43-505: The Musée Bartholdi is a museum dedicated to French sculptor Auguste Bartholdi and is situated at 30 rue des Marchands in Colmar , at the artist's birthplace. The museum has the "Musée de France" label. In 2011, the building was labeled " Maisons des Illustres " by the Ministry of Culture and Communication. In the courtyard there is a statue named Statue des grands soutiens du monde . Two doors of
86-641: A liaison officer to Italian General Giuseppe Garibaldi , representing the French government and the Army of the Vosges . As an officer, he took part in the defense of Colmar from Germany. Distraught over his region's defeat, over the following years he constructed a number of monuments celebrating French heroism in the defense against Germany. Among these projects was the Lion of Belfort , which he started working on in 1871, not finishing
129-523: A bronze memorial of Jean Rapp , a Napoleonic General. In 1855 and 1856, Bartholdi traveled in Yemen and Egypt with travel companions such as Jean-Léon Gérôme and other "orientalist" painters. The trip sparked Bartholdi's interest in colossal sculpture. In 1869, Bartholdi returned to Egypt to propose a new lighthouse to be built at the entrance of the Suez Canal , which was newly completed. The lighthouse, which
172-729: A captain of the Garde Nationale he escorted the French royal family in its escape from the Tuileries and escorted the Duchess d'Orléans to the Chambre des Députés , where she in vain proposed her son as the next monarch of France . Scheffer fought in the army of Cavaignac during the June Days Uprising in Paris of 23 to 26 June 1848. The cruelty and hatred that the governmental faction exhibited and
215-494: A diagonal line that intersects the majority of the canvas creating not only a sense of movement, but also giving the painting an air of instability. Francesca clings to Paolo as he turns his face away in anguish. There are an additional two figures in the image: hidden in the background, the poets Dante and Virgil look on as they make their way through the nine circles of Hell. Scheffer's popular Faust -themed paintings include Margaret at her wheel ; Faust doubting ; Margaret at
258-489: A globe. The museum is featured in the 2019 documentary about Bartholdi and the Statue of Liberty, Liberty: Mother of Exiles . Auguste Bartholdi Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi ( / b ɑːr ˈ t ɒ l d i , - ˈ θ ɒ l -/ bar- T(H)OL -dee , French: [fʁedeʁik oɡyst baʁtɔldi] ; 2 August 1834 – 4 October 1904) was a French sculptor and painter . He is best known for designing Liberty Enlightening
301-672: A heart condition impaired his activity and eventually caused his death in 1858 in his summer house in Argenteuil . He is buried in the Cimetière de Montmartre . When Scheffer left Guérin's studio, Romanticism had come into vogue in France, with such painters as Xavier Sigalon , Eugène Delacroix and Théodore Géricault . Scheffer did not show much affinity with their work and developed his own style, which has been called "frigidly classical". Scheffer often painted subjects from literature, especially
344-524: A number of statues and monuments by the sculptor, as well as a museum founded in 1922 in the house in which he was born, at 30 Rue des Marchands. Bartholdi's other major works include a variety of statues at Clermont-Ferrand ; in Paris, and in other places. Notable works include: The Statue of Liberty is a 1985 documentary film by Ken Burns which focuses on the statue's history and its impact on society. Bartholdi's life and creation of Liberty Enlightening
387-479: A prominent Philhellene . In 1822 he became drawing teacher to the children of Louis Philippe I , the Duke of Orléans . Because of his connection with them, he obtained many commissions for portraiture and other work. In 1830 riots against the rule of King Charles X resulted in his overthrow . On 30 July, Scheffer and influential journalist Adolphe Thiers rode from Paris to Orléans to ask Louis Philippe I to lead
430-628: The Legion of Honor in 1886. Bartholdi died of tuberculosis at age 70 in Paris on October 4, 1904. In 1876, he married Jeanne-Emile Baheux in Providence, Rhode Island . In 1893, Bartholdi and his wife visited the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, where his Washington and Lafayette sculptural group was exhibited. Throughout his life Bartholdi maintained his childhood family home in Colmar; in 1922, it
473-525: The Minneapolis Institute of Art . Scheffer was also an accomplished portrait painter, finishing 500 portraits in total. His subjects included composers Frédéric Chopin and Franz Liszt , the Marquis de la Fayette , Pierre-Jean de Béranger , Alphonse de Lamartine , Charles Dickens , Duchess de Broglie , Talleyrand and Queen Marie Amélie . After 1846, he ceased to exhibit. His strong ties with
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#1733093936263516-401: The 17th century were registered as a monument historique on 18 June 1926. In 2012, the museum numbered over 16,000 visitors. The museum is at 30, rue des Marchands in Colmar, the birthplace of Auguste Bartholdi. The town house is from the eighteenth century but two Renaissance arcades discovered during restoration work evidences older buildings on the site. At the end of the eighteenth century
559-662: The Bartholdi Museum in 1922. While in Colmar, Bartholdi took drawing lessons from Martin Rossbach. In Paris, he studied sculpture with Antoine Étex . He also studied architecture under Henri Labrouste and Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc . Bartholdi attended the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris and received a baccalauréat in 1852. He then went on to study architecture at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts as well as painting under Ary Scheffer in his studio in
602-636: The Garden of Olives , Christ bearing his Cross , Christ interred (1845), and St Augustine and Monica (1846). One of the reduced versions of his Christus Consolator (the prime version today to be found in the Van Gogh Museum , Amsterdam), lost for 70 years, was rediscovered in a janitor's closet in Gethsemane Lutheran Church in Dassel, Minnesota , in 2007. It has been restored and is on display at
645-521: The Grasp of Misery , receiving a bronze medal for the latter. His 1878 statue Gribeauval became the property of the French state. A prolific creator of statues, monuments, and portraits, Bartholdi exhibited at the Paris Salons until the year of his death in 1904. He also remained active with diverse mediums, including oil painting, watercolor, photography, and drawing, and received the rank of Commander of
688-703: The Resurrection , which he had left unfinished. By the time of his death, his reputation was damaged and was further undermined by the sale of the Paturle Gallery, which contained many of his most celebrated achievements: though his paintings were praised for their charm and facility, they were condemned for poor use of color and vapid sentiment. At various times Maurice Sand , Scheffer, Charles Gounod , Hector Berlioz were in relationships with Pauline Viardot —in letters they claimed that they were in love with her. She wrote in one letter: Louis and Scheffer (Scheffer
731-565: The Rue Chaptal, now the Musée de la Vie Romantique . Later, Bartholdi turned his attention to sculpture, which afterward exclusively occupied him and his life. In 1853, Bartholdi submitted a Good Samaritan -themed sculptural group to the Paris Salon of 1853. The statue was later recreated in bronze . Within two years of his Salon debut, Bartholdi was commissioned by his hometown of Colmar to sculpt
774-478: The Sabbat ; Margaret leaving church ; The garden walk , and Margaret at the well . In 1836, he painted two pictures of Goethe's character Mignon : Mignon desires her fatherland (1836), and Mignon yearns for heaven (1851). He now turned to religious subjects: Christus Consolator (1836) was followed by Christus Remunerator , The shepherds led by the star (1837), The Magi laying down their crowns , Christ in
817-455: The World and the Lion of Belfort . Among many other, works by Bartholdi that can be seen in the museum include: In the courtyard stands Bartholdi's bronze sculpture Les Grands Soutiens du Monde, created in 1889 . It was exhibited at the 1902 Salon des Artistes Français and takes the form of two male figures representing work and patriotism and a female figure representing justice supporting
860-431: The World are also featured in the 2019 documentary film, Liberty: Mother of Exiles . In the youtube series ' The Monument Mythos ,' various episodes in the first season document his life and works. Notes Sources Ary Scheffer Ary Scheffer (10 February 1795 – 15 June 1858) was a Dutch-French Romantic painter. He was known mostly for his works based on literature, with paintings based on
903-509: The World , commonly known as the Statue of Liberty . Bartholdi was born in Colmar , France, on August 2, 1834. He was born to a family of Alsatian Protestant heritage, with his family name adopted from Barthold. His parents were Jean Charles Bartholdi (1791–1836) and Augusta Charlotte Bartholdi ( née Beysser ; 1801–1891). Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi was the youngest of their four children, and one of only two to survive infancy, along with
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#1733093936263946-600: The death of his father. In 1811 he and his mother, who greatly influenced his career, moved to Paris , France , where he studied at the École des Beaux-Arts as a pupil of Pierre-Narcisse Guérin . His brothers followed them to Paris later. Scheffer started exhibiting at the Salon de Paris in 1812. He began to be recognized in 1817, and in 1819 he was asked to make a portrait of the Marquis de Lafayette . Perhaps because of Lafayette's acquaintances, Scheffer and his brothers were politically active throughout their lives and he became
989-457: The house was owned by the family of Etienne Meyer whose daughter Catherine Dorothée married Dr. Jean Charles Bartholdi (1756–1830); their son Jean Charles (1791–1836) was the father of Auguste Bartholdi. On 25 June 1907, the house was bequeathed to the town of Colmar by Auguste Bartholdi's widow on condition it was made into a museum. Madame Bartholdi died in 1914 but the First World War delayed
1032-530: The idea of a massive statue and once its design was approved, the Union Franco-Américaine raised more than 1 million francs throughout France for its building. In 1879, Bartholdi was awarded design patent U.S. patent D11,023 for the Statue of Liberty. On July 4, 1880, the statue was formally delivered to the American minister in Paris, the event being celebrated by a great banquet. In October 1886,
1075-595: The massive sandstone statue until 1880. In 1871, he made his first trip to the United States, where he pitched the idea of a massive statue gifted from the French to the Americans in honor of the centennial of American independence. The idea, which had first been broached to him in 1865 by his friend Édouard René de Laboulaye , resulted in the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor . After years of work and fundraising,
1118-530: The misery of the lower classes so shocked him that he withdrew from politics and refused to make portraits of the family of Napoléon III , who reigned after the Uprising. On 16 March 1850 he married Sophie Marin, the widow of General Baudrand , and on 6 November of that year he finally became a French citizen. He continued to frequently travel to the Netherlands, and traveled to Belgium , Germany , and England , but
1161-525: The oldest brother, Jean-Charles, who became a lawyer and editor. Bartholdi's father, a property owner and counselor to the prefecture, died when Bartholdi was two years old. Afterwards, Bartholdi moved with his mother and his older brother Jean-Charles to Paris , where another branch of their family resided. With the family often returning to spend long periods of time in Colmar, the family maintained ownership and visited their house in Alsace, which later became
1204-409: The reign of Louis Philippe I , who abdicated on 24 February 1848. Scheffer and Hendrik were inundated with artistic commissions, and they taught numerous students in their workshop in Paris , so many that of the works produced during this period that bear his signature the number that he actually made himself cannot be verified. Scheffer was elevated as commander of the Legion of Honour in 1848. As
1247-466: The reputation of a noble family. Cornelia Scheffer (1830–1899) became a sculptor and painter in her own right. Scheffer's mother did not know of her namesake granddaughter until 1837, after which she cared for her until she died only two years later. Scheffer became an associate member of the Royal Institute of the Netherlands in 1846, and resigned in 1851. Scheffer and his family prospered during
1290-432: The resistance, and a few days later he became " King of the French ". That same year, Scheffer's daughter Cornélia was born. He registered the name of her mother as "Maria Johanna de Nes", but nothing is known of her and she may have died soon after Cornelia's birth. Considering that his grandmother's name was "Johanna de Nes", it has been speculated that he kept the name of Cornelia's mother secret so as not to compromise
1333-620: The royal family caused him to fall out of favour when, in 1848, the Second Republic came into being. Scheffer was made commander of the Legion of Honour in 1848, that is, after he had wholly withdrawn from the Salon. Shut up in his studio, he produced many paintings that were only exhibited after his death in 1858. The works first exhibited posthumously include Sorrows of the earth , and the Angel announcing
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1376-468: The setting up of the museum until Alsace was returned to France from Germany. The two 17th century gates were listed on the additional inventory of historical monuments by order of June 18, 1929. The museum, inaugurated on 18 November 1922, preserves a collection of sculptures, paintings, drawings, photographs of sketches and models. It houses on three levels the space dedicated to this emblematic 19th century artist for having created Liberty Enlightening
1419-737: The statue was inaugurated in 1886. During this period, Bartholdi also sculpted monuments for other American cities, such as the Bartholdi Fountain in Washington, D.C. , completed in 1878. In 1875, he joined the Freemasons Lodge Alsace-Lorraine in Paris. In 1876, Bartholdi was one of the French commissioners in 1876 to the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition . There he exhibited bronze statues of The Young Vine-Grower , Génie Funèbre , Peace and Genius in
1462-560: The structure was officially presented as the joint gift of the French and American people, and installed on Bedloe's Island in New York Harbor . It was rumored in France that the face of the Statue of Liberty was modeled after Bartholdi's mother. The statue is 46 metres (151 ft), and the top of the torch is at an elevation of 93 metres (305 ft) from mean low-water mark. It was the largest work of its kind that had been completed up to that time. Bartholdi's hometown Colmar (modern political administrative region of Grand Est ) has
1505-425: The works of Dante , Byron and Goethe . Two versions of Dante and Beatrice have been preserved at Wolverhampton Art Gallery , United Kingdom, and Museum of Fine Arts, Boston , US. His L'Enterrement du Jeune Pêcheur , illustrating a scene from Walter Scott's The Antiquary and taking inspiration from David Wilkie 's Distraining for Rent , was exhibited at the Salon of 1824-25. Particularly highly praised
1548-488: The works of Dante , Goethe , Lord Byron and Walter Scott , as well as religious subjects. He was also a prolific painter of portraits of famous and influential people in his lifetime. Politically, Scheffer had strong ties to King Louis Philippe I , having been employed as a teacher of the latter's children, which allowed him to live a life of luxury for many years until the French Revolution of 1848 . Scheffer
1591-770: Was established by Edouard de Laboulaye . Bartholdi's hometown in Alsace had just passed into German control in the Franco-Prussian War . These troubles in his ancestral home of Alsace are purported to have further influenced Bartholdi's own great interest in independence, liberty, and self-determination . Bartholdi subsequently joined the Union Franco-Américaine, among whose members were Laboulaye, Paul de Rémusat , William Waddington , Henri Martin , Ferdinand Marie de Lesseps , Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau , Oscar Gilbert Lafayette, François Charles Lorraine, and Louis François Lorraine. Bartholdi broached
1634-408: Was his Francesca da Rimini , painted in 1836, which illustrates a scene from Dante Alighieri 's Inferno . In the piece the entwined bodies of Francesca di Rimini and Paolo Malatesta swirl around in the never-ending tempest that is the second circle of Hell. The illusion of movement is created by the drapery that envelopes the couple, as well as by Francesca's flowing hair. These two figures create
1677-561: Was made into the Musée Bartholdi . The work for which Bartholdi is most famous is Liberty Enlightening the World , better known as the Statue of Liberty . Soon after the establishment of the French Third Republic , the project of building some suitable memorial to show the fraternal feeling existing between the republics of the United States and France was suggested, and in 1874 the Union Franco-Américaine (Franco-American Union)
1720-510: Was named. Ary Scheffer had two brothers, the journalist and writer Karel Arnold Scheffer (1796–1853) and the painter Hendrik Scheffer (1798–1862). His parents educated him and he attended the drawing academy in Amsterdam from the age of 11 years. In 1808 his father became the court painter of Louis Bonaparte in Amsterdam , yet his father died one year later. Encouraged by Willem Bilderdijk , Ary moved to Lille , France , for further study after
1763-409: Was the best friend of Louis Viardot , husband of Pauline Viardot) has always been my dearest of friends, and it is sad, that I was never able to respond to the hot and deep love of Louis, despite all my volition. She was married to Louis Viardot at 18 years old, when her husband was a director of an Italian opera house in Paris and a friend of Scheffer. Scheffer was a confidant of Pauline Viardot and
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1806-550: Was the son of Johan Bernard Scheffer (1765–1809), a portrait painter who was born in Homberg upon Ohm or Cassel (both presently in Germany ; the latter has been spelled as Kassel since 1926) and moved to the Netherlands in his youth, and Cornelia Lamme (1769–1839), a portrait miniature painter and daughter of landscape painter Arie Lamme of Dordrecht , for whom Arij (later "Ary")
1849-518: Was to be called Egypt Carrying the Light to Asia and shaped as a massive, draped figure holding a torch, was not commissioned. Both the khedive and Lesseps declined the proposed statue from Bartholdi, citing the high cost. The Port Said Lighthouse was built instead, by François Coignet in 1869. Bartholdi served in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 as a squadron leader of the National Guard, and as
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