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75-576: Mucky Duck may refer to: Mucky duck, colloquial term for black swans Mucky Duck Bush Band , the Western Australian bush band McGonigel's Mucky Duck, a live music venue in Houston where Clandestine debuted Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Mucky Duck . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

150-571: A 1981 Queen's Birthday commemorative illustrating Her Majesty's personal flag (which is banner of the shield in the Australian Arms). Images of the black swan played only a minor role in the development of Australian decorative arts between the 1890s and World War One. This was a period when Australian flora and fauna decorative motifs were widely used for the first time. Images of lyrebirds , sea horses , waratahs , flannel flowers , firewheels, cockatoos and palm leaves feature prominently in

225-456: A 43-cent stamp showing a pair of black swans nesting with cygnets. This is the only philatelic recognition of the black swan's cultural values in eastern Australia as an emblem of estuarine and riverine environments characteristic of south-eastern Australia. Incidental philatelic illustrations of the black swan include the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games (held in Perth) stamp issue bearing

300-400: A black swan taken from one of the colonial stamp designs, marked the state's centenary. In 1954, the centenary of the first Western Australian stamp was marked by a commemorative issue in a similar style to the original one-penny Black Swan. In 1979, the state's 150th anniversary was marked with an issue featuring the anniversary logo, a stylised black swan. A 1991 series of waterbirds included

375-400: A black swan, or in other words, as a black swan was not thought to exist, neither did the supposed characteristics of the "rare bird" with which it was being compared. The phrase passed into several European languages as a popular proverb , including English, in which the first four Latin words ("a rare bird in the land") are often used ironically. For some 1,500 years, the black swan existed in

450-462: A descriptive toponym in four states, usually as a "name cluster". Queensland has a Black Swan Creek near Gladstone , together with nearby Black Swan Island and a Black Swan Rock further south near Shoalwater Bay ; another Black Swan Creek near Maryborough ; and a Black Swan Lagoon inland on the Darling Downs near Warwick . New South Wales has a Black Swan Anabranch adjoining a Black Swan Lagoon on

525-538: A differenced version of the University Arms in 1991. Authorities with assumed arms showing a black swan include Royal Perth Hospital (1936, charge), and the University of Western Australia residential colleges of St Thomas More (charge), Currie Hall (charge) and St Catherine's (charge). Religious authorities have also used representations of the black swan in their heraldic emblems. Of the two largest denominations in

600-425: A lagoon, caught a baby bunyip . Instead of returning the baby to the water, he wanted to take the bunyip back to the camp to boast of his fishing prowess, against the urging of his friends. Before he could do anything, the angry mother bunyip rose from the water, flooding swirling water around them, and took back her baby. As the water receded, the men found that they had been changed into black swans. As punishment for

675-723: A lone "Swan" street name in Darwin . The rarer form of Cygnet ("young swan") occasionally occurs. The Gazetteer of Australia records eleven in Tasmania (the densest concentration), five in South Australia and one in Victoria, but Reed's only example is Cygnet, Tasmania , anglicised from Port des Cygnes, so-named by the French explorer Bruni d'Entrecasteaux in 1793 because of the large number of swans he observed there. Another cultural association

750-542: A mine and reservoir near St Arnaud , on the Victorian goldfields. A clear concentration is evident in New South Wales and Tasmania. By contrast, the toponymist Reed lists only three examples: Swan Hill and Swan Pond in Victoria, and Swan Point in Tasmania (all named by explorers after sighting black swans in large numbers). In Sydney, there are thirteen "Swan" street names and one "Black Swan" street name, in contrast to

825-408: A mountain in a boat as the clouds lifted the waters, and then asked for an oracle, and then little by little spirit warmed the soft stones and Pyrrha showed naked girls to their husbands, whatever men do—prayer, fear, rage, pleasure, joy, running about—is the gist of my little book. Juvenal claims as his purview, the entire gamut of human experience since the dawn of history. Quintilian—in

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900-455: A period of exile in his life, yet it appears in every extant traditional biography. Many scholars think the idea to be a later invention; the Satires do display some knowledge of Egypt and Britain, and it is thought that this gave rise to the tradition that Juvenal was exiled. Others, however—particularly Gilbert Highet —regard the exile as factual, and these scholars also supply a concrete date for

975-604: A person who fancies he sees a swan on a river but finds it to be only a goose. The phrase is sometimes reversed (as Moore has done): "All his geese are swans", which was commonly applied to people who think too much of the beauty and talent of their children and derived from Aesop 's fable "The Eagle and the Owl". In Gaito Gazdanov 's short story Black Swans (1930) the protagonist commits suicide because he has no opportunity of moving to Australia, which he imagines to be an idealised paradise of graceful black swans. D. H. Lawrence wrote in

1050-503: A rhetorical persona (mask), taken up by the author to critique the very attitudes he appears to be exhibiting in his works. In any case it would be an error to read the Satires as a literal account of normal Roman life and thought in the late first and early second centuries CE, just as it would be an error to give credence to every slander recorded in Suetonius against the members of prior imperial dynasties . Themes similar to those of

1125-430: A valuable source about early Judaism . The Satires have inspired many authors, including Samuel Johnson , who modeled his " London " on Satire III and his " The Vanity of Human Wishes " on Satire X . Alexander Theroux , whose novels are rife with vicious satire, identified Juvenal as his most important influence. Juvenal also provided a source for the name for a forensically important beetle, Histeridae . Juvenal

1200-441: A vital source for the study of ancient Rome from a number of perspectives, although their comic mode of expression makes it problematic to accept the content as strictly factual. At first glance the Satires could be read as a critique of Rome. Details of the author's life cannot be reconstructed definitively. The Vita Iuvenalis (Life of Juvenal), a biography of the author that became associated with his manuscripts no later than

1275-752: A yellow outline). The 1978 variation of the WA jumper was used one-off by the West Coast Eagles in the Australian Football League Heritage Round in July 2007. Juvenal Juvenal wrote at least 16 poems in the verse form dactylic hexameter . These poems cover a range of Roman topics. This follows Lucilius —the originator of the Roman satire genre, and it fits within a poetic tradition that also includes Horace and Persius . The Satires are

1350-437: Is considered more plausible by contemporary scholars). If he was exiled by Domitian, then it is possible that he was one of the political exiles recalled during the brief reign of Nerva . It is impossible to tell how much of the content of these traditional biographies is fiction and how much is fact. Large parts clearly are mere deduction from Juvenal's writings, but some elements appear more substantial. Juvenal never mentions

1425-415: Is contrasted with the innocent white swan, Odette. The coat of arms of Western Australia includes a black swan as the principal charge on the shield. A black swan on a gold plate or disk has been the official badge of the state since 1876, and is shown on the flag of Western Australia . The coat of arms of Australia (1912 version) shows, in its fifth quarter, the black swan on a gold field, representing

1500-435: Is correct, then the inscription does show that Juvenal's family was reasonably wealthy, and that, if the poet really was the son of a foreign freedman, then his descendants assimilated into the Roman class structure more quickly than typical. Green thinks it more likely that the tradition of the freedman father is false, and that Juvenal's ancestors had been minor nobility of Roman Italy of relatively ancient descent. Juvenal

1575-641: Is credited with sixteen known poems divided among five books ; all are in the Roman genre of satire, which, at its most basic in the time of the author, comprised a wide-ranging discussion of society and social mores in dactylic hexameter . In Satire I , concerning the scope and content of his work, Juvenal says: ex quo Deucalion nimbis tollentibus aequor nauigio montem ascendit sortesque poposcit paulatimque anima caluerunt mollia saxa et maribus nudas ostendit Pyrrha puellas, quidquid agunt homines, uotum, timor, ira, uoluptas, gaudia, discursus, nostri farrago libelli est. Back from when Deucalion climbed

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1650-510: Is reflected in the scattering of shipwrecks named "Black Swan". Tasmania has a wrecked schooner (1830) off Prime Seal Island in the Bass Strait and a wrecked fishing boat (1950) off Swansea on the east coast. New South Wales has two wrecks off its northern coast: a cutter near Newcastle (1852) and a paddle steamer (1868) near the Manning River . The name "Black Swan" probably refers to

1725-691: Is the source of many well-known maxims, including: ASICS, the footwear and sports equipment manufacturing company, is named after the acronym of the Latin phrase "anima sana in corpore sano" (a sound mind in a sound body) from Satire X by Juvenal (10.356). In his autobiography, the German writer Heinrich Böll notes that in the high school he attended when growing up under Nazi rule, an anti-Nazi teacher paid special attention to Juvenal: "Mr. Bauer realized how topical Juvenal was, how he dealt at length with such phenomena as arbitrary government, tyranny, corruption,

1800-624: Is widely referenced in Australian culture , although the character of that importance historically diverges between the prosaic in the east and the symbolic in the west . The black swan is also of spiritual significance in the traditional histories of many Aboriginal Australian peoples across southern Australia. Metaphoric references to black swans have appeared in European culture since long before Europeans became aware of Cygnus atratus in Australia in

1875-617: The 21st Fusiliers was the first European to travel overland from Pinjarra to Busselton , describing the mudflats of the Leschenault Estuary at sunset covered by "...immense flocks of brown ducks and teal, while the water was equally covered with swans and pelicans." The early colonist George Fletcher Moore included in his 1831 ballad "So Western Australia for Me" the lines: The final line recalls an old English saying: "All his swans are turned to geese", meaning all his expectations end in nothing; all his boasting ends in smoke, like

1950-604: The Anglican Diocese of Gippsland and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sale , have a black swan as a charge on their diocesan arms. The transfer of postage-stamp production from the states to the Commonwealth in 1913 has resulted in four issues being produced featuring a black swan design, three commemorating a Western Australian anniversary. In 1929, a stamp designed by Perth architect George Pitt Morrison , featuring

2025-619: The Great Southern region , to the iconic Swan River. The Swan River is the source of at least eight shift names, forming the largest swan place-name cluster in Australia: Upper Swan , Middle Swan , Swan Valley , Swan View , West Swan , Swan Estuary, Swan District, and the City of Swan . The Swan Land District is the major cadastral unit of the state, underlying much of the name cluster. There are at least twenty "Swan" street names in

2100-711: The Perth metropolitan area . There are no "White Swan" toponyms in the state, and the toponymist Reed lists only the Swan River as a "Swan" toponym in the state. The rarer form of Cygnet ("young swan") only occurs in three places, all along the Kimberley coast, where they commemorate the passage of William Dampier and the mutineers on the Cygnet in 1688. With one-third of Australia's continental coastline within Western Australia,

2175-522: The Premier of Western Australia refers to Nyungar lore of how the ancestors of the Nyungar people were once black swans who became men. The Dreamtime story of the black swans tells how two brothers were turned into white swans so they could help an attack party during a raid for weapons. It is said that Wurrunna used a large gubbera , or crystal stone, to transform the men. After the raid, eaglehawks attacked

2250-491: The Satires are present in authors spanning the period of the late Roman Republic and early empire ranging from Cicero and Catullus to Martial and Tacitus; similarly, the stylistics of Juvenal's text fall within the range of post-Augustan literature, as represented by Persius , Statius , and Petronius . Juvenal's Satires , giving several accounts of Jewish life in first-century Rome, have been regarded by scholars, such as J. Juster and, more recently, Peter Nahon, as

2325-699: The Talbragar River , Berrima ( Tharawal or Gundungurra language) in the Southern Highlands, and Mulgoa (Gundungurra language) on the Nepean River , all in New South Wales; and Maroochydore on Queensland 's Sunshine Coast (Yuggera language: Muru-kutchi – meaning "red bill", the name of the black swan). Maroochydore is from Murukutchi-dha, the place of the black swan. This name was given by Andrew Petrie in 1842, who had two Brisbane River (Yuggera) Aboriginal men with him from whom he presumably heard

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2400-784: The Western Australian Bank in 1927. In the same year, the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons was granted arms with a black swan in the first and fourth quarters, apparently derived from the Australian Arms. In 1965, the Australian Academy of Science was granted arms with a black swan as a crest, alluding to the Academy's "Australianness" and its location in Canberra. Two religious authorities in eastern Victoria,

2475-472: The 18th century. The black swan is the official state emblem of Western Australia and is depicted on the flag and coat of arms of Western Australia. The symbol is used in other emblems, coins, logos, mascots and in the naming of sports teams. Daisy Bates recorded a nyoongar man called Woolberr "last of the black swan group" of the Nyungar people of south-western Australia in the 1920s. The website of

2550-495: The 1925 short story "The Heritage": Mollie Skinner , Lawrence's co-author of The Boy in the Bush also wrote the novel Black Swans , published in 1925 by Jonathan Cape in London. She uses Juvenal's phrase " rara avis in terris, nigroque simillima cygno " ("a rare bird in the lands, and very like a black swan") as its subtitle. It alludes to her heroine, Letty Granville. The potency of

2625-461: The 1980s. Several state authorities have also been granted arms showing a black swan: St George's College at the University of Western Australia (1964, charges), Fremantle Port Authority (1965, crest), and the University of Western Australia (1972, charges). The university had used an assumed version of these arms since 1913, and the university's student guild reaffirmed its assumption and use of

2700-519: The Arms of the City of Perth with black swan supporters and charge, a 1963 commemorative of Canberra's founding featuring the city's arms, with black swan supporter, and the 1990 series of rare colonial stamps that included a reproduction of the colonial 4d Blue Inverted Swan. The black swan appears in stamp issues illustrating the Australian Arms (as one of the charges on the shield) in 1948, 1951, 1975 and 1999; and in

2775-610: The Australian Capital Territory . No other state or territory arms in eastern Australia include a black swan. Some 77 municipalities across eastern Australia have received grants of arms from the Crown since 1908, but only four include a black swan: Lake Macquarie (1970, supporter) and Queanbeyan (1980, supporter) in New South Wales, and Springvale (1976, supporter) and Sale (1985, supporters) in Victoria . These all indicate

2850-595: The European imagination as a metaphor for that which could not exist. The Dutch explorer Willem de Vlamingh made the first European record of sighting a black swan in 1697, when he sailed into, and named, the Swan River on the western coast of New Holland . The sighting was significant in Europe, where "all swans are white" had long been used as a standard example of a well-known truth. In 1726, two birds were captured near Dirk Hartog Island , 850 kilometres (530 mi) north of

2925-421: The Swan River, and taken to Batavia (now Jakarta ) as proof of their existence. Governor Phillip , soon after establishing the convict settlement some sixty years later and 3,000 kilometres (1,900 mi) away at Botany Bay on the east coast, wrote in 1789 that "A black swan, which species, though proverbially rare in other parts of the world, is here by no means uncommon ... a very noble bird, larger than

3000-423: The aquatic characteristics of black swans such as buoyancy and a graceful style, even though the shipwreck record suggests the hope in the name association was not always well founded. There are five records for the more generic "Swan" between 1836 and 1934: one in Tasmania, and two each in Victoria and New South Wales, including torpedo-boat destroyer HMAS Swan , scuttled in 1934. In Australian rules football ,

3075-425: The attribution of sinister relationships between the devil and black-coloured animals, such as a black cat . Black swans were considered to be a witch's familiar and often chased away or killed by superstitious folk. This may explain why black swans have never established a sizeable presence as feral animals in Europe or North America. While the European encounter with the black swan along Australia's west coast in

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3150-527: The biographies place his exile in Egypt, with the exception of one that opts for Scotland. Only one of these traditional biographies supplies a date of birth for Juvenal: it gives 55 CE, which most probably is speculation, but accords reasonably well with the rest of the evidence. Other traditions have him surviving for some time past the year of Hadrian 's death (138 CE). Some sources place his death in exile, others have him being recalled to Rome (the latter of which

3225-445: The common swan, and equally beautiful in form ... its wings were edged with white: the bill was tinged with red." A contemporary, Surgeon-General John White , observed in 1790, "We found nine birds, that, whilst swimming, most perfectly resembled the rara avis of the ancients, a black swan." The taking of black swans to Europe in the 18th and early 19th centuries brought the birds into contact with another aspect of European mythology:

3300-399: The consistent descriptions of the life of the client he bemoans in the Satires . The only other biographical evidence available is a dedicatory inscription said to have been found at Aquinum in the nineteenth century, which consists of the following text: Scholars usually are of the opinion that this inscription does not relate to the poet: a military career would not fit well with

3375-433: The context of a discussion of literary genres appropriate for an oratorical education—claimed that, unlike so many literary and artistic forms adopted from Greek models, "satire at least is all ours" ( satura quidem tota nostra est ). At least in the view of Quintillian, earlier Greek satiric verse (e.g. that of Hipponax ) or even Latin satiric prose (e.g. that of Petronius ) did not constitute satura , per se. Roman Satura

3450-568: The cultural associations reflected in the scattering of shipwrecks named "Black Swan" is surprisingly small. A lone cutter was wrecked in May 1851 in the Peel-Harvey Estuary near Mandurah . The large estuaries of the south-west of the state are strongly associated with black swans. There are six records for the more generic shipwreck name "Swan" between 1869 and 1972 on the north-west and west coasts, three times more than any other state, as well as

3525-590: The degradation of public morals, the decline of the Republican ideal and the terrorizing acts of the Praetorian Guards . (...) In a second-hand bookshop I found an 1838 translation of Juvenal with an extensive commentary, twice the length of the translated text itself, written at the height of the Romantic period . Though its price was more than I could really afford, I bought it. I read all of it very intensely, as if it

3600-515: The destroyer escort HMAS Swan , which was scuttled in Geographe Bay in 1997 as an artificial reef . The coat of arms of Canberra , granted in 1928, includes swans as supporters. One swan is the black Australian kind, and the other white (similar to a European mute swan ), said to be symbolising the Aboriginal and European people of Australia. A different version of this appear in the flag of

3675-445: The exile: 93 CE until 96, when Nerva became emperor. They argue that a reference to Juvenal in one of Martial 's poems, which is dated to 92, is impossible if, at this stage Juvenal was already in exile, or, had served his time in exile, since in that case, Martial would not have wished to antagonise Domitian by mentioning such a persona non grata as Juvenal. If Juvenal was exiled, he would have lost his patrimony , and this may explain

3750-460: The final line of the poem "Durer: Innsbruck, 1495": This poem, the first by Ern Malley to be published in Angry Penguins (1943), became a celebrated literary event. The black swan is represented in the toponymy of eastern Australia. Several anglicised versions of local Aboriginal-language place names referring to black swans are known. Examples include Dunedoo ( Wiradjuri language) on

3825-450: The fisherman's vanity, they never regained their human form, but could be heard at night talking in human voices as a reminder to their human relatives of the perils of pride and arrogance. The Roman satirist Juvenal wrote in AD 82 of rara avis in terris nigroque simillima cygno ("a rare bird in the lands, and very like a black swan"). He meant something whose rarity would compare with that of

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3900-579: The grant of the State Arms, municipal arms continued this tradition: Fremantle (1971, charge), Gosnells (1978, charge), Melville (1981, supporters) and Subiaco (1984, crest). All of the municipal arms granted by the Crown have included a representation of a black swan. In the history of the Western Australian Government Railways – the black swan emblem occurred between the 1920s to

3975-502: The image of the black swan as a signifier of Westralian nationalism can be seen in this passage from Randolph Stow 's " The Merry-Go-Round in the Sea ", published in 1965: The black swan is likely to be well represented in the toponymy of the south-west. One example is Kurrabup in the Nyungar language , or "black swan place", being the local Aboriginal name for the Wilson Inlet upon which

4050-465: The late 17th and early 18th centuries led to the shattering of an age-old metaphor, their contact on the east coast in the late 18th and early 19th centuries merely confirmed the new post-proverbial view, before turning to account for the black swan as just one more curiosity in the South to be utilised in developing the colonies. In Tchaikovsky 's Swan Lake , the sinister and seductive black swan, Odile,

4125-426: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mucky_Duck&oldid=1166463729 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Black swan emblems and popular culture The black swan ( Cygnus atratus )

4200-559: The north side of the Murray River in the Corowa Shire . In South Australia 's arid north, there is a Black Swan Swamp just north of Roxby Downs and a Black Swan Waterhole further north of the old Overland Telegraph line . Tasmania has a Black Swan Island near the wild South West Cape . Given the broad sweep of the black swan's natural habitat, the presence of only nine distinctive place names or name clusters within that range indicates

4275-474: The operation of the Roman legal system. His career as a satirist is supposed to have begun at a fairly late stage in his life. Biographies agree in giving his birthplace as the Volscian town of Aquinum and in allotting to his life a period of exile, which supposedly was due to his insulting an actor who had high levels of court influence. The emperor who banished him was Trajan or Domitian . A preponderance of

4350-658: The other British colonies in Australasia, such as New South Wales , featured royal portraits rather than local symbols, apart from some one-off commemorative issues. Black swans feature as emblems and decorations on many important public buildings in Western Australia. An example is the tower of the Fremantle Town Hall . The Wembley Ware range of "fancy ware" was produced between 1945 and 1961 by HL Brisbane and Wunderlich Ltd /Bristile in Subiaco . The Wembley Ware range typified

4425-459: The presence of black swans in the municipal area. The City of Campbelltown in New South Wales has a white swan in the crest of its arms (1969), alluding to the arms of its namesake Campbell family. There are three grants of arms to corporations that include a black swan. In 1931, the Bank of New South Wales (now Westpac ) was granted arms with a black swan supporter alluding to the Bank's acquisition of

4500-469: The pronounced anti-militarism of the Satires and, moreover, the Dalmatian legions do not seem to have existed prior to 166 CE. Therefore, it seems likely that this reference is to a Juvenal who was a later relative of the poet, however, as they both came from Aquinum and were associated with the goddess Ceres (the only deity the Satires shows much respect for). If the theory that connects these two Juvenals

4575-697: The rarity of "Black Swan" as a toponym. New Zealand also has a Black Swan Stream in the South Auckland district. The more generic toponym "Swan" invariably refers to black swans. The Gazetteer of Australia lists 57 examples in New South Wales, 32 in Tasmania, 20 in Queensland, 19 in Victoria, 10 in South Australia, 5 in the Northern Territory , and none in the other territories. Some idiosyncratic examples are Swan Hole (NSW), Swan Spit (Vic) and Swan Nook (Tas). The Gazetter also lists two "White Swan" toponyms:

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4650-475: The sculptor William Priestly MacIntosh carved a "coat of arms" for each state on the pilaster capitals of the façade of the new Commonwealth Bank headquarters on Pitt Street, Sydney . He included a black swan on a shield for Western Australia, 56 years before the state was granted a coat of arms of a similar design. The Sydney Hospital fountain and the Commonwealth Bank façade are two uncommon examples of

4725-408: The spirit of post-war buoyancy in Western Australia during the 1950s, with art ceramics specifically for a local market using emblems of local Westralian identity. The majority of the works were decorative rather than functional to escape high taxes on purely decorative ceramics at this time and exploited highly coloured glazes and overtly Australian content in their designs. The majority of Wembley Ware

4800-485: The stamp underwent several modifications over the next 48 years, until 1902, when the last design was produced, although the swan stamps continued in use until 1913, when Australian stamps superseded the colonial/state issues. The most famous of the series was the four-penny Blue Inverted Swan produced in 1855, in which the central image was printed upside down. The stamp is now an acknowledged philatelic rarity, with only fifteen known to have survived. Stamp issues in all of

4875-416: The state as one of the original states in the federation. Although the State Arms were granted in 1969, municipal heraldry had already been using the black swan symbolism since 1926, when the coat of arms of Perth were granted with a black swan as a charge in the first quarter and black swan supporters. This was followed by Northam (1953, black swan crest) and Bunbury (1959, black swan crest). Following

4950-590: The state, there are the Anglican dioceses of Kalgoorlie (1956, charge) and North West Australia (1956, charge); and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Perth (charge). The Colony of Western Australia produced its first postage stamps in 1854, and in contrast to the usual practice within the British Empire , they featured, not a portrait of Queen Victoria , but an image of the black swan. The design of

5025-506: The symbol of the black swan has been used prominently by the Western Australian interstate teams since the state debuted in 1904. The black swan symbol has featured in the State of Origin series between 1977–1998 on the various guernsey designs (with some variations contrasting the swan depicted in the colours of the state emblem in reverse – as yellow on a black background and others with

5100-514: The tenth century, is little more than an extrapolation from the Satires . Traditional biographies, including the Vita Iuvenalis , give us the writer's full name and also tell us that he was either the son, or adopted son, of a rich freedman . He is supposed to have been a pupil of Quintilian , and to have practised rhetoric until he was middle-aged, both as amusement and for legal purposes. The Satires do make frequent and accurate references to

5175-556: The town of Denmark is situated in the South West . The English-language place name "Black Swan" only occurs as a descriptive toponym once: the Black Swan Mine in the arid interior of the state near Laverton . The more generic toponym "Swan", invariably referring to black swans, has at least 34 examples in Western Australia, almost entirely in the state's south-west. These range from rural locations, such as Jebarjup Swan Lake in

5250-501: The use of the black swan in decorative arts in eastern Australia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Black Swan occurs rarely in literary titles. The State Library of New South Wales catalogue lists only ten fiction titles, one of which is an English-language translation of Thomas Mann 's 1954 work The Black Swan ( Die Betrogene in German ). Humphrey McQueen 's book, The Black Swans of Trespass: The Emergence of Modernist Painting in Australia 1918–1944 , takes its title from

5325-533: The white swans and tore feathers from the birds. Crows who were enemies of the eaglehawks came to the aid of the brothers and gave the black swans their own black feathers. The black swan's red beak is said to be the blood of the attacked brothers, which stayed there forever. The moral code embedded in Aboriginal lore is evident in a story from an unspecified locality in eastern Australia (probably in New South Wales ) published in 1943. An Aboriginal man, fishing in

5400-614: The words. The local name for the swan is Kuluin. Barwon Heads, Victoria , is near Lake Connewarre , through which the Barwon River flows on its way to the sea. The name Connewarre is the local aboriginal name for the black swan, which was found in large numbers on the lake. There are also instances of such names being newly applied today; for example, Hydro Tasmania has adopted Aboriginal names for some parts of its hydro-electric developments, such as Catagunya , meaning black swan. The English-language place name "Black Swan" occurs as

5475-511: The work of Lucien Henry, but the only known example of his work with a black swan is in a design for a fountain. A fountain in the central courtyard of Sydney Hospital reminiscent of Henry's design includes several black swans. Australian motifs were popular in the Queen Anne Revival or Federation architectural style of the period, but the black swan is rarely seen among the kookaburras , eucalyptus leaves and rising suns . In 1913,

5550-617: Was a formal literary genre rather than being simply clever, humorous critique in no particular format. The individual Satires (excluding Satire 16) range in length from approximately 130 (Satire 12) to 695 (Satire 6) lines. The poems are not entitled individually, but translators often have added titles for the convenience of readers. While Juvenal's mode of satire has been noted from antiquity for its wrathful scorn toward all representatives of social deviance, some politically progressive scholars, such as William S. Anderson and later Susanna M. Braund , have attempted to defend his work as that of

5625-538: Was created with an apparent intended purpose such as vases, ashtrays or lamps, but these were usually superfluous to the designs. Some of the most sought-after and eccentric designs included the open-mouthed dhufish vase and black swan ashtray. A variety of swan-shaped ashtrays and vases were produced in a range of sizes, colours and glazes. Explorers' journals, as a literary genre, often provide descriptions of black swans. For example, in December 1836, Lieutenant Bunbury of

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