Metro , also known as Metro Silicon Valley , is a free weekly newspaper published by the San Jose, California -based Weeklys media group for four decades, a period during which its readership area became known as Silicon Valley .
90-397: Metro was one of the earliest publishers to enter the digital media revolution, adding voice messaging to its classified advertising in the 1980s and free online access in 1993. It was the first newspaper to offer a downloadable PDF edition, with the launch of MetroPDF.com in 2003. The newspaper has been published since 1985 and is one of the last remaining founder-operated publications in
180-622: A page description . PDF has (as of version 2.0) 25 graphics state properties, of which some of the most important are: As in PostScript, vector graphics in PDF are constructed with paths . Paths are usually composed of lines and cubic Bézier curves , but can also be constructed from the outlines of text. Unlike PostScript, PDF does not allow a single path to mix text outlines with lines and curves. Paths can be stroked, filled, fill then stroked, or used for clipping . Strokes and fills can use any color set in
270-496: A PDF are: In later PDF revisions, a PDF document can also support links (inside document or web page), forms, JavaScript (initially available as a plugin for Acrobat 3.0), or any other types of embedded contents that can be handled using plug-ins. PDF combines three technologies: PostScript is a page description language run in an interpreter to generate an image. It can handle graphics and has standard features of programming languages such as branching and looping . PDF
360-450: A PDF. Within text strings, characters are shown using character codes (integers) that map to glyphs in the current font using an encoding . There are several predefined encodings, including WinAnsi , MacRoman , and many encodings for East Asian languages and a font can have its own built-in encoding. (Although the WinAnsi and MacRoman encodings are derived from the historical properties of
450-420: A PostScript file could be accurately rendered only as the cumulative result of executing all preceding commands to draw all previous pages—any of which could affect subsequent pages—plus the commands to draw that particular page, and there was no easy way to bypass that process to skip around to different pages. Traditionally, to go from PostScript to PDF, a source PostScript file (that is, an executable program)
540-477: A Web browser plugin without waiting for the entire file to download, since all objects required for the first page to display are optimally organized at the start of the file. PDF files may be optimized using Adobe Acrobat software or QPDF . Page dimensions are not limited by the format itself. However, Adobe Acrobat imposes a limit of 15 million by 15 million inches, or 225 trillion in (145,161 km ). The basic design of how graphics are represented in PDF
630-593: A book of interviews with former prisoners sentenced to death and later exonerated. The book was compiled with Lola Vollen , a specialist in the aftermath of prominent human rights abuses and a visiting scholar at the University of California, Berkeley's Institute of International Studies. Eggers' 2006 novel What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng was a finalist for the 2006 National Book Critics Circle Award for Fiction . Eggers also edits
720-536: A catalog featuring 25 loose-leaf prints of the work featured in the show. In 2015, Eggers had his first solo museum exhibition at the Nevada Museum of Art called "The Insufferable Throne of God". Eggers is represented by Electric Works, a fine art gallery in San Francisco. Outside of exhibitions, Eggers' visual art contributions include the following: Ahead of the 2006 FIFA World Cup , Eggers wrote an essay about
810-607: A deal between Steve Jobs ' NeXT Inc. and Apple Inc. that led to Jobs' return to Apple. In 2007, Metro and its sister publication North Bay Bohemian prompted Sen. Dianne Feinstein 's resignation from the U.S. Senate's Military Construction Appropriations subcommittee after the two papers published an exposé by Peter Byrne documenting Feinstein's conflicts of interest related to husband Richard C. Blum's ownership interest in two major defense contractors, firms that received billions of dollars in contracts for military construction projects that were approved during Feinstein's tenure on
900-421: A degree in journalism. However, his studies were interrupted by the deaths of both parents: his father in 1991 and his mother in 1992. These events were later chronicled in his first book, the fictionalized memoir A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius . At age 21, Eggers took responsibility for his younger brother, Christopher ("Toph"), and moved to Berkeley, California . His elder brother, William D. Eggers ,
990-505: A gun permit scandal that led to the removal of Silicon Valley sheriff Laurie Smith. Metro is largely read for its coverage of the San Jose region's culture and entertainment scene. It publishes an exhaustive arts section, which includes calendar listings, music reviews, critical coverage of the performing and visual arts, as well as movie reviews and information. The newspaper employed well-regarded film critic Richard von Busack from 1985 until
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#17330850283681080-571: A nonprofit writing and tutoring center for children and young adults. The project has since expanded into a national organization, 826 National , with chapters across the United States ( Los Angeles ; New York City ; Chicago; Ann Arbor, Michigan; Washington, D.C.; and Boston). In April 2010, under the umbrella of 826 National, Eggers launched ScholarMatch , a nonprofit organization that connects donors with students to make college more affordable. In 2006, he appeared at fund-raising events, dubbed
1170-452: A page description as an inline image .) Images are typically filtered for compression purposes. Image filters supported in PDF include the following general-purpose filters: Normally all image content in a PDF is embedded in the file. But PDF allows image data to be stored in external files by the use of external streams or Alternate Images . Standardized subsets of PDF, including PDF/A and PDF/X , prohibit these features. Text in PDF
1260-417: A paper for a project then code-named Camelot, in which he proposed the creation of a simplified version of PostScript called Interchange PostScript (IPS). Unlike traditional PostScript, which was tightly focused on rendering print jobs to output devices, IPS would be optimized for displaying pages to any screen and any platform. Adobe Systems made the PDF specification available free of charge in 1993. In
1350-439: A printing device. PostScript was not intended for long-term storage and real-time interactive rendering of electronic documents to computer monitors , so there was no need to support anything other than consecutive rendering of pages. If there was an error in the final printed output, the user would correct it at the application level and send a new print job in the form of an entirely new PostScript file. Thus, any given page in
1440-469: A result, files that use a small amount of transparency might be viewed acceptably by older viewers, but files making extensive use of transparency could be viewed incorrectly by an older viewer. The transparency extensions are based on the key concepts of transparency groups , blending modes , shape , and alpha . The model is closely aligned with the features of Adobe Illustrator version 9. The blend modes were based on those used by Adobe Photoshop at
1530-595: A road to the capital in a dangerous and largely lawless country." Reviews were mixed: Positive notices included Andrew Motion's writing in The Guardian that "[Eggers'] novel may be sternly reduced in terms of its cast and language, but this leanness doesn't diminish the strength of its argument", and Ron Charles in The Washington Post wrote that The Parade is "a story that conforms to the West's reductive attitudes about
1620-608: A story about a frustrating attempt to give away money to deserving people while haphazardly traveling the globe. An expanded and revised version was released as Sacrament in 2003. A version without the new material in Sacrament was created and retitled You Shall Know Our Velocity! for a Vintage imprint distribution. He has since published How We Are Hungry , a collection of short stories, and three politically themed serials for Salon. In November 2005, Eggers published Surviving Justice: America's Wrongfully Convicted and Exonerated ,
1710-469: A stream may be used instead of the ASCII cross-reference table and contains the offsets and other information in binary format. The format is flexible in that it allows for integer width specification (using the /W array), so that for example, a document not exceeding 64 KiB in size may dedicate only 2 bytes for object offsets. At the end of a PDF file is a footer containing If a cross-reference stream
1800-580: Is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 to present documents , including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software , hardware , and operating systems . Based on the PostScript language, each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a fixed-layout flat document, including the text, fonts , vector graphics , raster images and other information needed to display it. PDF has its roots in "The Camelot Project" initiated by Adobe co-founder John Warnock in 1991. PDF
1890-459: Is a researcher who has worked for several conservative think tanks , promoting privatization. Eggers's sister Beth died by suicide in November 2001. Eggers began writing as a Salon.com editor and founded Might magazine in San Francisco in 1994 with David Moodie and Marny Requa, while also writing a comic strip called Smarter Feller (originally Swell ) for SF Weekly . Might evolved out of
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#17330850283681980-415: Is a subset of PostScript, simplified to remove such control flow features, while graphics commands remain. PostScript was originally designed for a drastically different use case : transmission of one-way linear print jobs in which the PostScript interpreter would collect a series of commands until it encountered the showpage command, then execute all the commands to render a page as a raster image to
2070-464: Is also a shading pattern , which draws continuously varying colors. There are seven types of shading patterns of which the simplest are the axial shading (Type 2) and radial shading (Type 3). Raster images in PDF (called Image XObjects ) are represented by dictionaries with an associated stream. The dictionary describes the properties of the image, and the stream contains the image data. (Less commonly, small raster images may be embedded directly in
2160-450: Is asked to lead a group of young grand-nieces and grand-nephews on a walk through the hills of California's Central Coast. Walking toward a setting sun, their destination is The Museum of Rain, which may or may not still exist, and whose origin and meaning are elusive to all." The novel The Every was released in October 2021. The novel is a follow-up to his 2013 novel The Circle . Eggers
2250-465: Is called an embedded font while the former is called an unembedded font . The font files that may be embedded are based on widely used standard digital font formats: Type 1 (and its compressed variant CFF), TrueType , and (beginning with PDF 1.6) OpenType . Additionally PDF supports the Type 3 variant in which the components of the font are described by PDF graphic operators. Fourteen typefaces, known as
2340-418: Is not being used, the footer is preceded by the trailer keyword followed by a dictionary containing information that would otherwise be contained in the cross-reference stream object's dictionary: Within each page, there are one or multiple content streams that describe the text, vector and images being drawn on the page. The content stream is stack-based , similar to PostScript. There are two layouts to
2430-541: Is not required in situations where a PDF file is intended only for print. Since the feature is optional, and since the rules for tagged PDF were relatively vague in ISO 32000-1, support for tagged PDF among consuming devices, including assistive technology (AT), is uneven as of 2021. ISO 32000-2, however, includes an improved discussion of tagged PDF which is anticipated to facilitate further adoption. An ISO-standardized subset of PDF specifically targeted at accessibility, PDF/UA ,
2520-434: Is organized using ASCII characters, except for certain elements that may have binary content. The file starts with a header containing a magic number (as a readable string) and the version of the format, for example %PDF-1.7 . The format is a subset of a COS ("Carousel" Object Structure) format. A COS tree file consists primarily of objects , of which there are nine types: Comments using 8-bit characters prefixed with
2610-402: Is represented by text elements in page content streams. A text element specifies that characters should be drawn at certain positions. The characters are specified using the encoding of a selected font resource . A font object in PDF is a description of a digital typeface . It may either describe the characteristics of a typeface, or it may include an embedded font file . The latter case
2700-464: Is the founder of McSweeney's, an independent publishing house known for its literary journal Timothy McSweeney's Quarterly Concern , which he began in 1998. McSweeney's also publishes The Believer , a monthly journal edited by Eggers's wife, Vendela Vida, and the now-defunct DVD magazine Wholphin . In addition to his literary pursuits, Eggers is a dedicated philanthropist. In 2002, he and educator Nínive Clements Calegari co-founded 826 Valencia ,
2790-439: Is used as the basis for generating PostScript-like PDF code (see, e.g., Adobe Distiller ). This is done by applying standard compiler techniques like loop unrolling , inlining and removing unused branches, resulting in code that is purely declarative and static. The end result is then packaged into a container format , together with all necessary dependencies for correct rendering (external files, graphics, or fonts to which
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2880-447: Is very similar to that of PostScript, except for the use of transparency, which was added in PDF 1.4. PDF graphics use a device-independent Cartesian coordinate system to describe the surface of a page. A PDF page description can use a matrix to scale , rotate , or skew graphical elements. A key concept in PDF is that of the graphics state , which is a collection of graphical parameters that may be changed, saved, and restored by
2970-479: The Best American Nonrequired Reading series, an annual anthology of short stories, essays, journalism, satire, and alternative comics. Eggers was one of the original contributors to ESPN The Magazine and helped create its section "The Jump". He also acted as the first anonymous "Answer Guy", a column that continued to run after he stopped working for the publication. On November 7, 2009, he
3060-533: The Windows and Macintosh operating systems, fonts using these encodings work equally well on any platform.) PDF can specify a predefined encoding to use, the font's built-in encoding or provide a lookup table of differences to a predefined or built-in encoding (not recommended with TrueType fonts). The encoding mechanisms in PDF were designed for Type 1 fonts, and the rules for applying them to TrueType fonts are complex. For large fonts or fonts with non-standard glyphs,
3150-419: The standard 14 fonts , have a special significance in PDF documents: These fonts are sometimes called the base fourteen fonts . These fonts, or suitable substitute fonts with the same metrics, should be available in most PDF readers, but they are not guaranteed to be available in the reader, and may only display correctly if the system has them installed. Fonts may be substituted if they are not embedded in
3240-506: The 1990s, including "Impediments to Passion", an essay on sex in the AIDS era by David Foster Wallace . Eggers later recounted in his memoir A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius that the magazine struggled to profit and stopped publication in 1997. An anthology of the best of Might magazine's brief run, ' Shiny Adidas Tracksuits and the Death of Camp' and Other Essays from Might Magazine ,
3330-554: The 2020 California Journalism Awards, including seven first-place awards, as part of the Weeklys media group’s total of 47. Its first place awards included the COVID-19 Pandemic-Health Reporting, Writing, Coverage of Local Government, Wildfire Feature Coverage, Breaking News, Enterprise News Story or Series and Public Service Journalism categories, in addition to a second-place award for Investigative Journalism. Metro
3420-654: The King , The Wild Things , and What is the What . In April 2016, Eggers visited Israel, as part of a project by the " Breaking the Silence " organization, to write an article for a book on the Israeli occupation, to mark the 50th anniversary of the Six-Day War . The book was edited by Michael Chabon and Ayelet Waldman and published under the title Kingdom of Olives and Ash: Writers Confront
3510-612: The Occupation in June 2017. In July 2016, Eggers published Heroes of the Frontier . Earlier the same year, a film adaptation of Eggers' earlier novel A Hologram for the King was released to mixed reviews and middling commercial performance. The Circle , a film version of Eggers' book, starring Emma Watson, John Boyega, and Tom Hanks (who had starred in the Hologram for the King adaptation),
3600-429: The PDF files: non-linearized (not "optimized") and linearized ("optimized"). Non-linearized PDF files can be smaller than their linear counterparts, though they are slower to access because portions of the data required to assemble pages of the document are scattered throughout the PDF file. Linearized PDF files (also called "optimized" or "web optimized" PDF files) are constructed in a manner that enables them to be read in
3690-672: The Revenge of the Book–Eaters tour, to support these programs. In September 2007, the Heinz Family Foundation awarded Eggers a $ 250,000 Heinz Award (given to recognize "extraordinary achievements by individuals") in the Arts and Humanities. In accordance with Eggers's wishes, the award money was given to 826 National and The Teacher Salary Project . While at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Eggers attended art classes. After
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3780-593: The Tribune Company and established Silicon Valley Community Newspapers, which it sold in 2001. Metro was the first to call for a Sunshine Ordinance during the 1998 mayor's race. An ordinance was passed in 2009. In explaining the newspaper's mission on its 20th anniversary, executive editor Pulcrano said, "We have championed independent businesses and small theaters in an effort to help the valley establish its own cultural identity. We have pushed for preservation of historic buildings and agricultural lands that represent
3870-576: The U.S. national team and soccer in the United States for The Thinking Fan's Guide to the World Cup , which contained essays about each competing team in the tournament and was published with aid from the journal Granta . According to The San Francisco Chronicle , Eggers was rumored to be a possible candidate to be the new editor of The Paris Review before the Review selected Lorin Stein . Eggers's book The Every
3960-670: The United States and the world in the twenty-first century. Eggers published his novel of the Great Recession and the 2007–2008 financial crisis , A Hologram for the King , in July 2012. In October of that year, the novel was announced as a finalist for the National Book Award. Eggers followed this with The Circle , released in October 2013, and depicts the life of a young worker at a fictional San Francisco-based technology company shortly, as she faces doubts about her vocation due to
4050-583: The alternative press. Its principal distribution area encompasses the cities of San Jose, Los Gatos , Campbell , Saratoga , Santa Clara , Sunnyvale , Cupertino , Milpitas , Mountain View , Los Altos and Palo Alto . The publication’s investigative journalism is responsible for the Santa Clara County ’s only felony political corruption conviction. Its reporting also contributed to the defeat of eight-term incumbent congressman Mike Honda by Ro Khanna and
4140-638: The banned books a copy for free via his website. In December 2022, Eggers traveled on behalf of PEN America to Kyiv , Ukraine. He published "The Profound Defiance of Daily Life in Kyiv" in The New Yorker based on his time in the war-torn country. Eggers lives in the San Francisco Bay Area with his wife, Vendela Vida , who is also a writer. The two met at a wedding in San Francisco in 1998 and married in 2003. They have two children together. Eggers
4230-451: The city governments of San Jose, Milpitas and Los Gatos online. Also in 1994, Metro established Boulevards, a network of city guides that pre-dated Citysearch and Microsoft's short-lived "Sidewalk" service. In 1995, Metro launched the online version of the newspaper under the brand Metroactive. Portable Document Format This is an accepted version of this page Portable Document Format ( PDF ), standardized as ISO 32000 ,
4320-570: The company's seemingly well-intentioned innovations revealing a more sinister underlying agenda. Completing the productive spell, Your Fathers, Where Are They? And the Prophets, Do They Live Forever? was published in June 2014. In November 2015, Your Fathers, Where Are They ... was longlisted for the 2016 International Dublin Literary Award , Eggers' fifth nomination for the award following earlier nominations for The Circle , A Hologram for
4410-508: The contents. PDF 2.0 defines 256-bit AES encryption as the standard for PDF 2.0 files. The PDF Reference also defines ways that third parties can define their own encryption systems for PDF. PDF files may be digitally signed, to provide secure authentication; complete details on implementing digital signatures in PDF are provided in ISO 32000-2. PDF files may also contain embedded DRM restrictions that provide further controls that limit copying, editing, or printing. These restrictions depend on
4500-697: The criminal investigation at the press conference announcing the plea and resignation. The House Committee on Ethics investigated Rep. Mike Honda following revelations in Metro that contributors were receiving favors from the congressman's office. The newspaper has helped launch the careers of several notable writers, including British television journalist Louis Theroux , author Jonathan Vankin , author and educator Gordon Young (Journalist) , Vietnamese-American author Andrew Pham , Obama administration education advisor Hal Plotkin , News Director of Vice News Michael Learmonth, and film producer Zack Stentz It also published
4590-495: The decade by publishing two stylistically different novellas written concurrently. The Parade , published by Knopf in March 2019, was a spare, minimalist novella reflecting Eggers' long-standing concerns with humanitarian issues, global development, and Western perceptions of the developing world. According to the advance blurb from the publisher, the novel concerns "two men, Western contractors sent to work far from home, tasked with paving
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#17330850283684680-500: The developing world. Writers and politicians have long generalized about those individual cultures. A novel that lumps them together into a nameless, primitive nation only plays into that tendency." The Parade was followed in November 2019 by another short novella, The Captain and the Glory , billed by Eggers himself as an "allegorical satire" of the Trump administration. In an interview with
4770-411: The document refers), and compressed . Modern applications write to printer drivers that directly generate PDF rather than going through PostScript first. As a document format, PDF has several advantages over PostScript: Its disadvantages are: PDF since v1.6 supports embedding of interactive 3D documents: 3D drawings can be embedded using U3D or PRC and various other data formats. A PDF file
4860-411: The document root. This dictionary contains an array of Optional Content Groups (OCGs), each describing a set of information and each of which may be individually displayed or suppressed, plus a set of Optional Content Configuration Dictionaries, which give the status (Displayed or Suppressed) of the given OCGs. A PDF file may be encrypted , for security, in which case a password is needed to view or edit
4950-548: The early writings of New York Times editorial board member Michelle Goldberg , as well as six-word memoirist Larry Smith and Dave Eggers before they became published authors. It was also one of the first newspapers to publish Matt Groening 's Life in Hell long before he created The Simpsons . In 1986, Metro executive editor Dan Pulcrano co-founded with Ray Rodriguez the San Jose Downtown Association and led
5040-527: The early years PDF was popular mainly in desktop publishing workflows, and competed with several other formats, including DjVu , Envoy , Common Ground Digital Paper, Farallon Replica and even Adobe's own PostScript format. PDF was a proprietary format controlled by Adobe until it was released as an open standard on July 1, 2008, and published by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO 32000-1:2008, at which time control of
5130-553: The effort to start Music in the Park, a public music festival that was free in its early days and has staged performances by such groups as the Beach Boys, Maroon 5, Billy Preston, Cuco and Tower of Power. The San Jose Jazz Society was started by Metro jazz writer Sammy Cohen and headquartered in Metro's office. The outgrowth was the annual San Jose Jazz Festival. During the 1990s, Metro purchased community newspapers from companies such as
5220-461: The following year. The 2013 event included performances by Iggy and The Stooges and a three-day technology conference with appearances by Steve Wozniak , Nolan Bushnell and John McAfee . The 2015 C2SV brought camera phone inventor Philippe Kahn to the stage of the California Theatre. Metro has received several awards for its work, including: During the pandemic, Metro won 25 awards in
5310-406: The full implementation of the ISO 32000-1 specification. These proprietary technologies are not standardized, and their specification is published only on Adobe's website. Many of them are not supported by popular third-party implementations of PDF. ISO published version 2.0 of PDF, ISO 32000-2 in 2017, available for purchase, replacing the free specification provided by Adobe. In December 2020,
5400-402: The graphics state, including patterns . PDF supports several types of patterns. The simplest is the tiling pattern in which a piece of artwork is specified to be drawn repeatedly. This may be a colored tiling pattern , with the colors specified in the pattern object, or an uncolored tiling pattern , which defers color specification to the time the pattern is drawn. Beginning with PDF 1.3 there
5490-494: The imaging model. A tagged PDF (see clause 14.8 in ISO 32000) includes document structure and semantics information to enable reliable text extraction and accessibility . Technically speaking, tagged PDF is a stylized use of the format that builds on the logical structure framework introduced in PDF 1.3. Tagged PDF defines a set of standard structure types and attributes that allow page content (text, graphics, and images) to be extracted and reused for other purposes. Tagged PDF
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#17330850283685580-430: The literary journal Timothy McSweeney's Quarterly Concern , the literacy project 826 Valencia , and the human rights nonprofit Voice of Witness . Additionally, he founded ScholarMatch , a program that connects donors with students needing funds for college tuition. His writing has appeared in numerous prestigious publications, including The New Yorker , Esquire , and The New York Times Magazine . Eggers
5670-440: The objects in the file, and also allows for small changes to be made without rewriting the entire file ( incremental update ). Before PDF version 1.5, the table would always be in a special ASCII format, be marked with the xref keyword, and follow the main body composed of indirect objects. Version 1.5 introduced optional cross-reference streams , which have the form of a standard stream object, possibly with filters applied. Such
5760-571: The pandemic. Steve Palopoli edited the publication from March 2005 until December 2008. In 1986, Metro published the last interview with Don Hoefler , the man credited with naming Silicon Valley. Metro has scooped the daily press on a number of major stories, including the office romance of San Jose Mayor Ron Gonzales in 2000 and the Santa Clara County Grand Jury's plans to indict Gonzales in June 2006. In 1996, Metro's "Public Eye" column scooped Apple's December 20 announcement of
5850-552: The percent sign ( % ) may be inserted. Objects may be either direct (embedded in another object) or indirect . Indirect objects are numbered with an object number and a generation number and defined between the obj and endobj keywords if residing in the document root. Beginning with PDF version 1.5, indirect objects (except other streams) may also be located in special streams known as object streams (marked /Type /ObjStm ). This technique enables non-stream objects to have standard stream filters applied to them, reduces
5940-509: The publication of A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius , he focused mainly on writing. Still, he publicly returned to visual art in 2010, with a solo gallery show at Electric Works in San Francisco , called "It Is Right to Draw Their Fur". The show featured many drawings of animals often paired with phrases, sometimes out of the Bible. In conjunction with that exhibition, McSweeney's published
6030-522: The publishers Knopf published on the McSweeney's website, Eggers described the novel as "an attempt to understand this era by painting it in the gaudy and garish colors it really deserves... This is part farce, part parable, and I do hope, though the Captain bears more than a passing resemblance to Trump, that the book will be readable when Trump is gone. That's part of the reason I called it 'An entertainment' on
6120-478: The purpose of the book and its intentions, Hannah Barekat in The Spectator was critical of the "heavy handed" nature of the book's satire, and The Guardian , The Times Literary Supplement , and Kirkus Reviews also found the book wanting. In 2021, his novella The Museum of Rain was published, and according to the McSweeney's website, the "elegiac" short story concerns "an American Army vet in his 70s who
6210-510: The reader software to obey them, so the security they provide is limited. Dave Eggers Dave Eggers (born March 12, 1970) is an American writer, editor, and publisher. He is best known for his 2000 memoir, A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius , which became a bestseller and was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction . Eggers is also the founder of several notable literary and philanthropic ventures, including
6300-604: The script was finished, he would be able to find financing, perhaps even from a major studio. However, in May 2014, The Playlist reported that the film was "percolat[ing] in development". Demme died in April 2017, and the project has not been heard of since. In the early 2010s, after six years without publishing substantive literary fiction following What is the What , Eggers began a three-year streak of back-to-back novels, each broadly concerned with pressing social and political issues facing
6390-495: The second edition of PDF 2.0, ISO 32000-2:2020, was published, with clarifications, corrections, and critical updates to normative references (ISO 32000-2 does not include any proprietary technologies as normative references). In April 2023 the PDF Association made ISO 32000-2 available for download free of charge. A PDF file is often a combination of vector graphics , text, and bitmap graphics . The basic types of content in
6480-423: The size of files that have large numbers of small indirect objects and is especially useful for Tagged PDF . Object streams do not support specifying an object's generation number (other than 0). An index table, also called the cross-reference table, is located near the end of the file and gives the byte offset of each indirect object from the start of the file. This design allows for efficient random access to
6570-595: The small San Francisco-based independent paper Cups , and gathered a loyal following with its irreverent humor and quirky approach to the issues and personalities of the day. An article purporting to be an obituary of former 1980s child star Adam Rich (originally intended to be Back to the Future star Crispin Glover until Glover backed out) garnered some national attention. The magazine regularly included humor pieces, and several essays and nonfiction pieces by seminal writers of
6660-432: The special encodings Identity-H (for horizontal writing) and Identity-V (for vertical) are used. With such fonts, it is necessary to provide a ToUnicode table if semantic information about the characters is to be preserved. A text document which is scanned to PDF without the text being recognised by optical character recognition (OCR) is an image, with no fonts or text properties. The original imaging model of PDF
6750-577: The specification passed to an ISO Committee of volunteer industry experts. In 2008, Adobe published a Public Patent License to ISO 32000-1 granting royalty-free rights for all patents owned by Adobe necessary to make, use, sell, and distribute PDF-compliant implementations. PDF 1.7, the sixth edition of the PDF specification that became ISO 32000-1, includes some proprietary technologies defined only by Adobe, such as Adobe XML Forms Architecture (XFA) and JavaScript extension for Acrobat, which are referenced by ISO 32000-1 as normative and indispensable for
6840-789: The subcommittee. In 2012, Metro published a series of articles on Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors chair George Shirakawa, Jr., who had failed to file legally required campaign disclosure statements and had not turned in receipts for 175 taxpayer-underwritten meal charges. The disclosures resulted in an investigation by the Fair Political Practices Commission and the Santa Clara County District Attorney's office. Shirakawa pleaded guilty on March 1, 2013, to five felonies and seven misdemeanors and resigned his office. Assistant District Attorney Karyn Sinunu Towery credited Metro 's reports with prompting
6930-448: The time. When the PDF 1.4 specification was published, the formulas for calculating blend modes were kept secret by Adobe. They have since been published. The concept of a transparency group in PDF specification is independent of existing notions of "group" or "layer" in applications such as Adobe Illustrator. Those groupings reflect logical relationships among objects that are meaningful when editing those objects, but they are not part of
7020-456: The title page. It's a nod to Graham Greene but also the way I hope people will read it. It was cathartic to write, and I hope cathartic to read." As with The Parade , reviews were decidedly mixed, with much criticism noting that Eggers' satire struggled to keep up with or do justice to the events of the Trump era. In a review for the Financial Times , Carl Wilkinson expressed bemusement about
7110-474: The valley's heritage and soul. And we have promoted sensible, pedestrian-oriented development that gets people out of their cars so they can get to know one another. A newspaper at its best should be a community-builder." In 2012, Metro sponsored the Silicon Valley Sound Experience, a multi-venue music festival, which led to the establishment of Creative Convergence Silicon Valley, or C2SV ,
7200-481: Was opaque, similar to PostScript, where each object drawn on the page completely replaced anything previously marked in the same location. In PDF 1.4 the imaging model was extended to allow transparency. When transparency is used, new objects interact with previously marked objects to produce blending effects. The addition of transparency to PDF was done by means of new extensions that were designed to be ignored in products written to PDF 1.3 and earlier specifications. As
7290-400: Was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction . The memoir was praised for its originality, idiosyncratic self-referencing, and several innovative stylistic elements. Early printings of the 2001 trade-paperback edition were published with a lengthy postscript entitled, Mistakes We Knew We Were Making . In 2002, Eggers published his first novel, You Shall Know Our Velocity ,
7380-470: Was an early participant in the online publishing revolution, launching the Livewire online service in 1993, one of the first online efforts by a non-daily newspaper publisher. The service offered free email accounts, online commerce, chats, posting forums and online articles. Virtual Valley , a similar service with an emphasis on covering Silicon Valley communities, was launched the following year and helped put
7470-517: Was born in Boston, Massachusetts , and raised in a family with three siblings. His father, John K. Eggers (1936–1991), was an attorney, and his mother, Heidi McSweeney Eggers (1940–1992), was a schoolteacher. The family moved to Lake Forest, Illinois , where Eggers attended public high school and was a classmate of actor Vince Vaughn . Eggers attended the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign to earn
7560-511: Was first published in 2012. With the introduction of PDF version 1.5 (2003) came the concept of Layers. Layers, more formally known as Optional Content Groups (OCGs), refer to sections of content in a PDF document that can be selectively viewed or hidden by document authors or viewers. This capability is useful in CAD drawings, layered artwork, maps, multi-language documents, etc. Basically, it consists of an Optional Content Properties Dictionary added to
7650-698: Was presented with the "Courage in Media" Award by the Council on American-Islamic Relations for his book Zeitoun . Zeitoun was optioned by Jonathan Demme , who considered an animated film-rendition of the work. To Demme, it "felt like the first in-depth immersion I'd ever had through literature or film into the Muslim-American family. ... The moral was that they are like people of any other faith, and I hope our film, if we can get it made, will also be like that." Demme, quoted in early 2011, expressed confidence that when
7740-414: Was published in late 1998. By this time, Eggers was freelancing for Esquire and continuing to work for Salon. A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius , published in 2000, Eggers' first book, is a memoir with fictional elements, and it focuses on his struggle to raise his younger brother in the San Francisco Bay Area following the deaths of both of their parents. The book quickly became a bestseller and
7830-488: Was released in 2021, but he refused to sell the hardcover edition on Amazon, limiting the release to independent bookstores only. Since its release, paperback editions of The Every have been available on Amazon. In 2022, Eggers's books were among several titles banned in South Dakota schools because of sexual content. Eggers went to South Dakota to speak to authorities and students and offered any student who wanted one of
7920-455: Was released in April 2017. Eggers followed Heroes of the Frontier with The Monk of Mokha (2018), another nonfiction biography in a similar vein to Zeitoun , billed by the publishers as "the exhilarating true story of a young Yemeni American man, raised in San Francisco, who dreams of resurrecting the ancient art of Yemeni coffee but finds himself trapped in Sana'a by civil war." Eggers ended
8010-686: Was standardized as ISO 32000 in 2008. The last edition as ISO 32000-2:2020 was published in December 2020. PDF files may contain a variety of content besides flat text and graphics including logical structuring elements, interactive elements such as annotations and form-fields, layers, rich media (including video content), three-dimensional objects using U3D or PRC , and various other data formats . The PDF specification also provides for encryption and digital signatures , file attachments, and metadata to enable workflows requiring these features. The development of PDF began in 1991 when John Warnock wrote
8100-429: Was the primary guardian of his youngest brother, Toph, with whom he co-authored children's books. Eggers has won numerous annual awards for specific works as well as lifetime achievement awards. He also received an honorary doctorate degree. Eggers and his brother, Christopher, authored this series using the joint pseudonym Benny and Doris Haggis-on-Whey. Voice of Witness , founded by Dave Eggers and Lola Vollen ,
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