Shenzhen Metro, China Southwest Museum station , a light rail station in the Los Angeles County Metro Rail system [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
159-480: A high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales. Aesthetic value includes aspects of sensory perception including consideration of the form, scale, colour, texture and material of the fabric. The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons. Social value embraces the qualities for which
212-440: A large extent underlines all of the terms set out. A place may have historic value because it has influenced or has been influenced by a historic figure, event, phase or activity. It may also have historic value as the site of an important event. Significance is greater when associated evidence survives in-situ or when the settings are substantially intact. The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or
265-457: A loop line through stations at King Cross, Paddington , Edgecliff , Bondi , Waverley , Coogee , Waterloo to Erskineville , a western loop to a Balmain station via a bridge from Millers Point to Darling Street , through stations at Rozelle , Leichhardt and Annandale to Stanmore and a branch line through Drummoyne , Five Dock , Gladesville to Ryde – all costing around £ 18,000,000 excluding land resumptions. St James station
318-399: A place has become a focus of political, national, regional, local or other cultural sentiment to a majority or minority group. The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales. The scientific or research value of a place depends on the data involved, its rarity, quality or representativeness, and on
371-445: A shadow of those in earlier years. In the 1960s an outdoor café was constructed behind (north-east) of Museum Station entry building, by Sydney City Council. Design of the café and landscaping were the work of Ilmars Berzins, SCC landscape architect. Although affected by reduced maintenance spending and unsympathetic additions, both stations have retained much of their original detailing and character. Designed by John Bradfield in
424-414: Is a fine and largely intact example of a small-scale Inter-War Stripped Classical style building which adds to the general character of the immediate area. It has significance as one of two buildings of its type and style remaining in the city (the other being St James). The combination of the entry portals, pedestrian subways and decorative interiors including light fittings, tiling and signage contribute to
477-639: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Museum railway station Museum railway station is a heritage-listed underground commuter rail station that is located on the City Circle route at the southern end of Hyde Park in the Sydney central business district of New South Wales , Australia. The station is served by Sydney Trains ' T2 Leppington & Inner West Line , T3 Liverpool & Inner West Line and T8 Airport & South Line . The station
530-585: Is named after the nearby Australian Museum . It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999. Railway development in Sydney began with the opening of the Sydney to Parramatta line in 1850. The terminus in Devonshire Street was, however, a considerable distance from most of the city's shops and workplaces located to the north. Disembarked railway passengers were required to either walk or be conveyed to
583-666: Is recognised as one of approximately twenty of the greatest railway civil engineers in the first century of world railway construction. Whitton was survived by his wife, one son and two daughters, he died of cardiac disease on 20 February 1898 at Mittagong , and was buried in the cemetery of St Thomas' Anglican Church, North Sydney . His estate was valued for probate at £10,396. Whitton's works in both New South Wales and Victoria are extensive and include railway stations, railway bridges, viaducts, railway yards, and other infrastructure where he has designed projects and/or they have completed under supervision. 25 items of his work are listed on
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#1733085840814636-567: The City Circle loop on 22 January 1956. The main entrance to the station is located at the corner of Elizabeth and Liverpool Streets. Another entrance featuring a sandstone façade is located on the corner of Liverpool and Castlereagh Streets. This entrance sits at the foot of the District Court of New South Wales ' Downing Centre , formerly the site of the Mark Foy's department store . Other entrances are also located on three corners of
689-514: The Inter-War Stripped Classical architectural style, the station comprises two platforms, each 158.5 metres (520 ft) long by 3.8 metres (12 ft) wide, under an arch with span 14.6 metres (48 ft). Museum's signage and cream tiling with maroon highlights are reminiscent of a typical London Underground tube station of the era, however its layout of central tracks under a grand arch are more in keeping with older stations of
742-596: The Main Northern line over the Parramatta River also bear his name. The bridge at Meadowbank stands next to an earlier iron lattice railway bridge that was constructed under his direction. A memorial dedicated to Whitton is located on the Lapstone Zig Zag walking trail and commemorates his substantial seven-span, sandstone Lapstone Knapsack Viaduct . A plaque bearing his contribution to New South Wales Railways
795-782: The NSW Heritage Register as significant under the Heritage Act, 1977 (NSW). An additional 37 other works are listed as significant in various local government areas. The town of Whitton in Leeton Shire , where the Hay extension of the Great Southern Line reached in 1881, is named in honour. Whitton Park in Glenbrook and the May 1980 built John Whitton Bridge that carries
848-630: The Paris Métro . Until the construction of the Airport Line in the 1990s, it was the only underground station in Sydney without an island platform. It is a companion to St James station , both opened at the same time and use a roundel design on their station signage that is similar to the one used on the London Underground. The station opened on 20 December 1926 with the opening of the eastern city line from Central to St James. It became part of
901-423: The "stripped-classical" style. Entry points led passengers through tiled subway passages to concourse areas. After several years of construction, newspapers finally heralded the opening of Australia's first underground electric railway on 20 December 1926 when the new line section of Central station, and Museum and St James stations were connected by trains. The railway attracted tens of thousands of people during
954-657: The Chief Engineer of Metropolitan Railway Construction, John Bradfield , after studying the city railways of Europe and North America, submitted his "Report on the Proposed Electric Railways for the City of Sydney". Bradfield's farsighted plan proposed an electric underground city railway loop, viaduct crossings and tunnels out of the city, a Harbour Bridge Crossing and connections from the city network to two lines progressing north to Hornsby and to Narrabeen / Pittwater ,
1007-679: The Colony with 23 miles (37 km) of 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ( 1,435 mm ) standard gauge railway, four locomotives, 12 passenger carriages and 40 trucks. An advocate of the 5 ft 3 in ( 1,600 mm ) broad gauge adopted by the South Australian and Victorian Railways , Whitton set about extending the railway into the city and resisted pushes for 4,000 miles (6,400 km) of cheaper, light tramways, such as horse-drawn lines with wooden rails, proposed by Governor William Denison . Whitton strongly opposed
1060-550: The European "tube" style tradition. It was decided to rename the station after the nearby Australian Museum before construction was complete. St James station was constructed from concrete with four platforms and four tunnels, only two of which have been used to date. The other two tunnels were intended for a link from Gladesville to the Eastern line which has not eventuated. Central walls with archway openings divide platforms and support
1113-637: The adoption of a proposal by the Chief Railway Commissioner, Mr Eddy, for a line along the eastern city edge to a terminus in Hyde Park. Public opinion was, however, against the loss of a large portion of Hyde Park for railway purposes and eventually the Royal Commission recommended the adoption of an alternative proposal from Mr Eddy which would see a central city station at King Street and branch lines splitting east and north. No further action
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#17330858408141166-438: The aesthetic significance of the place and evoke a former era of railway travel. Museum railway station was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales. Historic value encompasses the history of aesthetics, science and society and therefore, to
1219-435: The arch roof structures. Concourse areas were formed above the platforms of both stations, acting as focal points for pedestrian ways from street entrances. The interiors of Museum and especially St James station were well detailed, with extensive use of wall tiling and metal stair railings in the style of the period. The main entrances to both stations were each marked by two sandstone and brick entrance buildings designed in
1272-414: The city centre by horse drawn and in later years steam and electrically powered trams which ran along George , Pitt or Elizabeth Streets. Throughout the second half of the 19th century and early years of the 20th century, Sydney developed a tram based public transport system which adequately served most parts of the city then settled. However, the growth in population and increased residential density in
1325-680: The completion of the Macquarie Street Bridge and tunnels through the Botanical Garden . From 1917 to 1922, Bradfield maintained a publicity campaign to rally support for his scheme. He presented papers before conferences, professional bodies, public groups, union organisations and the popular press. A city railway built to his plan would benefit workers, he argued, by enabling them "to reside further afield and enjoy fresh are and sunlight", property owners and local government, because they would benefit from increased land values and rates and
1378-517: The construction of the inner loop of the City railway". 1934 entry and exits to St. James and Museum Stations in Hyde Park South and North built, as the southern portion of Hyde Park was only handed back to Sydney City Council in 1932. St James and Museum were busy stations until 1956 when they were connected by the line through Circular Quay allowing trains to run into the city and back out again without needing to stop and reverse at St James as
1431-654: The culmination of many years of political lobbying to have a city railway system in place. The station complex is an important part of the larger NSW railways network, particularly the inner-city system, and has associations with prominent persons such as JJC Bradfield and organisations such as the Department of Railways. It played an important part in the development of the CBD in Sydney as evidenced by direct pedestrian subway connections to adjacent department stores such as Mark Foys . The Museum Station entry building (Liverpool Street)
1484-572: The degree to which the place may contribute further information. [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article contains material from Museum Railway Station , entry number 1207 in the New South Wales State Heritage Register published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2018 under CC-BY 4.0 licence , accessed on 13 October 2018. John Whitton John Whitton (1820 near Wakefield , Yorkshire , England – 20 February 1898), an Anglo – Australian railway engineer ,
1537-511: The department and made Whitton's position easier. In 1886 and 1887 Whitton submitted drawings for a proposed suspension bridge across Sydney Harbour from Dawes Point Battery to Milson's Point . On 1 May 1889 the Hawkesbury River Railway Bridge was opened; it was the final link in the railway system from Brisbane through Sydney to Melbourne and Adelaide and Whitton had fought for adequate finance for it. However, by
1590-488: The end of his long tenure as Engineer-in-Chief, the British wrought-iron lattice truss bridge designs that Whitton employed had been superseded by lighter steel truss designs, following more modern American practice. The first Hawkesbury Railway Bridge was the first major rail bridge for which he had not specified the design. Whitton's successors would use steel truss designs for the other bridges built after he retired. He
1643-525: The engineering problems and in 1876 completed the Blue Mountains line that included two zigzags . In 1880-85 the unprecedented growth in railways, 1,000 miles (1,600 km) of new track and nine million more passengers exposed existing inadequacies in administration of railways. A royal commission into railway bridges exonerated Whitton of the charges of faulty design and of using inferior materials. In 1888 Henry Parkes 's Government Railways Act reorganized
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1696-493: The first few weeks of its operations, "swarms of interested mothers and fathers, together with their children, thronged the platforms and stairways examining Dr Bradfield's super Christmas box to the public". Media praise for the opening of the two city stations was offset by reporting which focused on the fact that only a small portion of Bradfield's plan was in place. The Evening News of 18 December 1926 stated "the traffic problem, before it becomes far worse, can only be met by
1749-541: The future of Sydney in general because of the huge increases in population then forecast. Excavation work for Museum (then known as Liverpool Street ) and St James stations began in 1922/23. The imagination of the public was captivated as crowds gathered daily to view construction of the tunnels and stations beneath the Hyde Park grounds. The method used was that known as "cut and cover" – seeing an expansive open cut trench dug into Hyde Park, more than 100,000 cubic metres (3,500,000 cu ft) of rock and soil removed,
1802-405: The government's uncritical acceptance of the lowest tenders for railway construction. Whitton did, however, introduce cheaper so-called pioneer lines for use in easier terrain once the mountains had been crossed. Money was saved by building for lower speeds and the lightest of axleloads , with ash ballast, no fencing, etc. These pioneer lines retained the same gauge as the main system. Whitton
1855-516: The inner suburban areas in particular resulted in the heavy congestion of thoroughfares leading into the city. The first plans for extending the railway line into the city proper were prepared as early as 1857 by the Engineer in Chief, John Whitton . Surveys were undertaken to develop a railway line via Castlereagh Street to Circular Quay . By the 1860s it became clear that the area in or around Hyde Park
1908-460: The intersection of Elizabeth and Bathurst Streets. All exits flow into one of two concourses at the station. The main concourse is the southern one, located near the Elizabeth and Liverpool St intersection. The toilets, station office and lifts are all located in this concourse. The northern concourse is located near the intersection of Elizabeth and Bathurst St, with much less facilities compared to
1961-424: The laying of 2,171 miles (3,494 km) of the track on which no accident had occurred attributable to defective design or construction. Parkes regarded him as 'a man of such rigid and unswerving integrity, a man of such vast grasp, that however, his faults may occasionally project themselves into prominence, it would be difficult to replace him by a man of equal qualifications'. In international references, Whitton
2014-466: The loss of Hyde Park land and the large capital outlay required were two major hurdles to settlement. In 1908 a "Royal Commission on Improvement of the City of Sydney and its Suburbs" was appointed and recommended a plan for a loop railway proceeding down York Street to Circular Quay and returning to Central station via Macquarie Street and Hyde Park. Six underground stations were to be located generally in
2067-407: The main concourse. This concourse is used much less than the other one, and so is only open during the daytime on weekdays. At other times, only the southern concourse is open. There are photos of the station being built and a complete photo history through the pedestrian tunnels of this station. The platforms feature various period advertisements. Work commenced on the 27 May 2015 on lifts between
2120-510: The positions of the Central, Town Hall , Wynyard , Circular Quay , St James and Museum stations of today. In 1912 the Government commissioned the engineering firm of Mott and Hay who recommended an amended variation of the 1908 scheme with lines to the eastern and western suburbs. The scheme was not adopted being judged expensive, inefficient and impractical on numerous counts. In February 1915
2173-503: The project. Mounting public concern over the increasing congestion of street traffic and the need for a rail link into the city eventually forced the Government to appoint a Royal Commission in March 1890. Thirty six separate schemes were submitted, advocating either extension along the western, business side of the city or, along the eastern side through Hyde Park to minimise the costly land resumptions necessary. The Royal Commission recommended
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2226-434: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about railway and public transport stations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Museum_Station&oldid=863892045 " Category : Station disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
2279-841: The section over the Blue Mountains and the Lithgow Zig Zag , and much of the Main Southern railway line . Indentured in England, Whitton gained extensive railway engineering experience prior to his arrival in the Colony of New South Wales in 1856. He was an engineer for the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincoln railway line (1847), and supervised the building of the Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton line from 1852 to 1856. Appointed in March 1856 as Engineer-in-Charge, Whitton arrived in Sydney and found
2332-589: The street and the concourse level at the Elizabeth and Liverpool Streets entrance with further lifts to the platforms. As at 1 November 2010, Museum Station has state significance as the first underground station in Australia (with St James opened the same day) and demonstrates the adaptation of the London tube style station to the Australian situation. The station is well constructed, proportioned and detailed and represents
2385-434: The walls of the tunnels and station formed, roofing put in place and the site eventually covered over. Construction of the two station utilised concrete for the walls and steel framework and concrete for the roof. Costing £ 2,007,943, Museum station was built as a single main tunnel arch in concrete spanning both east and west platforms and two centre tracks. The station is free of columns and other supporting structures in
2438-617: The world", Sydney then having a population of 800,000 people. Work on the city railway system commenced in 1916 with the firm of Norton, Griffiths and Co beginning excavations tunnelling and foundation building for the link between Central station to Macquarie Street. After the firm's contract was cancelled in early 1918, work was taken over by the Department of Railways . Funding problems resulting from World War 1 austerity measures and political indecision forced construction to cease in June 1918 with
2491-593: Was a member of the Hunter River floods commission 1869–70, the Sydney, City and Suburban Sewage and Health Board 1875–77, and the Board for Opening Tenders for Public Works 1875–87; he was a New South Wales commissioner for the Melbourne International Exhibition in 1880. Granted a year's leave on 29 May 1889, Whitton retired on 31 May 1890 with a pension of £675 and visited England in 1892. He had supervised
2544-448: Was accused of fraud, along with his brother-in-law, Sir John Fowler , and the charges were proved groundless. Following a select committee on railway extension that recommended the construction of cheap narrow-gauge railways, necessitating a break of gauge within the Colony, as well as at the border; estimates were prepared but Whitton, determined to sabotage the committee's recommendation, suspended all surveys and new work. Whitton overcame
2597-464: Was an ideal location for the city railway station. In 1862 plans were prepared for a line via Hyde Park to the Quay. Survey work continued between 1862 and 1889. In 1894 funds were made available and plans prepared for a railway line extension to a principal station between Park Street and St James Road and a branch line to Fort Macquarie . A change of Colonial Government , however, caused the abandonment of
2650-435: Was previously done. The central two tunnels at St James, built to link with the proposed Eastern Suburbs railway have never been used for train movement although they were, along with the section of tunnel built to connect with Circular Quay, used as air raid shelters during World War II . After 1956 and the opening of Circular Quay station, St James and Museum suffered from reduced passenger usage and peak hours are now only
2703-599: Was proposed to form a vital link in the network by being built on two levels to accommodate both through trains from the North Shore , and city loop traffic in the style demonstrated by Grand Central station, New York. In late 1915 the Government passed a City and Suburban Electric Railways Bill, the Vice President of the Legislative Council saying that "underground railways are a necessary part of great cities all over
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#17330858408142756-482: Was taken until April 1896 when the Premier was forced "in the interest of the safety and comfort of the travelling public' to appoint a second Royal Commission to investigate and report on a suitable route. Inquiries and reports continued over the next few years and, while the Government did authorise the construction of Central station in 1900, agreement on a city railway service could not be achieved. Public opposition to
2809-640: Was the Engineer-in-Charge for the New South Wales Government Railways , serving between 1856 and 1890, considered the Father of New South Wales Railways. Under his supervision, it is estimated that 2,171 miles (3,494 km) of railway around New South Wales and Victoria were completed. Whitton was responsible for the construction of parts of the Main Western railway line , in particular
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