Murcian ( endonym : murciano ) is a variant of Peninsular Spanish , spoken mainly in the autonomous community of Murcia and the adjacent comarcas of Vega Baja del Segura and Alto Vinalopó in the province of Alicante ( Valencia ), the corridor of Almansa in Albacete (Castile-La Mancha). In a greater extent, it may also include some areas that were part of the former Kingdom of Murcia , such as southeastern Albacete (now part of Castile La Mancha) and parts of Jaén and Almería (now part of Andalusia).
14-460: The linguistic varieties of Murcian form a dialect continuum with Eastern Andalusian and Manchego Peninsular Spanish. Murcian is considered a separate language of Spanish by some of its native speakers and by proponents Murcianism , who call it llengua murciana . The term panocho is also used to designate the Murcian language, however it mostly refers to the variety spoken in the comarca of
28-416: A Murcian accent involve the heavy reduction of syllable -final consonants, as well as the frequent loss of /d/ from the suffixes -ado/ada, -ido/-ida . No non-nasal consonants are permitted in word-final position. As is typical of Spanish, syllable-final nasals are neutralized, and assimilate to the place of articulation of a following consonant. In Murcian, as in many other varieties, the word-final nasal
42-485: A following /r/ and become a tapped [ɾ] before any other consonant. In casual speech, syllable- and word-final /s/ is never pronounced as a sibilant [s] . It is usually elided entirely or forms part of a geminate, although in areas bordering Andalusia it may be debuccalized , pronounced as an [h] . While the word para is frequently realized as pa' in all Spanish varieties, in Murcian Spanish this
56-439: A geminated second element: [pp, dd, kk, ɡɡ, mm, nn, ll] (with [ðð] being an alternative to [dd] ). This produces minimal pairs differentiated by consonant length, such as cisne [ˈθinne] 'swan' vs. cine [ˈθine] 'cinema'. This process also occurs across word boundaries, as in los nenes [lɔnˈnɛnɛ] 'the kids'. Syllable-final /r/ can assimilate to a following /l/ or /n/ , while syllable-final /l/ may assimilate to
70-449: Is -icho , which is likely related to -ico . Murcian nationalism The Murcian nationalism or Murcianism ( Spanish : Nacionalismo murciano, murcianismo ) is a nationalist school of thought affirming the Murcian nation, as a people. The Murcianism defends the land of Murcia, the set of territories of Murcian culture and language, broadly identified with the basin of
84-403: Is completely inaccurate for [ a ] , which is not only more back than [ æ ] but also lower than it. Thus, the contrast between mañanas /maˈɲanas/ and the singular form mañana /maˈɲana/ 'morning' surfaces as a contrast of vowel quality: [mæˈɲænæ, maˈɲana] , rather than the presence of terminal [s] in the former word. Some authors have questioned whether the opening of
98-430: Is much more widespread, being more common among the upper classes and in more formal situations than in other zones. In older working-class rural speech, syllable-final /s/ surfaces as [ ɾ ] before word-initial consonants (particularly the voiced plosives and /n/ ), as in los vasos [lɔɾ ˈβæsɔ] 'the glasses'. /b, d, ɡ/ are lenited after this allophone. The replacement of [ s ] with [ ɾ ]
112-529: Is overwhelmingly dominant among the people of Murcia. Open-mid front unrounded vowel Legend: unrounded • rounded The open-mid front unrounded vowel , or low-mid front unrounded vowel , is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages . The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is the Latin epsilon , a Latinized variant of
126-429: Is perceived as a very marked feature of rural Murcian, and it is disapproved of by the local population. There are linguistic phenomena characteristic of traditional Murcian speech, many of which are or were usual in other linguistic varieties (Aragonese, Mozarabic, Catalan, Andalusian, etc.): The vowel system of Murcian Spanish is essentially the same of Eastern Andalusian. The open-mid vowels [ ɛ , ɔ ] as well as
140-688: Is typically realized as a velar [ ŋ ] when not followed by a consonant. Non-liquid, non-nasal postvocalic consonants in the syllable coda assimilate to both the place and the manner of articulation of the following consonant, producing a geminate . For instance, historical /pt/ , /kt/ and /st/ all fall together as /tt/ , rendering cacto 'cactus', casto 'chaste' and capto 'I understand' homophonous as [ˈkatto] . Historical /kst/ also joins this neutralization, rendering sexta 'sixth' (f.) homophonous with secta 'sect' as [ˈsetta] . Other historical postvocalic clusters affected by this include /sp, sd, sk, sɡ, sm, sn, sl/ , in each case producing
154-729: The Huerta de Murcia [ es ] . Murcian emerged from the mixture of several linguistic varieties that joined together after the Kingdom of Murcia was conquered by the Crown of Aragon and the Crown of Castile and populated with principally northeastern settlers between the 13th and 14th centuries. The linguistic varieties were mainly Tudmir 's Romance (a type of Andalusi Romance ), Arabic , Aragonese , Old Castilian and Occitano - Catalan . In modern times Murcian has also been influenced by French and Caló . The most notable characteristics of
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#1732863366551168-886: The Segura river . The Kingdom of Murcia was once located here. The Murcianism claims recognition and normalization of the Murcian language . This language is as a matter of fact the Catalan dialect spoken in the El Carche mountain region of North-East Murcia. After 1978 the political Murcianism has been represented by several parties (Partido del País Murciano, Partido Regionalista Murciano, Partido Murcianista, Nueva Región, Unión de los Pueblos de Múrcia, Unión Democrática de la Región de Murcia-Coalición Ciudadana Regional). Although n has achieved representation in an autonomous Parliament conditioned by an electoral system. The feeling of belonging to Spain
182-427: The high vowels /i, u/ is significant (cfr., e.g., Zubizarreta, 1979, Poch / Llisterri, 1986, Sanders, 1994), while others argue that, although the opening is less than in the case of middle and low vowels, it is entirely relevant (cfr., e.g., Alonso / Canellada / Zamora Vicente, 1950, Mondéjar, 1979, Alarcos, 1983). In any case, the opening of these final high vowels also triggers vowel harmony. The diminutive suffix
196-441: The open front [ æ ] are realizations of /eC, oC, aC/ (where ⟨ C ⟩ stands for any consonant other than /n/ or /d/ ) in the syllable coda. Due to vowel harmony , the close-mid [ e , o ] and the open central [ ä ] (hereafter transcribed without the diacritic) are banned from occurring in any syllable preceding that with [ ɛ , ɔ , æ ] . This change is sometimes called vowel opening , but this
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