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17-767: The museum's seat is located in Dietrichstein Palace in Zelný trh in the historic centre of Brno . It was built as a residence of Cardinal Franz von Dietrichstein in 1613–1616. It was rebuilt in late Baroque style at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries and become one of the largest Baroque buildings in Brno. The Moravian Museum was founded in July 1817 by a decree of Emperor Francis II . Science figures such as Christian Carl André , Count Josef Auersperg, Count Hugo-František Salm -Reifferscheid, or Antonín Bedřich Mitrovský were involved in

34-693: Is a square and traditional marketplace in Brno , Czech Republic . It is located in the historic centre of Brno on an area of about 0.6 hectares (1.5 acres). Among the landmarks of the square are Dietrichstein Palace from the early 17th century, which is the seat of the Moravské zemské muzeum (Moravian Museum), and the building of the Reduta Theatre from 1608, which is the oldest theatre building in Central Europe. Under

51-709: Is still unclear if the Latins had accepted Rome as a member of the League, or if the treaty had been signed as between Rome and the Latin League. During the Roman Kingdom and the early-to-mid Roman Republic there were numerous disputes between Rome and the Latins, which led to a number of wars between Rome and individual Latin cities and occasionally with the entire league. The increasing power of Rome gradually led to its domination of

68-592: Is the largest in Brno and the oldest continuously operating market with vegetables and plants in Central Europe . The market contains many shops that sell vegetables, fruit, meat (now rabbits only and smoked), fish (in Christmas time only), flowers, plants, seeds, seedlings , breads (bakery products), Moravian kolach , spices , nuts , eggs, cheese , and Moravian traditional spices and herbs items. The market also has many small restaurants and street-food stalls. Under

85-610: The Latin League would share loot from military conquests (which would later be one of the reasons for the Latin War 341–338 BC) and that any military campaigns between the two would be led by Roman generals. The alliance helped repel attacks from such peoples as the Aequi and the Volsci , tribes of the Apennine Mountains , who were prevented from invading Latium by the blending of armies. It

102-606: The Moravian Museum to verify the authenticity of the score. The expert recognized Beethoven's handwriting, but in order to save the manuscript from being looted he lied to the Nazis and said it was not authentic. The Museum was then allowed to keep it. It remained with the Moravian Museum for more than 80 years. The Nazis seized most of the Petschek family's assets and possessions, which Czechoslovakia's Communist regime nationalized after

119-640: The Nazis, fascists and their collaborators to their original owners. Before returning the Beethoven score, the museum exhibited it for five days. It had not been exhibited earlier during the museum's prolonged custody of it. The museum considered it one of the most precious items in its collections. The museum has several exhibition spaces in Brno: The museum also owns and manages several monuments outside Brno: Zeln%C3%BD trh Zelný trh ( German : Kraut Markt ; English: 'Vegetable Market' or 'Cabbage Market')

136-557: The establishment of the museum. Following the Nazi invasion of Czechoslovakia , the Petschek family, a wealthy Czech Jewish family involved in banking and the mining industry, fled to the US. They attempted to send by post a prized family possession, the original score of the fourth movement of Beethoven 's String Quartet No. 13 . However, it was intercepted by the Gestapo . The Nazis asked an expert from

153-424: The fountain is a rocky cliff on top of which is an allegorical statue of Europa . In the cliff is a cave with Heracles . Allegorical figures on the outside of the cave represent Babylonia , Persia and Greece . The fountain was designed by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach and created by Tobias Kracker and Anton Riga. Zelný trh has been in use since 1190, earlier than the city was established. Originally, it

170-460: The leadership of the city of Alba Longa . An incomplete fragment of an inscription recorded by Cato the Elder claims that at one time the league included Tusculum , Aricia , Lanuvium , Lavinium , Cora , Tibur , Pometia and Ardea . During the reign of Tarquinius Superbus , the Latins were persuaded to acknowledge the leadership of Rome. The treaty with Rome was renewed, and it was agreed that

187-495: The league. The renewal of the original treaty in 358 BC formally established Roman leadership and eventually triggered the outbreak of the Latin War (343–338 BC). Following the Roman victory, the league was dissolved. After 338 BC, the end of the Latin league, Rome renamed the cities municipia and established coloniae inside them. This meant that the towns were now ruled by Rome (or

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204-541: The square is a system of underground corridors and cellars. The cellars originally served for food storage, beer brewing, maturing of wine in barrels, and as shelter in times of war. They were founded in the Middle Ages , but most of them dates back to the Baroque era. The cellars were not all connected together until 2009 when they underwent a major reconstruction, and since 2011 they are opened public. They are 6 to 8 metres under

221-517: The square is an underground labyrinth of passages and cellars from the Middle Ages. In the middle of the square is the Parnassus Fountain, named after Mount Parnassus . It is a large Baroque fountain created in 1690–1695, when it replaced an older Renaissance fountain from 1597. It has a six-pointed star plan and is decorated with many allegorical figures and mythical animals. In the middle of

238-578: The surface. Latin League The Latin League ( c.  8th century – 338 BC) was an ancient confederation of about 30 villages and tribes in the region of Latium near the ancient city of Rome , organized for mutual defense. The term "Latin League" is one coined by modern historians with no precise Latin equivalent. The Latin League was originally created for protection against enemies from surrounding areas (the Etruscans ) under

255-552: The troops of the Latins would attend on an appointed day to form a united military force with the troops of Rome. That was done, and Tarquin formed combined units of Roman and Latin troops. The early Roman Republic formed an alliance with the Latin League in 493 BC. According to Roman tradition, the treaty, the Foedus Cassianum , followed a Roman victory over the league in the Battle of Lake Regillus . It provided that both Rome and

272-620: The war. Franz Petschek, who had run the family's mining businesses in Czechoslovakia, tried from his new home in the US to get the piece back but got scant sympathy from the Communist government. In August 2022, the Moravian Museum di take the decision to return the manuscript to the heirs of the Petschek family, adhering to the Terezin Declaration which urged governments to make every effort to return former Jewish properties confiscated by

289-454: Was a general market. Later, it specialised in vegetables and fruits. Since 1255, it was known by the Latin forum superius and a century later by 1340, it was called Krautmarkt – Zelný trh. It has operated for 850 years in one place and for 700 years under the name Zelný trh. It was never interrupted, continuing through the communist time when all other private enterprise was outlawed. The market

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