Misplaced Pages

#323676

93-418: The mall's anchor stores are Kohl's , Target and Ross Dress for Less . There are 2 vacant anchor stores that were once Younkers - which is set for remodeling as an ice arena - and Sears - which was demolished in 2021. Applebee's , IHOP , and Starbucks operate on the outparcels of the mall. Other prominent stores in the mall include Old Navy . Most of the mall is in the northwest part of Des Moines, but

186-472: A coolant in the rotor and the stator in 1937 at Dayton , Ohio, owned by the Dayton Power & Light Co. This was justified by the high thermal conductivity and very low viscosity of hydrogen gas, thus lower drag than air. This is the most common coolant used for generators 60 MW and larger; smaller generators are usually air-cooled . The nickel–hydrogen battery was used for the first time in 1977 aboard

279-465: A nucleus which is usually composed of one proton. That is why H is often called a proton. This species is central to discussion of acids . Under the Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory , acids are proton donors, while bases are proton acceptors. A bare proton, H , cannot exist in solution or in ionic crystals because of its strong attraction to other atoms or molecules with electrons. Except at

372-490: A stoichiometric quantity of hydrogen at the anode. For hydrides other than group 1 and 2 metals, the term is quite misleading, considering the low electronegativity of hydrogen. An exception in group 2 hydrides is BeH 2 , which is polymeric. In lithium aluminium hydride , the [AlH 4 ] anion carries hydridic centers firmly attached to the Al(III). Although hydrides can be formed with almost all main-group elements,

465-457: A 1994 interview with The Des Moines Register , Iowa State University economist Kenneth Stone stated that Merle Hay Mall successfully adapted to the changing lifestyles of the 1960s and 1970s by offering longer shopping hours during a time when downtown Des Moines merchants began restricting their hours. Author and Des Moines native Bill Bryson commented on how Merle Hay Mall's opening changed Des Moines in his 2006 memoir The Life and Times of

558-470: A 3,500-capacity arena for the Bucs, three additional sheets of ice for tournaments and community use, and a 150-room hotel, to be completed ahead of the 2022-23 hockey season. Kohl%27s Kohl's (stylized in all caps ) is an American department store retail chain , operated by Kohl's Corporation. It currently has 1,165 locations, operating stores in every U.S. state except Hawaii . The company

651-450: A Saturday" when he commented on the obesity of Iowa women. The original Younkers store at Merle Hay Mall was destroyed by a fire that broke out on the morning of November 5, 1978. The fire caused an estimated $ 20 million in damage, and killed eleven store employees. The store was closed for nearly a year in order to rebuild. In early 1979, Des Moines fire officials announced that a hydrogen buildup caused by alkaline water leaking from

744-535: A deal with makeup retailer Sephora , to have certain Kohl's locations have Sephora stores inside of the stores. This is a move to replace their in-house beauty selection. In 2024, Haus Labs by Lady Gaga announced that they had joined the Sephora at Kohl’s assortment. Kohl's uses a "racetrack" layout with a single aisle that circles the entire store, a layout borrowed from discount stores. Hydrogen Hydrogen

837-437: A fire. Anaerobic oxidation of iron by the protons of water at high temperature can be schematically represented by the set of following reactions: Many metals such as zirconium undergo a similar reaction with water leading to the production of hydrogen. François Isaac de Rivaz built the first de Rivaz engine , an internal combustion engine powered by a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen in 1806. Edward Daniel Clarke invented

930-448: A monatomic gas at cryogenic temperatures. According to quantum theory, this behavior arises from the spacing of the (quantized) rotational energy levels, which are particularly wide-spaced in H 2 because of its low mass. These widely spaced levels inhibit equal partition of heat energy into rotational motion in hydrogen at low temperatures. Diatomic gases composed of heavier atoms do not have such widely spaced levels and do not exhibit

1023-545: A partial negative charge. These compounds are often known as hydrides . Hydrogen forms many compounds with carbon called the hydrocarbons , and even more with heteroatoms that, due to their association with living things, are called organic compounds . The study of their properties is known as organic chemistry and their study in the context of living organisms is called biochemistry . By some definitions, "organic" compounds are only required to contain carbon. However, most of them also contain hydrogen, and because it

SECTION 10

#1732879911324

1116-477: A partial positive charge. When bonded to a more electronegative element, particularly fluorine , oxygen , or nitrogen , hydrogen can participate in a form of medium-strength noncovalent bonding with another electronegative element with a lone pair, a phenomenon called hydrogen bonding that is critical to the stability of many biological molecules. Hydrogen also forms compounds with less electronegative elements, such as metals and metalloids , where it takes on

1209-515: A prolonged period of time. By August, some prominent retailers, Helzberg Diamonds, Victoria's Secret and Justice among them; closed their locations in the mall. In October 2020, it was announced that the vacant Sears building would be demolished to facilitate future development. In November 2020, the Des Moines Buccaneers hockey team announced they would build a new sports facility in the old Younkers and adjacent areas. The new project will see

1302-405: A proton and an electron, the hydrogen atom , together with the spectrum of light produced from it or absorbed by it, has been central to the development of the theory of atomic structure. Furthermore, study of the corresponding simplicity of the hydrogen molecule and the corresponding cation H + 2 brought understanding of the nature of the chemical bond , which followed shortly after

1395-526: A serious incident. Hydrogen-lifted airships were used as observation platforms and bombers during the war. The first non-stop transatlantic crossing was made by the British airship R34 in 1919. Regular passenger service resumed in the 1920s and the discovery of helium reserves in the United States promised increased safety, but the U.S. government refused to sell the gas for this purpose. Therefore, H 2

1488-440: A similar experiment with iron and sulfuric acid. However, in all likelihood, "sulfureous" should here be understood to mean "combustible". In 1766, Henry Cavendish was the first to recognize hydrogen gas as a discrete substance, by naming the gas from a metal-acid reaction "inflammable air". He speculated that "inflammable air" was in fact identical to the hypothetical substance " phlogiston " and further finding in 1781 that

1581-498: A smaller portion comes from energy-intensive methods such as the electrolysis of water . Its main industrial uses include fossil fuel processing, such as hydrocracking , and ammonia production , with emerging uses in fuel cells for electricity generation and as a heat source. When used in fuel cells, hydrogen's only emission at point of use is water vapor, though combustion can produce nitrogen oxides . Hydrogen's interaction with metals may cause embrittlement . Hydrogen gas

1674-467: A spark or flame, they do not react at room temperature in the absence of a catalyst. The ground state energy level of the electron in a hydrogen atom is −13.6  eV , equivalent to an ultraviolet photon of roughly 91 nm wavelength. The energy levels of hydrogen can be calculated fairly accurately using the Bohr model of the atom, in which the electron "orbits" the proton, like how Earth orbits

1767-450: A species. To avoid the implication of the naked "solvated proton" in solution, acidic aqueous solutions are sometimes considered to contain a less unlikely fictitious species, termed the " hydronium ion" ( [H 3 O] ). However, even in this case, such solvated hydrogen cations are more realistically conceived as being organized into clusters that form species closer to [H 9 O 4 ] . Other oxonium ions are found when water

1860-406: A spin singlet state having spin S = 0 {\displaystyle S=0} . The equilibrium ratio of ortho- to para-hydrogen depends on temperature. At room temperature or warmer, equilibrium hydrogen gas contains about 25% of the para form and 75% of the ortho form. The ortho form is an excited state , having higher energy than the para form by 1.455 kJ/mol, and it converts to

1953-438: A term that is used fairly loosely. The term "hydride" suggests that the H atom has acquired a negative or anionic character, denoted H ; and is used when hydrogen forms a compound with a more electropositive element. The existence of the hydride anion , suggested by Gilbert N. Lewis in 1916 for group 1 and 2 salt-like hydrides, was demonstrated by Moers in 1920 by the electrolysis of molten lithium hydride (LiH), producing

SECTION 20

#1732879911324

2046-592: A viable shopping center. According to Elizabeth Holland, the CEO of Abbell Credit Corporation, the Des Moines area is large enough to support only two shopping malls, and the goal of the Merle Hay Mall redevelopment is to make it "become one of the two surviving shopping malls." On March 10, 2008, the Des Moines city council agreed to rezone the area around Merle Hay Mall into a tax increment financing district in order to help

2139-478: A while before caus'd to be purposely fil'd off from a piece of good steel. This metalline powder being moistn'd in the viol with a little of the menstruum, was afterwards drench'd with more; whereupon the mixture grew very hot, and belch'd up copious and stinking fumes; which whether they consisted altogether of the volatile sulfur of the Mars [iron], or of metalline steams participating of a sulfureous nature, and join'd with

2232-579: Is exothermic and produces enough heat to evaporate most of the liquid if not converted first to parahydrogen during the cooling process. Catalysts for the ortho-para interconversion, such as ferric oxide and activated carbon compounds, are used during hydrogen cooling to avoid this loss of liquid. While H 2 is not very reactive under standard conditions, it does form compounds with most elements. Hydrogen can form compounds with elements that are more electronegative , such as halogens (F, Cl, Br, I), or oxygen ; in these compounds hydrogen takes on

2325-428: Is a chemical element ; it has symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the lightest element and, at standard conditions , is a gas of diatomic molecules with the formula H 2 , sometimes called dihydrogen , but more commonly called hydrogen gas , molecular hydrogen or simply hydrogen. It is colorless, odorless, non-toxic, and highly combustible . Constituting about 75% of all normal matter , hydrogen

2418-505: Is crucial in acid-base reactions , which mainly involve proton exchange among soluble molecules. In ionic compounds , hydrogen can take the form of either a negatively charged anion , where it is known as hydride , or as a positively charged cation , H . The cation, usually just a proton (symbol p ), exhibits specific behavior in aqueous solutions and in ionic compounds involves screening of its electric charge by surrounding polar molecules or anions. Hydrogen's unique position as

2511-464: Is detected in order to probe primordial hydrogen. The large amount of neutral hydrogen found in the damped Lyman-alpha systems is thought to dominate the cosmological baryonic density of the universe up to a redshift of z  = 4. Under ordinary conditions on Earth, elemental hydrogen exists as the diatomic gas, H 2 . Hydrogen gas is very rare in Earth's atmosphere (around 0.53 ppm on

2604-400: Is highly flammable: Enthalpy of combustion : −286 kJ/mol. Hydrogen gas forms explosive mixtures with air in concentrations from 4–74% and with chlorine at 5–95%. The hydrogen autoignition temperature , the temperature of spontaneous ignition in air, is 500 °C (932 °F). Pure hydrogen-oxygen flames emit ultraviolet light and with high oxygen mix are nearly invisible to

2697-453: Is in acidic solution with other solvents. Although exotic on Earth, one of the most common ions in the universe is the H + 3 ion, known as protonated molecular hydrogen or the trihydrogen cation. Hydrogen has three naturally occurring isotopes, denoted H , H and H . Other, highly unstable nuclei ( H to H ) have been synthesized in the laboratory but not observed in nature. Unique among

2790-484: Is soluble in both nanocrystalline and amorphous metals . Hydrogen solubility in metals is influenced by local distortions or impurities in the crystal lattice . These properties may be useful when hydrogen is purified by passage through hot palladium disks, but the gas's high solubility is a metallurgical problem, contributing to the embrittlement of many metals, complicating the design of pipelines and storage tanks. Hydrogen compounds are often called hydrides ,

2883-532: Is still used, in preference to non-flammable but more expensive helium, as a lifting gas for weather balloons . Deuterium was discovered in December 1931 by Harold Urey , and tritium was prepared in 1934 by Ernest Rutherford , Mark Oliphant , and Paul Harteck . Heavy water , which consists of deuterium in the place of regular hydrogen, was discovered by Urey's group in 1932. The first hydrogen-cooled turbogenerator went into service using gaseous hydrogen as

Merle Hay Mall - Misplaced Pages Continue

2976-487: Is the most abundant chemical element in the universe . Stars , including the Sun , mainly consist of hydrogen in a plasma state , while on Earth, hydrogen is found in water , organic compounds , as dihydrogen , and in other molecular forms . The most common isotope of hydrogen (protium, H) consists of one proton , one electron , and no neutrons . In the early universe , the formation of hydrogen's protons occurred in

3069-412: Is the carbon-hydrogen bond that gives this class of compounds most of its particular chemical characteristics, carbon-hydrogen bonds are required in some definitions of the word "organic" in chemistry. Millions of hydrocarbons are known, and they are usually formed by complicated pathways that seldom involve elemental hydrogen. Hydrogen is highly soluble in many rare earth and transition metals and

3162-502: The British American Tobacco Company's U.S. retail division, Batus Inc. , bought a controlling interest in Kohl's Corporation, which at the time operated 50 grocery stores, six department stores, three drug stores, and three liquor stores. The Kohl family, led by Allen Kohl and Herb Kohl , continued to manage the company. Herb Kohl left the management in 1979, eventually becoming a United States senator and owner of

3255-496: The Hindenburg airship was a notorious example of hydrogen combustion and the cause is still debated. The visible flames in the photographs were the result of carbon compounds in the airship skin burning. H 2 is unreactive compared to diatomic elements such as halogens or oxygen. The thermodynamic basis of this low reactivity is the very strong H–H bond, with a bond dissociation energy of 435.7 kJ/mol. The kinetic basis of

3348-570: The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) allows any of D, T, H , and H to be used, though H and H are preferred. The exotic atom muonium (symbol Mu), composed of an anti muon and an electron , can also be considered a light radioisotope of hydrogen. Because muons decay with lifetime 2.2  µs , muonium is too unstable for observable chemistry. Nevertheless, muonium compounds are important test cases for quantum simulation , due to

3441-532: The Milwaukee Bucks . The firm then expanded Kohl's presence from 10 to 39 stores in Wisconsin, Illinois and Indiana . The grocery stores were sold to A&P in 1983, operating under the name Kohl's Food Store, and later Kohl's Food Emporium. In February 2003, A&P put the Kohl's Food Stores up for sale, as part of an effort to reduce debt. That same year, A&P closed all Kohl's Food Stores locations and

3534-701: The New York Stock Exchange under the symbol KSS. During the 2000s, Kohl's expanded nationwide to 49 states. Building from 76 stores in the Midwest in 1992, Kohl's expanded into the New York metropolitan area in 2000 after Caldor was liquidated. The chain later expanded into the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex , California in 2003 with 28 new stores, the Pacific Northwest in 2006 with 10 new stores, and

3627-515: The Southeast with 43 new stores opening between 2005 and 2008. To raise money to repurchase its stock and open new stores, Kohl's sold its credit card division in 2006 to J.P. Morgan Chase for $ 1.5 billion. In 2011, Kohl's replaced Chase with Capital One as their private credit card processing partner for an undisclosed sum. In 2016, Kohl's added the Capital One backed private label Kohl's Card to

3720-501: The food court along with a vacant portion of the building which had been a single-screen movie theater with the largest movie screen in Des Moines. During the Christmas holiday season there are several businesses which occupy space in the mall temporarily too. It is managed by Abbell Credit Corporation, the same company that has held a majority ownership interest in the mall since 1959. It has undergone several renovations over time to remain

3813-431: The "planetary orbit" differs from electron motion. Molecular H 2 exists as two spin isomers , i.e. compounds that differ only in the spin states of their nuclei. In the orthohydrogen form, the spins of the two nuclei are parallel, forming a spin triplet state having a total molecular spin S = 1 {\displaystyle S=1} ; in the parahydrogen form the spins are antiparallel and form

Merle Hay Mall - Misplaced Pages Continue

3906-494: The Des Moines market, and the old Younkers was demolished shortly afterwards to make room for a new Target store that opened July 19, 2005. Target's opening ended a period of declining sales at the mall, as sales had decreased by 8 to 10 percent during the first year that Jordan Creek Town Center was open. The mall is anchored by Kohl's (73,799 sq ft) and Target (126,483 sq ft) with two vacant anchors last occupied by Younkers (165,000 sq ft), with over 60 inline tenants including

3999-641: The Kohl family left remaining management. A group of investors, led by the senior management, purchased the company in 1986. Building on the existing 40 department stores, the company added 27 more stores over the next two years. In 1988, the chain acquired 26 locations from the Chicago -based retailer MainStreet , gaining several stores in Chicago's suburbs, the Twin Cities , and Michigan . Kohl's completed its initial public offering on May 19, 1992, and began trading on

4092-568: The Kohl's App to create Kohl's Pay - the first integrated mobile checkout solution for a retailer in US, combining Kohl's Card, Kohl's Cash, Kohl's Yes-2-You Rewards and Kohl's coupons into a single QR Code Payment , with technology powered by Omnyway, Inc (né OmnyPay), a Silicon Valley startup. That same year, Kohl's became the first retailer to include Kohl's Card and Kohl's Rewards in one tap payments with Apple Pay . Kohl's hired New York City advertising agency DeVito/Verdi in 2009 to strengthen

4185-543: The Kohl's brand via a series of national television, online, and social media campaigns. The same year, Newsweek magazine ranked the company 18th overall and first in its industry in its "Green Rankings", an examination of 500 of the largest corporations on their environmental track records. Newsweek remarked that Kohl's had the largest solar power program of any retailer globally, it pursues green building certification, and over 78 locations in six states have solar panels. Kohl's had also begun to sell reusable shopping bags

4278-476: The Sun and other stars). The charged particles are highly influenced by magnetic and electric fields. For example, in the solar wind they interact with the Earth's magnetosphere giving rise to Birkeland currents and the aurora . Hydrogen is found in the neutral atomic state in the interstellar medium because the atoms seldom collide and combine. They are the source of the 21-cm hydrogen line at 1420 MHz that

4371-454: The Sun and the CNO cycle of nuclear fusion in case of stars more massive than the Sun . Throughout the universe, hydrogen is mostly found in the atomic and plasma states, with properties quite distinct from those of molecular hydrogen. As a plasma, hydrogen's electron and proton are not bound together, resulting in very high electrical conductivity and high emissivity (producing the light from

4464-460: The Sun. However, the electron and proton are held together by electrostatic attraction, while planets and celestial objects are held by gravity . Due to the discretization of angular momentum postulated in early quantum mechanics by Bohr, the electron in the Bohr model can only occupy certain allowed distances from the proton, and therefore only certain allowed energies. A more accurate description of

4557-506: The Thunderbolt Kid : "My father never shopped anywhere else after that. Neither did most people. By the early 1960s, people exchanged boasts about how long it had been since they had been downtown. They had found a new kind of happiness at the malls." In 1989's The Lost Continent , Bryson wrote that " Jack Kerouac , of all people, thought that Iowa women were the prettiest in the country, but I don't think he ever went to Merle Hay Mall on

4650-641: The U.S. Navy's Navigation technology satellite-2 (NTS-2). The International Space Station , Mars Odyssey and the Mars Global Surveyor are equipped with nickel-hydrogen batteries. In the dark part of its orbit, the Hubble Space Telescope is also powered by nickel-hydrogen batteries, which were finally replaced in May 2009, more than 19 years after launch and 13 years beyond their design life. Because of its simple atomic structure, consisting only of

4743-453: The actual last day of business occurring on February 4, 2017. In October 2017, the Staples location became Ross Dress for Less . On April 18, 2018 it was announced that Younkers would be closing, as the parent, Bon-Ton Stores , was going out of business. The store closed on August 29, 2018. On July 13, 2018 Sears announced they will also be closing at Merle Hay Mall. The nearly 60 year-old anchor

SECTION 50

#1732879911324

4836-535: The chain was the 23rd-largest retailer in the United States in 2019. As of February 2023, the CEO of Kohl's was Tom Kingsbury , who accepted the position after serving on an interim basis since December 2022. He replaced Michelle Gass once she took a position with Levi Strauss . In November 2024, the company announced a CEO transition with Ashley Buchanan replacing Tom Kingsbury starting January 15, 2025. Maxwell Kohl, who had operated traditional grocery stores since 1927, built his first supermarket in 1946,

4929-430: The elements, distinct names are assigned to its isotopes in common use. During the early study of radioactivity, heavy radioisotopes were given their own names, but these are mostly no longer used. The symbols D and T (instead of H and H ) are sometimes used for deuterium and tritium, but the symbol P was already used for phosphorus and thus was not available for protium. In its nomenclatural guidelines,

5022-470: The firm's $ 19 billion in annual sales. These include in-house clothing brands such as American Beauty, Apt. 9, Croft & Barrow, Jumping Beans, So, Tek Gear, and Urban Pipeline. The Sonoma Goods for Life brand of apparel and home goods alone is worth over a billion dollars, and Kohl's announced relaunch plans for the brand in 2016. Kohl's has also purchased the exclusive retail rights to existing brands such as Candie's and Mudd Jeans . In 2021, Kohl's made

5115-536: The first in what would become a southeastern Wisconsin chain known as Kohl's Food Stores . In September 1962, after building Kohl's Food Stores into the largest supermarket chain in the Milwaukee area, Kohl opened his first department store in Brookfield, Wisconsin . He positioned Kohl's between the higher-end department stores and the discounters, selling everything from candy to engine oil to sporting equipment. In 1972,

5208-493: The first reliable form of air-travel following the 1852 invention of the first hydrogen-lifted airship by Henri Giffard . German count Ferdinand von Zeppelin promoted the idea of rigid airships lifted by hydrogen that later were called Zeppelins ; the first of which had its maiden flight in 1900. Regularly scheduled flights started in 1910 and by the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, they had carried 35,000 passengers without

5301-491: The first second after the Big Bang ; neutral hydrogen atoms only formed about 370,000 years later during the recombination epoch as the universe cooled and plasma had cooled enough for electrons to remain bound to protons. Hydrogen, typically nonmetallic except under extreme pressure , readily forms covalent bonds with most nonmetals, contributing to the formation of compounds like water and various organic substances. Its role

5394-455: The former Waldenbooks and GameStop (which is now next to the Helzberg's Diamonds) were renovated to include Staples . Old Navy moved to the west into a space across from their former location which made way for Shoe Carnival and Ulta to occupy Old Navy's space. As a result of the redevelopment, Old Navy has relocated to a smaller space within the mall. In 2013, Dunham's Sports moved out of

5487-462: The gas produces water when burned. He is usually given credit for the discovery of hydrogen as an element. In 1783, Antoine Lavoisier identified the element that came to be known as hydrogen when he and Laplace reproduced Cavendish's finding that water is produced when hydrogen is burned. Lavoisier produced hydrogen for his experiments on mass conservation by reacting a flux of steam with metallic iron through an incandescent iron tube heated in

5580-427: The high temperatures associated with plasmas, such protons cannot be removed from the electron clouds of atoms and molecules, and will remain attached to them. However, the term 'proton' is sometimes used loosely and metaphorically to refer to positively charged or cationic hydrogen attached to other species in this fashion, and as such is denoted " H " without any implication that any single protons exist freely as

5673-497: The hydrogen atom comes from a quantum analysis that uses the Schrödinger equation , Dirac equation or Feynman path integral formulation to calculate the probability density of the electron around the proton. The most complex formulas include the small effects of special relativity and vacuum polarization . In the quantum mechanical treatment, the electron in a ground state hydrogen atom has no angular momentum—illustrating how

SECTION 60

#1732879911324

5766-399: The hydrogen gas blowpipe in 1819. The Döbereiner's lamp and limelight were invented in 1823. Hydrogen was liquefied for the first time by James Dewar in 1898 by using regenerative cooling and his invention, the vacuum flask . He produced solid hydrogen the next year. The first hydrogen-filled balloon was invented by Jacques Charles in 1783. Hydrogen provided the lift for

5859-550: The last suit against B.F. Goodrich was dismissed by a Polk County district judge in April 1986. Merle Hay Mall lost its first anchor in 1991 when the Younkers Store for Homes closed after Younkers decided to stop selling furniture and appliances in order to focus on its more profitable fashion business. Kohl's replaced it in 1993. In 1998, during the chain's first round of Chapter 11 bankruptcy , Montgomery Ward faced eviction from

5952-400: The low reactivity is the nonpolar nature of H 2 and its weak polarizability. It spontaneously reacts with chlorine and fluorine to form hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride , respectively. The reactivity of H 2 is strongly affected by the presence of metal catalysts. Thus, while mixtures of H 2 with O 2 or air combust readily when heated to at least 500°C by

6045-465: The mall after an analysis by Kenneth Stone showed that Ward was operating a discount store instead of the "first class, full line department store" that its lease required. Montgomery Ward responded by closing in early 1999, and Famous-Barr opened a new store in that space in August 2000, while the rest of the mall underwent a $ 20 million renovation that year. Younkers moved into the former Famous-Barr space on July 18, 2004, one month after Famous-Barr left

6138-427: The mall's owners pay for future renovations. The move came as the mall's assessed property value had declined by over $ 13 million since 2005. Merle Hay Mall's owners constructed a new main entrance to the mall and relocated some retailers to other areas of the mall in order to create space for new "junior" anchor stores with exterior entrances. The spaces occupied by the former Sam Goody Superstore (replaced by Staples),

6231-468: The mall, with MC Sports replacing it. However, in 2017, MC Sports filed for bankruptcy and moved out shortly after. It has since been replaced with a bouncy-house arena. The upper level became a Flix Brewhouse movie theater in mid-2014. Flix has proven to be an exceptionally popular destination not just in the mall, but in all of greater Des Moines. In 2015, Deb closed. Staples announced in late-2016 that it would be closing their store in Merle Hay Mall with

6324-402: The mass difference between the antimuon and the proton, and IUPAC nomenclature incorporates such hypothetical compounds as muonium chloride (MuCl) and sodium muonide (NaMu), analogous to hydrogen chloride and sodium hydride respectively. Table of thermal and physical properties of hydrogen (H 2 ) at atmospheric pressure: In 1671, Irish scientist Robert Boyle discovered and described

6417-481: The mass of the universe, however, is not in the form of chemical-element type matter, but rather is postulated to occur as yet-undetected forms of mass such as dark matter and dark energy . Hydrogen is found in great abundance in stars and gas giant planets. Molecular clouds of H 2 are associated with star formation . Hydrogen plays a vital role in powering stars through the proton-proton reaction in case of stars with very low to approximately 1 mass of

6510-490: The naked eye, as illustrated by the faint plume of the Space Shuttle Main Engine , compared to the highly visible plume of a Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster , which uses an ammonium perchlorate composite . The detection of a burning hydrogen leak, may require a flame detector ; such leaks can be very dangerous. Hydrogen flames in other conditions are blue, resembling blue natural gas flames. The destruction of

6603-649: The number and combination of possible compounds varies widely; for example, more than 100 binary borane hydrides are known, but only one binary aluminium hydride. Binary indium hydride has not yet been identified, although larger complexes exist. In inorganic chemistry , hydrides can also serve as bridging ligands that link two metal centers in a coordination complex . This function is particularly common in group 13 elements , especially in boranes ( boron hydrides) and aluminium complexes, as well as in clustered carboranes . Oxidation of hydrogen removes its electron and gives H , which contains no electrons and

6696-651: The only neutral atom for which the Schrödinger equation can be directly solved, has significantly contributed to the foundational principles of quantum mechanics through the exploration of its energetics and chemical bonding . Hydrogen gas was first produced artificially in the early 16th century by reacting acids with metals. Henry Cavendish , in 1766–81, identified hydrogen gas as a distinct substance and discovered its property of producing water when burned; hence its name means "water-former" in Greek. Most hydrogen production occurs through steam reforming of natural gas ;

6789-536: The owners of JCPenney , had set an offer to buy Kohl's. In June 2022, the Franchise Group considered making a bid for the ownership of Kohl's which might result in the sale of the real estate that Kohl's owns to fund the acquisition by the Franchise Group. Kohl's ultimately withdrew from the deal after Franchise Group lowered their bid for the company after finding out that Kohl's had downgraded its outlook for

6882-420: The para form over the course of several minutes when cooled to low temperature. The thermal properties of the forms differ because they differ in their allowed rotational quantum states , resulting in different thermal properties such as the heat capacity. The ortho-to-para ratio in H 2 is an important consideration in the liquefaction and storage of liquid hydrogen : the conversion from ortho to para

6975-510: The previous year. Kohl's was awarded $ 62.5 million in tax credits from the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation in 2012. The retailer was to create 3,000 jobs with the funds, but only created 473. In the same year, Kohl's requested financing from the village of Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin , to fund the construction of its new headquarters there. Kohl's received $ 2 million, the first of five installments that

7068-477: The quantum mechanical treatment of the hydrogen atom had been developed in the mid-1920s. One of the first quantum effects to be explicitly noticed (but not understood at the time) was a Maxwell observation involving hydrogen, half a century before full quantum mechanical theory arrived. Maxwell observed that the specific heat capacity of H 2 unaccountably departs from that of a diatomic gas below room temperature and begins to increasingly resemble that of

7161-502: The reaction between iron filings and dilute acids , which results in the production of hydrogen gas. Having provided a saline spirit [hydrochloric acid], which by an uncommon way of preparation was made exceeding sharp and piercing, we put into a vial, capable of containing three or four ounces of water, a convenient quantity of filings of steel, which were not such as are commonly sold in shops to Chymists and Apothecaries, (those being usually not free enough from rust) but such as I had

7254-506: The saline exhalations of the menstruum, is not necessary to be here discuss'd. But whencesoever this stinking smoak proceeded, so inflammable it was, that upon the approach of a lighted candle to it, it would readily enough take fire, and burn with a blewish and somewhat greenish flame at the mouth of the viol for a good while together; and that, though with little light, yet with more strength than one would easily suspect. The word "sulfureous" may be somewhat confusing, especially since Boyle did

7347-405: The same effect. Antihydrogen ( H ) is the antimatter counterpart to hydrogen. It consists of an antiproton with a positron . Antihydrogen is the only type of antimatter atom to have been produced as of 2015 . Hydrogen, as atomic H, is the most abundant chemical element in the universe, making up 75% of normal matter by mass and >90% by number of atoms. Most of

7440-949: The second fiscal quarter for the company as a result of "softer consumer spending amid decades-high inflation". Despite declining sales of furniture and home goods (the 6.3% decline in February 2024 was the 12th consecutive quarter of decline) Kohl's is enlarging its home assortment by 40% in March 2024. In 2024, Kohl's struck a deal with Babies R Us to add baby supplies, furniture, Graco, Carter's, Fisher-Price and other brands. Kohl's store brands include diffusion lines from high-end designers such as Dana Buchman , Vera Wang , Narciso Rodriguez , and Peter Som . Celebrities such as Avril Lavigne , Lauren Conrad , Daisy Fuentes , Paula DeAnda , Jennifer Lopez , Britney Spears , Marc Anthony , and Tony Hawk have sold branded clothing exclusively through Kohl's. Kohl's private brands generate nearly half of

7533-533: The store's heating and cooling system caused the fire. Court documents filed by prosecuting attorneys in 1981 stated that an electrical malfunction caused wires that were covered in polyvinyl chloride to overheat, giving off hydrochloric acid . Lawyers representing Younkers and the families of the eleven victims sued more than 20 companies that manufactured or were associated with polyvinyl chloride, including Monsanto Company and Underwriters Laboratories . Most of those lawsuits were settled out of court in 1984, while

7626-524: The time of its opening, including its first anchor (Younkers), as well as a bowling alley that is still in operation today. A second anchor store opened later in 1959, as Sears moved from downtown Des Moines to Merle Hay Plaza. Other early tenants included a Safeway supermarket (whose space later became part of Sears), Kresge , Bishop's Buffet (which closed in 1995), and Walgreens (which was replaced by an Old Navy in 1999). A movie theater and six-story office building were added in 1965. Merle Hay Plaza

7719-483: The wing that contains the former Younkers, Kohl's, and the food court is inside the city limits of neighboring Urbandale . Merle Hay Mall is independently owned by the Merle Hay Mall Limited Partnership , and the family of one of its original developers continues to manage the mall. A Chicago -based company, Urban Retail Properties, handles the mall's leasing duties. The site of Merle Hay Mall

7812-446: Was "the stock's worst day on record," and noted that it was a noticeable exception to the overall declining volatility of the market. The company ranked 157th on the 2018 Fortune 500 , the annual list of the largest United States corporations, having earned revenues of $ 19.095 billion in 2017. In that year, Kohl's entered into a partnership with Amazon , which included a program where select stores would accept Amazon returns; in 2019 it

7905-453: Was enclosed in 1972 and became Merle Hay Mall. Two years later, as Valley West Mall and Southridge Mall were under construction, Merle Hay Mall completed a major westward expansion that doubled the size of the mall. Two additional anchors, Montgomery Ward (which also moved from downtown) and Younkers Store for Homes, were added to the mall as part of that expansion. By 2000, Merle Hay Mall attracted an average of 35,000 shoppers per day. In

7998-449: Was expanded nationwide. In 2018, Kohl's announced a pilot program to lease space to grocer Aldi and, the following year, to fitness center Planet Fitness , alongside up to 10 stores each. On March 16, 2022, it was announced that Hudson's Bay Company and Sycamore Partners were considering bids to buy Kohl's, which its shares jumped 17%. On April 25, 2022, it was announced that Simon Property Group and Brookfield Asset Management ,

8091-518: Was founded by Polish immigrant Maxwell Kohl, who opened a corner grocery store in Milwaukee , Wisconsin , in 1927. It went on to become a successful chain in the local area, and in 1962 the company branched out by opening its first department store. British American Tobacco Company took a controlling interest in the company in 1972 while still managed by the Kohl Family , and in 1979, the corporation

8184-568: Was known as Northland Shopping Center early in its planning stages until Younkers executives suggested that it be named for Merle Hay , the first Iowan killed in World War I and namesake of the road in front of the mall, instead. Merle Hay Plaza was originally planned as a strip mall before it was redesigned as an open-air plaza with two department stores and four buildings around a common area shortly before construction began in early 1958. Merle Hay Plaza opened on August 17, 1959. It had 31 stores at

8277-509: Was one of the original stores but ended business at the mall in October 2018 which left Kohl's and Target as the only anchors. In December 2019, GameDay arcade and restaurant opened in the mall. It is accessible from both outside and inside the mall. 2020 brought challenges for retailers in the mall due, in part, to the response to the COVID-19 pandemic which resulted in many retailers being closed for

8370-452: Was originally home to St. Gabriel's Monastery from 1921 until its demolition in 1958. In 1956, the Passionist monks who resided there sold the monastery site to Chicago-based developers Joseph Abbell and Bernard Greenbaum. Abbell, in a 1994 interview, stated that the developers chose Des Moines for their mall because of the city's "reputation as a model urban area in middle America." The mall

8463-527: Was sold to BATUS Inc. A group of investors purchased the company in 1986 from British American Tobacco and took it public in 1992. Kohl's is headquartered in the Milwaukee suburb of Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin . It became the largest department store chain in the United States in May 2012, surpassing its competitor JCPenney . The company is listed on both the S&;P 400 and the Fortune 500 . In terms of revenue,

8556-558: Was to equal a total payout of $ 12 million, but ultimately backed out of the transaction. In 2015, the company opened the first test store of Off/Aisle, a chain built around selling like-new clothing, home goods, jewelry, and accessories that were purchased and returned at Kohl's stores. The stores sold items at discounted prices, and had a more restrictive return policy than typical Kohl's stores. The Off/Aisle stores were ultimately closed in 2019. In early January 2017, Kohl's shares fell 19% in value, in what The Wall Street Journal said

8649-521: Was used in the Hindenburg airship, which was destroyed in a midair fire over New Jersey on 6 May 1937. The incident was broadcast live on radio and filmed. Ignition of leaking hydrogen is widely assumed to be the cause, but later investigations pointed to the ignition of the aluminized fabric coating by static electricity . But the damage to hydrogen's reputation as a lifting gas was already done and commercial hydrogen airship travel ceased . Hydrogen

#323676