Edgar Ansel Mowrer (March 8, 1892, – March 2, 1977) was a Pulitzer Prize -winning American journalist and writer best known for his writings on international events.
36-582: Mowrer is the surname of the following people: Edgar Ansel Mowrer (1892–1977), American journalist and author Gordon Mowrer (1936–2016), American politician, businessman, and ordained pastor Jim Mowrer , American politician Nick Mowrer (born 1988), American sport shooter Orval Hobart Mowrer (1907–1982), American psychologist Paul Scott Mowrer (1887–1971), American newspaper correspondent Reo W. Mowrer (1916–1977), American pet shop owner [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
72-598: A German declaration of war against the United States . When a new naval officer on Knox's staff told him, "I'm no New Dealer ," Knox replied, "I fought the President with every resource at my command. But now I've squared my politics with my conscience and I'm proud to serve under such a great man. At that," Knox added, "it's a good thing to have a couple of fellows around here who aren't New Dealers!" He traveled extensively to Navy installations worldwide. Knox also supported
108-602: A collection of articles he wrote for the Saturday Review, Zionist Quarterly, Western World, and the New Leader, Mowrer surveyed the impact of world affairs upon the United States. He suggested that Soviet successes were compelling Western peoples to “pull themselves together in a real effort to survive as free men,” and concluded that America’s pioneer spirit was “still warm beneath the ashes of self-indulgence.” Mowrer’s most recent book, An End to Make-Believe (Duell, 1961), analyzes
144-500: A futile personal appeal to the newly appointed US ambassador to Germany William Dodd , Mowrer agreed to depart immediately, in return for the release of Paul Goldmann , an elderly Jewish correspondent for the Austrian newspaper Neue Freie Presse , who was being held by the Gestapo for high treason. A Nazi official, assigned to make sure Mowrer actually left Berlin, approached him as he
180-701: A member of D Troop, Knox fought in Cuba at the Battle of Las Guasimas , and the Battle of San Juan Hill . After the war, Knox became a newspaper reporter in Grand Rapids, which was the beginning of a career that included ownership of several papers. He changed his first name to Frank around 1900. He was state chairman of the Michigan Republican Party . In 1912, he was a key organizer for the presidential ambitions of Theodore Roosevelt. In late 1912, Knox helped found
216-588: A much more aggressive admiral, Ernest J. King . Roosevelt worked closely with King and largely neglected Knox. During the war, Knox continued his supervision of the Chicago Daily News, while Forrestal expanded his role and supervised the nonmilitary aspects of the department in terms of contracts and recruitment. Knox served as secretary of the Navy until his death in 1944, when Forrestal replaced him. William Franklin Knox
252-677: A voluntary federation, strong enough to keep world order through the enforcement of world law. He maintained that the United Nations, which he described as “an unfinished bridge leading nowhere,” was inadequate to undertake this task. W. Fox, writing in the New York Times (October 31, 1948), called the book “incomparably the best study of American foreign policy for this period that has yet been written.” Pursuing his ideas on international organization further in Challenge and Decision: A Program for
288-524: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Edgar Ansel Mowrer Born in Bloomington, Illinois to Rufus and Nellie née Scott, Mowrer graduated from the University of Michigan in 1913. From his elder brother, Paul Scott Mowrer , the editor of Chicago Daily News , Mowrer received a job and in 1914 went to France as a foreign correspondent . From there he reported on events throughout
324-450: The Americans for Democratic Action . In 1956, he took over as editor of Western World magazine, a position he held for four years. In 1969, he moved to Wonalancet, New Hampshire and wrote a column for The Union Leader until 1976. Frank Knox William Franklin Knox (January 1, 1874 – April 28, 1944) was an American politician, soldier, newspaper editor, and publisher. He was
360-512: The Chicago Daily News learned about the threats, Frank Knox , the owner of the newspaper, offered Mowrer a position in the paper’s bureau in Tokyo . Mowrer, who did not want to leave Germany, agreed to leave before covering the annual Nazi Party spectacle in Nuremberg set to begin on 1 September 1933. After American diplomatic missions to Germany refused to guarantee his and his family's safety, and after
396-621: The First World War , including the Italians' defeat at the Battle of Caporetto . In 1916, he married Lilian Thomson ; the two had a daughter, Diana, and would remain together until Mowrer's death 61 years later. In May 1915 he was assigned to the Rome office of the Chicago Daily News, and there he interviewed Benito Mussolini , then a Socialist, who was urging Italy to enter the war on the side of
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#1733086161695432-712: The Frank Knox Memorial Fellowships , which allow scholars from Australia , Canada , New Zealand , the Union of South Africa , and the United Kingdom to pursue graduate study at Harvard University , or by recent graduates of Harvard to travel and research in the countries of the British Commonwealth of Nations . Frank Knox School on the grounds of the Patuxent River Naval Air Station
468-770: The Manchester Leader in New Hampshire. It was financed by Governor Robert P. Bass , a member of the Progressive or Bull Moose Party ). The newspaper was so successful that Knox bought out the Manchester Union . The two newspapers merged under the banner of the Union-Leader Corporation July 1913. Both papers espoused a moderate Republican, probusiness stance. During World War I , Knox was an advocate of U.S. military preparedness and then of participation in
504-575: The Republican vice presidential candidate in 1936 and Secretary of the Navy under Franklin D. Roosevelt during most of World War II . On December 7, 1941, Knox, flanked by his assistant John O’Keefe, walked into Roosevelt's White House study around 1:30 pm EST, and announced that Japan had attacked Pearl Harbor . Born in Boston , he attended Alma College and served with the Rough Riders during
540-767: The Spanish–American War . After the war, he became a newspaper editor in Grand Rapids, Michigan , and state chairman of the Republican Party. He was a leading supporter of Theodore Roosevelt , the Progressive candidate for president in 1912. He advocated U.S. entrance into World War I and served as an artillery officer in France. The 1936 Republican National Convention nominated a ticket of Alf Landon and Knox, and they were defeated by Roosevelt and John Nance Garner in
576-692: The US Army for the Spanish–American War. He later supplemented his studies with additional readings and coursework, and the college's board of trustees awarded him a Bachelor of Arts degree as a member of the class of 1898. He served in Cuba with Theodore Roosevelt's famous Rough Riders, the First Volunteer Cavalry Regiment. He was a member of Troop D commanded by Captain Robert Huston. As
612-409: The surname Mowrer . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mowrer&oldid=1181707322 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
648-564: The 1936 election. After World War II broke out in 1939, Knox supported aid to the Allies . In 1940, Roosevelt appointed him as Secretary of the Navy in hopes of building bipartisan support. Knox brought in James Forrestal as the under secretary. They presided over a massive naval buildup but were dissatisfied by the confused chain of command in Hawaii. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Knox brought in
684-766: The Allies. After his marriage in London in February 1916, Mowrer returned with his wife to Italy, where he covered the battlefronts and witnessed the Italian defeat at Caporetto in 1917. Mowrer remained a correspondent in Europe throughout the 1920s and 1930s, living in Rome for eight years until 1923, before moving to Berlin . In 1933, Mowrer won the Pulitzer Prize for Correspondence for his reporting on
720-520: The Clock Back , published in 1933, which had angered Nazi officials to the point where Mowrer's friends believed he faced mortal danger. The German government openly pressured him to leave the country, with Germany's ambassador to the United States notifying the State Department that because of the "people's righteous indignation" the government could no longer hope to keep Mowrer free from harm. When
756-664: The Deputy Director, first of the Office of Facts and Figures, then, after the OFF's consolidation, of the Office of War Information , from 1942 until 1943. Upon his departure, he started his column "Edgar Mowrer on World Affairs," which he later supplemented with a column entitled "What's Your Question on World Affairs?" After the Second World War , Mowrer wrote a number of books and helped organize
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#1733086161695792-707: The Navy under Roosevelt with Henry L. Stimson as Secretary of War, part of the Democratic president's effort to build bipartisan support for his foreign and defense policies following the defeat of France . Knox carried out Roosevelt's plan to expand the US Navy into a force capable of fighting in both the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans. Knox was mentioned by name in Adolf Hitler 's speech of December 11, 1941, in which Hitler stated
828-540: The Office of Facts and Figures in the Office of War Information and broadcast news analyses from his post in Washington. In his postwar book The Nightmare of American Foreign Policy (Knopf, 1948) Mowrer criticized the foreign policy of the United States since 1918. He expressed pessimism about the American love of the status quo and warned that the United States must choose between “world leadership and rapid decline.” He advocated
864-517: The Times of Crisis Ahead (McGraw, 1950), Mowrer urged the United States to take the lead in forming a “peace coalition” and the ultimate federation of non-Communist countries, to weaken the “expansionist bloc.” M. S. Watson noted in the Saturday Review of Literature (December 9, 1950) that Mowrer’s program resembled that of the United World Federalists. In his A Good Time to be Alive (Duell, 1959),
900-610: The United States Mowrer lectured for a time to American audiences, warning them of the burgeoning power of Fascism. Although he had expected to be sent to Tokyo, Mowrer was assigned in January 1934 to replace his brother as chief of the Paris bureau of the Chicago Daily News. From this vantage point, he covered the events that led to the outbreak of World War II, and he acquired a growing distrust of plebiscites and treaties. In 1936 he covered
936-577: The beginning of the civil war in Spain and visited the Soviet Union to report on the adoption of the new Soviet constitution. Upon his return to France, he witnessed the fall of the Popular Front government headed by his friend Leon Blum. He visited China for a few months in 1938 to gather material for his book The Dragon Wakes. A Report from China (Morrow, 1939) and then returned to Paris, where he remained until
972-496: The continued racial segregation in the United States Armed Forces . Knox had called for the internment of Japanese Americans as early as 1933, and he continued to do so in his new position. Shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbor , he visited Hawaii to investigate the sabotage that he believed to have taken place there. Upon his return, he issued a public statement that "the most effective Fifth Column work of
1008-584: The entire war was done in Hawaii with the exception of Norway," and he accused Japanese Hawaiians of impeding US defense efforts in a report to the President. Although the FBI and military intelligence later disproved those claims, Knox continued to push for the internment of Japanese Americans and barred them from service in the Navy during the war. Following a brief series of heart attacks, Secretary Knox died in Washington, DC , on April 28, 1944, while still in office. He
1044-661: The fall of France in June 1940. Assigned in August 1940 to Washington, D.C. as a correspondent for the Chicago Daily News, Mowrer collaborated with William J. Donovan on a series of articles on fifth-column activities in Europe. Several trips to the Far East in the next two years resulted in the book Global War: An Atlas of World Strategy (McClelland, 1942), which he wrote in cooperation with Marthe Rajchman. From 1941 to 1943 he served as deputy director of
1080-512: The history of the Cold War and its meaning to Americans. In it, he contrasts what he calls the “fanatical ambition of international Communism with the unshakeable complacency of most Americans,” and maintains that in “the sinister game of international poker forced on us by Moscow and Peiping” the West still “holds the aces” but needs “bolder, better players.” Returning to the United States, Mowrer served as
1116-507: The only supporters of Theodore Roosevelt in 1912 who were later named to a Republican ticket. They lost in a landslide, winning just Maine and Vermont against the Democratic ticket of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Vice President John Nance Garner . During World War II , Knox again was an advocate of preparedness. As an internationalist, he supported aid to the Allies and opposed isolationism . In July 1940, he became secretary of
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1152-557: The rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany and was named president of the Berlin Foreign Press Association . In his dispatches from Germany, he had managed to cut below the patina of normalcy to capture events that challenged the belief that Germany's transformation was democratic and natural; he was therefore a target of Nazi ire. In addition to reporting for the Chicago Daily News , Mowrer wrote a best-selling book, Germany Puts
1188-603: The war. When the U.S. declared war on Germany in 1917, he rejoined the Army. He reached the rank of Colonel and served as an artillery officer in France. After the war he returned to the newspaper business. In 1931, Frank Knox became publisher and part owner of the Chicago Daily News . In the 1936 election , he was the Republican nominee for vice president under Alf Landon . Landon, Knox, and former President Herbert Hoover were
1224-520: Was boarding the train and asked when he was coming back to Germany; Mowrer answered: "Why when I can come back with about two million of my countrymen." Although he’d initially been given a post in Tokyo, upon leaving Berlin he went to Paris and took over as the Paris bureau chief for the Chicago Daily News , continuing to report on European affairs until France's defeat by German forces in 1940. Upon his return to
1260-590: Was born in Boston, Massachusetts. His parents were both Canadian ; his mother, Sarah C. (Barnard), was from Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island , and his father, William Edwin Knox, was from New Brunswick . When he was nine, his family moved to Grand Rapids, Michigan, where his father ran a grocery store. He attended Alma College in Michigan, where he was a member of the Zeta Sigma fraternity. He left in his senior year to join
1296-493: Was buried on May 1, 1944, at Arlington National Cemetery , in Arlington, Virginia . The Gearing -class destroyer USS Frank Knox (DD-742) , commissioned in December 1944, was named in his honor. On May 31, 1945, he received posthumously the Medal for Merit from President Harry S. Truman . He also received the Spanish Campaign Medal and the World War I Victory Medal for his previous military service. In 1948, his widow, Annie Reid Knox (1875–1958) endowed
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