56-671: The Mount Apo Geothermal Power Plant is a geothermal power station located in Barangay Ilomavis, Kidapawan , Cotabato . Drawing steam from the Mindanao Geothermal Production Field, the power station is situated near the foot of Mount Apo and has a power output of 106 MW. It is currently part of the Mindanao Grid that supplies electricity to Kidapawan and Davao Region. Impounds: Mount Apo Turbines: Dry Steam Power Plant 54.24 megawatts This article about
112-568: A Municipal District paved the way for settlers from Luzon and Visayas to come over the succeeding decades up until the 1960s. Kidapawan was not a planned colony, but it was surrounded by planned colonies on both sides, thus encouraging individual migration: Davao, a Spanish colony in the late 1800s, Pikit, an agricultural colony set up by the Americans, the settlements of the National Land Settlement Administration (NLSA) in what
168-588: A build-operate owner contract arrangement. Located in Barangay Ilomavis, Kidapawan City, North Cotabato is the Mindanao Geothermal Production Field with a power output of 108.48 MW , currently the only power plant of its kind in Mindanao. The Philippine National Oil Company geothermal plant supplies electricity to Kidapawan and its neighboring provinces, its completion boosted
224-553: A building or structure in the Philippines is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a power station is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Kidapawan Kidapawan , officially the City of Kidapawan ( Cebuano : Dakbayan sa Kidapawan ; Hiligaynon : Dakbanwa sang Kidapawan ; Maguindanaon : Kuta nu Kidapawan ; Obo Monuvu : Ingod to Kidapawan ; Filipino : Lungsod ng Kidapawan ),
280-482: A holistic recovery plan for the entire natural park. There are four major lakes in Mount Apo. Popular of these are Lake Agco, which used to be called "The Blue Lake", and Lake Venado , a well-known mountaineers camping site and a stopover towards the peak. Lake Macadac and Lake Jordan are found in the summit grassland. Mount Apo has 19 major rivers and 21 creeks draining its 8 major watersheds (PASAlist.1992). Out of
336-619: A protected area under the category of Natural Park with an area of 54,974.87 hectares (135,845.9 acres); with two peripheral areas of 2,571.73 hectares (6,354.9 acres) and 6,506.40 hectares (16,077.7 acres) as buffer zones, provided for its management and for other purposes. In 1987, the National Geographic Society based in Washington, DC in the United States , published a book entitled, "Our World's Heritage" , where Mount Apo
392-593: A tribal ward under what was then the Cotabato District of the Moro Province When Datu Ampatuan of Maganoy threatened to stage a rebellion against the Americans in 1913, Datu Ingkal is recorded as threatening to side with him. The Americans sought to pacify the two datus by offering appointments and administrative arrangements. Datu Ingkal's territory, Kidapawan, would be formed into a Municipal District on July 23, 1914, one of twenty seven under
448-771: Is a headwaters catchment area of several major river systems like the Marbel , Matingaw , Kabacan , Pulangi , Sibulan , and Digos rivers. The Tudaya Falls is a one-tier 150-metre-high (490 ft) waterfall in Mt. Apo Natural Park. This waterfall flows into the Sibulan River, which empties into the Davao Gulf . The grasslands of Mount Apo are dominated by Cogon grass ( Imperata cylindrica ) and Saccharum spontaneum . Other grasses and ferns also thrive, especially along banks of creeks, streams, and rivers and on steep slopes. Mount Apo
504-717: Is a 3rd class component city and capital of the province of Cotabato , Philippines . According to the 2020 Census, it has a population of 160,791 people making it the most populous in the province. It is located at the foot of Mount Apo , the country's highest mountain. Many proposed etymologies have been recorded to explain the origin of Kidapawan's name over the decades. In 2017, Karlo Antonio Galay David gathered all written and oral explanations from archival sources and tribal key informants. Galay David gathered thirteen proposed etymologies, and of these thirteen, six are about springs, three are about weddings, three are about highlands, two are names, and three are directional and imply
560-422: Is a flat-topped, 2,954 m (9,692 ft) (above sea level) high stratovolcano with three peaks. It is the highest peak of the Philippines. The southwest peak has the highest elevation and is topped by a 200 m (656 ft) wide crater that contains a small lake. The volcanic history of Mount Apo is poorly known but eruptions have produced andesitic -to- dacitic lava . A line of solfataras extend from
616-544: Is a special economic zone is expected to diversify its economic base and will facilitate the creation of more investment and job opportunities. Cotabato Province ranks first in the region in rice and rubber production, second in corn and produces organic coco sugar and delicious tropical fruits. It hosts processing plants for palm oil, sugar cane and rubber. The Mount Apo Geothermal Power plant in Kidapawan City generates 52 megawatts. Located at Umpan Village, Barangay Balabag
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#1732876588784672-674: Is also the seat of the provincial government of Cotabato , with the provincial capitol located at Barangay Amas in the western part of the city. American appointed ‘Capitan’ of Kidapawan Appointed President of the Municipal District of Kidapawan Civilian heads during and after the Second World War Elected and appointed mayors of the Municipality and City of Kidapawan Poverty incidence of Kidapawan Source: Philippine Statistics Authority The city
728-399: Is considered as the province's industrial hub, and plays a pivotal role in the economic development of the province and its adjacent areas. It is the commercial and trading hub of eastern Cotabato province as it lies at the heart of three large domestic markets of Davao City , General Santos , and Cotabato City . The city of Kidapawan boasts the most number of shopping and retail centers in
784-732: Is considered by the DENR as the center of endemism in Mindanao . It has one of the highest land-based biological diversity in terms of flora and fauna per unit area. It has three distinct forest formations, from lowland tropical rainforest , to mid-mountain forests, and finally to high mountain forests. In March 2015, Mount Apo was taken out from the UNESCO List of Tentative Sites due to the dramatic changes (such as logging, intrusion of companies and urban and agricultural landscape, exploitation, and poaching, among others) it experienced which does not constitute
840-452: Is considered sacred grounds. Various rituals to Apo Sandawa are conducted by the supreme walyan (shaman) known as the diwata , who also serves as the medium for Apo Sandawa and the ancestor spirits of the Manobo and Kalagan tribes. The climate at the summit of Mount Apo is alpine ( Köppen ETH ) as its mean temperature does not exceed 10 °C or 50 °F in any month. It falls under
896-521: Is home to a significant flower industry and one of the major sources of income for some Kidapaweños. In addition to ornamental and forest tree seedlings, flowers such as roses, anthuriums and orchids are abundantly grown and cultivated locally, providing a promising and profitable source of livelihood and business in the area. Crops abundantly grown in the city include abaca , rubber , maize , rice , coconut , and vegetables . The Cotabato City-Kidapawan City (CK) Agri-industrial and Eco Tourism Corridor
952-536: Is home to over 272 bird species, 111 of which are endemic to the area. It is also home to one of the world's largest eagles, the critically endangered Philippine eagle , which is the country's national bird. The Mt. Apo 1 and Mt. Apo 2 geothermal plants, each possess a rated capacity of 54.24 megawatts . Owned and operated by Energy Development Corporation (EDC), the power plants were commissioned in February 1997 (Mt. Apo 1) and June 1999 (Mt. Apo 2) respectively, under
1008-501: Is part of the Apo-Talomo Mountain Range of Mindanao island. Apo is situated on the tripartite border of Davao City , Davao del Sur , and Cotabato ; its peak is visible from Davao City 45 kilometers (28 mi) to the northeast, Digos 25 kilometers (16 mi) to the southeast, and Kidapawan 20 kilometers (12 mi) to the west. Apo is a protected area and is the centerpiece of Mount Apo Natural Park. Mount Apo
1064-533: Is projected by the NEDA Region 12. The primary growth node in this corridor is Cotabato City with Kidapawan City and Midsayap as intermediate urban centers. Cotabato City as the primary urban center in this corridor, serves as the institutional, financial and service center, also the center of public health with the existence of the Cotabato Regional and Medical Center, and the de facto capital of BARMM. The city
1120-587: Is the Paniki Falls Eco-River Park . Kidapawan is also one of the well-known starting points for trekking on the Mount Apo , via the city's Lake Agco in Barangay Ilomavis, and the Kidapawan- Santa Cruz , and Kidapawan- Magpet trails, towering at 10,311 feet (3,143 m) above sea level with a total area of 14.6 square metres (157 sq ft). The country's tallest mountain is an abode to
1176-480: Is today South Cotabato, and much later the colony of Alamada under Magsaysay's National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA). The diverse ethnic composition of Kidapawan's settler population, with Cebuanos, Tagalogs, Ilonggos, Chinese, and Igorots, reflect both the gradual individual efforts of migrants and Kidapawan's position as the transition area between Cebuano-dominated Davao and Ilonggo-dominated Cotabato. There are conflicting accounts as to where
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#17328765887841232-544: The Ligawasan Marsh , to the south. As a result, the size was more than thrice the present. The vast area in its extent was once described in the 1950s being larger than the province of Cavite . The original territory, now called the Greater Kidapawan Area and currently includes the city itself and eight—five daughter and three granddaughter—municipalities (including part of Matalam), occupies more than half of
1288-554: The Sultanate of Buayan in Dulawan (today Datu Piang, Maguindanao ), and its related settlement, the Sultanate of Bagua Inged in what is today Pikit and Pagalungan . The Monuvu settlements, the precursors of many of Kidapawan's modern day Baranggays, existed autonomously with one another but were ruled by chieftains often related by centuries of intermarriage. Some time before the coming of
1344-443: The 19 major rivers, only two has studies as reported by SEA-BMB consultants for the Mt. Apo Geothermal Project Environmental Impact Assessment 1991. According to the report, there are two river ecosystems draining the geothermal site namely: (1) Marbel-Matingao river ecosystem- characterized by narrower river channels at highly elevated areas, much faster water flow, clearer water and rock boulder-rich water beds. The aquatic organisms in
1400-523: The Americans, the different tribal settlements west of the Matanao river apparently fell under the influence of a Datu Ingkal (in some sources he is named Datu Ingkal Ugok), who became paramount chieftain over the different settlements within the Kidapawan area. When the Americans came they recognized Datu Ingkal's leadership, and records say he was appointed ‘Capitan’ by a Col. Stevens in 1908, presumably as head of
1456-631: The Municipal Districts elevated in 1942 to Municipality by virtue of Executive Order No. 43 of the Japanese-sponsored Executive Commission. No records attest to it, but informants (primary among them Rosita Blanco Cadungog) names Filomeno Blanco as the local appointed Mayor by the Japanese during their occupation of Kidapawan. There are even less details on the arrangements of the resistance government, but Kidapawan fell under
1512-550: The Type IV climate under the modified corona's classification wherein rainfall is uniformly distributed throughout the year. Mean monthly temperature ranges from a low 6.9 °C (44.4 °F) during January to 8.9 °C (48.0 °F) during April. Monthly relative humidity ranges from 78% during March and April and 82% during June and July. Minima reach 2.4 °C (36.3 °F) in January and February. In late March–April 2016, due to
1568-527: The UNESCO documents that describe the park. Better conservation and a change in the content of documents was recommended by UNESCO. At 2,954 meters (9,692 ft), Mount Apo is the highest mountain (peak) and volcano in the Philippines. It is one of the country's most popular hiking/climbing destinations. The first two attempts to reach Mt. Apo's summit ended in failure: that of Jose Oyanguren (1852) and Señor Real (1870). The first recorded successful expedition
1624-525: The War), headed by Jacinto Paclibar. When the War ended, Kidapawan's administrative status was in limbo, but in all likelihood it was reverted to Municipal District. No documents also confirm it, but informants like Erlinda Villanueva Asuelo name Ceferino J. Villanueva as acting mayor after the War up to the election of 1947. The election of 1947 resulted in the victory of Alfonso O. Angeles Sr. The first elected Vice Mayor
1680-644: The act of going. The etymologies are listed as follows: - Gabriela Eleosida's 1961 Master's thesis (University of Manila)|| Kidapawan has roots in the municipal district with the same name which was created in 1914 by the Americans, and consisted the territory of the Monuvu. Datu Siawan Ingkal, a tribal leader, was appointed District President. Later, Ilonggo settlers increased in the area. Through Executive Order No. 82 signed by President Manuel Roxas on August 18, 1947, which organized almost all municipal districts of Cotabato into ten municipalities, Kidapawan
1736-667: The almost extinct Philippine eagle . Within the Mt. Apo Natural Park is the Mandarangan Geological Site, which is being promoted as a major educational tourism site. Lake Venado , hidden among the mountain ranges, stands at an elevation of 7,200 feet (2,200 m) above sea level. Mount Apo Mount Apo is the highest mountain peak in the Philippines , with an elevation of 2,954 meters (9,692 ft) above sea level . A large solfataric , dormant stratovolcano , it
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1792-465: The area have expectedly lower biological productivity and species diversity. The report also concluded that this river ecosystem provides much less economic and commercial value for its biological production. The study identified 12 species of fish caught in the area; (2) Kabacan River - Pulangi River ecosystem- characterized by a much wider channels at flat areas, relatively much slower water flow, highly turbid waters and sandy mud river beds. Mount Apo
1848-742: The area with whom they frequently intermarried, remained independent throughout the Spanish colonial period, as the Spaniards were never able to surmount Mount Apo on the Davao side nor penetrate beyond the Ligawasan Marsh on the Cotabato side. The chieftains of the tribes in the Greater Kidapawan Area remained independent but maintained relations with the nearby Maguindanaon sultanates, the closest of which were
1904-569: The center of Poblacion. Kidapawan is home to the Dole-Stanfilco Banana Plantation and Palletizing Facility, which is under the management of Dole Philippines, itself a subsidiary of the American food producer Dole Food Company . The said plantation, which also had its holdings on neighboring towns Makilala and Matalam, is the largest in the province of Cotabato. With this, the city is an international exporter of bananas. Kidapawan
1960-454: The city are all written in English. Some of the other languages spoken include Obo Monuvu (the city's indigenous language) Maguindanaon, Meranaw, Ilianen, and Tagabawa. The city of Kidapawan is governed by a city mayor, the city's local chief executive and administrative officer, along with a city vice mayor. The Sangguniang Panlungsod serves as the local legislative body of the city. Kidapawan
2016-405: The city's economy. The Tudaya Hydropower Plant, located near the foot of Mount Apo on the Davao side ( Santa Cruz, Davao del Sur ), is composed of two run-of-river type plants that will contribute to the energy needs of Mindanao by early 2014. The Sibulan Hydroelectric Power Plants have been generating 42.5 MW of clean and renewable energy for Davao since 2010. It is also composed of two run-of
2072-561: The city. Obo Monuvu, Cebuanos and Hiligaynons are the major ethnic groups in the city. Other ethnic groups residing in the area are the Maguindanaons, Ilocanos and Manobo groups of Obo, Ilianen, and Tagabawa. Cebuano is the most widely spoken language, especially in the city proper. English is used as the medium of instruction in schools and other learning institutions; it is also predominantly used in major government agencies in their transactions and reports. Laws and ordinances in
2128-652: The command of Datu Udtog Matalam , who with his Bolo Battalion led the Cotabato region's guerrilla movement. Records indicate that in 1942 Alfonso O. Angeles Sr. had been appointed ‘Mayor of the Upper Cotabato Sector,’ to which Kidapawan presumably belonged, while the Paclibar family describes a ‘Civil Emergency Administration’ in M’lang under the 118th Infantry Regiment of the 106th Division of Wendell Fertig's 10th Military District (the resistance detachment in Mindanao during
2184-402: The extreme effects of El Niño caused by climate change and global warming , massive patches of forest fires and bushfires appeared on the slopes of the mountain, causing hikers on the mountain to halt their ascent. Tourism in the region was threatened due to a massive haze engulfing the slopes of the mountain. The mountain later recovered after the government and local stakeholders initiated
2240-447: The huge, historical municipality; and especially upon the municipality's designation as the provincial capital. These were only achieved when Kidapawan was eventually converted through Republic Act No. 8500 , signed on February 12, 1998, becoming the province's first and only component city to date. Luis Malaluan became the first city mayor. Kidapawan is located at the foot of Mount Apo , in southeastern Cotabato province, in
2296-418: The increasingly hilly and mountainous regions to the northeast near Mount Apo, the highest point in the Philippines. The Kabacan River has its source in the northeastern part of the city and flows through its northern border with Magpet town. The city of Kidapawan is politically subdivided into 40 barangays. Each barangay can be further subdivided into puroks and sitios . Kidapawan lies outside
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2352-408: The middle of the four major Mindanaoan cities of General Santos , Davao , Cotabato and Cagayan de Oro . It shares its borders with the Cotabato towns of Magpet and President Roxas to the north, Matalam to the west, M’lang to the south and Makilala to the east. Kidapawan covers a total land area of 358.47 square kilometres (138.41 sq mi). Its land area is mostly flat, except for
2408-603: The newly created Cotabato Province of the Department of Mindanao and Sulu as mandated under Article 19 of Act No. 2408. Datu Siawan Ingkal, son of Datu Ingkal Ugok, would be appointed Municipal District President. The act was made official with Act No. 2711 approved on March 10, 1917, mentioning Kidapawan as a municipal district. The Cornejo Commonwealth Directory of 1939, published under the newly elected Quezon government, still names Datu Siawan as District President, with Datu Amag Madut as vice president. Kidapawan's establishment as
2464-462: The original Manobo and Kalagan name Apo Sandawa ("Elder Sandawa" or "Grandfather Sandawa"), the name of the spirit of the mountain . Apo Sandawa is also regarded as an ancestor spirit by the various Manobo and Kalagan tribes living in the foothills, including the Obo, Manobo Bagobo, Manobo Apao, Tagabawa, Matigsalug, Ata, Arumanen, Tinananen, Kulamanen, Tagakaulo and Kagan peoples. The mountain itself
2520-493: The original center of Kidapawan was before the War. Tribal and settler sources name either Manongol (for a time called ‘Old Kidapawan’) or Lanao as centers, with some sources identifying Lanao as the commercial center of the town where the settlers concentrated, with Manongol the seat of Siawan Ingkal's chieftaincy. The details of Kidapawan's arrangements during the Second World War are unclear, but it seems to have been one of
2576-502: The possibility of becoming a city. The municipal council petitioned to change the border of Makilala, and even urged President Diosdado Macapagal to cancel the establishment of Matalam; but both were unsuccessful. Kidapawan has its roots in pre-colonial settlements of the Obo Monuvu, the indigenous peoples that have lived at the foot of Mount Apo on both the Cotabato and Davao sides for generations. The Monuvu, along with other tribes in
2632-491: The present-day Cotabato , in the northern and eastern part. It also composed the portion of Bansalan east of the Matanao River. It was partitioned gradually over the next two decades with the establishment of separate municipalities: With the partitions, the municipality lost all its original borders, although it shares Mount Apo with Davao and four other towns. The partitioning was almost opposed, mainly because of
2688-648: The river mini hydro power plants. Sibulan A was completed and commissioned on December 26, 2010. Local residents who are mainly engaged in abaca and fruit farming have since benefited from the use of 44 kilometres (27 mi) of farm-to-market roads which were developed as access to the plants. On May 9, 1936, Mount Apo was declared a National Park with Proclamation No. 59 by President Manuel L. Quezon followed by Proclamation No. 35 of May 8, 1966, then Proclamation No. 882 of September 24, 1996. On February 3, 2004, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo approved Republic Act No. 9237 , which established Mount Apo as
2744-411: The southeast flank at an elevation of 2,400 m (7,874 ft) to the summit. Mount Apo is not known to have had historical eruptions, and was incorrectly attributed to be the source volcano of the 1641 eruption of Mount Melibengoy , also in Mindanao. Apo is a title of respect meaning "revered elder" in various languages of the surrounding Lumad indigenous peoples. It is the shortened form of
2800-520: The summit, coming from North Cotabato and Davao provinces. Arguably the easiest route to the Natural Park is through Kidapawan with an average hike taking 3–4 days roundtrip. In the classification system used by local popular mountaineering website PinoyMountaineer.com, the difficulty of the hike is 7 out of 9. Various sights along the trail include Lake Venado (the highest lake in the Philippines),
2856-547: The typhoon belt and has a mild climate characterized by wet and dry seasons. The coldest months are December and January. The hottest are April and May. In the 2020 census, Kidapawan had a population of 160,791, with a density of 450 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,200 inhabitants per square mile. Meanwhile, in the 2015 census, the city had a total population of 140,195 inhabitants, from 125,447 in 2010 and 117,610 from in 2007. Inhabitants are predominantly Christian , though there are also significant Muslim populations in
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#17328765887842912-550: The whole province of Cotabato. Gaisano Grand Mall of Kidapawan, the largest shopping center in the city, is located at Barangay Lanao in the northern part of the city's urban core, while the KMCC Shopping Center is located at Dayao St., deep into the city's main highway. Other retail centers include Davao Central Warehouse Club Inc. located south of the National Highway, and Survive Marketing located at Quezon Boulevard in
2968-756: Was Datu Siawan Ingkal, while the first elected Councilors were Gil dela Cruz, Lorenzo A. Saniel, Lino Madrid, Ricardo Ipong, Norberto Cajucom, and Arsenio Sibug. The first Municipal Government began functioning in 1948. When the second partitioning of the Empire Province of Cotabato happened in the 1970s, Kidapawan became the provincial capital of the much-reduced Cotabato Province (now colloquially called North Cotabato) by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 341 , issued by Ferdinand Marcos on November 22, 1973. The local government had made efforts for Kidapawan's cityhood, since as early as 1952, when then mayor Alfonso Angeles Sr. made an unsuccessful attempt to merge Kabacan with
3024-444: Was among those converted, merging with it the unexplored region in the north, as well as the then-forested M'lang-Tulunan area, a Maguindanaon territory in the southeast border. The territory extended to the borders of the provinces of Bukidnon and then-undivided Davao through Matanao River, to the north and the east, respectively; Kabacan to the west, meeting with Pulangi River ; and M'lang area, then part of Buluan , and
3080-642: Was led by Don Joaquin Rajal on October 10, 1880. Prior to the climb, Rajal had to secure the permission of the Bagobo chieftain, Datu Manig. It is said that the Datu demanded that human sacrifice be made to please the god Mandarangan. But the datu agreed to waive this demand, and the climb commenced on October 6, 1880, succeeding five days later. Since then, numerous expeditions followed. These and more are described in colorful narrations by Fr. Miguel Bernad, S.J. Several trails lead to
3136-451: Was noted as a 'site of World Heritage caliber'. The cover of the book also featured Mount Apo's iconic Philippine eagle , along with three other heritage sites which have already been designated as "UNESCO World Heritage Sites". The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) submitted Mount Apo on December 12, 2009, for inclusion in the UNESCO world heritage list. The mountain
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