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44-517: Merzhausen is a town in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in Germany . The northern and eastern part of Merzhausen is attached to the town of Freiburg im Breisgau . To the south, Merzhausen borders the municipality of Au , which belongs to the administrative region of Hexental and to the west, the municipality of Ebringen . Merzhausen is the smallest municipality in

88-711: A fire company, fire authority , fire district , fire and rescue , or fire service in some areas, is an organization that provides fire prevention and fire suppression services as well as other rescue services. Fire departments are most commonly a public sector organization that operate within a municipality, county, state, nation, or special district. Private and specialist firefighting organizations also exist, such as those for aircraft rescue and firefighting . A fire department contains one or more fire stations within its boundaries, and may be staffed by firefighters , who may be professional , volunteers , conscripts , or on-call . Combination fire departments employ

132-585: A civil service to the public, obliging private fire companies to shut down, many merging their fire stations into the city's fire department. In 1833, London's ten independent brigades all merged to form the London Fire Engine Establishment (LFEE), with James Braidwood as the Chief Officer. Braidwood had previously been the fire chief in Edinburgh , where the world's first municipal fire service

176-408: A durable plaque that would be affixed to the building exterior. Although a popular legend says a company's fire brigade would not extinguish a burning building if it did not have the correct fire mark, there is little evidence to support this; evidence shows insurance companies required their firefighters to fight every fire they encountered. Amsterdam also had a sophisticated firefighting system in

220-562: A fire department varies greatly by country. In the United States, firefighting is usually organized on a municipal level. Some municipalities belong to "fire protection districts" that are served by the same fire department, such as the San Ramon Valley Fire Protection District . Austria, Germany and Canada also organize fire services at a municipal level. In France , fire services mostly cover one department . In

264-512: A height of 254 to 538m. The municipality is made up of the village of Merzhausen and the castle Jesuitenschloss. Merzhausen was first recorded in 786, when the original land owner Heimo Güter gave it away to the Abbey of Saint Gall. After diverse noble families of Freiburg occupied the land, the Society of Jesus of Freiburg acquired it. After the abolition of the holy order in 1773, the land passed over to

308-437: A mix of professional and volunteer firefighters. In some countries, fire departments may also run an ambulance service , staffed by volunteer or professional EMS personnel . Fire departments are organized in a system of administration, services, training, and operations; for example: A fire service is normally set up where it can have fire stations, fire engines and other relevant equipment strategically deployed throughout

352-450: A primary school (Hexentalschule) and different private schools. There is one Catholic public bookstore and two retirement homes. The school's building, which until 2011 also contained a secondary school, was located on private grounds. In recognition of his donation, the municipality named the building after Alois Rapp in 2011. The rooms of the secondary school, which became available, were obtained by local associations. Additionally, there

396-570: A tavern next to a winery. In the middle of the town is the Alte Schloss (Old Castle) of Merzhausen. The Forum Merzhausen (officially Schreibweise FORUM | Merzhausen) in the middle of town is a culture and town house and was finished in November 2012. The transparent walls surround a small hall which can seat around 120 and a separate big hall which can seat 457. Between the Forum and two residential homes

440-505: Is also a post office and a recycling centre in the town. Merzhausen is one of the few municipalities that does not possess its own fire service . Instead Freiburg's fire service has taken over the job of keeping Merzhausen fire-free. Citizens of Merzhausen are allowed to help as volunteer firefighters in the Unterstadt division of the Freiburg fire service. Merzhausen is the headquarters for

484-503: Is based on tourism , wine , and forestry . Politically, the majority of the district parliament ( Kreistag ) is traditionally conservative ( CDU ), with higher levels of conservative votes the farther the distance from Freiburg (which has a green - red majority). The left half of the coat of arms show the colors of Austria , and the right side the colors of Baden , as parts of the District belonged to both states at various times. In

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528-523: Is open from 8am-1pm. Six gastronomical companies, three of which have guestrooms, offer their services next to four vineyards, which grow the following wine varieties, Müller-Thurgau, Chasselas, pinot noir, pinot gris and pinot blanc as well as Riesling. Elsewhere, predominantly small and medium-sized companies in the area of trade, crafting and servicing as well as freelance professions within Merzhausen. Until 2005, Merzhausen had its own police force. This

572-400: Is the new Marktplatz . There is a swimming pool in Merzhausen which has a sauna, sunbathing area and an outdoor pool for small children. In the middle of town, there is a sports hall with a beach volleyball arena as well as at the renaturalised Dorfbach there is a wading pool. On the border with Au, the sports facilities of VfR Merzhausen have tennis courts and a sports hall. Merzhausen is

616-826: The Danube and Neckar , came under the Carolingian dominion of the Ahalolfings . Following the disintegration of the Frankish Empire in 843, the area became part of East Francia and part of it, from 920, the Duchy of Swabia . In 1368, the Breisgau went into the hands of the House of Habsburg (see Anterior Austria ). The Swabian princes of Fürstenberg dominated the Baar, while the area south of Freiburg,

660-501: The Feldberg (1493 m), and extends as far as the plateau of Baar . In the centre of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald lies the territory of the city of Freiburg, which is almost entirely surrounded by Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. Only on its northern side is there a 3-kilometre-long boundary with the municipality of Vörstetten and the district of Emmendingen . The neighbouring counties are Emmendingen , Schwarzwald-Baar , Waldshut , Lörrach and

704-758: The Forum Merzhausen. In summer, there is a Dorfhock and on the Saturday before the 1st day of Advent there is a Christmas market on the Marktplatz . Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald The municipal offices are in the city of Freiburg im Breisgau which is almost entirely surrounded by Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, but is independent of it. In addition, the council has three satellite offices in Müllheim , Titisee-Neustadt and Breisach am Rhein . Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald covers areas which are very different in scenic character: in

748-730: The French départements of the Haut-Rhin and the Bas-Rhin . The independent city of Freiburg is surrounded by the district. The district is named after the Breisgau , a historical territory, and the High Black Forest ( Hochschwarzwald ). The climate in Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald is very varied. Between Ihringen , the place with the highest annual average temperature in Germany, and

792-467: The Halifax Regional Fire and Emergency , which is today Canada's oldest fire department. In 1764, Haddonfield, New Jersey established the second oldest fire company in the United States. Another early American fire department, staffed by unpaid volunteers, was established in the city of Petersburg, Virginia in 1773. In the 19th century, cities began to form their own fire departments as

836-631: The Markgräflerland , ended up with the margraves of Baden . In 1805/06, after the end of the Napoleonic wars , the region became part of the Grand Duchy of Baden . The district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald was established as part of the district reform of Baden-Württemberg on 1 Jan 1973, mainly from the former rural districts of Freiburg , Müllheim and Hochschwarzwald (with its head office in Neustadt in

880-884: The Upper Rhine Plain are the Markgräflerland and its foothill zone , which is continued north of the Breisgau with the hills of Kaiserstuhl , the Tuniberg and the Nimberg . Within the district, the Black Forest covers the side valleys opening onto the Rhine Plain - the Glottertal , the valley of the Dreisam , the Höllental and the Münstertal - the High Black Forest with its highest peak,

924-610: The Zentrale für Unterrichtsmedien im Internet (The centre for instructional media on the internet) The L122 connects Merzhausen with the town of Freiburg and the municipality of Hexental. The bus line 12, which is part of the Freiburger Verkehrs AG , connects Merzhausen with Au and Vauban , a part of Freiburg and its tram network . In addition, the bus line 7208, maintained by Südbadenbus, operates between Bad Krozingen and Freiburg train station via Vauban. Merzhausen belongs to

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968-506: The 17th century after the Great Fire of London in 1666. The first insurance brigades were established the following year. Others began to realize that a lot of money could be made from this practice, and ten more insurance companies set up in London before 1832: The Alliance, Atlas, Globe, Imperial, London, Protector, Royal Exchange, Sun Union and Westminster. Each company had its own fire mark ,

1012-593: The Black Forest). In addition, the municipality of Unadingen from the district of Donaueschingen was incorporated. Other municipalities were integrated into the city of Freiburg. The southern part of the district of Müllheim went to Lörrach and some municipalities were transferred from the old district of Hochschwarzwald to Waldshut . Later, more municipalities were incorporated into the city of Freiburg: Munzingen on 1 July 1973, Hochdorf on 1 September 1973 and Ebnet and Kappel on 1 July 1974. On 1 September 1973,

1056-506: The Schnewlin family of Bernlapp and after them, in 1838, the land became the Schauenburg. Eventually, the land pass over to the newly created Grand Duchy of Baden, alongside all of Breisgau. Population development: Merzhausen stayed after the reformation Roman Catholic. The parish church is dedicated to Saint Gall. The parish community belongs to the pastoral unit of Hexental. Because of

1100-819: The United Kingdom, most fire services cover one or more counties , while Scotland and Northern Ireland each have a single fire service. In Australia, state governments run the fire services, although three states have separate agencies for metropolitan and rural areas. Poland, the Czech Republic, Israel, Italy, New Zealand, and the Philippines have national fire and rescue services. Fire departments may also provide other, more specialized emergency services, such as aircraft rescue and firefighting , hazardous materials response, technical rescue , search and rescue , and wildland firefighting . In some countries or regions (e.g.,

1144-496: The United States, Germany, Japan, Hong Kong, Macau), fire departments can be responsible for providing emergency medical services . The EMS personnel may either be cross-trained as firefighters or a separate division of emergency medical technicians and paramedics . While some services act only as "first responders" to medical emergencies, stabilizing victims until an ambulance can arrive, other fire services also operate ambulance services . The earliest known firefighting service

1188-503: The area it serves, so that dispatchers can send fire engines, fire trucks, or ambulances from the fire stations closest to the incident. Larger departments have branches within themselves to increase efficiency, composed of volunteers, support, and research. Most places are covered by a public sector fire department, which is established by a local or national government and funded by taxation. Even volunteer fire departments may still receive some government funding. The typical size of

1232-686: The colonies' first fire insurance company in Philadelphia named the Philadelphia Contributionship, as well as its associated Union Volunteer Fire Company , which was an unpaid (volunteer) company. A document dated in 1686 informs about the payment system of four so called "fire servants" (German: Feuerknecht ) in Vienna , which is the official founding year of the Vienna Fire Department. In 1754, Halifax, Nova Scotia established

1276-537: The completion of the municipal form, the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald comprised 50 municipalities, including ten towns. There are no large county towns. The largest town is Müllheim , the smallest municipality is Heuweiler . The most recent town is Bad Krozingen (from 1 September 2005). The population figures are based on censuses (1987) or official updates by the Baden-Württemberg State Office of Statistics (only main residences). The economy

1320-468: The early nineteenth century when large numbers of them were formed as the area became part of Baden. In the course of the history the Amtsbezirke were changed several times, until in 1936 only those of Freiburg, Müllheim, Neustadt im Schwarzwald and Staufen were left. Staufen was divided between Freiburg and Müllheim. The district of Neustadt, founded in 1939, was renamed Hochschwarzwald in 1956. Following

1364-687: The immigration of the people who were driven from their homes after the Second World War, an Evangelical community arose, called the Johannes-Gemeinde, John's community. Between 1980 and 1981, the Schoenstatt Movement was created at the northern slope of the Schönberg. The local elections, which took place on 25 May 2014, resulted in the following seat distribution. The turnout was 50.9%, down from 2009 (55.62%). In March 2024, Melanie Kienle

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1408-590: The late 17th century, under the direction of artist Jan van der Heyden , who had improved the designs of both fire hoses and fire pumps. The city of Boston, Massachusetts established America's first publicly funded, paid fire department in 1678. Fire insurance made its debut in the American colonies in South Carolina in 1736, but it was Benjamin Franklin who imported the London model of insurance. He established

1452-460: The local area with the highest population density, which is also higher than that of Freiburg. Between Schönberg and the Black Forest , lying at the northernmost part of Hexental, Merzhausen belongs to both the so-called the foothill area as well as the Black Forest, which the main fault passes through the municipality between Oberrheingraben and the Black Forest. The municipality is located at

1496-500: The middle, the coat of arms shows an eagle , taken from the coat of arms of the Princes of Fürstenberg . The coat of arms was granted in 1974, and it is very similar to the coat of arms of the previous Freiburg district. 47°57′N 7°51′E  /  47.95°N 7.85°E  / 47.95; 7.85 Fire department A fire department ( North American English ) or fire brigade ( Commonwealth English ), also known as

1540-483: The municipality of Schönenbach, which belonged to the district of Waldshut, was added. On 1 January 1974 Kiechlinsbergen was ceded to Emmendingen. On 1 April 1974 Leiselheim followed. On 18 March 1975 Grünwald was added from the district of Waldshut was added (moving from Bonndorf im Schwarzwald to Lenzkirch ). The three old districts were formed in 1939 from the Amtbezirke of the same name that had been established in

1584-585: The starting point for the historical Bettlerpfad (Beggar's Path), one of the old connections, which is still used to this day as a public footpath, to Freiburg via Staufen im Breisgau and Salzburg to Badenweiler. The village also has a lot of breathtaking nature, so much so that in 2015 successful breeding pairs of long-eared owl have been observed in a garden on the Schlossweg and been documented. Concerts and exhibitions such as Merzhausen in December take place in

1628-682: The summit of the Feldberg, both the warmest and the coldest places in Baden-Württemberg lie in Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. Climatically, the district is one of the warmest regions in Germany: its mean annual temperature in the Rhine valley is 11 °C (52 °F), its average rainfall is approximately 900 mm (35 in), and it has about 1,800 hours of sunshine annually. Moreover, the highest temperature ever measured in Germany , 40.2 °C (104.4 °F),

1672-490: The tariff zone of the Regio-Verkehrsverbundes Freiburg. The Church of St. Gallus was first mentioned in 786. The "Old Church" was built between 1759 and 1760. Next to this building, a new church was built between the years of 1976 and 1978. The "Old Church" which is connected with the new church, was renovated in 1978. The former Jesuitenschoss of 1666 received its modern-day form in 1727 and accommodated

1716-545: Was dissolved which meant that the next police station in Ehrenkirchen is the only one in the local area. Hexental publishes the Hexentäler Amtsblatt fortnightly, which is delivered to all households free-of-charge. Additionally, a free information brochure is released every two years about the municipality of Hexental in the A + K publishing house. Alongside different kindergartens and nurseries, Merzhausen possesses

1760-543: Was elected mayor of Merzhausen. Merzhausen's coat of arms depicts on a silver (white) background a black bear, the symbol for being part of the St Gallen cloister, which holds in front of itself the crest of the Schnewlin family. The crest is horizontally divided into a gold part and a green part. Merzhausen has been partnered with Dardilly in the département of Rhone in France since 1982. Untied purchasing power per inhabitant

1804-611: Was formed in Ancient Rome by Marcus Egnatius Rufus who used his slaves to provide a free fire service. These men fought fires using bucket chains and also patrolled the streets with the authority to impose corporal punishment upon those who violated fire-prevention codes. The Emperor Augustus established a public fire department in 24 BCE, composed of 600 slaves distributed amongst seven fire stations in Rome. Fire departments were again formed by property insurance companies beginning in

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1848-580: Was founded in 1824, and he is now regarded, along with Van der Heyden, as one of founders of modern firefighting. The LFEE then was incorporated into the city's Metropolitan Fire Brigade in 1865 under Eyre Massey Shaw . In 1879, the University of Notre Dame established the first University-based fire department in the United States. The first motorized fire department was organized in 1906 in Springfield, Massachusetts , where Knox Automobile had developed

1892-415: Was recorded on 13 August 2003 in the municipality of March . March shares this record with Gärmersdorf near Amberg , Freiburg and Karlsruhe . The County of Breisgau ( Grafschaft Breisgau ) and County of Baar ( Grafschaft Baar ) were formed on the territory of the present district in the 8th century. Both counties belonged to the Duchy of Alemannia . The eastern part, the upper reaches of

1936-423: Was €20,871 in 2005. There are only 40 other communes in Baden-Württemberg, that have a higher purchasing power. Except for a discount supermarket to the north and a full-range provider to the south, Merzhausen also possesses several smaller retail stores on Hexentalstraße and in the middle of Merzhausen. Every Saturday, there is a weekly market which is located in the Marktplatz in front of the Forum Merzhausen and

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