66-630: Murud-Janjira ( pron. ) is the local name of a famous fort and tourist spot situated on an island just off the coastal town of Murud , in the Raigad district of Maharashtra , India . Malik Ambar is credited with the construction of the Janjira Fort in the Murud Area of present-day Maharashtra India. After its construction in 1567 AD, the fort was key to the Sidis withstanding various invasion attempts by
132-517: A Sindhi man and a Sheedi woman are called Gadra/Gada/Guda. Most Sheedis in Karachi are historically associated with the fishing business, traditionally working as fishermen, sailors and small boat operators. They also constitute the largest labour force employed at the Port of Karachi and harbour. Many increasingly have pursued higher professions. Muhammad Siddique Musafir was a popular writer and poet of
198-485: A population of 12,551. Males constitute 48% of the population and females 52%. In Murud, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. Seafood: prawns, surumai, pomfret, kingfish, mackerel, crab, lobster. Vegetables: eggplant (brinjal), sweet potato, sugarcane, onions, garlic. Cereals: rice. Fruits: coconut, mango, watermelon, bananas, jack fruit, kokum. Nuts: Betel nut, cashew nut. Spices: black pepper. Fish surmai, rawas prons lobster octopus bombay duck(bombil) Below are
264-723: A relatively high frequency of R1a1a-M17 (25%) subclade among Makrani Sheedis. According to an mtDNA study by Shah et al. (2011), the maternal ancestry of the Siddi consists of mostly Bantu-associated haplogroups with barely any Indian-associated haplogroups, reflecting insignificant female gene flow from neighbouring Indian populations. About 95% of the Siddis from Gujarat and 99% of the Siddis from Karnataka belonged to various Bantu-derived macro-haplogroup L subclades. The latter mainly consisted of L0 and L2a sublineages associated with Bantu women. The remainder possessed Indian-specific subclades of
330-520: A reputation for being impregnable. The reputation may be false. Mass mobilizations by the English and Marathas were always forced off before they could complete the task by the intervention of another power, such as the Mughals, creating a diversion in order to prevent the fall of Murud-Janjira. The same happened with Goa, with the Mughals invading Maratha lands in order to divert Maratha attempts to conquer Goa. As
396-918: Is a luxurious mansion, the Palace of the Nawab. Built by the former Nawab of Janjira, it commands a panoramic view of the Arabian sea and the Janjira sea fort. In early 1100 AD, the Abyssinian Sidis established the Janjira and Jafarabad state. In 1539, According to accounts written by the Portuguese admiral Fernão Mendes Pinto , the Ottoman fleet that first arrived in Aceh (prior to the Ottoman expedition to Aceh led by Kurtoğlu Hızır Reis ), included 200 Malabar sailors from Janjira to aid
462-536: Is a private property. Murud is known for a notable beach, and for its proximity to Janjira off the coast of Rajapuri, a sea fort. Murud-Janjira is the local name for a fort situated at the coastal City of Murud, in the Raigad district of Maharashtra, India. It is notable for being the only fort along India's western coast that remained undefeated despite Dutch and English East India Company attacks. Main Land to Murud Janjira.At
528-467: Is considered one of the strongest coastal forts in India. The fort is approached by sailboats from Rajapuri jetty. The main gate of the fort faces Rajapuri on the shore and can be seen only when one is about 40 feet (12 m) away from it. It has a small postern gate towards the open sea for escape. The fort has 26 artillery towers still intact. There are many cannons of native and European make rusting on
594-400: Is still in good shape. A special attraction of this fort are 3 gigantic cannons named Kalaal Baangadi, Chavri and Landa Kasam. These cannons were said to be feared for their shooting range. Another gate to the west is sea-facing, called 'Darya Darwaza'. There is another fortress which is located on top of the hill around 32 km (20 mi) east of Murud-Janjira, named Ghosalgad , that
660-434: Is the village of Sirvan, inhabited entirely by Siddis. They were brought 300 years ago from Portuguese colonial territories for the Nawab of Junagadh. Today, they follow very few of their original customs, with a few exceptions like the traditional Dhamal dance. Although Gujarati Siddis have adopted the language and many customs of their surrounding populations, some of their Bantu traditions have been preserved. These include
726-552: The Adil Shahi dynasty until the reign of Ibrahim II when the Janjira fort was lost to the Siddis. Major historical figures from Murud-Janjira include men such as Sidi Hilal, Yahya Saleh and Sidi Yaqub . In the late 1600's, during the rule of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb , Sidi Yaqut received a subsidy of 400,000 rupees. He also owned large ships which weighed 300–400 tons. According to records, these ships were unsuitable for fighting on
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#1732880801929792-491: The African Diaspora and thus, help better understand the dynamics of dispersed peoples. More recent focused scholarship argues that although Siddis are numerically a minority, their historic presence in India for over five hundred years, as well as their self-perception, and how the broader Indian society relates to them, make them a distinct Bantu/Indian. Historically, Siddis have not existed only within binary relations to
858-723: The Deccan Sultanates . These Siddis embraced Deccani Muslim culture , and identified with the Deccani Indian Muslim political faction against the Iranian Shia immigrants. Several former slaves rose to high ranks in the military and administration, the most prominent of which was Malik Ambar . Harris (1971) provides a historical survey of the eastward dispersal of slaves from Southeast Africa to places like India. Hamilton (1990) argues that Siddis in India, their histories, experiences, cultures, and expressions, are integral to
924-586: The E1b1a1-M2 haplogroup, which is frequent among Bantu peoples , in about 42% and 34% of Siddis from Karnataka and Gujarat , respectively. Around 14% of Siddis from Karnataka and 35% of Siddis from Gujarat also belonged to the Sub-Saharan B-M60 . The remaining Siddis had Indian associated or Near Eastern-linked clades, including haplogroups P , H , R1a-M17 , J2 and L-M20 . Thangaraj (2009) observed similar, mainly Bantu-linked paternal affinities amongst
990-542: The Goma music and dance form, which is sometimes called Dhamaal (Gujarati: ધમાલ, fun). The term is believed to be derived from the Ngoma drumming and traditional dance forms of the Bantu people inhabiting Central, East and Southern Africa. The Goma also has a spiritual significance and, at the climax of the dance, some dancers are believed to be vehicles for the presence of Siddi saints of
1056-817: The Indian subcontinent as slaves. Most of these migrants were or else became Muslims , while a small minority became Hindu . The Nizam of Hyderabad also employed African-origin guards and soldiers. The first Siddis are thought to have arrived in India in 628 CE at the Bharuch port. Several others followed with the first Arab Islamic conquest of the subcontinent in 712 CE. The latter group are believed to have been soldiers with Muhammad bin Qasim 's Arab army, and were called Zanjis . Some Siddis escaped slavery to establish communities in forested areas. Siddis were also brought as slaves by
1122-624: The Makran coast of Balochistan is tied to the same slave trade that brought Sindhi Sheedis from East Africa. However, their journey was likely more intricate due to the historical recruitment of Baloch mercenaries by the rulers of Oman , along with African slaves as soldiers and laborers on date farms. This created a historical link between the two groups. In 1782, the ruler of the Khanate of Kalat , who controlled Makran, ceded Gwadar and surrounding territories to Oman, facilitating further interaction between
1188-675: The Siddis of Murud-Janjira set out in a battle with the forces of the Peshwa Baji Rao . On 19 April 1736, the Maratha warriors Nanaji Surve and Chimaji Appa attacked the gathering forces in the encampments of the Siddis near Rewas . Chimaji Appa advised Siddi Sat to run from battle field otherwise Nanajirao will have no mercy on him but Siddi Sat captured Nanajirao Surve and took him to Sagargad fort. Nanajirao rescued himself and beheaded Siddi Sat along with his entire family and his army. Nanajirao Surve
1254-622: The Sindhi language . During the British Raj , notable Sheedi descent leaders emerged through local self-government initiatives, including the mayor of Karachi Allah Bakhsh Gabol . His son Abdul Sattar Gabol became one of the founding members of the Pakistan People's Party . Tanzeela Qambrani became the first Sheedi woman to be elected as the member of Provincial Assembly of Sindh in 2018 Pakistani general election . The arrival of Africans on
1320-580: The Talpur rulers granted land to Baloch warlords, who sought slaves. A few slaves, due to their intelligence and loyalty, rose to prominence. Hoshu Sheedi is known to have fought during the British invasion, particularly at the Battle of Hyderabad in 1843, where he died fighting. He is remembered as a hero and symbol of Sindhi resistance, with his battle cry: "My head you may take, but my Sindh I will not forsake." After
1386-538: The 10,000 soldiers who were sent by the Maratha Peshwa Moropant Trimbak Pingle , and who were roundly repulsed by the Janjira army in 1676. During this Maratha assault, the Marathas, led by Shivaji , attempted to scale the 12-meter-high (39 ft) granite walls but failed in their attempts. Shivaji's son Sambhaji even attempted to tunnel his way into the fort and was very close to capturing
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#17328808019291452-528: The Asif Jahi Nizam of Hyderabad 's army. The Asif Jahi rulers patronised them with rewards and the traditional Marfa music gained popularity and would be performed during official celebrations and ceremonies. Supposedly presented as slaves by the Portuguese to the local Prince, Nawab of Junagadh , the Siddis also live around Gir Forest National Park and Wildlife sanctuary. On the way to Deva-dungar
1518-697: The British defeated the Talpurs, slavery and the slave trade were ironically banned in Sindh, leading to the emancipation of the Sheedi community. Sheedis are largely populated in different towns and villages in southern Sindh . In the city of Karachi , the main Sheedi centre is the area of Lyari and other nearby coastal areas. The Mombasa street in Lyari is named after the city of Mombasa in Kenya. The children of interracial marriage of
1584-537: The East, with a significant number settling in eastern Makran. Many ultimately moved to Lyari in Karachi. In the interior of the Makran district and surrounding Balochistan areas, where Sheedis were historically used as slave laborers on date farms, many still find themselves in bonded labor situations today. Despite the formal abolition of slavery by the ruler of Kalat in 1914, the practice of keeping domestic slaves persisted until
1650-619: The Eurasian haplogroups M and N , which points to recent admixture with autochthonous Indian groups. Narang et al. (2011) examined the autosomal DNA of Siddis in India. According to the researchers, about 58% of the Siddis' ancestry is derived from Bantu peoples. The remainder is associated with locals North and Northwest Indian populations, due to recent admixture events. Similarly, Shah et al. (2011) observed that Siddis in Gujarat derive 66.90%–70.50% of their ancestry from Bantu forebears, while
1716-507: The Maratha abort the mission. The Marathas were unsuccessful against winning Murud Janjira. After this terrific and horrifying attack by Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj , the Siddis were scared of the Marathas. Aurangzeb begged the Siddis to join their alliance but they were too scared. Murud is located at 18°20′N 72°58′E / 18.33°N 72.96°E / 18.33; 72.96 . It has an average elevation of 7 metres (26 feet). As of 2001 India census , Murud had
1782-734: The Marathas, Mughals, and Portuguese to capture Janjira. The word Janjira is a corruption of the word "jazira", which means "island" in the Arabic language. Murud was once known in Marathi as Habsan ("of the Habshi ", that is, the Abyssinians ). The name of the fort is a concatenation of the Konkani and Marathi words, "murud" and "Janjiri". The word "morod" is peculiar to Konkani and is absent in Marathi. Itbarrao Koli
1848-595: The Muslim powers of the interior waned in the face of rising English power, the Siddi state submitted to England under the system of Subsidiary Alliance, becoming a dependency under paramountcy of the Kings of England. HH Nawab Sidi Muhammed Khan II Sidi Ahmad Khan was the last Ruler of Murud-Janjira. A patron of arts and culture, he supported such musicians as Beenkar Abid Hussain Khan. The state continued in this condition until late 1947, when
1914-546: The Siddi community and has been a means to uplift youth and a means of escape from poverty and discrimination. Football and boxing are the most popular sports, and some of the most notable boxers and footballers in Pakistan have mostly emerged from Lyari , which is one of the ethnic heartlands of the community. The Sheedi community has played a large role in Pakistani football history. In its early years, football in Pakistan
1980-702: The Siddi is the term "Habshi". While originally used to refer specifically to the Habesha peoples , Ethio-Semitic -speakers from Abyssinia , the term later became more broadly used to refer to Africans of any ethnicity, but not necessarily referring to the Siddi specifically. Siddis are also sometimes referred to as Afro-Indians. Siddis were referred to as Zanji by Arabs; in China, various transcriptions of this Arabic word were used, including Xinji (辛吉) and Jinzhi (津芝). The Siddi population derived primarily from Bantu peoples of Southeast Africa who were brought to
2046-490: The Siddi primarily associate and marry members of their own communities. It is rare for the Siddi to marry outside of their communities although in Pakistan a growing number of the Sheedi intermarry as a way to dilute their African lineage and reduce racial discrimination and prejudice. Siddi communities, although classified as a tribe by the Indian government, primarily live in agricultural communities where men are responsible for
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2112-483: The Siddi. Qamar et al. (2002) analysed Makrani Sheedis in Pakistan and found that they instead predominantly carried Indian-associated or Near Eastern-linked haplogroups. R1a1a-M17 (30.30%), J2 (18.18%) and R2 (18.18%) were their most common male lineages. Only around 12% carried Africa-derived clades, which mainly consisted of the archaic haplogroup B-M60 , of which they bore the highest frequency of any Pakistani population Underhill et al. (2009) likewise detected
2178-404: The Siddis from their enemies. Despite being feudatories, first of Bijapur and then of the Mughals, the Siddis acted as if they were independent, and lived mainly by piracy on coastal shipping. The piracy of the Siddis provoked the various local powers to attempt to suppress them, but despite efforts by the Portuguese, Dutch, English and the Marathas, the fort was never conquered. The fort thus earned
2244-585: The Siddis in Karnataka follow Hinduism (41.8%), followed by Islam (30.6%) and Christianity (27.4%). In Pakistan, locals of Bantu descent are called "Sheedi" and "Makrani". They live primarily along the Makran in Balochistan , and Southern Sindh . Even though most Sheedis today in Pakistan are of mixed heritage and the number population is complex to determine, the population in 2018 was estimated to be of around 250,000. Many Sheedis have largely assimilated into
2310-399: The Siddis in Karnataka possess 64.80%–74.40% such Southeast African ancestry. The remaining autosomal DNA components in the studied Siddi were mainly associated with local South Asian populations. According to the authors, gene flow between the Siddis' Bantu ancestors and local Indian populations was also largely unidirectional. They estimate this admixture episode's time of occurrence at within
2376-683: The Sultanate of Bijapur; when the Bijapur kingdom was conquered by the Mughal Empire, the Habshis switched their allegiance to the Mughal Empire. As clients of these Muslim states, the Siddis were nominally part of their navies, and fulfilled the role of defending Muslim interests in the sea, and particularly, access by sea for the Hajj and Umrah, for which reason, the interior Muslim states felt compelled to aid and rescue
2442-599: The ammunition room secretly so that the walls of the fort become weak to make it easy for the Maratha forces to enter the fort. However, Kondaji was unsuccessful in the mission and was captured. Siddi beheaded Kondaji and sent Kondaji's head to Sambhajiraje. Upon seeing the beheaded Kondaji, Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj was furious. He decided to strike the fort. Sambhajiraje got 200 boats loaded with cannons to attack Murud Janjira. When Aurangzeb heard this news, he sent one of his commanders to Kalyan to divert Sambhajiraje. Sambhajiraje saved Kalyan. He moved away from Murud which made
2508-483: The dance is generally called as Sheedi dance. In the nascent Baloch culture awareness in the 20th century, many individuals involved in this cultural and political revitalization were of African descent. Among them was Bilawal Belgium from Lyari, who gained national and international acclaim for his mastery of the banjo for Sindhi and Balochi music on Radio Pakistan and as a member of Pakistan’s official music groups travelling to different countries. Generally,
2574-411: The famous cannon Kalaal Baangadi. These cannons were greatly responsible for repelling oncoming enemies from the sea. Inside the fort walls are the ruins of a mosque, a palace and bath with water channelled from streams. There is evidence that royal ladies occupied quarters here. A deep well, still functional, provides fresh water despite the fort being surrounded by salt water. On the island's outer wall
2640-840: The famous schools in Murud City Siddi The Siddi ( pronounced [sɪdːiː] ), also known as the Sheedi , Sidi , or Siddhi , are an ethnic minority group inhabiting Pakistan and India . They are primarily descended from the Bantu peoples of the Zanj coast in Southeast Africa , most of whom came to the Indian subcontinent through the Indian Ocean slave trade . Others arrived as merchants, sailors, indentured servants , and mercenaries. There are conflicting hypotheses on
2706-422: The farming and women are responsible for the home and children. Outside of their communities, men also tend to be employed as farm hands, drivers, manual laborers, and security guards. As in other aspects of life, the Siddi have adopted the common dietary practices of the dominant society. An example of a staple meal would be a large portions of rice with dal and pickles. Athletics has been an important part of
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2772-454: The fort [2] Murud, Raigad Murud is a town and a municipal council in Raigad district in the Indian state of Maharashtra . Situated at a distance of 150 km (93 mi) from Mumbai , Murud is a tourist destination. The Palace of Nawab is located in Murud. The palace was built in 1885 for administration purposes. The palace is still owned by the descendants of the Nawab and
2838-399: The fort. His attempt was thwarted when a Mughal army attacked the Maratha capital city, forcing Sambhaji to withdraw his forces from the siege and return to the Maratha capital. He built another sea fort in 1676, known as Padmadurg or Kasa fort, to challenge Janjira. It is located northwest of Janjira. Padmadurg took 22 years to build and is constructed on 22 acres of land. In the year 1736,
2904-420: The garments predominant in their locale, which can be colorful saris accessorised with bindis in India. Men wear what is generally appropriate for men in their communities. The annual Sheedi Mela festival in Pakistan is the key event in the Sheedi community's cultural calendar. Some glimpses of the rituals at the festival include visit to sacred alligators at Mangopir , playing music and dance. Clearly,
2970-531: The instrument, songs and dance appear to be derived from Africa. They are also active in cultural activities and annual festivals, like the Habash Festival, with the support of several community organisations. In Sindh , Sheedi men perform a unique dance on "mugarman" an ancestral traditional musical instrument of Sheedis, dressed in their traditional attire with markings on face, they also perform dangerous stunts while performing like spitting fire out of mouth,
3036-461: The larger Baloch identity, and linguistically, they speak variations of Balochi , Sindhi (in Karachi), and have created a distinct dialect of Urdu named Makrani , with Urdu words mixed with Balochi and Sindhi expressions and common English terms, mainly picked up from English films and TV series. Although Sheedi remains a neutral term, many individuals are moving away from it, instead adopting
3102-635: The last 400 years. There is a 50,000-strong Siddhi population across India, of which more than a third live in Karnataka . In Karnataka, they are concentrated around Yellapur , Haliyal , Ankola , Joida , Mundgod and Sirsi taluks of Uttara Kannada and in Khanapur of Belgaum and Kalaghatagi of Dharwad district . Many members of the Siddis community of Karnataka had migrated to Pakistan after independence and have settled in Karachi , Sindh . A plurality of
3168-576: The last prince acceded his state to the Indian Union, and his state was merged into the Bombay Presidency which was later transformed into the State of Bombay and the State of Maharashtra. In 1682, Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj tried to attack Janjira. Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj took shelter inside a fort near Murud built by his father, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj . The fort was named as Padmadurg . It
3234-522: The late 1950s. Today, some landlords and religious leaders continue to employ black servants. Recent advances in genetic analyses have helped shed some light on the ethnogenesis of the Siddi. Genetic genealogy , although a novel tool that uses the genes of modern populations to trace their ethnic and geographic origins, has also helped clarify the possible background of the modern Siddi. A Y-chromosome study by Shah et al. (2011) tested Siddi individuals in India for paternal lineages. The authors observed
3300-477: The nation state and imperial forces . They did not simply succumb to the ideologies and structures of imperial forces , nor did they simply rebel against imperial rule. The Siddi are recognized as a scheduled tribe in 3 states and 1 union territory: Goa , Gujarat , Maharashtra , Karnataka and Daman and Diu . In the 18th century, a Siddi community arrived with the Arab , and frequently served as cavalry guards to
3366-566: The open sea against European warships, but their size allowed for transporting soldiers for amphibious operations. Despite repeated attempts by the Portuguese , the British and the Maratha to subdue the island fortress, all of these efforts failed to displace the island's Siddi rulers. The Siddis were themselves allied with the Mughal Empire . One example of such a failed attack was the account of
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#17328808019293432-420: The origin of the name Siddi . One theory is that the word derives from sahibi , an Arabic term of respect in North Africa, similar to the word sahib in modern India and Pakistan. A second theory is that the term Siddi is derived from the title borne by the captains of the Arab vessels that first brought Siddi settlers to India; these captains were known as Sayyid . A different name occasionally used for
3498-414: The past 200 years or eight generations. While they have assimilated in many ways to the dominant culture, they have also kept some ancestral practices especially in music and dance. Like other ethnic groups separated by geography, there are both differences and similarities in cultural practices among the Siddi. When it comes to dress, women and men dress in typical South Asian attires. Siddi women wear
3564-428: The past. Goma music comes from the Kiswahili word "ngoma", which means a drum or drums. It also denotes any dancing occasion where traditional drums are principally used. The majority of the Siddis in Gujarat are Muslims (98.7%), with very few following Hinduism (1%). The Siddis of Karnataka (also spelled Siddhis ) are an ethnic minority group of mainly Bantu descent that has made Karnataka their home for
3630-410: The region of Batak and Maritime Southeast Asia . Later, in 1621, the Siddis of Janjira became exceptionally powerful as an autonomous state to the point that the commander of Janjira, Siddi Ambar the Little, successfully defied his overlord Malik Ambar 's attempt to replace him. Siddi Ambar the Little is accordingly considered the first Nawab of Janjira state. The island fortress was under control of
3696-428: The rise of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and the Maratha Empire. Malik Amber initially rose to great prominence as the Prime Minister of Ahmednagar. He is credited with having carried out a systematic revenue settlement of major portions of the Deccan, which formed the basis for many subsequent settlements. When the Ahmadnagar kingdom was conquered by Bijapur and the Mughals in alliance, the Siddis switched their allegiance to
3762-614: The surname Qambrani, in reverence to Qambar , the freed slave of Ali , while others prefer the name Bilali, referencing Bilal , a companion of Prophet Muhammad . African presence in Sindh is documented from 711 A.D. after the Umayyad conquest of Sindh . However, significant African slave importation to Sindh occurred from the late 18th to mid-19th centuries, during the peak of the Omani-Arab slave trade . Slaves mostly from modern-day Kenya and Tanzania , were captured and sold in Zanzibar , then shipped to Muscat until reaching Karachi. The demand for African slaves increased in Sindh as
3828-423: The time they seized the fort, the Siddis were employed by the Bahamani Sultan of Ahmednagar and a Habshi, Malik Ambar (1550–1626), held a prominent position in that government. Before the rise of the Maratha sardars, the courts of the Bahamani sultanates were rent by rivalry between the Indian Muslims and the foreign Muslims, as a result of which, the Sultans began to patronize the Marathas as a third force, leading to
3894-403: The towers. Now in ruins, the fort in its heyday was a full-fledged living fort with all the necessary facilities, such as barracks, quarters for officers, a mosque, two small 60-foot-deep (18 m) fresh water ponds and so on. On the outer wall flanking the main gate, there is a sculpture depicting a tiger-like beast clasping elephants in its claws. The palace of the Nawabs of Janjira at Murud
3960-432: The two groups. As the 18th century progressed, the Sultan of Oman expanded his influence along the Iranian coast acquiring various ports, which allowed African slaves engaged in maritime activities to reach Gwadar and other regions that are now part of Pakistan. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, famines and slave rebellions in coastal Iran led to the liberation and migration of many slaves and free individuals towards
4026-400: Was also an Abyssinian regent of Siddi origin—decided to construct a solid rock fortress in place of the original wooden structure. This fort was originally called Jazeera Mahroob Jazeera. Murud-Janjira Fort is situated on an oval-shaped rock off the Arabian Sea coast near the port city of Murud, 165 km (103 mi) south of Mumbai , in the middle of the western Indian coastline. Janjira
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#17328808019294092-431: Was built to control the activities of the Siddis of Murud. Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj sent a commander named Kondaji Farzand inside the fort. Kondaji secretly entered the fort. Kondaji played guerilla warfare against the Siddi commander Siddi Khairiyat. Kondaji told Siddi that he had a conflict with the Maratha ruler Sambhajiraje and decided to run away from Swaraj to Murud. Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj told Konaji to burn
4158-596: Was mainly concentrated to Balochistan and the locality of Lyari, from where majority of players of the Pakistan national football team were recruited mainly in the 1960s, which is often regarded as the early golden age of Pakistani football. Notable players during this period include Abdul Ghafoor , nicknamed the "Pakistani Pelé " and "Black Pearl of Pakistan", Muhammad Umer , Moosa Ghazi , Abid Ghazi , Turab Ali , Abdullah Rahi , Murad Bakhsh , Qadir Bakhsh , Maula Bakhsh , among others. Siddis are primarily Muslims, although some are Hindus and others belong to
4224-426: Was rewarded with village name Kusgao When the confrontation ended, 1,500 Siddis, including their leader Siddi Sat, had been killed. Peace was brokered in September 1736, but the Siddis were confined to only Janjira , Gowalkot , and Anjanvel , with their power greatly reduced. However, Janjira remained unconquered until it became part of Indian territory after independence from the British in 1947. Short BBC video on
4290-573: Was the Patil of Janjira Island and a chief of the Kolis who built this island in the 15th century for Kolis to live on peacefully away from pirates. The origin the old Wooden Garrison can be traced down to the fifteenth century when some local fishermen of Rajapuri constructed a small wooden fort on a huge rock to protect themselves and their families from the pirates. However, the Nizam Shahi Sultan of Ahmednagar wanted to capture this wooden garrison purely for strategic reasons, and when his general Piram Khan captured it, Malik Ambar—his spokesperson who
4356-489: Was used as an outpost by the rulers of Janjira. During its heyday, the island fort boasted 572 cannons. Visitors can gain access to the Janjira fort from Rajapuri, a small village on the coast. After a short ride in a small boat, one can enter the fort through the main entrance. The fort is oval shaped instead of the usual oblong or square shape. The fort wall is about 40 feet high and has 19 rounded porches or arches, some of which still have cannons mounted on them, including
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