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48-443: It employed a hemispherical cylinder head , chain -driven single overhead camshaft (SOHC) and eight valves (two per cylinder). United States passenger car versions had a small secondary intake valve referred to as the "Jet Valve". This valve induced swirl in the intake charge, enabling the use of leaner fuel/air mixtures for lower emissions. It was designed as a cartridge containing the valve spring and seat which simply screwed into

96-489: A "straight" (inline) layout today use a single cylinder head that serves all the cylinders. Engines with a "V" layout or "flat" layout typically use two cylinder heads (one for each cylinder bank ), however a small number of 'narrow-angle' V engines (such as the Volkswagen VR5 and VR6 engines) use a single cylinder head spanning the two banks. Most radial engines have one head for each cylinder, although this

144-735: A single overhead camshaft (SOHC) engine, the camshaft may be seated centrally between valve rows, or directly above a single row of valves (replacing rocker arm actuation with tappets ). SOHC engines were widely from the 1960s to 1990s. (eliminating pushrods but still utilizing rocker arms) Double overhead camshaft (DOHC) engines seat a camshaft directly above each row of offset valves (intakes inboard, exhausts outboard). DOHC designs allow optimal crossflow positioning of valves to provide higher- RPM operation. They are typically larger in size (especially width) than equivalent OHV or SOHC engines. Even though more components raise production costs, DOHC engines seen widespread use in automobile engines since

192-894: A 5-speed manual transmission and its "ELC" (Electronic Control) 4-speed automatic transmission, featuring electronic overdrive. Chrysler eventually replaced the 4G54 with its own 2.5 L engine, whereas Mitsubishi replaced it with a 2.4 L engine codenamed 4G64 . Specifications: Multi-point fuel injection Single two- Venturi downdraught carburetor. 85 kW (114 hp) at 5000 rpm (91 RON), 198 N⋅m (146 lb⋅ft) at 3000 rpm (91 RON). Compression ratio: 8.8:1 The 4G55 displaces 2.3 L (2,346 cc). Displacement - 2.3 L (2,346 cc) Bore x Stroke - 91.1 mm × 90 mm (3.59 in × 3.54 in) Fuel Type - Diesel Valves per cylinder - 2 Displacement - 2.5 L (2,477 cc) Bore x Stroke - 91.1 mm × 95 mm (3.59 in × 3.74 in) Fuel type - DIESEL This engine

240-467: A joint venture between Mitsubishi Motors and the Chrysler Corporation. From 1990 to late April 1992 came thicker connecting rods and the use of six bolts to secure the flywheel to the crankshaft; May 1992 to 2006 Evolution versions have lighter rods and use seven bolts to secure the flywheel to the crankshaft. They are referred to as the "six bolt" and "seven bolt" engines, respectively. Output for

288-593: A later 16-valve SOHC and DOHC version was also produced. All used MPFI and had a bore and stroke of 86.5 mm × 100 mm (3.41 in × 3.94 in). The 4G64 was later also available with gasoline direct injection . Output varies between 155 hp (116 kW; 157 PS) at 5,250 rpm with 163 lb⋅ft (221 N⋅m) of torque at 4,000 rpm in the Mitsubishi L200 and 152 hp (113 kW; 154 PS) at 5,500 rpm with 163 lb⋅ft (221 N⋅m) of torque at 4,000 rpm in

336-484: A one-piece cast camshaft, and a cast aluminum intake manifold. The 4G69 incorporates Mitsubishi's MIVEC Variable Valve Timing technology. Mitsubishi ceased any further development and production of Sirius engine after 2012 model year, and its Chinese joint-venture, Shenyang Aerospace Mitsubishi Motors Engine Manufacturing Co., is now the only one producing 4G69 engines. They are used by Chinese manufacturers only, but have been updated to use an aluminum block while adding

384-578: A peak torque of 253 N⋅m (187 lb⋅ft) for most applications, and rated 140 kW (188 hp; 190 PS) in some applications. This version is equipped with a TD04 turbocharger. Its turbocharged variant, 4G63T (also sometimes referred to simply as the 4G63), has powered Mitsubishi vehicles in World Rally Championships (WRC) for years in the Lancer EX 2000 Turbo , Galant VR-4 , Lancer Evolution , Carisma GT , and Lancer WRC04 . It

432-404: A single failed head on a single cylinder can be changed instead of a larger, much more expensive unit fitting all the cylinders. Such a design also allows engine manufacturers to easily produce a 'family' of engines of different layouts and/or cylinder numbers without requiring new cylinder head designs. In a flathead ( sidevalve ) engine, all of the valvetrain components are contained within

480-468: A threaded hole in the head, similar to a spark plug but inside the cam cover. The rocker arms for the intake valve were widened on the valve end to accommodate the cartridge, which was equipped with a very soft valve spring in order to avoid wear on the camshaft intake lobe. Modifications to the head were thereby reduced as the Jet Valve negated the necessity for a three-valve-per-cylinder design. In 1975,

528-672: A timing chain. A SOHC 16 valve turbocharged engine similar to 4G63S4T, produced by SAME in Shenyang , China , utilizing a 4G63 shortblock destroked to a displacement of 1.8 L; 109.7 cu in (1,798 cc). The 4K1 New MIVEC series is based on 4G6 shortblock but mated to a redesigned SOHC 16 valve head with VVL and MIVEC technology. Combustion chambers and piston surfaces were re-engineered to improve fuel economy by lowering friction. All 4K1 models are naturally aspirated and are currently produced by SAME in Shenyang , China . Destroked 4G63 shortblock, same as 4G6A but with

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576-490: A turbocharged model (4K22D4T) or a naturally aspirated model (4K22D4M) In 2022, Mitsubishi (SAME in Shenyang, China) launched the new generation of in-Line 4 cylinder Turbo supercharged gasoline direct injection engine (TGDI). It also has six technologies, including variable displacement oil pump, double vortex turbocharger, intake and exhaust door timing variable, high compression ratio, lightweight design, mute technology, etc. It

624-514: Is 87 mm × 100 mm (3.43 in × 3.94 in). Output is 120 kW (161 hp; 163 PS) at 5750 rpm (160 in the Sportback Wagon) with 219 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3500 rpm. It has a cast iron engine block (later switch to aluminum block) and an aluminum SOHC cylinder head. It uses multi-point fuel injection , has 4 valves per cylinder with roller followers and features forged steel connecting rods,

672-533: Is also built by Hyundai in South Korea, meaning it also sees use in some products made by their Kia subsidiary. Hyundai calls it the D4BA/D4BX (normally aspirated), D4BF (non-intercooled turbo), or D4BH (intercooled turbo). Also known as Hyundai D4BH Cylinder head In a piston engine , the cylinder head sits above the cylinders , forming the roof of the combustion chamber . In sidevalve engines

720-443: Is based on the 4G6 shortblock, mated to a newly designed DOHC 16-valve head with MIVEC technology. The 4K2 series is also produced by SAME in Shenyang , China . Destroked 4G63 shortblock, same as 4G6A but with the new DOHC head. Only available as a turbocharged model (4K20D4T). 4G63 shortblock, available as a turbocharged model (4K21D4T) or two naturally aspirated models (4K21D4M & 4K21D4N) 4G69 shortblock, available as

768-523: Is fitted with a 93 mm (3.66 in) stroke crankshaft and the cylinder bore diameter is 82.7 mm (3.26 in). This engine uses pistons with a static compression ratio of 22.4:1 and piston pins are 25 mm (0.98 in) OD. It was available either naturally aspirated or turbocharged, and replaced the 4D65 as Mitsubishi's "go-to" diesel. The 4G69 is a 2,378 cc (2.4 L) version built in Shiga , Japan and Shenyang , China. Bore and stroke

816-399: Is still in production, but made into a modern powerplant by putting a common rail direct injection fuel system into the engine. The 4G51 displaces 1.9 L (1,850 cc). Applications: The 4G52 displaces 2.0 L (1,995 cc). Peak power for a 1975 Canter is 100 PS (74 kW), but power increased to as much as 125 PS (92 kW) for the twin-carb version fitted to

864-479: Is usually of the monobloc form wherein the head is made as an integral part of the cylinder. This is also common for motorcycles, and such head/cylinder components are referred to as barrels . Some engines, particularly medium- and large-capacity diesel engines built for industrial, marine, power generation, and heavy traction purposes (large trucks, locomotives , heavy equipment , etc.) have individual cylinder heads for each cylinder. This reduces repair costs as

912-473: The Astron 80 introduced a system dubbed "Silent Shaft": the first use of twin balance shafts in a modern engine. It followed the designs of Frederick Lanchester , whose original patents Mitsubishi had obtained, and proved influential as Fiat / Lancia , Saab and Porsche all licensed this technology. The 4D5 engine is a range of four-cylinder belt -driven overhead camshaft diesel engines which were part of

960-636: The Chrysler Sebring / Stratus . The Chrysler version features fracture-split forged powder metal connecting rods. The DOHC and SOHC 16-valve 4G64 are interference engines , while the SOHC 8-valve 4G64 is a non interference engine. From March 1996 an LPG version with 115 hp (86 kW; 117 PS) at 5,000 rpm was available in the Mitsubishi Canter . The 4G64 is a very popular engine in China, where it

1008-600: The Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution I-IX. Later versions also received Mitsubishi's variable valve timing system, MIVEC . A SOHC carbureted eight-valve version (engine code G63B) was also available in Mitsubishi's pickup trucks (L200, Strada, Mighty Max, Dodge Ram 50) from the eighties until the mid-nineties. It produces 92 hp (69 kW; 93 PS) at 5500 rpm in European trim (1989). The SOHC version

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1056-654: The Sapporo and Starion coupés during the so-called "turbo era" of the 1980s, before creating for itself an illustrious motorsport heritage as the powerplant under the hood of the World Rally Championship -winning Lancer Evolution . A UK -market Evo known as the FQ400 had a 400 bhp (298 kW; 406 PS) version of the Sirius , making it the most powerful car ever sold by Mitsubishi. The 4D6 diesel engines supplemented

1104-437: The intake manifold to the combustion chamber , and exhaust ports route combustion waste gases out the combustion chamber to the exhaust manifold . Valves open and close the ports, with the intakes offset fore-and-aft from the exhausts. The head also contains the spark plugs , and on water-cooled engines, the coolant passages. A single camshaft located in the engine block uses pushrods and rocker arms to actuate all

1152-440: The "Astron" family, and introduced in 1980 in the then new fifth generation Galant . As the first turbodiesel to be offered in a Japanese passenger car, it proved popular in the emerging SUV and minivan markets where Mitsubishi was highly successful, until superseded by the 4M4 range in 1993. However, production of the 4D5 (4D56) continued throughout the 1990s as a lower-cost option than the more modern powerplants. Until now it

1200-455: The 1990s. Mitsubishi Sirius engine#4G64 The Mitsubishi Sirius or 4G6/4D6 engine is the name of one of Mitsubishi Motors ' four series of inline-four automobile engines, along with Astron , Orion , and Saturn . The 4G6 gasoline engines were the favoured performance variant for Mitsubishi. The 4G61T powered their Colt Turbo , while the 4G63T , first introduced in the 1980 Lancer EX 2000 Turbo , went on to see service in

1248-399: The 2003 US Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution is 202 kW (271 bhp; 275 PS) at 6500 rpm with 370 N⋅m (273 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3500 rpm. It has a cast iron engine block and aluminium DOHC cylinder head. It uses multi-point fuel injection, has four valves per cylinder, is turbocharged and intercooled and features forged steel connecting rods . The final version of

1296-525: The Australian-made version was marketed as the "Astron II" and featured " Balance Shaft " technology, which was subsequently licensed to Porsche and other automakers. The original engine featured a Mikuni two-barrel carburetor with a secondary vacuum actuator; later versions adopted EFI. Chrysler commonly paired this engine with its A470 3-speed automatic transmission; in Australia, Mitsubishi adapted it to

1344-535: The Galant GTO GSR and A115 Galant GS-II. Used an 84 mm × 90 mm (3.31 in × 3.54 in) bore and stroke. In Australia this engine was used in the Sigma, Scorpion and L200. The SOHC eight-valve 4G53 displaces 2.4 L (2,384 cc), with bore & stroke at 88 mm × 98 mm (3.46 in × 3.86 in). Peak power is 110 PS (81 kW) at 5000 rpm, as fitted to

1392-498: The N33 and N83 Space Wagons and Galant (UK market) received the 4G63, in single-cam sixteen-valve format. A similar version, with 100 PS (74 kW; 99 bhp), was also used in some light duty Mitsubishi Canters from 1997 on. The Mitsubishi Eclipse , Eagle Talon and Plymouth Laser introduced the DOHC turbocharged intercooled version to the U.S. in 1989 through Diamond Star Motors ,

1440-625: The Rosa bus or the Canter cabover truck. This engine shares its dimensions with the contemporary Fuso 4DR1 diesel engine. The SOHC eight-valve 4G54 (also known as the G54B ) displaces 2.6 L (2,555 cc), with bore & stroke at 91.1 mm × 98 mm (3.59 in × 3.86 in). The G54B for the US market had a cylinder head with additional jet valves to improve emissions (MCA-Jet system). The engine

1488-476: The block , therefore the head is usually a simple plate of metal bolted to the top of the engine block . Sidevalve engines were once universal but are now largely obsolete in automobiles, found almost exclusively in small engines such as lawnmowers, weed trimmers and chainsaws. Intake Over Exhaust (IOE) engines combined elements of the sidevalve and overhead valve designs. Used extensively in American motorcycles in

Mitsubishi Astron engine - Misplaced Pages Continue

1536-446: The early 1900s, the IOE engine remained in production in limited numbers until the 1990s. IOE engines are more efficient than sidevalve engines, but also more complex, larger and more expensive to manufacture. In an overhead valve (OHV) or overhead camshaft (OHC) engine, the cylinder head contains several airflow passages called ports ; intake ports deliver the fuel+air intake charge from

1584-501: The engine was found in Lancer Evolution IX. It was equipped with Mitsubishi's variable valve timing system, MIVEC. This version also had a revised turbocharger, extended reach spark plugs, two-piece rings. A SOHC 16 valve turbocharged version called 4G63S4T is produced by Shenyang Aerospace Mitsubishi Motors Engine Manufacturing ( SAME ) in Shenyang , China , producing a peak power of 130 kW (174 hp; 177 PS) and

1632-584: The engines commenced in April 2000. The Chinese market Ford Transit and its successor, the JMC Teshun use the 4G64 engine as a standard petrol option unlike the international third generation version which uses regular Ford engines. Turbocharged version of the 4G64. Known as the "Sirius Diesel", the 4D65 has the same dimensions as the 4G62 1,795 cc (1.8 L). It was available either naturally aspirated or turbocharged (with an air-to-air intercooler), and

1680-442: The head is a simple plate of metal containing the spark plugs and possibly heat dissipation fins . In more modern overhead valve and overhead camshaft engines, the head is a more complicated metal block that also contains the inlet and exhaust passages, and often coolant passages , Valvetrain components, and fuel injectors . A piston engine typically has one cylinder head per bank of cylinders . Most modern engines with

1728-449: The larger 4D5 . Bore pitch is 93 mm. The 4G61 displaces 1,595 cc (1.6 L) with bore/ full length stroke of 82.3 mm × 75 mm (3.24 in × 2.95 in). This engine was always DOHC 16-valve and used either Multi-point (MPFI) or Electronic Control (ECFI) fuel injection . A turbocharged version was also produced for the Mirage and Lancer. Unlike

1776-421: The new SOHC MIVEC head. Utilized 4G63 shortblock. Utilized 4G69 shortblock. All 4K1 models are available for both longitudinal and transverse applications. In 2017, Mitsubishi launched a new series of gasoline inline-four engines called the 4K2 series. Originally consisting of three models, 4K20, 4K21 and 4K22, they are available in naturally aspirated as well as turbocharged versions. This new design

1824-462: The other Sirius motors, the 4G61 does not have balance shafts .   (late) 160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp) at 6000 rpm and 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2500 rpm. The larger 1.8 L 4G62 was an SOHC 8-valve unit for longitudinal rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive use. With a bore and stroke of 80.6 mm × 88 mm (3.17 in × 3.46 in), it displaces 1,795 cc (1.8 L). It

1872-504: The turbocharged Sirius' name was changed to "Cyclone Dash". As fitted to the fifth generation Galant 200 PS (147 kW; 197 bhp) JIS gross were claimed — the output claims later shrank to 170 PS (125 kW; 168 bhp) — for the turbocharged and intercooled "Sirius Dash 3x2 valve" engine. This version could switch between breathing through two or three valves per cylinder, to combine high top-end power with low-end drivability as well as allowing for economical operation. It

1920-466: The valves. OHV engines are typically more compact than equivalent OHC engines, and fewer parts mean cheaper production, but they have largely been replaced by OHC designs, except in some American V8 engines. An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine locates the camshaft(s) in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. Eliminating pushrods lessens valvetrain inertia and provides space for optimized port designs, both providing increased power potential. In

1968-463: Was a modification of Mitsubishi MCA-Jet technology which used a secondary intake valve to inject air into the engine for more efficient emissions control. The DOHC version was introduced in 1987 in the Japanese market Galant, and came in turbocharged or naturally aspirated form. It is found in various models including the 1988-92 Mitsubishi Galant VR-4 , the U.S. market 1990-1999 Mitsubishi Eclipse , and

Mitsubishi Astron engine - Misplaced Pages Continue

2016-565: Was also used in Mitsubishi Galant models until 1993. It has 76 kW (102 bhp; 103 PS) of output and 157 N⋅m (116 lbf⋅ft) of torque at 4,750 rpm. Also, a SOHC version was produced until the late 90s and early 2000s and was used in Mitsubishi cars like the Montero and the 2.0 L 2-door Pajero with an output of 101 kW (137 PS; 135 bhp) at 4700 rpm. Also

2064-522: Was available either in carburetor form, multi-point fuel injection, or ECI Turbo as found in the Lancer EX 1800GSR or 1800GT, and Cordia GSR. Turbocharged version of the 4G62 The 4G63 was a 1,997 cc (2.0 L) version. Bore x stroke is 85 mm × 88 mm (3.35 in × 3.46 in) SOHC and DOHC were produced. Both versions were available in either naturally aspirated and turbocharged form. For front-wheel drive applications,

2112-547: Was fitted to various Mitsubishi models from 1978 to 1997 and to the American Chrysler K-cars and their derivatives between 1981 and 1987. It was primarily set up longitudinally for use in rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive platforms but also as a transverse engine in the front-wheel drive platform of the Mitsubishi Magna and Chrysler K platform . Chrysler commonly marketed the engine " Hemi ," whereas

2160-494: Was the powerplant of the Lancer Evolution when Tommi Mäkinen won his four consecutive WRC championships in his Lancer. MHI and T-4 turbos were both used as power for these engines. A 1.7L variant of the 4G63 was also used in a custom made hill-climb a DDR Motorsport DDR Grullón GT4 made by Komvet Racing. The 4G64 is the second largest variant, at 2,351 cc (2.4 L). Early models were 8-valve SOHC , but

2208-419: Was typical for Mitsubishi, but unusual for diesel engines, in being equipped with balance shafts . A number of installations combined this engine with four-wheel-drive. The 16-valve DOHC 4G67 displaced 1,836 cc (1.8 L). Bore x Stroke: 81.5 mm × 88 mm (3.21 in × 3.46 in) Known as the "Sirius Diesel", the 4D68 version displaces 1,998 cc (2.0 L). It

2256-442: Was used in most Mitsubishi diesel passenger cars in the eighties and beginning of the nineties. It was developed specifically to be transversally installed in front-wheel-drive cars, unlike the preceding 4D5-series which remained in production for commercial vehicles. The 1.8 TD power figures are comparable to those of the 22 percent larger, 2.3 liter 4D55, with more low-down torque and while being much smoother. The cast-iron block

2304-790: Was used on the Changfeng Lièbào, a series of cars based on the Mitsubishi Pajero V20 from 2002 to 2021, and the Soueast Delica based on the Mitsubishi Delica van from 1996 to 2013. The 4G64 engine has been produced by Shenyang Aerospace Mitsubishi Motors Engine Manufacturing ( SAME ), in Shenyang , China where it was assembled through semi-knockdown kits in August 1998 and complete knockdown kits in September 1999. Regular assembling of

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