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45-511: Like the slightly earlier Mornington Crescent it takes its name from the Irish aristocrat Richard, Earl of Mornington , the elder brother of the Duke of Wellington . The area was built up to provide extra residential capacity for the expanding capital. The construction of the railway into Euston in the late 1830s defined the route of the new street. It was called Mornington Road on an 1849 map. At that time

90-420: A bridge over the railway.  The Edinboro Castle pub was constructed in the early Victorian period and is now Grade II listed . Another pub, The Victoria, sat on the corner between Mornington Terrace and Place for many years, A number of buildings are now listed . Notable residents of the streets have included H.G. Wells , who wrote several popular novels while living there with Catherine Wells , and

135-623: A copy of the catalogue, annotated with prices and buyers' names, is held at Cambridge University Library (shelfmark Munby.c.149(1)). The Township of Wellesley , in Ontario , Canada, was named in Richard Wellesley's honour, despite the many references (e.g.: Waterloo , Wellington County ) to his brother, Arthur Wellesley in the surrounding area, as was Wellesley Island , located in the St. Lawrence river at Alexandria Bay . Wellesley Island also serves as

180-758: The British House of Commons as member for the rotten borough of Bere Alston in Devon. Soon afterwards he was appointed a Lord of the Treasury by William Pitt the Younger . The 1792 Slave Trade Bill passed the House of Commons. Mangled and mutilated by the modifications and amendments of Pitt , the Earl of Mornington, Edward James Eliot and the Attorney General , it lay for years in

225-605: The House of Commons of the United Kingdom . The patron of pocket boroughs that were disfranchised under the Act of Union was awarded £15,000 compensation for each. The Speaker of the Irish House of Commons was the presiding officer of the House and its most senior official. The position was one of considerable power and prestige, and in the absence of a government chosen from and answerable to

270-505: The Irish House of Lords . He was elected Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ireland in 1782, a post he held for the following year. Due to the extravagance of his father and grandfather, he found himself so indebted that he was ultimately forced to sell all the Irish estates. However, in 1781, he was appointed to the coveted position of Custos Rotulorum of Meath . In 1784, he joined also

315-634: The Palais Royal . She had three sons and two daughters with Wellesley before he married her on 29 November 1794. He moved her to London, where Hyacinthe was generally miserable, as she never learned English and she was scorned by high society: Lady Caroline Lamb was warned by her mother-in-law, Elizabeth Milbanke , a noted judge of what was socially acceptable, that no respectable woman could afford to be seen in Hyacinthe's company. Their children were: Through his eldest daughter Lady Charles Bentinck, Wellesley

360-426: The scientist William Crookes . This London road or road transport-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley Richard Colley Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley , KG , KP , PC , PC (Ire) (20 June 1760 – 26 September 1842) was an Anglo-Irish politician and colonial administrator . He

405-461: The British soon forced both allies to retreat after French counter-attacks. A few months later, after a dispute between George Canning and Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh led to a duel and soon led to the resignation of both ministers, Spencer Perceval offered Wellesley the post of Foreign Secretary in his cabinet , which he accepted. Unlike his brother Arthur, he was an eloquent speaker, but

450-617: The Commons, he was the dominant political figure in the Parliament. The last Speaker was John Foster . The number of boroughs invited to return members had originally been small (only 55 Boroughs existed in 1603) but was doubled by the Stuart monarchs. By the time of the Union, there were 150 constituencies, each electing two members: Following the Act of Union, from 1801, there were 100 MPs from Ireland in

495-459: The Commons. Most of the population of all religions had no vote. In counties , forty-shilling freeholders were enfranchised while in most boroughs it was either only the members of self-electing corporations or a highly restricted body of freemen that were eligible to vote for the borough's representatives. The vast majority of parliamentary boroughs were pocket boroughs , the private property of an aristocratic patron. The House of Commons

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540-588: The House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The constituencies were adapted from those in the Irish House of Commons as follows: Until 1793 members could not resign their seats. They could cease to be a member of the House in one of four ways: In 1793 a means for resignation was created, equivalent to the Crown Steward and Bailiff of the Chiltern Hundreds or the Manor of Northstead as a means of resignation from

585-525: The House of Commons was directly elected, but on a highly restrictive franchise, similar to the unreformed House of Commons in contemporary Great Britain. Catholics were disqualified from sitting in the Irish parliament from 1691, even though they comprised the vast majority of the Irish population. The Irish executive, known as the Dublin Castle administration , under the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland ,

630-482: The House of Lords. In 1793, he became a member of the Board of Control over Indian affairs; and, although he was best known for his speeches in defence of Pitt's foreign policy, he was gaining the acquaintance with Oriental affairs which made his rule over India so effective from the moment when, in 1797, he accepted the office of Governor-General of India . Mornington seems to have caught Pitt's large political spirit in

675-464: The Natural History' in 1801 at Barrackpore near Calcutta. The institution was supervised by Francis Buchanan-Hamilton . As a part of this endeavor 'Barrackpore Menagerie' was founded which survived till 1878 when animals and birds were transferred to Alipore which later became Calcutta Zoo . A motion by James Paull (MP) to impeach Wellesley due to his expulsion of British traders from Oudh

720-663: The Sultan of Mysore, in a major battle. He also initiated the Second Anglo-Maratha War . Wellesley was the eldest son of Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington , an Irish peer, and Anne, the eldest daughter of Arthur Hill-Trevor, 1st Viscount Dungannon . His younger brother, was Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington . Wellesley was born in 1760 in Dangan Castle in County Meath , Ireland , where his family

765-499: The autumn of 1805. He reached England just in time to see Pitt before his death. He had been created a Peer of Great Britain in 1797 as Baron Wellesley , and in 1799 became Marquess Wellesley in the Peerage of Ireland . He formed an enormous collection of over 2,500 painted miniatures in the Company style of Indian natural history. He founded short-lived 'The Institution for Promoting

810-587: The failure of whose issue in 1863 they fell to Arthur Wellesley, 2nd Duke of Wellington . He and Arthur, after a long estrangement, had been once more on friendly terms for some years: Arthur wept at the funeral and said that he knew of no honour greater than being Lord Wellesley's brother. Wellesley was buried in Eton College Chapel , at his old school. Wellesley's library was sold at auction in London by R. H. Evans on 17 January 1843 (and three following days);

855-610: The fall of the Ministry of All the Talents in 1807, Wellesley was invited by George III to join the Duke of Portland's cabinet, he declined, pending the discussion in parliament of certain charges brought against him in respect of his tenure as governor-general and because of criticism of his administration. Resolutions condemning him for the abuse of power were moved in both the Lords and Commons but defeated by large majorities. In 1809, Wellesley

900-482: The family circle they were nicknamed "The Parasites". Following his first wife's death in 1816, he married, on 29 October 1825, the widowed Marianne (Caton) Patterson (died 1853), whose mother Mary was the daughter of Charles Carroll of Carrollton , the last surviving signatory of the United States Declaration of Independence ; her former sister-in-law was Elizabeth Patterson Bonaparte . Wellington, who

945-559: The immediate service of their chief. He endeavoured to remove some of the restrictions on the trade between Europe and Asia. He took the time to publish an appreciation of British composer Harriet Wainwright 's opera Comala in the Calcutta Post on 27 April 1804. Both the commercial policy of Wellesley and his educational projects brought him into hostility with the court of directors, and he more than once tendered his resignation, which, however, public necessities led him to postpone till

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990-634: The last point exiting the United States before crossing to Hill Island, in Canada. Province Wellesley , in the state of Penang , Malaysia, was named after Richard Wellesley. It was originally part of the state of Kedah . It was ceded to the British East India Company by Sultan Dziaddin Mukarram Shah II of Kedah in 1798, and has been part of the settlement and state of Penang ever since. It

1035-641: The original Knights of St Patrick , he surrendered that order on being made a Knight of the Garter on 31 March 1812. Upon Perceval's assassination he, along with Canning, refused to join Lord Liverpool's administration, and he remained out of office until 1821, severely criticising the proceedings of the Congress of Vienna and the European settlement of 1814, which, while it reduced France to its ancient limits, left to

1080-699: The other great powers the territory that they had acquired by the Partitions of Poland and the destruction of the Republic of Venice . He was one of the peers who signed the protest against the enactment of the Corn Laws in 1815. His reputation never fully recovered from a fiasco in 1812 when he was expected to make a crucial speech denouncing the new government , but suffered one of his notorious "black-outs" and sat motionless in his place. Wellesley lived together for many years with Hyacinthe-Gabrielle Roland , an actress at

1125-661: The period 1798 to 1805. That both had consciously formed the design of expanding their influence in the Indian subcontinent to compensate for the loss of the American colonies is not proven; but the rivalry with France, which in Europe placed Britain at the head of coalition after coalition against the French, made Mornington aware of the necessity of ensuring French power did not reign supreme in India. On

1170-444: The problem. His successor, Canning, died only a few months after taking up office as Prime Minister, to be succeeded briefly by Lord Goderich . On the assumption of office by Wellington, his brother resigned the lord-lieutenancy. He is said to have been deeply hurt by his brother's failure to find a Cabinet position for him (Arthur made the usual excuse that one cannot give a Cabinet seat to everyone who wants one). He had, however,

1215-410: The raja of Berar , Raghoji II Bhonsle in which his brother Arthur took a leading role. The result of these wars and of the treaties which followed them was that French influence in India was reduced to Pondicherry , and that Britain acquired increased influence in the heartlands of central India. He proved to be a skilled administrator, and picked two of his talented brothers for his staff: Arthur

1260-524: The satisfaction of seeing the Catholic claims settled in the next year by the very statesmen who had declared against them. In 1833, he resumed the office of Lord Lieutenant under Earl Grey , but the ministry soon fell, and, with one short exception, Wellesley did not take any further part in official life. On his death, he had no successor in the marquessate, but the earldom of Mornington and minor honours devolved on his brother William, Lord Maryborough , on

1305-588: The terraced housing on the eastern side were complimented by upmarket villas on the western side. These survived until 1900 when widening of the main line lead to their demolition. Today the street only has buildings on its eastern side. Mornington Place, originally Crescent Place, features more terraced Victoria houses before meeting Mornington Crescent by the Art Deco Carreras Cigarette Factory . Another road, Mornington Street, crosses Mornington Terrace roughly halfway down and then carries on in

1350-505: The voyage out, he formed the design of curbing French influence in the Deccan . Soon after his arrival, in April 1798, he learned that an alliance was being negotiated between Tipu Sultan and France . He soon after was appointed Governor-General of India on May 12, replacing Lord Cornwallis . Mornington resolved to anticipate the action of the Sultan and ordered preparations for war. The first step

1395-407: The war in Europe and its domination by Napoleon Bonaparte . The growing French influence threatened Britain and its empire to the extent of causing high tensions in the country. While the crisis abroad wasn’t enough, the British government had been led by weak and unsuited men from 1806-1809 with two short-lived ministries under Lord Grenville and the Duke of Portland respectively. But when on

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1440-486: Was a great-great-great-grandfather to Queen Elizabeth II . Wellesley also had at least two other illegitimate sons by his teenage mistress, Elizabeth Johnston, including Edward (later his father's secretary), born in Middlesex (1796-1877). Wellesley's children were seen by Richard's other relatives, including his brother Arthur, as greedy, unattractive and cunning, and as exercising an unhealthy influence over their father; in

1485-682: Was abolished under the Acts of Union 1800 , which merged the Kingdom of Ireland into the Kingdom of Great Britain to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland with effect from 1 January 1801. The Irish House of Commons sat for the last time in Parliament House, Dublin on 2 August 1800. One hundred of its members were designated or co-opted to sit with the House of Commons of Great Britain , forming

1530-578: Was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland . Catholic emancipation had now become an open question in the cabinet, and Wellesley's acceptance of the viceroyalty was believed in Ireland to herald the immediate settlement of the Catholic claims but they would remain unfulfilled. Some efforts were made to placate Catholic opinion, notably the dismissal of the long-serving Attorney-General for Ireland , William Saurin , whose anti-Catholic views had made him bitterly unpopular. Lord Liverpool died without having grappled with

1575-415: Was defeated in the House of Commons by 182 votes to 31 in 1808. Mornington also disapproved of liaisons between Company officials and soldiers and locals, seeing them as improper. After his governorship ended in 1808, he returned to Britain and began to join British politics yet again. The few years back in Parliament were quite uneventful, despite the overwhelming crisis the British government faced with

1620-404: Was his military adviser, and Henry was his personal secretary. He founded Fort William College , a training centre intended for those who would be involved in governing India. In connection with this college, he established the governor-general's office, to which civilians who had shown talent at the college were transferred, in order that they might learn something of the highest statesmanship in

1665-580: Was named after him. As of the summer of 2007, a portrait of Marquess Wellesley hangs in the Throne Room at Buckingham Palace . A street in Mirzapur (United Provinces) was named Wellesleyganj. Irish House of Commons The Irish House of Commons was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until the end of 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords . The membership of

1710-576: Was not answerable to the House of Commons but to the British government. However, the Chief Secretary for Ireland was usually a member of the Irish parliament. In the Commons, business was presided over by the Speaker . From 1 January 1801, it ceased to exist and was succeeded by the House of Commons of the United Kingdom . The limited franchise was exclusively male. From 1728 until 1793, Catholics were disfranchised , as well as being ineligible to sit in

1755-598: Was part of the Ascendancy , the old Anglo-Irish aristocracy . He was educated at the Royal School, Armagh , Harrow School and Eton College , where he distinguished himself as a classical scholar, and at Christ Church, Oxford . He is one of the few men known to have attended both Harrow and Eton. In 1780, he entered the Irish House of Commons as the member for Trim until the following year when, at his father's death, he became 2nd Earl of Mornington , taking his seat in

1800-649: Was renamed Seberang Perai ("across the Perai " in the Malay language ) not long after independence within Malaya. The Wellesley Islands off the north coast of Queensland , Australia, were named by Matthew Flinders in honour of Richard Wellesley, as was the largest island in the group, Mornington Island . Flinders is believed to have done this during his imprisonment by the French on Mauritius as Wellesley had tried to secure his release. Mornington Peninsula , south of Melbourne,

1845-633: Was soon appointed as the British ambassador to Spain by Spencer Perceval . He landed at Cádiz just after the Allies victory at the Battle of Talavera , and he tried to bring the Spanish government into an effective co-operative agreement to support the campaign against the French with his brother, Sir Arthur Wellesley who was commander-in-chief of the British Forces. However,the failure of his allies to cooperate with

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1890-612: Was styled as Viscount Wellesley until 1781, when he succeeded his father as 2nd Earl of Mornington . In 1799, he was granted the Irish peerage title of Marquess Wellesley of Norragh. He was also Lord Wellesley in the Peerage of Great Britain . Richard Wellesley first made his name as fifth Governor-General of Bengal between 1798 and 1805. He later served as Foreign Secretary in the British Cabinet and as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland . In 1799, his forces invaded Mysore and defeated Tipu ,

1935-576: Was subject to inexplicable "black-outs" when he was apparently unaware of his surroundings. He held this office until February 1812, when he retired, partly from dissatisfaction at the inadequate support given to Wellington by the ministry, but also because he had become convinced that the question of Catholic emancipation could no longer be kept in the background. From early life, Wellesley had, like his brother Arthur, been an advocate of Catholic emancipation , and from then on he publicly supported that cause. Twice Lord Lieutenant of Ireland , and one of

1980-576: Was to order the disbandment of the French troops employed by the Nizam of Hyderabad . The capture of Mysore followed in February 1799, and the campaign was brought to a swift conclusion by the capture of Seringapatam on 4 May 1799 and the death of Tipu Sultan, who was killed in action. In 1803, the restoration of the Peshwa , Baji Rao II , proved the prelude to the war against Daulat Rao Sindhia of Gwalior and

2025-434: Was very fond of Marianne (rumour had it that they were lovers) and was then on rather bad terms with his brother, pleaded with her not to marry him, warning her in particular that "The Parasites" would see her as an enemy. The Duke's concern seems to have been misplaced; they had no children, but the marriage was a relatively happy one - "much of the calm and sunshine of his old age can be attributed to Marianne". In 1821, he

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