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82-621: Originally an affiliate of the Reform Party , the IPM was later affiliated with the Independence Party of America and for a time had no national affiliation. But since 2019, it has joined the Alliance Party . The party has fielded candidates for most state-wide races and was considered a major party by the state from 1994 to 2014. It lost that status when none of its state-wide candidates won 5% of

164-444: A " Draft Dean Barkley" movement started on the web to encourage the former senator to run again. He accepted, and finished third , winning a significant 15% of all votes cast. His candidacy had a significant impact on a race in which the eventual winner Al Franken and then-incumbent Senator Norm Coleman were separated by only 312 votes. Two other federal candidates, David Dillon in the 3rd congressional district and Bob Anderson in

246-536: A Democrat in the presidential and U.S. Senate primaries too. On June 20, 2020, during a virtual convention, the Reform Party again nominated Rocky de la Fuente for president. De la Fuente defeated three other recognized candidates, Max Abramson , Souraya Faas , and Ben Zion (formerly the nominee for the Transhumanist Party ). Darcy Richardson from Florida was nominated for vice president. In September 2023,

328-523: A case-by-case basis. Perot could not have qualified for the debates in 1992 under these rules, and was able to show that various famous U.S. presidents would likewise have been excluded from the modern debate by the Commission on Presidential Debates. Despite legal action by the Perot team, and an 80 percent majority of Americans supporting his participation in the debates, the Commission refused to budge and Perot

410-526: A conservative, but criticized Pat Buchanan , saying: "I'm on the conservative side, but Buchanan is Attila the Hun ." He withdrew from the race citing the party's infighting, as did Jesse Ventura and the Minnesota Reform Party. Donald Trump stated: "So the Reform Party now includes a Klansman, Mr. Duke, a neo-Nazi, Mr. Buchanan, and a communist, Ms. Fulani. This is not company I wish to keep." "Mr. Duke"

492-511: A court order obtained by a dissident faction associated with the Independence Party of New York . Therefore, the Weill/McEnulty ticket appeared on the ballot only in Mississippi, in which it received 481 votes. An erroneous news report was broadcast by ABC News that stated the party had endorsed John McCain . Frank MacKay of the dissident Independence Party of New York faction had made

574-529: A few states. In the 2000 , 2004 , and 2008 elections, the American Reform Party supported Ralph Nader for president. The ARP is not a political party in the conventional sense. It does not have ballot access in any state, and it does not run candidates. It supports third-party candidates and independents who support the primary principles of the Party's platform. About 2010–2011, the party shifted from

656-422: A means to pull independents or conservative independents to their policies, to their agenda." In February, Congressional candidates filed to run as Reform Party candidates in all four of Mississippi 's congressional districts, but none for any statewide offices. Among these were Barbara Dale Washer, Tracella Lou O'Hara Hill, and Anna Jewel Revies. In April 2010, former Vice President Dan Quayle condemned

738-548: A number of far-right extremists remained with the party. By the October 2003, National Convention, the Reform Party had only begun rebuilding, but several former state organizations had elected to rejoin now that the interference from the Freedom Parties was gone. They increased their ranks from 24 to 30 states and managed to retrieve ballot access for seven of them. (Buchanan's poor showing in 2000 had lost ballot access for almost

820-533: A relatively centrist platform to a Tea Party -style fiscal conservative one. In the 2012 presidential election , the ARP endorsed Republican Party nominee Mitt Romney against incumbent president Barack Obama . In the 2016 presidential election , the Party endorsed the Republican candidate Donald Trump . In 1998, the Reform Party received a boost when Jesse Ventura was elected Governor of Minnesota. According to

902-462: A reputation for colorful behavior. At one point while governor, he donated his $ 25,000 pay raise to help promote bocce . He also pitched an idea for a chopstick factory to be built in northern Minnesota, and proposed selling the governor's mansion in Saint Paul as a cost-saving measure. Newsweek brought Perpich national attention by bestowing on him the nickname "Governor Goofy", crystallizing

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984-569: A seat in the United States House of Representatives in the 1992 election . Other supporters led by Don Dow, State Director, and Victoria Staten, Assistant State Director and Ross Perot's spokesperson on NAFTA, worked as part of United We Stand America , and some eventually found their way to the Independence Party after the elections. Over the following years, the party began to field candidates in other state races. On June 22, 1996,

1066-747: A sign of dissatisfaction, and views them skeptically." Kristin M. Davis , the Manhattan madam involved in the Eliot Spitzer scandal, announced on June 27, 2010, that she was running for governor on an independent line in New York State using the name, Reform Party without Reform Party authorization after failing to secure the Libertarian Party nomination. Davis condemned the Democrats and Republicans for catering to wealthy white males, saying: "Where are

1148-422: A single electoral vote, no other third-party or independent candidate has since managed to receive as high a share of the popular vote. The party has nominated other presidential candidates over the years, including Pat Buchanan and Ralph Nader . Its most significant victory came when Jesse Ventura was elected Governor of Minnesota in 1998 , although he left the party shortly into his term. Donald Trump

1230-780: The Star Tribune , St. Paul Pioneer Press , St. Cloud Times , Duluth News Tribune , and Rochester Post-Bulletin , as well as North Dakota's Grand Forks Herald endorsed the IP candidate. In 2014, the Independence Party endorsed several candidates for state and national office: Hannah Nicollet for governor , Kevin Terrell for U.S. Senate , attorney Brandan Borgos for Minnesota Attorney General, whistleblower Pat Dean for state auditor, Bob Helland for secretary of state, John Denney for US congress CD-6, Paula Overby for US congress CD-2 and Iraq War veteran Dave Thomas for US congress CD-4. In 2016 ,

1312-448: The 1992 presidential election , where—running as an independent—he became the first non-major party candidate since 1912 to have been considered viable enough to win the presidency. Perot received attention for focusing on fiscal issues such as the federal deficit and national debt ; government reform issues such as term limits , campaign finance reform , and lobbying reform; and issues on trade. A large part of his following

1394-460: The 2000 election was due federal matching funds of $ 12.5 million (~$ 22.4 million in 2023), based on Perot's 8 percent showing in 1996. Early on, there was a failed effort to draft Ron Paul . Donald Trump entered the race briefly, giving television interviews outlining his platform. Trump was progressive on social issues, and supported allowing openly gay soldiers in the military, saying: "it would not disturb me". Trump considered himself

1476-613: The League of Women Voters , the Reform Party USA obtained more votes nationwide in 1998 than did any other third party in America (without those garnered by Ventura). Counting Ventura's performance, Reformers took in more votes than all other third parties in the United States combined, establishing the Reform Party as America's third-largest party. The Reform Party's presidential nominee for

1558-737: The Mall of America in Bloomington . Additionally, he worked to promote Minnesota on the international stage by traveling to 17 countries in 1984, and bringing the foreign leaders Mikhail Gorbachev of the Soviet Union and Dr. Franjo Tuđman of Croatia to the state in 1990. Perpich opposed the Reagan proxy war against Nicaragua in the 1980s and was one of several governors who objected to sending their National Guard units to train in U.S. bases in Honduras , where

1640-653: The Modern Whig Party , the American Party of South Carolina , and the American Moderates. Reform Party of the United States of America The Reform Party of the United States of America ( RPUSA ), generally known as the Reform Party USA or the Reform Party , is a centrist political party in the United States, founded in 1995 by Ross Perot . Perot believed Americans were disillusioned with

1722-551: The Rudy Perpich administration, announced that he was planning to seek the Independence Party's nomination for governor in the 2006 election. Hutchinson finished 3rd of 6 earning 141,735 votes for 6.4% of the total vote. In the 2006 elections, IP 5th district congressional candidate Tammy Lee received 51,456 votes for 21.01% of the total vote. Lee's strong showing resulted in part from her unusually strong (for third parties) fundraising, Lee raised $ 228,938 for her run. In May 2008,

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1804-463: The primary . (After Carlson's surprise primary defeat, a bipartisan, grassroots group, Minnesotans for the WRITE Choice, launched a noisy, media-intensive campaign urging Carlson to re-challenge Grunseth.) Grunseth was forced to withdraw amid allegations of a sex scandal just two weeks before the election. Perpich was Minnesota's last DFL governor until Mark Dayton took office in 2011. Perpich had

1886-434: The "Reform Party" ("Independent Party" was preferred, but already taken, as were several variants on the name). A drive to get the party on the ballot in all fifty states succeeded, although it ended with lawsuits in some regions over state ballot access requirements. In a few areas, minor parties became incorporated as state party organizations. At first, when the 1996 election season arrived, Perot held off from entering

1968-583: The 2000 election. In 2005, a dispute arose for the number of National Committee members required under the party's by-laws to call meetings of the National Committee. These members came from several states including Texas , Michigan , and Florida . At both meetings, it was determined that a national convention would be called and held in Tampa, Florida . The chairman at the time and National Committee members from Arizona , California , and Oklahoma boycotted

2050-420: The 2012 voter ID amendment, the campaign seeking to defeat the amendment, "Our Vote, Our Future", announced former IP gubernatorial candidate Tim Penny as one of its campaign co-chairs. Another former IP gubernatorial candidate, Tom Horner, was named as a member of the group's advisory committee. On May 4, 2019, the Independence Party of Minnesota merged with Alliance Party , joining other third parties including

2132-486: The 6th congressional district, received 10% of the vote in their races. 2008 is the high-water mark for the Minnesota Independence Party in both the number of federal candidates running and the percent of vote received—both key measures of the base of support. In 2010, gubernatorial candidate Tom Horner, a former public relations executive and chief of staff to U.S. Senator David Durenberger received 12% of

2214-583: The ARP was founded, Jackie Salit noted in the Christian Science Monitor : "At its founding meeting in Kansas City in 1997, the 40 black delegates in the room, led by the country's foremost African-American independent – Lenora Fulani – represented the first time in US history that African-Americans were present at the founding of a major national political party." The ARP has yet to organize in more than

2296-520: The Cold War, I just felt that once the Cold War was over the United States should return to a more traditional non-intervention foreign policy." After a bitter fight, Buchanan secured the Reform Party's presidential nomination over John Hagelin of the Natural Law Party . Hagelin and an anti-Buchanan faction walked out and held a separate convention across the street, where they nominated Hagelin as

2378-725: The DFL Party's endorsed candidate for governor, Warren Spannaus , in the primary election, and won. He then defeated Independent-Republican nominee Wheelock Whitney in the general election. Perpich served as the Chairman of the Midwestern Governors Association in 1984. Perpich was reelected in 1986, but lost to Arne Carlson in 1990, a bizarre campaign in which Carlson replaced the Independent-Republican Party's candidate Jon Grunseth , who had beaten Carlson in

2460-581: The Eastern District of New York has ruled in our favor, and has further reinforced the 2008 ruling of Judge Carl Ginsberg of the 193rd District Court in Texas." In January 2010, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) operations officer Charles S. Faddis announced his support of the party in The Baltimore Sun : "I have decided to throw in my lot with the Reform Party of the United States." Faddis later left

2542-512: The Hibbing school board in 1955–1956. The board gained notability for instituting equal pay for male and female workers. In 1962, he was elected to the Minnesota Senate , representing the old 63rd District, which included portions of Saint Louis County in the northeastern part of the state. He was reelected in 1966. In 1970, Perpich was elected the 39th lieutenant governor of Minnesota . He

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2624-550: The National and executive committee meetings, claiming the meetings were illegitimate. As a result, those states held a second convention in Yuma, Arizona. In response to a suit filed by the group that met in Tampa, leaders of the Reform Party filed a Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) complaint claiming the Tampa group were extremists and guilty of conspiracy. In 2006,

2706-463: The Perot and Ventura campaigns, but received only 1.9 percent of the vote. By March 2007, the Reform Party had ballot access for the 2008 presidential election in four states (Florida, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi) and had already started petitioning in an additional four. The Reform Party held its 2008 National Convention in Dallas , July 18–20. At the national convention, Ted Weill of Mississippi

2788-604: The Reform Party lost its ballot access in Florida , leaving the party with no state ballot lines. At their party convention on May 23, 2024, the Reform Party nominated the Kennedy Jr./Shanahan ticket for president and vice president respectively. The Reform Party filed paperwork for re-qualification in May 2024, which would place Kennedy and Shanahan on the ballot in Florida. Kennedy withdrew from

2870-586: The Reform Party name. Davis was not a member of the Reform Party. Davis changed her Independent Ballot Line name and filed as an independent candidate by obtaining the required signatures needed in New York State to run for governor on the "Anti-Prohibition" line. The Reform Party held its 2012 National Convention in Philadelphia , August 11–12, 2012. At the national convention, the Reform Party nominated Andre Barnett from New York for president and Ken Cross from Arkansas for vice president. Among those who sought

2952-494: The Reform Party nominated candidates in Arizona, and petitioned to regain ballot access in several other states where state Reform Party organizations were active. The Reform Party of Kansas nominated a slate of candidates, led by Iraq War veteran Richard Ranzau. In Colorado's 4th congressional district , "fiscal conservative" Eric Eidsness (a former assistant U.S. Environmental Protection Agency administrator and Navy veteran) ran on

3034-432: The Reform Party of California, and the Reform Party officers. On December 4, 2009, a New York Federal judge heard MacKay v Crews on the question of who are the legal Reform Party officers. On December 16, 2009, the judge ruled in favor of David Collison's faction. Collison said: "After over two years of litigation in Texas and New York, it is my profound pleasure to announce that US District Court Judge Joseph Bianco of

3116-679: The Reform Party on CBS , saying: "Many remember the Reform Party of the 1990s, which formed around the candidacy of Ross Perot. I sure do, because it eliminated any chance that President George H.W. Bush and I would prevail over Bill Clinton and Al Gore in 1992. Speaking on behalf of the Bush-Quayle campaign, to this day we firmly believe that Perot cost the Republican Party the White House." Pat Choate in an April 28, 2010 interview with Monmouth University 's student newspaper remained suspicious of

3198-499: The Reform Party ticket. He received 11.28 percent of the vote, five times the winning candidate's margin of victory; he later switched his affiliation to the Democratic Party. The Florida Reform Party granted use of its ballot line for governor to Max Linn of Florida Citizens for Term Limits (a Republican-leaning organization) in the 2006 Florida gubernatorial election . Linn retained professional campaign staff with connections to

3280-453: The Republican nomination. The state party carried that name until it disaffiliated from the national party in 2000 due to factional dissent and the increasing influence of Pat Buchanan within the party. The party immediately changed its name back to Independence Party on March 4, 2000. After his most influential opponents left the party, Buchanan went on to become the Reform Party's candidate for president. On 2004's Super Tuesday , March 2,

3362-512: The Tea Party movement, saying: "At these [Tea Party] events, a professional Republican always speaks. What to me is questionable is that the Tea Parties endorse candidates, but never endorse Democrats—they seem to be a front for the Republican Party. We were seen as very serious. Perot gave millions, we fielded candidates, and we were a real threat to the status quo. The media treats the Tea Parties as

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3444-564: The U.S.-backed Contras were based. The Contras carried out atrocities in Nicaragua to topple the leftist government there. Perpich was the plaintiff in the 1990 U.S. Supreme Court case Perpich v. Department of Defense , which established that the U.S. Department of Defense could send state National Guard units overseas over the governor's objection. After leaving office in 1991, Perpich went to Zagreb , Croatia, to assist its post-communist government. In 1992 he moved to Paris , France, for

3526-610: The combination of affection and resentment his habits elicited. During his last years in office, commentators wondered whether he would shoot to stardom as a presidential hopeful or, as governor, sour Minnesota voters on the DFL party with questionable public relations. But Perpich's activist vision of the governor's role was later cited as an important contribution to the Minnesota economy, even by such unlikely admirers as his 1990 rival and successor Arne Carlson , who said in 2005 that Perpich "was

3608-563: The contest for the Reform Party's presidential nomination, calling for others to try for the ticket. The only person who announced such an intention was Dick Lamm , former Governor of Colorado . After the Federal Election Commission indicated only Perot and not Lamm would be able to secure federal matching funds—because his 1992 campaign was as an independent—Perot entered the race. Some were upset that Perot changed his mind because, in their view, Perot overshadowed Lamm's run for

3690-584: The election, turning his campaign organization ( United We Stand America ) into a lobbying group. One of his primary goals was the defeat of the North American Free Trade Agreement during this period. In 1995, Republicans took control of the House of Representatives , largely on the strength of the " Contract with America ", which recognized and promised to deal with many of the issues Perot's voters had mobilized to support in 1992. However, two of

3772-402: The endorsement, not the Reform Party USA. Reform Party USA Reference David Collison, the Reform Party's chairman, said during a 2009 interview, "Do you believe that any legitimate national party would endorse the Republican candidate for President rather than have a candidate of their own?" The candidates for the nomination included: A long-standing feud in the party involved John Blare, of

3854-421: The entire party.) Because of organizational and financial problems in the party, it opted to support the independent campaign of Ralph Nader as the best option for an independent of any stripe that year. While the endorsement generated publicity for Nader and the Reform Party, the party was only able to provide Nader with seven ballot lines down from the 49 of 51 guaranteed ballot lines the party had going into

3936-794: The first person that I was aware of to focus on the international role that states are going to have to play." Perpich's legacy of projects in Minnesota include the Minnesota World Trade Center in Saint Paul , the Perpich Center for Arts Education in Golden Valley , the Center for Victims of Torture in Minneapolis, the University of Minnesota Duluth Natural Resources Research Institute , and

4018-503: The law. In our party and public affairs, we are ever vigilant to promote only those rules and laws which assure equity and freedom for all citizens." Jesse Ventura described the party, as well as his own personal philosophy, as " fiscally conservative and socially liberal ." At the party's state convention in 2012, delegates passed three new resolutions. One addressed the party's opposition to raiding dedicated state funds to balance general obligations. A second expressed frustration with

4100-496: The legalization, taxation and regulation of marijuana . Delegates also lifted the party's prohibition on receiving money from political action committees, citing the need to instead fight for transparency and accountability in Minnesota campaign spending in the aftermath of Citizens United . The Independence Party of Minnesota joined the Minnesotans United for All Families coalition in 2011 after chair Mark Jenkins announced

4182-479: The major provisions (Constitutional amendments for term limits and the balanced budgets) failed to secure the two-thirds congressional majorities required to be submitted to the states. Dissatisfied, the grassroots organizations that had made Perot's 1992 candidacy possible began to band together to found a third party intended to rival the Republicans and Democrats. For legal reasons, the party ended up being called

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4264-556: The office. Most of the statewide DFL Party ticket was defeated in 1978 ; the defeated candidates included Perpich, the candidates for both U.S. Senate seats, and Auditor Robert Mattson. Anderson's arrangement to have himself appointed to the Senate and Perpich's role in that appointment were deemed major factors in those defeats. Perpich worked at Control Data Corporation in New York and Austria for several years. In 1982 , he challenged

4346-455: The overuse of constitutional amendments. A third proposed eliminating legislative pay in the event of a state shutdown like the one that occurred in the summer of 2011. Party delegates also adopted two standing resolutions against both the marriage amendment and the voter ID amendment on the state ballot in November 2012. During the 2013 IP convention, the body amended the party platform to support

4428-415: The party affiliated with the Reform Party of the United States of America and became the Reform Party of Minnesota (RPMN). Bob Lessard of International Falls , joined the party in 2001 after he was re-elected to the Senate as an independent with 54.3% of the vote. Sheila Kiscaden , a incumbent Republican, was reelected to the Minnesota Senate in 2002 with the party's nomination after she failed to win

4510-432: The party announced that the presidential winner was John Edwards , who had privately circulated his decision to withdraw shortly before IP members voted. The Super Tuesday ballot was probably the first statewide experiment in instant-runoff voting. The Bison, to be named Indy, won the mascot vote, out-polling the nearest competitors by a 19% margin. In May 2005, Peter Hutchinson , who was Minnesota Finance Commissioner in

4592-561: The party claimed they used the names and addresses of petition signers as the basis of who received ballots. Primary ballots were sent by mail to designated voters. Eventually, Perot was nominated for president and he chose economist Pat Choate as his vice presidential running mate. The results of the party's presidential primary were: Perot 32,145, Lamm 17,121. Between 1992 and 1996, the Commission on Presidential Debates changed its rules regarding how candidates could qualify to participate in

4674-648: The party endorsed Evan McMullin , a former CIA agent and former chief policy director for the House Republican Conference , for President . The Independence Party of Minnesota tends to lean conservative with regards to taxation and other fiscal matters. For example, "personal responsibility" is a core principle of the party as is a "[G]overnment that is fiscally responsible: equitable in its collection of taxes, careful in its spending, and honest in its financial reporting." Many IP candidates have campaigned for tax reform that produces more stable revenues for

4756-477: The party had several fairly progressive agenda items to vote on. For a bit of levity, there was also a vote on the mascot to use for the party. Three top possibilities were the bison , hawk , and white buffalo . Technology was also involved in the IPM's caucusing, as it used the Internet to conduct a two-day online "virtual caucus" for people who were unable to attend the evening of Super Tuesday. On March 5, 2004,

4838-412: The party held caucuses around the state along with Minnesota's other three parties. Since the organization had no national party affiliation, it merely ran a straw poll to gauge the opinions of members with regard to the available presidential candidates in the 2004 election . For the poll, the group used instant-runoff voting , a voting method that has been gaining interest in the state. Additionally,

4920-414: The party nomination. This built up to the beginning of a splinter within the movement, when it was alleged certain problems in the primary process—such as many Lamm supporters not receiving ballots, and some primary voters receiving multiple ballots—were Perot's doing. The Reform Party claimed these problems stemmed from the petition process for getting the Reform Party on the ballot in all of the states since

5002-423: The party's official opposition to the marriage amendment, citing the party's own platform in its opposition. The IP is also a longtime supporter of ranked choice voting (RCV) and FairVote Minnesota, which seeks to expand RCV throughout Minnesota. The party uses RCV to conduct intraparty endorsements including delegates' decision to "not endorse" for U.S. Senate in 2012. Following the party's official vote to oppose

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5084-476: The party's presidential candidate. The dispute went to the courts and the FEC decided that Buchanan was the legitimate nominee and awarded him $ 12.6 million in campaign funds. Buchanan's vice presidential running mate was Ezola B. Foster . Buchanan got 449,225 votes, just 0.4 percent of the popular vote, and the party lost its matching funds for 2004. In 2002, Buchanan returned to the Republican Party. Following this,

5166-467: The party, and ran in 2016 for Maryland's 5th congressional district as a Republican. In February 2010, former Reform Party Chairman Pat Choate emerged to discuss the appeal of the Tea Party movement , contrasting it with Ross Perot's party, saying: "The difference with the Tea Party is it's been heavily pushed by a bunch of talk-show conservatives. You have the Republican Party attempting to use this as

5248-405: The presidential debates. As Perot had previously done very well in debates, it was a decisive blow to the campaign when the Commission ruled that he could not participate on the basis of somewhat vague criteria — such as that a candidate was required to have already been endorsed by "a substantial number of major news organizations," with "substantial" being a number to be decided by the commission on

5330-487: The presidential nomination before dropping out several months prior to the convention were former Savannah State University football coach Robby Wells , economist Laurence Kotlikoff , historian Darcy Richardson, and former Louisiana Governor Buddy Roemer . The Reform Party co-nominated the American Delta Party 's presidential and vice-presidential candidates Rocky de la Fuente and Michael Steinberg as their 2016 presidential ticket. However, in 2016, De La Fuente ran as

5412-535: The race in August and endorsed Donald Trump and withdrew his name from the Florida ballot on August 23. The Reform Party platform includes the following: A noticeable absence from the Reform Party platform has been social issues, including abortion and gay rights. Reform Party representatives had long stated beliefs that their party could bring together people from both sides of these issues, which they consider divisive, to address what they considered to be more vital concerns as expressed in their platform. The idea

5494-536: The split came about when it was "...discovered [that the Reform Party] was a top-down party instead of a bottom-up organization." Although members of the group attempted to persuade former Colorado Governor Dick Lamm – Perot's chief rival for the nomination – to run for president as an Independent, he declined, pointing out that he had promised before running that he would not challenge the party's decision. During this time, Perot himself chose to concentrate on lobbying efforts through United We Stand America . When

5576-442: The state of politics as being corrupt and unable to deal with vital issues. After he received 18.9 percent of the popular vote as an independent candidate in the 1992 presidential election , he founded the Reform Party and presented it as a viable alternative to Republicans and Democrats . As the Reform Party presidential nominee, Perot won 8.4 percent of the popular vote in the 1996 presidential election . While he did not receive

5658-437: The state. The IP platform states, "We support government budgets that are structurally balanced and avoid shifting of expenses or borrowing to make them appear balanced." In social policy the party tends to take more liberal - libertarian positions on issues such as abortion , gay marriage , and civil rights and liberties. One of its core principles is that "All citizens deserve equal rights, protection, and opportunity under

5740-456: The vote in the 2014 gubernatorial election . The party, which was represented in the U.S. Senate by Dean Barkley in 2002–2003, nominated former U.S. Representative Tim Penny as its candidate in the 2002 gubernatorial election , Peter Hutchinson in 2006 and Tom Horner in 2010 . Phil Madsen and other Ross Perot supporters formed the Independence Party of Minnesota in Bloomington, Minnesota , on July 22, 1992. Dean Barkley ran for

5822-571: The vote, nearly doubling the total of previous IP gubernatorial candidate Peter Hutchinson . Horner polled as high as 18% in the weeks leading up to the election, but was significantly outspent by the GOP and DFL candidates and the third-party expenditure groups supporting their candidacies. Horner did receive endorsement from three of the state's five living ex-governors: Republicans Arne Carlson and Al Quie as well as Ventura. Former U.S. Senate candidate and prominent Minnesota attorney Mike Ciresi also endorsed Horner. Most Minnesota newspapers including

5904-563: The women, the Hispanics, the African-Americans, and the gay people? We must reject their tired old thinking...." On June 29, 2010, Reform Party National Committee chairman David Collison delivered Davis a cease-and-desist notice demanding that she immediately change the name under which she was seeking to run for governor. Davis made no attempt to obtain permission to run as an official Reform Party candidate, and therefore withdrew her use of

5986-400: Was a member of the Reform Party during his brief 2000 presidential campaign . In around the year 2000, party infighting and scandals led to a major decline in the party's strength. Beginning with Buchanan's poor showing in the 2000 election , no Reform Party presidential nominee since 1996 has been able to gather 1 percent of the popular vote. The party grew out of Ross Perot 's efforts in

6068-799: Was a miner who had immigrated to Minnesota's Mesabi Iron Range from Croatia , and his mother, Mary (Vukelich), was an American of Croatian descent . Perpich did not learn to speak English until at least the first grade of elementary school. At 14, he began working for the Great Northern Railway . He graduated from Hibbing High School in 1946 and served two years in the United States Army . He then attended Marquette University in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and graduated from Marquette University Dental School in 1954, and returned to Hibbing to practice dentistry. Perpich first entered politics by serving on

6150-534: Was a reference to David Duke , a former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan . Buchanan decided to leave the Republican Party because: "The Republican Party at the national level has ceased to be my party. This divorce began around the end of the Cold War when President (George) Bush declared it to be a New World-order party and began intervening all over the world. While he and I were allies and friends during

6232-564: Was an American politician who served as the governor of Minnesota from 1976 to 1979 and again from 1983 to 1991. A member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party , he is labeled as Minnesota's 34th and 36th governor. He was also the state's only Roman Catholic governor and the only one to serve non-consecutive terms. Rudolph George Prpić was born in Carson Lake, Minnesota, which is now part of Hibbing . His father, Anton Prpić,

6314-457: Was dogged by the "quitter" moniker and other allegations concerning his character. On Election Day, many voters were confused as to whether Perot was actually still a candidate. He ended up receiving about 18.9 percent of the popular vote, a record level of popularity not seen in an independent candidate since former President Theodore Roosevelt ran on the "Bull Moose" Progressive Party ticket in 1912. He continued being politically involved after

6396-423: Was grounded in the belief he was addressing vital problems largely ignored by the two major parties. A Gallup poll showed Perot with a slim lead; however, on July 19, he suspended his campaign, accusing Republican operatives of threatening to sabotage his daughter's wedding. He was accused by Newsweek of being a "quitter" in a well-publicized cover-page article. After resuming his campaign on October 1, Perot

6478-487: Was nominated to be the party's 2008 presidential candidate. Frank McEnulty of California, the 2008 presidential candidate of the New American Independent Party , was nominated to be the party's 2008 vice-presidential candidate. David Collison of Texas was elected national chairman of the party. However, the party could not announce the results of the national convention on its web site until October because of

6560-460: Was reduced to making his points heard via a series of half-hour "commercials". In the end, Perot and Choate won 8 percent of the vote. By October 1997, factional disputes began to emerge with the departure of a group that believed Perot had rigged the 1996 party primary to defeat Lamm. These individuals eventually established the "American Reform Party" (ARP). The ARP is actually a minor political action committee . Then chairman, Roy Downing, said

6642-470: Was reelected in 1974 on a ticket with Governor Wendell R. Anderson . (Before 1974, the governor and lieutenant governor were elected separately in Minnesota.) He became governor when Anderson resigned in 1976 to accept appointment to the United States Senate seat vacated by Walter Mondale , who had been elected Vice President of the United States . Perpich was the first Iron Range resident to hold

6724-710: Was to form a large coalition of moderates; that intention was overridden in 2001 by the Buchanan takeover which rewrote the RPUSA Constitution to include platform planks opposed to any form of abortion. The Buchananists, in turn, were overridden by the 2002 Convention which reverted the Constitution to its 1996 version and the party's original stated goals. The party's active state affiliates are: Rudy Perpich Rudolph George Perpich Sr. (born Rudolph George Prpić ; June 27, 1928 – September 21, 1995)

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