72-500: Mirax may refer to: Mirax (medication) Mirax Group , Russian investment and development company Mirax-Plaza Russia , a mixed use development in Moscow, Russia Mirax-Plaza Ukraine , a 46-storey building under construction in Kyiv, Ukraine Mirax of Egypt , martyr Mirax Terrik , Star Wars Legends character Topics referred to by
144-452: A side effect . Furthermore, anti-nausea drugs , such as metoclopramide , which do cross the blood–brain barrier , may worsen the extrapyramidal symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Domperidone can be used to relieve nausea and gastrointestinal symptoms in Parkinson's disease; it blocks peripheral D 2 receptors but minimally crosses the blood–brain barrier in normal doses, so has no effect on
216-528: A disease prevention arm. By 2014, Crucell was renamed as Janssen Vaccines . In March 2015, Janssen licensed tipifarnib (a farnesyl transferase inhibitor) to Kura Oncology who will assume sole responsibility for developing and commercialising the anti-cancer drug. Later in the same month the company announced that Galapagos Pharma had regained the rights to the anti-inflammatory drug candidate GLPG1690 as well as two other compounds including GLPG1205 (a first-in-class inhibitor of GPR84 ). In May 2016,
288-536: A drop in usage after a 2012 Health Canada advisory warning about domperidone. Parkinson's disease is a degenerative neurological condition where a decrease in dopamine in the brain leads to rigidity (stiffness of movement), tremor , and other symptoms and signs. Poor gastrointestinal function, nausea , and vomiting is are major problems for people with Parkinson's disease because most medications used to treat Parkinson's disease are given by mouth . These medications , such as levodopa , can cause nausea as
360-435: A drug company, to promote Remicade ( Infliximab ). In 2008, Centocor, Inc. and Ortho Biotech Inc. merged to form Centocor Ortho Biotech Inc. In June 2010, Centocor Ortho Biotech acquired RespiVert, a privately held drug discovery company focused on developing small-molecule, inhaled therapies for the treatment of pulmonary diseases. In June 2011, Centocor Ortho Biotech changed its name to Janssen Biotech, Inc. as part of
432-443: A four-story building. Still a student, Paul Janssen assisted in the development of paracetamol (USP: acetaminophen, often referred to generically under the trademark Tylenol ) under the name Perdolan , which would later become well-known. After the war, the name for the company products was changed to Eupharma , although the company name Richter would remain until 1956. Paul Janssen founded his own research laboratory in 1953 on
504-638: A global effort to unite the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies around the world under a common identity. In December 2014, the company announced it would co-develop MacroGenics cancer drug candidate ( MGD011 ) which targets both CD19 and CD3 proteins in treating B-cell malignant tumours. This could net MacroGenics up to $ 700 million. In January 2015, the company announced it would use Ionis Pharmaceuticals ' (formerly Isis Pharmaceuticals) Rna-targeting technology to discover and develop antisense drugs targeting autoimmune disorders of
576-931: A moderate increase of in breast milk volume for mothers of preterm infants with insufficient milk supply. The analysis also indicated that domperidone was well tolerated with no significant difference in maternal adverse events compared to placebo. Domperidone has no officially established dosage for increasing milk supply, but most published studies have used 10 mg three times daily for 4 to 10 days (30 mg per day). The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has expressed concerns about serious adverse side effects and concerns about its effectiveness. The FDA identified serious cardiac adverse events associated with domperidone use in lactating individuals, including arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, and sudden death. Additionally, discontinuation or tapering of domperidone has been linked to severe neuropsychiatric adverse events such as agitation, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Because of these risks,
648-555: A new manufacturing plant in St. Louis, Missouri, and is currently opening a new manufacturing facility in County Cork, Ireland. The Dutch plant has been expanded substantially with a $ 250 million investment in additional production facilities, which were opened in 2006. In 2007, Centocor broke new ground in advertising by releasing Innerstate , believed to be the first theatrically released documentary film both created and entirely funded by
720-726: A potential hormonal contraceptive to prevent pregnancy in women. Janssen Pharmaceutica Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine (formerly Janssen Pharmaceuticals ) is a Belgian pharmaceutical company headquartered in Beerse, Belgium , and wholly-owned by Johnson & Johnson . It was founded in 1953 by Paul Janssen . In 1961, Janssen Pharmaceuticals was purchased by New Jersey –based American corporation Johnson & Johnson, and became part of Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development (J&J PRD), now renamed to Janssen Research and Development (JRD), which conducts research and development activities related to
792-563: A publicly traded company. In the early 1980s, the company moved to Malvern, Pennsylvania . In 1984, Centocor opened an overseas plant in Leiden , the Netherlands . In 1997, eighteen years after its foundation, Centocor achieved its first year of operating profitability. In 1998, Centocor sold its diagnostic division to Fujirebio, Inc. In 1999, Centocor became a wholly owned subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson . In 2004, Centocor purchased
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#1732880823882864-444: A routine appointment, in light of the new advice. However, a 2015 Australian review concluded the following: Based on the results of the two TQT (the regulatory agency gold standard for assessment of QT prolongation) domperidone does not appear to be strongly associated with QT prolongation at oral doses of 20 mg QID in healthy volunteers. Further, there are limited case reports supporting an association with cardiac dysfunction, and
936-423: A significant effect on dopamine receptors in the central chemoreceptor trigger zone that regulated vomiting , and started searching for a dopamine antagonist that would not pass the blood–brain barrier , thereby being free of the extrapyramidal side effects that were associated with drugs of this type. This led to the discovery of domperidone as a strong antiemetic with minimal central effects. Domperidone
1008-564: A wide range of human medical disorders, including mental illness , neurological disorders , anesthesia and analgesia , gastrointestinal disorders , fungal infection, HIV/AIDS , allergies and cancer. Janssen and Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical have been placed in the Ortho-McNeil-Janssen group within Johnson & Johnson Company. The early roots of what would become Janssen Pharmaceuticals date back to 1933. In 1933, Constant Janssen ,
1080-484: Is 91 to 93%. The tissue distribution of domperidone based on animal studies is wide, but concentrations are low in the brain. The drug is a substrate for the P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) transporter, and animal studies suggest that this is the reason for the low central nervous system penetration of domperidone. Small amounts of domperidone cross the placenta in animals. Domperidone is extensively metabolized in
1152-507: Is about 7 to 9 hours in healthy individuals. However, the elimination half-life of domperidone can be prolonged to 20 hours in people with several renal dysfunction . Domperidone is a derivative of benzimidazolinone . It is structurally related to butyrophenone neuroleptics like haloperidol . Domperidone was synthesized at Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1974 following their research on antipsychotic drugs . Janssen pharmacologists discovered that some antipsychotic drugs had
1224-482: Is associated with a small increased risk of serious cardiac side effects. Its use is now restricted to the relief of nausea and vomiting and the dosage and duration of use have been reduced. It should no longer be used for the treatment of bloating and heartburn. Domperidone is now contraindicated in those with underlying cardiac conditions and other risk factors. Patients with these conditions and patients receiving long-term treatment with domperidone should be reassessed at
1296-411: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Mirax (medication) Domperidone , sold under the brand name Motilium among others, is a dopamine antagonist medication which is used to treat nausea and vomiting and certain gastrointestinal problems like gastroparesis (delayed gastric emptying ). It raises the level of prolactin in
1368-577: Is illegal. It is available over-the-counter to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease and functional dyspepsia in many countries, such as Ireland, the Netherlands, Italy, South Africa, Mexico, India, Chile, and China. Domperidone is not approved for use in the United States. There is an exception for use in people with treatment-refractory gastrointestinal symptoms under an FDA Investigational New Drug application. Domperidone has been studied as
1440-430: Is low (13–17% or approximately 15%). This is due to extensive first-pass metabolism in the intestines and liver . Conversely, its bioavailability is high via intramuscular injection (90%). The onset of action of domperidone taken orally is about 30 to 60 minutes. Peak levels of domperidone following an oral dose occur after about 60 minutes. Domperidone exposure increases proportionally with doses in
1512-610: Is most commonly idiopathic , a diabetic complication or a result of abdominal surgery. The condition causes nausea, vomiting, fullness after eating , early satiety (feeling full before the meal is finished), abdominal pain and bloating. Domperidone can be used to increase the transit of food through the stomach by increasing gastrointestinal peristalsis and hence to treat gastroparesis. It may be useful in idiopathic and diabetic gastroparesis. However, increased rate of gastric emptying induced by drugs like domperidone does not always correlate well with relief of symptoms. Domperidone
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#17328808238821584-491: Is under development for potential use in the United States and other countries. There is some evidence that domperidone has antiemetic activity. It is recommended by the Canadian Headache Society for treatment of nausea associated with acute migraine . Gastroparesis is a medical condition characterised by delayed emptying of the stomach when there is no mechanical gastric outlet obstruction . Its cause
1656-490: Is used off-label in some countries to stimulate lactation or enhance breast milk production, but, as of December 2023, it is not approved for that purpose in any country, and is not approved for use in humans in the United States. Domperidone acts as a peripheral dopamine antagonist and is hypothesized to stimulate prolactin secretion, with a 2003 study supporting that hypothesis. A 2018 meta-analysis of five randomized controlled trials found that domperidone resulted in
1728-580: The Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Development (JJPRD) organization. The research activities of the Janssen Research Foundation (JRF) and the R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute (PRI) (United States) were merged into the new global research organization. A new building for pharmaceutical development was completed in Beerse in 2001. In 2002, a new logistics and informatics centre
1800-454: The active ingredients for the company's medicines. In 1975, the first plant of a new chemical factory Plant I was established in Geel, Plant II was opened in 1977, Plant III' in 1984, and Plant IV in 1995. In 1999 the remaining chemical production in Beerse was transferred to Geel. About 80% of its active components are manufactured here. The site in Geel also manufactures about two-thirds of
1872-443: The blood–brain barrier , and for this reason, is rarely associated with such side effects. However, domperidone theoretically might be able to produce some blockade of central D 2 receptors at higher doses, in turn producing side effects similar to those of centrally permeable D 2 receptor antagonists like antipsychotics. Due to D 2 receptor blockade, domperidone causes hyperprolactinemia . Hyperprolactinemia can suppress
1944-469: The central nervous system , D 2 receptor antagonists like metoclopramide and antipsychotics can also produce a variety of additional side effects including drowsiness , akathisia , restlessness , insomnia , lassitude , fatigue , extrapyramidal symptoms , dystonia , Parkinsonian symptoms , tardive dyskinesia , and depression . However, this is not the case with domperidone, because, unlike other D 2 receptor antagonists, it minimally crosses
2016-406: The chemoreceptor trigger zone and from gastrointestinal symptoms by blocking D 2 receptors in the gut. It blocks D 2 receptors in the lactotrophs of the anterior pituitary gland increasing release of prolactin which in turn increases lactation . Domperidone may be more useful in some patients and cause harm in others by way of the genetics of the person, such as polymorphisms in
2088-478: The liver and intestines with oral administration. This occurs via hydroxylation and N-dealkylation . Domperidone is almost exclusively metabolized by CYP3A4 / 5 , though minor contributions by CYP1A2 , CYP2D6 , and CYP2C8 have been reported. CYP3A4 is the major enzyme involved in the N-dealkylation of domperidone, while CYP3A4, CYP1A2, and CYP2E1 are involved in its aromatic hydroxylation. All of
2160-400: The metabolites of domperidone are inactive as D 2 receptor ligands. Overall and peak levels of domperidone are increased by about 2.9- and 1.5-fold in moderate hepatic impairment , respectively. Domperidone is eliminated 31% in urine and 66% in feces. The proportion of domperidone excreted unchanged is small (10% in feces and 1% in urine). The elimination half-life of domperidone
2232-687: The pituitary gland is outside of the blood–brain barrier . Domperidone was discovered in 1974 and was introduced for medical use in 1979. It was developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica . Domperidone is available over-the-counter in many countries, for instance in Europe and elsewhere throughout the world. It is not approved for use in the United States. However, it is available in the United States for people with severe and treatment-refractory gastrointestinal motility problems under an expanded access individual-patient investigational new drug application. An analogue of domperidone called deudomperidone
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2304-499: The 10 to 20 mg dose range. There is a 2- to 3-fold accumulation in levels of domperidone with frequent repeated oral administration of domperidone (four times per day (every 5 hours) for 4 days). The oral bioavailability of domperidone is somewhat increased, and time to peak slightly increased when it is taken with food and bioavailability is decreased by prior concomitant administration of cimetidine and sodium bicarbonate . The plasma protein binding of domperidone
2376-546: The FDA strongly cautions against the use of domperidone to enhance lactation. A review by Health Canada also found a link between the sudden discontinuation or tapering of domperidone when used off-label for lactation, and psychiatric withdrawal events, particularly daily doses greater than the maximum recommended dose of 30 mg per day. A 2021 study found that postpartum usage of domperidone increased across five Canadian provinces from 2004 and 2017 with usage plateauing in 2011 and
2448-504: The United Kingdom, domperidone is only indicated for the treatment of nausea and vomiting and the treatment duration is usually limited to 1 week. In the United States, domperidone is not a legally marketed human drug and it is not approved for sale in the United States. In June 2004, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning that distributing any domperidone-containing products
2520-509: The antipsychotic drug risperidone ( Risperdal ). In 2010, the agency joined a whistleblower suit alleging that despite being warned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration not to promote Risperdal as effective and safe for elderly patients, in whom it was known to be associated with early death, Johnson & Johnson and Janssen Pharmaceuticals paid pharmacists at Omnicare , the largest supplier of pharmaceuticals to nursing homes, tens of millions of dollars in bribes and kickbacks to promote
2592-467: The board of directors. On 10 February 1964, the name was changed to Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. and the seat of the company in Turnhout was also transferred to Beerse. The company was led by Paul Janssen, Bob Stouthuysen and Frans Van Den Bergh. When, in 1971 to 1972 the pharmaceutical production also moved to Beerse, the move from Turnhout was completed. Between 1990 and 2004, Janssen expanded worldwide, and
2664-458: The child's immature blood–brain barrier . In healthy volunteers, the CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole increased the C max and AUC concentrations of domperidone by 3- to 10-fold. This was accompanied by a QT interval prolongation of about 10–20 milliseconds when domperidone 10 mg four times daily and ketoconazole 200 mg twice daily were administered, whereas domperidone by itself at
2736-482: The company grew in size to about 28,000 employees worldwide. From the beginning, Janssen emphasized as its core activity research for the development of new drugs. The research department which was established in Beerse in 1957, developed into a large research campus. In 1987, the Janssen Research Foundation (JRF) was founded which performs research into new drugs at Beerse and in other laboratories around
2808-505: The company launched a collaboration MacroGenics and their preclinical cancer treatment, MGD015. The deal could net MacroGenics more than $ 740 million. In September 2017 it was announced that Janssen teamed up with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), a unit of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services , to create pandemic flu vaccines . BARDA is giving Janssen $ 43 million in
2880-483: The company opened a new research facility in Beerse, but the move to Beerse would not be completed until 1971 to 1972. On 2 May 1958, the research department in Beerse became a separate legal entity, the N.V. Research Laboratorium C. Janssen . On 25 October 1961, the company was acquired by the American corporation Johnson & Johnson . The negotiations with Johnson & Johnson were led by Frans Van den Bergh , head of
2952-427: The dosage assessed produced no such effect. As such, domperidone with ketoconazole or other CYP3A4 inhibitors is a potentially dangerous combination. Domperidone is a peripherally selective dopamine D 2 and D 3 receptor antagonist . It has no clinically significant interaction with the D 1 receptor , unlike metoclopramide . The medication provides relief from nausea by blocking D 2 receptors in
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3024-457: The drug to physicians for this unapproved use. The lawsuit resulted in a 2012 provisional settlement totaling $ 2.3 billion, with Omnicare having already settled for around $ 100 million. Four states were awarded damages: Louisiana ($ 258 million in 2010), South Carolina ($ 327 million in 2011), Texas ($ 158 million in 2012), and Arkansas ($ 1.2 billion in 2012). Former head of sales and president of Janssen Alex Gorsky , who according to
3096-435: The drug transporter gene ABCB1 (which encodes P-glycoprotein ), the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNH2 gene ( hERG/K v 11.1 ), and the α 1D -adrenergic receptor ADRA1D gene. A single 20 mg oral dose of domperidone has been found to increase mean serum prolactin levels (measured 90 minutes post-administration) in non-lactating women from 8.1 ng/mL to 110.9 ng/mL (a 13.7-fold increase). This
3168-431: The elderly, as well as with drugs that interact with domperidone and increase its circulating concentrations (namely CYP3A4 inhibitors). Conflicting reports exist, however. In neonates and infants, QT prolongation is controversial and uncertain. UK drug regulatory authorities (MHRA) have issued the following restriction on domperidone in 2014 due to increased risk of adverse cardiac effects: Domperidone (Motilium)
3240-423: The extrapyramidal symptoms of the disease. In addition, domperidone may be useful in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension caused by dopaminergic therapy in people with Parkinson's disease. Domperidone may be used in functional dyspepsia in both adults and children. It has also been found effective in the treatment of reflux in children. However some specialists consider its risks prohibitory of
3312-535: The father of Paul Janssen, acquired the right to distribute the pharmaceutical products of Richter , a Hungarian pharmaceutical company, for Belgium, the Netherlands and Belgian Congo . On 23 October 1934, he founded the N.V. Produkten Richter in Turnhout . In 1937, Constant Janssen acquired an old factory building in the Statiestraat 78 in Turnhout for his growing company, which he expanded during World War II into
3384-641: The first approval of a new type of antidepressant in decades. In 2021, Janssen was named as a defendant in a trial against several opioid manufacturers filed by New York Attorney General Letitia Jame. The company was later removed from the case after Johnson & Johnson agreed to a pay a $ 230 million settlement to New York State. The subsidiary Janssen Biotech, Inc. was founded in Philadelphia in 1979 as Centocor Biotech, Inc. , with an initial goal of developing new diagnostic assays using monoclonal antibody technology. In 1982, Centocor transitioned into
3456-418: The first year and $ 273 million over five years for the contract. One of the projects in the contract is the development of a universal flu vaccine. The intent of the vaccine would be to protect people against all or most flu strains. On 5 March 2019, the Food and Drug Administration approved Janssen's Spravato ( esketamine nasal spray ) for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder . This marked
3528-420: The frequently cited case-control studies have significant flaws. While there remains an ill-defined risk at higher systemic concentrations, especially in patients with a higher baseline risk of QT prolongation, our review does not support the view that domperidone presents intolerable risk. In Britain a legal case involved the death of two children of a mother whose three children had all had hypernatraemia . She
3600-430: The gastrointestinal tract. In December 2019, XBiotech Inc. announced it would sell its novel antibody treatment ( bermekimab ) that neutralizes interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1⍺) to Janssen Biotech, Inc. On 27 March 2020, the U.S. Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) allocated $ 456 million for J&J (Janssen) to develop a vaccine against the novel coronavirus . Janssen Pharmaceuticals
3672-659: The globe. Janssen became the Flemish company with the largest budget for research and development. Beside the headquarters in Beerse with its research departments, pharmaceutical production and the administrative departments, Janssen Pharmaceutica in Belgium still has offices in Berchem ( Janssen-Cilag ), a chemical factory in Geel , and Janssen Biotech in Olen . The Chemical Production plant in Geel makes
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#17328808238823744-466: The higher estrogen levels in women, as estrogen stimulates prolactin secretion from the pituitary gland . For comparison, normal prolactin levels in women are less than 20 ng/mL, prolactin levels peak at 100 to 300 ng/mL at parturition in pregnant women, and in lactating women, prolactin levels have been found to be 90 ng/mL at 10 days postpartum and 44 ng/mL at 180 days postpartum. The absolute bioavailability of domperidone
3816-559: The human body and is used off label to induce and promote breast milk production . It may be taken by mouth or rectally . Side effects may include headache , anxiety, dry mouth , abdominal cramps , diarrhea , and elevated prolactin levels . Secondary to increased prolactin levels, breast changes , milk outflow , menstrual irregularities , and hypogonadism can occur. Domperidone may also cause QT prolongation and has rarely been associated with serious cardiac complications such as sudden cardiac death . However,
3888-822: The market about 70 new active substances ( NCE ), of which the most well-known are (name may differ): Eight original Janssen drugs have been included on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines : In 1984, Centocor developed their first product approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) – a diagnostic test used to detect the rabies virus. In 1998, the company launched its top-selling monoclonal antibody Remicade ( infliximab ) for its first FDA approved indication in Crohn's disease . Subsequently, Remicade's market has expanded with approvals for rheumatoid arthritis , ankylosing spondylitis , psoriatic arthritis , ulcerative colitis , and pediatric Crohn's disease. Remicade
3960-547: The project. In 1983, Janssen signed a cooperation contract to modernize production in an old chemical factory in the city of Hanzhong , in Shaanxi . This factory would soon produce the active compound of some Janssen products, such as mebendazole . In 1985, now operating as Xian-Janssen Pharmaceuticals, a new large factory was opened in the city of Xi'an , also in Shaanxi province. Janssen Pharmaceuticals has developed and brought to
4032-478: The risk of prolactinomas , but more research is needed to confirm this. Domperidone use is associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (by 70%) most likely through its prolonging effect of the cardiac QT interval and ventricular arrhythmias . The cause is thought to be blockade of hERG voltage-gated potassium channels . The risks are dose-dependent, and appear to be greatest with high/very high doses via intravenous administration and in
4104-470: The risks are small and occur more with high doses. Domperidone acts as a peripherally selective antagonist of the dopamine D 2 and D 3 receptors . Due to its low entry into the brain , the side effects of domperidone are different from those of other dopamine receptor antagonists like metoclopramide and it produces little in the way of central nervous system adverse effects. However, domperidone can nonetheless increase prolactin levels as
4176-407: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Mirax . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mirax&oldid=1256829805 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
4248-802: The secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus , in turn suppressing the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and resulting in hypogonadism and low levels of the sex hormones estradiol and testosterone . Accordingly, 10 to 15% of females have been reported to experience mammoplasia (breast enlargement), mastodynia (breast pain/tenderness), galactorrhea (inappropriate or excessive milk production/secretion), and amenorrhea (cessation of menstrual cycles ) with domperidone therapy. Males may experience low libido , erectile dysfunction , and impaired spermatogenesis , as well as galactorrhea and gynecomastia . D 2 receptor antagonists like antipsychotics and domperidone may also increase
4320-488: The third floor of the building in the Statiestraat , still within the Richter-Eupharma company of his father. In 1955, he and his team developed their first drug, Neomeritine ( ambucetamide ), an antispasmodic found to be particularly effective for the relief of menstrual pain. On 5 April 1956, the name of the company was changed to NV Laboratoria Pharmaceutica C. Janssen (named after Constant Janssen). On 27 April 1957,
4392-407: The treatment of infantile reflux. Domperidone is available for use by oral administration in the form of tablets , orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) and suspension , and by rectal administration in the form of suppositories . The oral tablets are available in the strength of 10 mg. Domperidone has been studied for use by intramuscular injection and an intravenous formulation
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#17328808238824464-509: The use of domperidone-containing medicines. It also approved earlier published suggestions by Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee (PRAC) to use domperidone only for treating nausea and vomiting and reduce maximum daily dosage to 10 mg . Domperidone is the generic name of the drug and its INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name , USAN Tooltip United States Adopted Name , BAN Tooltip British Approved Name , and JAN Tooltip Japanese Accepted Name . It
4536-477: The worldwide chemical production of the pharmaceutical sector of Johnson & Johnson . In 1995, the Center for Molecular Design (CMD) was founded by Paul Janssen and Paul Lewi . In 1999, clinical research and non-clinical development become a global organization within Johnson & Johnson. In 2001, part of the research activities was transferred to the United States with the reorganization of research activities in
4608-590: Was patented in the United States in 1978, with the patent filed in 1976 . In 1979, domperidone was first marketed, under the brand name Motilium, in Switzerland and West Germany. Domperidone was subsequently introduced in the forms of orally disintegrating tablets (based on Zydis technology) in 1999. In April 2014, the Co-ordination Group for Mutual Recognition and Decentralised Procedures – Human (CMDh) published official press-release suggesting to restrict
4680-540: Was approved for plaque psoriasis in September 2006. Centocor also markets ReoPro ( abciximab ), a biologic agent indicated as an adjunct to coronary angioplasty ( PTCA ). In 2009, the U.S. FDA approved Simponi , a human monoclonal antibody for treatment for arthritis, which was co-developed with Medarex , Inc. In 2004, the United States Department of Justice began investigating sales practices surrounding
4752-400: Was charged with poisoning the children with salt. One of the children, who was born at 28 weeks gestation with respiratory complications and had a fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux and failure to thrive was prescribed domperidone. An advocate for the mother suggested the child may have had neuroleptic malignant syndrome as a side effect of domperidone due to the drug crossing
4824-463: Was heightened (179.6 ng/mL; 24.3-fold above baseline). This indicates that acute and continuous administration of both domperidone and metoclopramide is effective in increasing prolactin levels, but that there are different effects on the secretion of prolactin with repeated use. The mechanism of the difference is unknown. The increase in prolactin levels observed with the two drugs was much greater in women than in men. This appears to be due to
4896-728: Was opened at a new site, Beerse 2 . In 2003 two new research buildings were constructed, the Discovery Research Center (DRC), and the Drug Safety Evaluation Center (DSEC). On 27 October 2004, the Paul Janssen Research Center , for discovery research, was inaugurated. In 2011, Johnson & Johnson subsidiary Centocor became Janssen Biotech , part of Janssen Pharmaceuticals. Also in 2011, Johnson & Johnson acquired Crucell, and assigned it to Janssen. The acquisition of Crucell provided Janssen with
4968-746: Was previously available, but the medication is now only available in forms for oral and rectal administration. Domperidone is used as immunotherapy to treat leishmania in dogs. Domperidone also has an FDA-approved formulation for the prevention of fescue toxicosis in periparturient mares. Domperidone is contraindicated with QT-prolonging drugs like amiodarone . Side effects associated with domperidone include dry mouth , abdominal cramps , diarrhea , nausea , rash , itching , hives , and hyperprolactinemia (the symptoms of which may include breast enlargement , galactorrhea , breast pain/tenderness , gynecomastia , hypogonadism , and menstrual irregularities ). Due to blockade of D 2 receptors in
5040-454: Was reported in 2007 that domperidone is available in 58 countries, but the uses or indications of domperidone vary between nations. In Italy it is used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease and in Canada, the drug is indicated in upper gastrointestinal motility disorders and to prevent gastrointestinal symptoms associated with the use of dopamine agonist antiparkinsonian agents. In
5112-432: Was similar to the increase in prolactin levels produced by a single 20 mg oral dose of metoclopramide (7.4 ng/mL to 124.1 ng/mL; 16.7-fold increase). After two weeks of repeated administration (30 mg/day in both cases), the increase in prolactin levels produced by domperidone was reduced (53.2 ng/mL; 6.6-fold above baseline), but the increase in prolactin levels produced by metoclopramide, conversely,
5184-611: Was the first Western pharmaceutical company to set up a pharmaceutical factory in the People's Republic of China. In 1976, Paul Janssen met Ma Haide (born George Shafik Hatem), a Lebanese-American doctor who had started working in China in 1933. After three days of meetings, the two agreed to bring a modernized pharmaceutical business to China. When Deng Xiaoping opened China to the West in 1978, Janssen sent Paul Appermont and Joos Horsten to set up
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