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34-412: This Paktia Province , Afghanistan location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Paktia Province 33°36′N 69°30′E  /  33.6°N 69.5°E  / 33.6; 69.5 Paktia ( Pashto پکتيا – Paktyā ) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan , located in the east of the country. Forming part of the larger Loya Paktia region, Paktia Province

68-696: A skilled birth attendant fell from 9% in 2005 to 3% in 2011. The overall literacy rate (6+ years of age) fell from 35% in 2005 to 27% in 2011. The overall net enrolment rate (6–13 years of age) fell from 65% in 2005 to 24% in 2011. Paktia shares a border with the Kurram district of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. Within Afghanistan, it borders Logar Province , Ghazni Province , Paktika Province , and Khost Province , in counterclockwise order. Paktia

102-638: Is Loya paktia Paktia used to be a unified province with Khost and Paktika until Khost became a separate province in 1985. These three provinces are now referred to as Loya Paktia , meaning "Greater Paktia". Paktia came to prominence during the 1980s, when a significant portion of Afghanistan's leadership originated from the province. Some of the more notable leaders include Najibullah Ahmadzai (a former President of Afghanistan ), Mohammad Aslam Watanjar , Shahnawaz Tanai , and Sayed Muhammad Gulabzoi . Between 7 and 8 January 1988, in Paktia Province, near

136-449: Is a largely mountainous province, with most of the population living in the central valley stretching from Ahmadkhel in the east down through Zurmat and into neighboring Paktika province . The eastern part of the province, particularly Tsamkani and Dand Aw Patan , is a second valley leading into Pakistan. Jaji (Zazi) and Jani Khel districts are largely mountainous with much smaller inhabited valleys. The Khost-Gardez Pass area, to

170-549: Is divided into 15 districts and has a population of roughly 623,000, which is mostly a tribal society living in rural areas. Pashtuns make up the majority of the population and a small percentage include Tajiks . Gardez is the provincial capital. The traditional food in Paktia is known as (dandakai) which is made from rice and mung bean or green gram. It's also significant for being the area where Operation Magistral by The Soviet Union took place. Late Nov, of 1987, to Jan, of 1988

204-480: Is predominantly Pashtun , with a small Tajik population." According to the figures below, the ethnic groups of the province are as follows: 91% Pashtun and 9% Tajiks . Gerda Serai , Ahmadkhel , and Mirzaka are unofficial districts. Afridi The Afrīdī ( Pashto : اپريدی Aprīdai , plur. اپريدي Aprīdī ; Urdu : آفریدی ) are a Pashtun tribe present mostly in tribal areas in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan . The Afridis are most dominant in

238-937: Is then it took place, when Soviet Forces retreated. In 2021, the Taliban gained control of the province during the 2021 Taliban offensive . Paktia (pashto پکتیا - Paktya) is the land of pakthas or pakth (pashto - پکهت), According to Mandala 7 of the Rigveda (RV 7.18.7), "Together came the Pakthas (44?4), the Bhalanas, the Alinas, the Sivas, the Visanins. Yet to the Trtsus came the Arya's Comrade, through love of spoil and heroes' war, to lead them". The Pakthas were one of

272-644: The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 and the ongoing Kashmir conflict . Today, Afridis make use of their dominant positions along the Durand Line in areas of Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province by controlling transport and various businesses, including trade in armaments, munitions and goods. Beside commercial activities, the Afridis also occupy substantial representation among Pakistan Armed Forces and paramilitary forces such as Khyber Rifles . The Afridi Tribe

306-476: The Khataba raid . U.S. special forces were later accused of attempting to cover up the incident. Head of Joint Special Operations Command , U.S. Vice Admiral William McRaven stated that the deaths were a "terrible mistake", offered an apology, accepted responsibility for the deaths and made a traditional Afghan condolence offering of sheep. After some early unrest a long period of relative calm followed, despite

340-479: The Mughal army in the 1670s. The Afridis once destroyed two large Mughal armies of Emperor Aurangzeb : in 1672, in a surprise attack between Peshawar and Kabul , and in the winter of 1673, in an ambush in the mountain passes. The emperor sent his Rajput general Rai Tulsidas with reinforcements into the mountains to suffocate the revolt and liberate the mountain. Allegedly, only five Mughal soldiers made it out of

374-713: The Spin Ghar range west of Peshawar in Tribal areas of modern-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , covering most of the Khyber Pass and Maidan in Tirah . which is their Native Tribal Territory. They are the closest to Orakzai in their language, culture & areas. Herodotus , in his Histories , mentions an Indian tribe named Aparytai (Ἀπαρύται) inhabiting the Achaemenid satrapy of Arachosia . Thomas Holdich and Olaf Caroe have linked them with

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408-745: The martial races theory . Different Afridi clans also cooperated with the British in exchange for subsidies, and some even served with the Khyber Rifles , an auxiliary force of the British Indian Army . Shortly after the Partition of India and the creation of Pakistan , Afridi tribesmen were among the ranks of the Pashtun militias that invaded the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir in October 1947, sparking

442-467: The 1st Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) in Gardez. In September 2006, Governor Hakim Taniwal was killed by a Taliban suicide bomber as he left his office in Gardez. At the time, Taniwal was the highest-ranking post-Taliban official to be killed by insurgent forces in the country. On 12 February 2010, five civilians including two pregnant women and a teenage girl were killed by U.S. special forces during

476-587: The Afridi tribe: The Sattagydae, Gandarii, Dadicae, and Aparytae (Ἀπαρύται) paid together a hundred and seventy talents; this was the seventh province The origin of the Afridis is uncertain. Among the Afridi six Ḵaybar clans are generally distinguished: the Kūkī Ḵēl, Kambar Ḵēl, Kamar Ḵēl, Malek-dīn Ḵēl, Sepāh, and Zakkā Ḵēl (or Zəḵā Ḵēl), in the Khyber pass region. In addition, there are two "assimilated clans" not recognized by

510-607: The Khyber Pass, which has served as a corridor connecting the Indian subcontinent with Afghanistan and Central Asia. Its strategic value was not lost on the Mughals to whom the Afridis were implacably hostile. Over the course of Mughal rule, Emperors Akbar and Jahangir both dispatched punitive expeditions to suppress the Afridis, with little success. Under the leadership of Darya Khan Afridi , they engaged in protracted warfare against

544-560: The Pakistani–Afghan border, the Battle for Hill 3234 took place, which was a successful defensive action fought by the 345th Independent Guards Airborne Regiment, 39 Soviet Airborne Troops, in Soviet occupied Afghanistan against a force of up to 200 to 250 Mujahideen rebels. Soviet commanders wanted to secure the entire section of the road from Gardez to Khost. One of the most important points

578-661: The battle alive and the rest of the Mughals were brutally slaughtered. During the First , Second , and Third Anglo-Afghan Wars , Afridis fought against the British; these skirmishes comprised some of the fiercest fighting of the Anglo-Afghan Wars . Ajab Khan Afridi was a well-known independence activist against the British Raj . The British colonial administration regarded the Pashtun Afridi tribesmen as "martial tribe" under

612-564: The ensuing battle, the Soviet unit was in constant communication with headquarters and received everything the leadership of 40th Army had to offer in terms of artillery support, ammunition, reinforcements, and helicopter evacuation of the wounded. The exhausted and mostly wounded Soviets were nearly out of ammunition but continued to occupy the hill until the last convoy passed through the road below. The Soviet forces sustained very low casualties, with six men killed and 28 injured out of 39. Two of

646-451: The fall of the Taliban government , Paktia was one of the most chaotic regions in the country, as a small civil war broke out between rival militia commanders for control of the province, and Taliban and al-Qaeda fighters gave occupying U.S. troops some of their heaviest losses in the cave complexes south of Gardez. Paktia was the site of heavy fighting between Taliban insurgents and ISAF -backed Afghan National Security Forces . Paktia

680-568: The first six, the Akā Ḵēl, settled south of the Bārā river in contact with the Ōrakzī, and the Ādam Ḵēl, occupying a mountainous region between Peshawar and Kohat. This complex clan structure,  perhaps reflects the diversity of the origins of the different ethnic groups forming this great tribe. The Afridis and their allies Khalils were first mentioned in the memoirs of Mughal Emperor Babar as violent tribes in need of subduing. The Afridi tribes controlled

714-524: The land of Indus. Now we know that they did the same thing with pakthus Pakthus pakt/pakth-ia (la=land of) = paktia, The land of pakthus. Pactyan (pactian) These Pactyans lived on the eastern frontier of the Achaemenid Arachosia Satrapy as early as the 1st millennium BCE. Herodotus ( The Father of the History ) - An ancient Greek historian, wrote a book 2500 years ago in 500BC. He used

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748-462: The mujahideen's guns, with the commander of the first platoon, Lt. Viktor Gagarin, directing fire via radio. When rebel fire slackened, it was clear that this was the beginning of an infantry assault. The airborne troopers were attacked by a coordinated and well-armed force of between 200 and 250 mujahideen. Attacks were made from two directions, indicating that the assailants may have been assisted by rebels trained in Pakistan by American agents. During

782-568: The occasional high-profile incident such as the 2006 assassination of the governor, by a suicide bomber. There was a rise in violent incidents when the pullout of American troops neared in 2014. Some regions of Paktia are also believed to be a safe haven for militants from the Haqqani network , an anti-government combat organisation involved in the Taliban insurgency . The percentage of households with clean drinking water increased from 30% in 2005 to 36% in 2011. The percentage of births attended to by

816-616: The past 500 years. Prior to that Pashtuns were the Pakhtas of Rig Veda and Paktuans of Herodotus . the word "-ia" is a Latin ending (-ia in Ancient Greek) used to form abstract nouns. In this case, the "abstract" noun referred to a nation, that is, a collection of people and the locations where they lived. For example, the land of the Germani was Germania. so the word "ia" is a Greek word which means "land of" as Armenia, Syria, Australia. India

850-484: The safe passage of convoys. Shortly after landing, the airborne troopers, who were well trained and experienced in Afghan conditions, started to take up positions which covered both the road and the uphill passages. Just as they had dug in, the mujahideen began their attack at 1530 hrs. First they fired with all possible weapons including recoilless guns and RPGs. After a few salvos, Soviet artillery replied and silenced some of

884-736: The soldiers killed, Vyacheslav Alexandrovich Alexandrov and Andrey Alexandrovich Melnikov , were posthumously awarded the golden star of the Hero of the Soviet Union . All of the paratroopers in this battle were given the Order of the Red Banner and Order of the Red Star . According to Soviet estimates, the mujahideen lost over 200 men. And Soviets lost 70–200 men . The Mujahideen wore black uniforms with rectangular black-yellow-red stripes. Immediately after

918-506: The south of Gardez, is mountainous with settlements limited to the main pass and smaller valleys. As of 2005, Azra district is no longer a part of Paktya. It has been attached to Logar province to the north, to which it is much more closely connected by roadways and people. As of 2021, the total population of the province is 622,831. According to the Institute for the Study of War , "The province

952-729: The tribes that fought against Sudas in the Dasarajna the Battle of the Ten Kings (dasarajna). The battle of the 10 Kings took place before Mahabharat , so at least around 5000 BC. Pakthas are an ancient people that find reference in Sanskrit and allegedly in Greek sources as a people living in the region which includes south-eastern province ( Loya Paktia ) in Afghanistan and northern parts of Pakistan . The terms Pashtun and Pashto have only been in use for

986-417: The word "pactyan" mean !? to understand what does it mean, we have to do the same thing that we did before. If we translate pactyan or pactian into pashto we will get the word "پکتیاوال" which we use it for a person from Loya patkia . the word "ian" denotes the people belongs to any country or land. So pashtuns are pactyan, pactyans are pakthas and pakth is one the oldest Aryan tribe. And their land

1020-500: The word Pactyans (pashto-پاکتیان) for Pashtuns who lived in Loy Paktia (which includes modern Afghanistan and Pakhtunkhwa regions). -Herodotus, The Histories, Book III, Chapter 102, Section 1 Herodotus also mentions a tribe of known as Aparytai ('AntapÚtal). Thomas Holdich has linked them with the Afridi tribe . -Herodotus, The Histories, Book III, Chapter 91, Section 4 So what does

1054-481: Was known as "Sapt-Sindhu" - which means seven rivers in Sanskrit- Indus (known as Sindhu then), The name of India is a corruption of the word Sindhu . Persians uttered 's' as 'h' and called this land Hindu. Greeks pronounced this name as Indus and The Romans picked up the name and the "land of Indus" came to be known as "India". they were Indus and as we know the word "ia" mean "the land of" so it becomes India

Mirzaka District - Misplaced Pages Continue

1088-652: Was one of the last redoubts of organized Taliban resistance; much of Operation Anaconda took place in Zurmat , Paktia's largest district. Pacha Khan Zadran was appointed provincial governor by Hamid Karzai in January 2002, but Zadran faced strong local opposition and was prevented from entering Gardez by Haji Saifullah, a local tribal elder who considered Zadran to be a "smuggler", "tyrant" and "killer". Forces loyal to Zadran attacked Gardez several times and were resisted by Saifullah's militia, leading to many people being killed. Zadran

1122-562: Was sacked by Karzai after ordering a deadly rocket attack at Gardez in February 2002. February 2003, the 1st Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) in Gardez commenced with the objective of providing funding for local Afghan projects concurrent to a reinforced security presence in overwatch. The PRT Gardez composition includes a reinforced platoon from the 504th 82nd ABN along with US Army Civil Affairs contingent plus Special Forces. In March 2003, USAID and State Department representatives joined

1156-405: Was the nameless hill designated Hill 3234 by its height of 3234 meters, which was assigned to the 9th Company of the 345th Independent Guards Airborne Regiment led by Colonel Valery Vostrotin. The 39-man company landed on the hilltop on 7 January 1988, tasked with creating and holding a hilltop strong point from which to observe and control a long section of the road beneath and thus secure it for

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