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84-529: The brewery has two manufacturing units, one located in Rawalpindi , Punjab , and the other in Hattar , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . It has three divisions – Liquor (which deals with alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks), Tops (which focuses on food items, mineral water , and fruit juices), and Glass (which makes glass jars and bottles) divisions. It is one of Pakistan's fastest-growing companies. The Murree Brewery Company Ltd.

168-617: A community of Jewish traders who had fled Mashhad , Persia in the 1830s. In the British era many churches were built for the British soldiers to come to the churches for Sunday prayer because Rawalpindi Cantonment was the home for the British Army . The Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus is a 48.1 km (29.9 mi) bus rapid transit system operating in the Islamabad-Rawalpindi metropolitan area . The Metrobus network's first phase

252-467: A cooler and drier winter. Rawalpindi and its twin city Islamabad , during the year experiences an average of 91 thunderstorms, which is the highest frequency of any plain elevation city in the country. Strong windstorms are frequent in the summer during which wind gusts have been reported by Pakistan Meteorological Department to have reached 176 km/h (109 mph). In such thunder/wind storms, which results in some damage of infrastructure. The weather

336-604: A distillery in Quetta . Due to scarcity of water in Murree in the 1920s, brewing was mostly transferred to Rawalpindi, but malting continued at Ghora Gali until the 1940s, when this property was sold. This brewery, built in the Gothic revival style of architecture, was burnt during the independence of Pakistan in 1947, while the brewery in Quetta was destroyed in the 1935 Quetta earthquake . In

420-438: A hub for tourists visiting Rohtas Fort , Azad Kashmir , Taxila and Gilgit-Baltistan . The origin of the name may derive from Punjabi words " rāwal" ( راول ) meaning "lake" and " pinḍ" ( پِنڈ ) meaning "village". The combination of the two words thus means "the village on the lake". Another explanation is that Rawalpindi literally means the "Village of Rawals" as it occupies the site of an old village inhabited by

504-525: A minimum of −3.9  °C (25  °F ) several occasions, though the last of which was in January 1967. Social structures in Rawalpindi's historic core centre around neighbourhoods, each known as a Mohallah . Each neighbourhood is served by a nearby bazaar (market) and mosque, which in turn serves as a place where people can gather for trade and manufacturing. Each Mohallah has narrow gallies (streets), and

588-540: A provision of Zia ul Haqs Islamization programme. A spate of bombings in September 1987 took place in the city killing 5 people, in attacks that are believed to have been orchestrated by agents of Afghanistan's communist government. On 10 April 1988, Rawalpindi's Ojhri Camp , an ammunition depot for Afghan mujahideen fighting against Soviet forces in Afghanistan, exploded and killed many in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. At

672-620: A run to the FA Cup semi-finals). At its commencement, the sponsorship by Foster's was the most lucrative sponsorship ever given to an English football club. The brand sponsored Formula One events regularly from 1986 to 2006. During this period it was the title sponsor for the Australian GP (1986–1993 and 2002–2006), the British GP (1990–1993 and 2000–2006) and the San Marino GP (2003–2006). It also

756-524: A small town, to the third largest city in Punjab by 1921. In 1868, 9,358 people lived in the city's cantonment – by 1891, the number rose to 37,870. In 1891, the city's population excluding the Cantonment was 34,153. The city was considered to be a favourite first posting for newly arrived soldiers from England, owing to the city's agreeable climate, and the nearby hill station of Murree . In 1901, Rawalpindi

840-465: A sugar content, (e.g. Bulimba ), as it implied a lighter less bitter brew than was commonly sold. (Rice malt and very light barley malts replaced sugar, which can be troublesome for brewers. ) The Tim Foster's yeast in use today was brought to Carlton in 1923 from Professor Jorgensen in Denmark. The lager is hopped with selected oil extracts of Super Pride of Ringwood hops , which like any modern beer,

924-529: A time the refuge of Shah Shuja , the exiled king of Afghanistan , and of his brother Shah Zaman in the early 19th century. Sikh ruler Maharaja Ranjit Singh allowed the son of Sardar Milkha Singh to continue as Governor of Rawalpindi, after Ranjit Singh seized the district in 1810. Sikh rule over Rawalpindi was consolidated by defeat of the Afghans at Haidaran in July 1813. The Sikh rulers allied themselves with some of

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1008-459: Is 2,098,231 in 2017. 84% of the population is Punjabi , 9% is Pashtun , and 7% is from other ethnic groups. 96.7% of Rawalpindi's population is Muslim, 3.1% is Christian, 0.2% belong to other religious groups. The city's Kohaati Bazaar is site of large Shia mourning-processions for Ashura . The neighbourhoods of Waris Shah Mohallah and Pir Harra Mohallah form the core of Muslim settlement in Rawalpindi's old city. Prior to partition there

1092-680: Is added after fermentation to minimise losses to the yeast sediment. The hop is sourced from the only two farms in Australia that grow it. The product is 4% ABV in Europe, Australia and India, and 5% in the US. The Latin American and European rights to the beer are owned by Heineken International , who brews and distributes a 4% ABV Foster's in most European countries. In the United States and Canada, rights to

1176-745: Is an internationally distributed brand of Australian lager . It is owned by the Japanese brewing group Asahi Group Holdings , and is brewed under licence in a number of countries, including its biggest market, the UK, where the European rights to the brand are owned by Heineken International . While Foster's is the largest-selling Australian beer brand in the world, it is not as popular and relatively rare compared with other beers in Australia , particularly when compared to current Carlton & United Breweries beers such as Victoria Bitter and Carlton Draught . Foster's

1260-463: Is highly variable due to the proximity of the city to the foothills of Himalayas. The average annual rainfall is 1,254.8 mm (49.40 in), most of which falls in the summer monsoon season. However, westerly disturbances also bring quite significant rainfall in the winter. In summer, the record maximum temperature has soared to 47.7  °C (118  °F ) recorded in June 1954, while it has dropped to

1344-575: Is now known as Liaquat Bagh Park . In 1958, Field Marshal Ayub Khan launched his coup d'etat from Rawalpindi. In 1959, the city became the interim capital of the country under Ayub Khan, who had sought the creation of a new planned capital of Islamabad in the vicinity of Rawalpindi. As a result, Rawalpindi saw most major central government offices and institutions relocate to nearby territory, and its population rapidly expand. The construction of Pakistan's new capital city of Islamabad in 1961 led to greater investment in Rawalpindi. Rawalpindi remained

1428-679: Is situated along the historic Grand Trunk Road that connects Peshawar to Islamabad and Lahore . The road is roughly paralleled by the M-1 Motorway between Peshawar and Rawalpindi, while the M-2 Motorway provides an alternate route to Lahore via the Salt Range . The Grand Trunk Road also provides access to the Afghan border via the Khyber Pass , with onwards connections to Kabul and Central Asia via

1512-626: Is socially and economically intertwined with Islamabad, and the greater metropolitan area . The city is also home to numerous suburban housing developments that serve as bedroom-communities for workers in Islamabad. In June 2015, the Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus , a new bus rapid transit line with various points in Islamabad , opened for service. Rawalpindi features a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cwa) with hot and wet summers,

1596-650: Is the largest in the Southern Hemisphere. CUB's Abbotsford Brewery (Abbot's Lager) now only supplies Victoria and South Australia. The Victoria (Vic Bitter) and Carlton (Carlton Draft) breweries were closed in the late 20th century and the CUB headquarters moved to Abbotsford. In late 2014 Foster's enjoyed some renewed success in the Australian market, due to returning to wide-release sale in Australian liquor stores with some renewed nostalgic brand recognition. Foster's lager

1680-663: Is under construction to connect Sukkur and Karachi as part of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor . The Hazara Motorway is also under construction as part of CPEC, and will provide control-access motorway travel all the way to Mansehra via the M-1 or Grand Trunk Road. Rawalpindi railway station in the Saddar neighbourhood serves as a stop along Pakistan's 1,687 kilometres (1,048 mi)-long Main Line-1 railway that connects

1764-681: The Calcutta Stock Exchange as early as 1902, and it is now the oldest continuing industrial enterprise of Pakistan and among the top 25 performing public companies on the Karachi Stock Exchange. Murree's biggest competitor is the Quetta Distillery, and its products have to increasingly vie with smuggled brands from the West and India. On 6 June 2012, Scout Willis , the daughter of Hollywood actors Bruce Willis and Demi Moore ,

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1848-634: The Kharoshthi script. To the southeast are the ruins of the Mankiala stupa – a second-century stupa where, according to the Jataka tales , a previous incarnation of the Buddha leapt off a cliff in order to offer his corpse to seven hungry tiger cubs. The nearby town of Taxila is thought to have been home to one of the early universities or education centres of South Asia. Sir Alexander Cunningham identified ruins on

1932-768: The M-1 Motorway . The motorway also links Rawalpindi to major cities in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, such as Charsadda and Mardan . The M-2 motorway offers high speed access to Lahore via the Potohar Plateau and Salt Range . The M-3 Motorway branches off from the M-2 at the city of Pindi Bhattian , where the M-3 offers onward connections to Faisalabad , and connects to the M-4 Motorway which continues onward to Multan and from there onwards to Sukkur . A new motorway network

2016-638: The Pothohar Plateau of northern Punjab, Rawalpindi remained a small town of little importance up until the 18th century. The region is known for its ancient heritage, for instance the neighbouring city of Taxila , a UNESCO World Heritage Site . In 1765, the ruling Gakhars were defeated and the city came under Sukerchakia Misl . During the Sikh-era , Rawalpindi, from a small regional town, became an important city in regards to trade and its strategic location within Punjab. The city's Babu Mohallah neighbourhood

2100-565: The Salang Pass . The Karakoram Highway provides access between Islamabad and western China, and an alternate route to Central Asia via Kashgar in the Chinese region of Xinjiang . The Islamabad Expressway connects Rawalpindi's eastern portions with the Rawal Lake and heart of Islamabad . The IJP Road separates Rawalpindi's northern edge from Islamabad. Rawalpindi is connected to Peshawar by

2184-551: The fourth most populous in Pakistan. It is located near the Soan River in north-western Punjab , and is the third-largest Punjabi-speaking city in the world. Rawalpindi is situated adjacent to Pakistan's capital Islamabad , and the two are jointly known as " twin cities " because of the social and economic links between them. Prior to Islamabad's establishment, Rawalpindi served as the country's capital from 1959 to 1967. Located on

2268-548: The "Murree Letter" published by the Pakistan Stock Exchange on 3 September 2016. Rawalpindi Rawalpindi ( / r ɔː l ˈ p ɪ n d i / ; Punjabi , Urdu : راولپنڈی , romanized :  Rāwalpinḍī ; pronounced [ɾɑːʋəlpɪnɖiː] ), colloquially known as Pindi , is the third-largest city in the Pakistani province of Punjab . It is a commercial and metropolitan city, being

2352-555: The 14th century. Situated along an invasion route, the settlement did not prosper and remained deserted until 1493, when Jhanda Khan Gakhar re-established the ruined town, and named it Rawal . During the Mughal era, Rawalpindi remained under the rule of the Ghakhar clan, who in turn pledged allegiance to the Mughal Empire. The city was developed as an important outpost in order to guard

2436-454: The 1940s, the controlling share or interest in the brewery was obtained by a Parsi , Peshton Bandhara, who used to run a liquor business in Lahore before Pakistani independence. His son, the late M.P. Bandhara later carried on the business and now it is being run by a grandson, Isphanyar M. Bandhara . In the 1960s the brewery imported oak casks from North America , Australia and Spain , and

2520-531: The British era, and the Municipality of Rawalpindi was constituted in 1867, while the city's population as per the 1868 census was 19,228, with another 9,358 people residing in the city's cantonment. The city was also connected to railways that offered connection to India and the northwest frontier in Peshawar in the 1880s. The Commissariat Steam Flour Mills were the first such mills in Punjab, and supplied most of

2604-634: The Foster's brand in Europe (including Turkey), the Russian Federation and other countries in the Commonwealth of Independent States for approximately £309 million. In August 2006, SABMiller , now owned by AB InBev , announced that it had bought back rights to the Foster's brand in India for a reported $ 120m from private investors. An unusual case emerged in 2015 when a New York consumer of Foster's Lager sued

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2688-594: The Kaanji Mal Ujagar Mal Ram Richpal Temple in the Kabarri Bazaar, are both currently used to house Kashmiri refugees. Mohan Temple in the Lunda Bazaar remains standing, but is abandoned and the building no longer used for any purpose. The city's "Shamshan Ghat" serves as the city's cremation grounds, and was partly renovated in 2012. The city's Babu Mohallah neighbourhood was once home to

2772-606: The Murree Brewery in Rawalpindi, Islamabad's twin city. In 2007, Murree became the Muslim world 's first distillery to make 20-year-old malt whisky named "Rarest Malt Whisky". But, according to law, it cannot be exported and cannot be consumed by 97% of the population of Pakistan as local law prohibits Muslims from drinking alcohol. However, the CEO of Murree Brewery claimed that "99 per cent of his customers are Muslims in Pakistan". In 1977,

2856-422: The Murree Brewery suffered a significant setback when Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto imposed a total alcohol prohibition in Pakistan. Subsequently, the government of President General Zia-ul-Haq amended this law, requiring anyone wishing to consume alcohol to present credentials demonstrating that they were non-Muslim. The small Christian , Hindu , and Parsi communities were not large enough to support

2940-585: The Rawals, a group of yogis ( ascetics ). Some accounts propose that a group of yogis arrived in this area with their leader, a head yogi named 'Rawal', and settled here with their followers. The region around Rawalpindi has been inhabited for thousands of years. Rawalpindi falls within the ancient boundaries of Gandhara , and is thus in a region containing many Buddhist ruins. In the region north-west of Rawalpindi, traces have been found of at least 55 stupas , 28 Buddhist monasteries, 9 temples, and various artifacts in

3024-629: The Sikh Empire surrendered to General Gilbert near Rawalpindi, ceding the city to the British. The Sikh Empire then came to an end on 29 March 1849. Following Rawalpindi's capture by the British East India Company, 53rd Regiment of the company army took quarters in the newly captured city. The decision to man a permanent military cantonment in the city was made in 1851 by the Marquess of Dalhousie . The city saw its first telegraph office in

3108-489: The South African and British conglomerate SABMiller , which in turn was incorporated into the multinational (Belgian, Brazilian, and American) Anheuser-Busch InBev in 2016. In 2019, Anheuser-Busch InBev agreed to sell CUB including Fosters to Asahi Breweries . The deal was completed in 2020. Advertising from the early 20th century claimed Foster's Lager was adjuncted with cane sugar. A number of breweries advertised

3192-439: The U.S. and Canada. Scottish & Newcastle launched Foster's Twist, a beer with a hint of citrus that was marketed as a refreshing alternative to other heavier beers and Premium Packaged Spirits such as Smirnoff Ice . Foster's Twist was 4.5% abv. It has since been withdrawn from the market. There also exists Foster's Super Chilled, which is served at a colder temperature and is available in pubs and bars. In 2008, Foster's

3276-463: The area in return. By 1921, Rawalpindi's cantonment had overshadowed the city – Rawalpindi was one of seven cities of Punjab in which over half the population lived in the cantonment district. Communal riots erupted between Rawalpindi's Sikh and Muslim communities in 1926 after Sikhs refused to silence music from a procession that was passing in front of a mosque. HMS  Rawalpindi was launched as an ocean liner in 1925 by Harland and Wolff ,

3360-523: The arrival of Sikhs fleeing political instability in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . The Shri Krishna Mandir is the only functional Hindu temple in Rawalpindi. It was built in the Kabarri Bazaar in 1897. Other temples are abandoned or were repurposed. Rawalpindi's large Kalyan Das Temple from 1880 has been used as the "Gov't. Qandeel Secondary School for the Blind" since 1973. The Ram Leela Temple in Kanak Mandi , and

3444-524: The beer in India. On 19 October 2016, the Lahore High Court heard the case between Kingsway Capital LLP and Murree Brewery Co. Ltd., where Kingsway Capital LLP petitioned the Murree Brewery Co. Ltd. EOGM of 29 September 2016 to be declared as invalid and unlawful. The petition was thereafter allowed. On 7 September 2016, Kingsway Fund replied to the Pakistan Stock Exchange regarding allegations in

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3528-567: The brand are owned by Molson Coors . Heineken also acquired Brasil Kirin which previously had the right to the beer in Latin America. In the UK, Foster's is produced by Heineken at the Royal Brewery in Manchester . Production of the Australian regular brand recommenced in 2014, but it was only briefly promoted. It had been in continuous production from November 1888 to about 2002, making it

3612-415: The brand did not prove to be popular and was eventually withdrawn from sale. The Foster's Group has tended to promote the brands of Carlton Draught (mainstream market) and Victoria Bitter (working class male market). The CUB Yatala Road Brewery south of Brisbane, the site of the former Power's Brewery , brews all CUB mainstream and contract beers that are sold outside of Victoria. The Yatala Brewery

3696-510: The brand was promoted in the UK by comedian Barry Humphries and his Private Eye character Barry McKenzie , a bumbling Foster's swilling Australian expatriate. Foster's Lager used the slogan "The Amber Nectar" in Australia and the UK, and "Australian for Beer", elsewhere overseas. The overseas advertising of the product often focuses on the Australian connotations of the beer, e.g. with reference to stereotypical Australian imagery such as kangaroos , exaggerated accents, and cork hats . This

3780-544: The brewer after – he claimed – discovering it was not brewed in Australia. He proposed a class action on the grounds of deceptive marketing. The suit cited advertising slogans such as 'Foster's Australian for Beer' and 'How to Speak Australian' were intended to trick consumers into believing the beer is made in Australia – which in turn meant the beer could be sold at a higher, premium price. A number of companies own marketing rights to Foster's including Heineken International in Latin America, Europe and CIS and Molson Coors in

3864-463: The city on account of Rawalpindi's heavily armed Sikhs. At the dawn of Pakistan's independence in 1947 following the success of the Pakistan Movement , Rawalpindi was 43.79% Muslim, while Rawalpindi District as a whole was 80% Muslim. The region, on account of its large Muslim majority, was thus awarded to Pakistan. Rawalpindi's Hindu and Sikh population, who had made up 33.72% and 17.32% of

3948-555: The city to the port city of Karachi to Peshawar . The stations is served by the Awam Express , Hazara Express , Islamabad Express , Jaffar Express , Khyber Mail trains, and serves as the terminus for the Margalla Express , Mehr Express , Rawal Express , Pakistan Express , Subak Raftar Express , Green Line Express , Sir Syed Express , Subak Kharam Express and Tezgam trains. Foster%27s Lager Foster's Lager

4032-414: The city, migrated en masse to the newly independent Dominion of India after anti-Hindu and anti-Sikh pogroms in western Punjab, while Muslim refugees from India settled in the city following anti-Muslim pogroms in eastern Punjab and northern India. In the years following independence, Rawalpindi saw an influx of Muhajir , Pashtun and Kashmiri settlers. Having been the largest British Cantonment in

4116-452: The city. A large market was opened in central Rawalpindi in 1883 by Sardar Sujan Singh, while the British further developed a shopping district for the city's elite known as Saddar with an archway built to commemorate Brigadier General Massey. Rawalpindi's cantonment became a major centre of military power of the Raj after an arsenal was established in 1883. Britain's army elevated the city from

4200-409: The early 1850s. The city's Garrison Church was built shortly after in 1854, and is the site where Robert Milman , Bishop of Calcutta, was buried following his death in Rawalpindi in 1876. The city was home to 15,913 people in the 1855 census. During the 1857 Sepoy Mutiny , the area's Gakhars and Janjua tribes remained loyal to the British. Numerous civil and military buildings were built during

4284-403: The enterprise, and production had to be scaled back. However, gradual relaxation of the prohibition laws has allowed Murree to introduce variations of Murree beer, vodka , gin , and whisky . Today, all Murree products are readily available in legal liquor shops that operate openly in Karachi in places like Zamzama and Defence . It is also available in the interior of Sindh . Murree Beer

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4368-415: The formation of a Muslim ministry within the Government of Punjab. Policemen fired upon protestors, while Hindus and Sikhs fought against weaker Muslim counter-protestors. The area's first Partition riots erupted the next day on 6 March 1947, when the city's Muslims, angered by the actions of Hindus and Sikhs and encouraged by the Pir of Golra Sharif , raided nearby villages after they were unable to do so in

4452-491: The frontiers of the Mughal realm. Gakhars fortified a nearby caravanserai , in the 16th century, transforming it into the Rawat Fort in order to defend the Pothohar plateau from Sher Shah Suri 's forces. Construction of the Attock Fort in 1581 after Akbar led a campaign against his brother Mirza Muhammad Hakim , further securing Rawalpindi's environs. In December 1585, the Emperor Akbar arrived in Rawalpindi, and remained in and around Rawalpindi for 13 years as he extended

4536-474: The frontiers of the empire, in an era described as a "glorious period" in his career as Emperor. With the onset of chaos and rivalry between Gakhar chiefs after the death of Kamal Khan in 1559, Rawalpindi was awarded to Said Khan by the Mughal Emperor. Emperor Jehangir visited the royal camp in Rawalpindi in 1622, where he first learned of Shah Abbas I of Persia 's plan to invade Kandahar . Rawalpindi declined in importance as Mughal power declined, until

4620-435: The greater metropolitan area . The city is also home to numerous suburban housing developments that serve as bedroom-communities for workers in Islamabad. As home to the GHQ of the Pakistan Army and PAF Base Nur Khan , and with connections to the M-1 and M-2 motorways, Rawalpindi is a major logistics and transportation centre for northern Pakistan. The city is also home to historic havelis and temples, and serves as

4704-407: The grouping of houses around short lanes and cul-de-sacs lends a sense of privacy and security to residents of each neighbourhood. Major intersections in the neighbourhood are each referred to as a chowk . Rawalpindi is relatively a new city contrasted with Pakistan's millennia-old cities such as Lahore , Multan , and Peshawar . South of Rawalpindi's historic core, and across the Lai Nullah, are

4788-446: The headquarters of the Pakistani Army after the capital shifted to Islamabad in 1969, while the Pakistan Air Force continues to maintain an airbase in the Chaklala district of Rawalpindi. The military dictatorship of General Zia ul Haq hanged Pakistan's deposed Prime Minister , Zulfikar Ali Bhutto , in Rawalpindi in 1979. In 1980, tens of thousands of Shia protestors led by Mufti Jaffar Hussain marched to Rawalpindi to protest

4872-542: The headquarters of the Rawalpindi Division of British Punjab , this elevated Rawalpindi's status to one the largest metropolitan centres in colonial Punjab. Following the partition of British India in 1947, the city became home to the headquarters of the Pakistan Army . In 1951, the Rawalpindi conspiracy took place in which leftist army officers conspired to depose the first elected- Prime Minister of Pakistan , Liaquat Ali Khan . Rawalpindi later became site of Liaquat Ali Khan's assassination . On 27 December 2007, it

4956-433: The local Gakhar tribes, and jointly defeated Syed Ahmad Barelvi at Akora Khattak in 1827, and again in 1831 in Balakot . Jews first arrived in Rawalpindi's Babu Mohallah neighbourhood from Mashhad , Persia in 1839, in order to flee from anti-Jewish laws instituted by the Qajar dynasty. In 1841, Diwan Kishan Kaur was appointed Sardar of Rawalpindi. On 14 March 1849, Sardar Chattar Singh and Raja Sher Singh of

5040-431: The longest-lived beer label in Australia. Once a "premium" brand, Foster's Lager has been bypassed by the Foster's Group's favoured premium brands of Carlton Crown Lager and Stella Artois . In Australia until the end of the 1970s, Foster's Lager was a reasonably popular bottled and canned beer with a somewhat premium image. Then in the early 1980s there were major changes in the Australian brewing industry, including

5124-526: The merger of Castlemaine (Brisbane), Swan (Perth) and Toohey's (Sydney) into a national brewing group, as a result of acquisitions by Perth entrepreneur Alan Bond . Faced with inroads into its non-Victorian markets, Carlton and United Beverages (CUB) reviewed its product range and attempted to re-position some of its brands. Foster's Draught was introduced, served on tap alongside established draught brands such as Castlemaine XXXX and Toohey's Draught. Despite some initial success, bolstered by heavy advertising,

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5208-418: The needs of British cantonments throughout Punjab. Rawalpindi's cantonment served as a feeder to other cantonments throughout the region. Rawalpindi flourished as a commercial centre, though the city remained largely devoid of an industrial base during the British era. A large portion of Kashmir's external trade passing through the city; in 1885, 14% of Kashmir's exports, and 27% of its imports passed through

5292-435: The region at the dawn of Pakistan's independence, Rawalpindi was chosen as headquarters for the Pakistani Army, despite the fact that Karachi had been selected as the first capital. In 1951, the Rawalpindi conspiracy took place in which leftist army officers conspired to depose the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan , Liaquat Ali Khan . Rawalpindi later became the site of the Liaquat Ali Khan's assassination, in what

5376-413: The same company which built RMS  Titanic . The ship was converted into an armed vessel, and was sunk in October 1939. Scientists from Porton Down carried out poison gas tests on British Indian Army soldiers during the Rawalpindi experiments over the course of more than a decade beginning in the 1930s. On 5 March 1947, members of Rawalpindi's Hindu and Sikh communities took a procession against

5460-416: The site of the Rawalpindi Cantonment as the ancient city of Ganjipur (or Gajnipur), the capital of the Bhatti tribe in the ages preceding the Christian era. The first mention of Rawalpindi's earliest settlement dates from when Mahmud of Ghazni destroyed Rawalpindi and the town was restored by Gakhar chief Kai Gohar in the early 11th century. The town fell into decay again after Mongol invasions in

5544-406: The time, the New York Times reported more than 93 were killed and another 1,100 wounded; many believe that the toll was much higher. Riots erupted in Rawalpindi in 1992 as mobs attacked Hindu temples in retaliation for the destruction of the Babri Masjid in India. On 27 December 2007, Rawalpindi was the site of the assassination of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto . Modern Rawalpindi

5628-455: The town was captured in the mid-1760s from Muqarrab Khan by the Sikhs under Sardar Gujjar Singh and his son Sahib Singh. The city's administration was handed to Sardar Milkha Singh, who then invited traders from the neighbouring commercial centers of Jhelum and Shahpur to settle in the territory in 1766. The city then began to prosper, although the population in 1770 is estimated to have been only about 300 families. Rawalpindi became for

5712-429: The underground cellars now hold over half a million litres of malt whisky for varying periods of maturation up to 12 years. Murree brewery produces a single malt whisky . A new beer canning and modern bottle filling facility were installed in the 1990s, imported from Germany . In 2001, the brewery had been temporarily closed for producing too much polluting waste. Authorities slapped the environmental protection order on

5796-494: The wide lanes of the Rawalpindi Cantonment. With tree-lined avenues and historic architecture, the cantonment was the main European area developed during British colonial rule. British colonialists also built the Saddar Bazaar south of the historic core, which served as a retail center geared towards Europeans in the city. Beyond the cantonment are the large suburban housing developments that serve as bedroom communities for Islamabad's commuter population. The population of Rawalpindi

5880-436: Was a majority Hindu and Sikh city prior to the Partition of India in 1947, combined composing 51.05 percent of the total population according to the 1941 census. The same census detailed Muslims made up 43.79 percent of the total population. The Baba Dyal Singh Gurdwara in Rawalpindi was where the reformist Nirankari movement of Sikhism originated. The city still has a small Sikh population, but has been bolstered by

5964-525: Was a sizable Sikh and Hindu community living in Rawalpindi. Today, the city is still home to a few hundred Hindu families. Despite the fact that the vast majority of the city's Hindus fled en masse to India after Partition, most Hindu temples in the old city remain standing, although in disrepair and often abandoned. Many of the old city's neighbourhoods continue to bear Hindu and Sikh names, such as Krishanpura, Aria Mohallah, Akaal Garh, Mohanpura, Amarpura, Kartarpura, Bagh Sardaraan, Angatpura. Rawalpindi

6048-530: Was arrested in New York City and jailed overnight for drinking a beer, manufactured by Murree Brewery. This incident resulted in free publicity for the company via word-of-mouth marketing , leading in to line up various distributors in the USA and Dubai as part of its expansion plans. In 2013, Murree Brewery opened a franchise in India to a Bangalore -based entrepreneur, allowing the brewing, bottling and marketing of

6132-504: Was considered to be CUB's premium brand. In 1958, steel cans were introduced. Foster's Lager was first imported into the UK in 1971 and was launched in the US in 1972. Commencing 1981, the brand was brewed under licence in the UK by Watney Mann and Truman Brewers. In 1986, Courage Brewery obtained the rights to brew and distribute Foster's alongside Watney Mann and Truman Brewers, which Courage took over in 1990. In 2011, CUB and its product lines, including Foster's, were bought by

6216-659: Was created by two American brothers, William M. and Ralph R. Foster, who arrived in Melbourne from New York in 1886. The brothers began brewing Foster's Lager in November 1888. It was made available to the public from February 1889. The product was first exported in 1901, when bottles were sent to Australian combatants in the Boer War . In 1907, the company merged with five other brewing companies to form Carlton & United Breweries (CUB). Then only available in bottles, Foster's Lager

6300-462: Was established in 1860 to meet the demands of British military and civilian personnel at Ghora Gali near the resort town of Murree . The Brewery was managed by the family of Edward Dyer. He was the father of Colonel Reginald Dyer , the British army officer who was infamously responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre . In the 1880s the company established a further brewery in Rawalpindi and

6384-464: Was initially being produced in Austria for European markets and was available in various Pakistani and Indian restaurants, an enterprise which has since ceased since 2004. The current CEO, Isphanyar Bhandara has announced plans to pursue co-brewing with Foster's , but this scheme is still in development. The Murree Brewery is one of the oldest public companies of South Asia . Its shares were traded on

6468-428: Was introduced with a widget called a "scuba" placed into the can to ensure good mixing. This variant is only currently available in the UK. In the UK, customers are also able to purchase a keg of Foster's for private parties, collecting and returning the keg at a participating store or public house. Also, there is Fosters Gold which has a slightly higher alcohol percentage of 4.5% sold only in bottles. From 1964,

6552-483: Was made the winter headquarters of the Northern Command and of the Rawalpindi military division. Riots broke out against British rule in 1905, following a famine in Punjab that peasants were led to believe was a deliberate act. During World War I , Rawalpindi District "stood first" among districts in recruiting for the British war effort, with greater financial assistance from the British government channeled into

6636-483: Was marketed as "Foster's Classic" and sold in 375ml cans with 4.0% ABV. In November 2020, CUB announced that it would "relaunch" the brand in Australia, boosting local production by 300% and price it competitively against rival brands. In Australia in 2024 CUB decided not to produce the original Foster's Lager 4.9% version. It has been replaced replaced by Foster's Classic 4.0% version. In April 2006, Scottish & Newcastle plc announced that it had agreed to acquire

6720-521: Was once home to a community of Jewish traders who had fled Mashhad , Persia, in the 1830s. Punjab was conquered by the East India Company in 1849, in the aftermath of Second Anglo-Sikh War , and in the late 19th century Rawalpindi became the largest garrison town of the British Indian Army 's Northern command as its climate suited the British authorities. The city was established as

6804-569: Was opened on 4 June 2015, and stretches 22.5 kilometres between Pak Secretariat , in Islamabad , and Saddar in Rawalpindi. The second stage stretches 25.6 kilometres between the Peshawar Morr Interchange and New Islamabad International Airport and was inaugurated on 18 April 2022. The system uses e-ticketing and an Intelligent Transportation System and is managed by the Punjab Mass Transit Authority . Rawalpindi

6888-564: Was the prime sponsor and trackside sponsor of many other Grands Prix during this time. The brand was also used in a sponsorship deal with the A1 Team Australia from 2005 to 2007. The UK division of the Foster's brand has focused on cultivating comedy-centric advertising and sponsorship arrangements and on 9 November 2011 they launched a trailer for their sponsored, online-only version of the hit 90s' television show The Fast Show . The six weekly episodes started on 10 November and featured

6972-413: Was the site of the assassination of former prime minister Benazir Bhutto . Construction of Pakistan's new purpose-built national capital city of Islamabad in 1961 led to greater investment in the city provided by Imf and local banks, as well as a brief stint as the country's capital before the completion of Islamabad. Modern Rawalpindi is socially and economically intertwined with Islamabad, and

7056-414: Was true of a campaign in the 1980s fronted by the Australian comedian Paul Hogan . The 2009 campaign for Foster's contains two 40-second adverts, "Backpacker" and "Deep Sea"; both end with the slogan, "Foster's – get some Australian in you." The Foster's Lager brand was used as an advertising sponsorship deal with Norwich City F.C. from 1986 to 1989 (a period which included two top five finishes and

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