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71-494: The Melodears , also known as Ina Ray Hutton and Her Melodears , was an American all-female band . The band was led by singer Ina Ray Hutton and featured several musicians during its existence. The band formed in 1934, originally as a 15-member band, and was disbanded in 1939 by Hutton, who soon afterwards formed an all-male orchestra. They were the first all-female band to be recorded, initially for Vocalion Records in 1934 and later for RCA Victor . The Melo-dears vocal trio

142-437: A flute , an oboe , a clarinet , and a bassoon . A brass quartet features two trumpets , a trombone , and a tuba (or French horn (more commonly known as "horn") ). A saxophone quartet consists of a soprano saxophone , an alto saxophone , a tenor saxophone , and a baritone saxophone . The string quintet is a common type of group. It is similar to the string quartet, but with an additional viola, cello, or more rarely,

213-479: A Broken Heart " from their self-titled debut album , making Vixen erroneously a one-hit wonder, although their next hit, a cover of Jeff Paris 's "Cryin'", charted even higher in both Britain and the US. The band folded again in the early 1990s following musical differences, but reformed twice more in their history. Maxine Petrucci also joined Vixen, albeit as a touring bass guitarist, after her sister invited her in 1998 until

284-462: A chamber orchestra). Larger orchestras are called symphony orchestras (see below) or philharmonic orchestras. A pops orchestra is an orchestra that mainly performs light classical music (often in abbreviated, simplified arrangements) and orchestral arrangements and medleys of popular jazz, music theater, or pop music songs. A string orchestra has only string instruments, i.e., violins, violas, cellos, and double basses. A symphony orchestra

355-537: A form of male rebellion vis-à-vis female bedroom culture." In popular music, there has been a gendered "distinction between public (male) and private (female) participation" in music. "[S]everal scholars have argued that men exclude women from bands or the bands' rehearsals, recordings, performances, and other social activities." "Women are mainly regarded as passive and private consumers of allegedly slick, prefabricated – hence, inferior – pop music..., excluding them from participating as high-status rock musicians." One of

426-422: A group of instruments accompanying one or more singers. In rock and pop ensembles, usually called rock bands or pop bands, there are usually guitars and keyboards (piano, electric piano, Hammond organ , synthesizer , etc.), one or more singers, and a rhythm section made up of a bass guitar and drum kit . Music ensembles typically have a leader. In jazz bands, rock and pop groups, and similar ensembles, this

497-421: A high prominence in many popular music styles as singers. However, professional women instrumentalists are uncommon in popular music, especially in rock genres such as heavy metal . "[P]laying in a band is largely a male homosocial activity, that is, learning to play in a band is largely a peer-based... experience, shaped by existing sex-segregated friendship networks." As well, rock music "...is often defined as

568-457: A performing band in the late 1960s; by the time they had disbanded in 1975 their first album Philosophy of the World had caught the attention of Frank Zappa and by 1980, NRBQ arranged for it to have a wide release. The Shaggs, particularly in their early years, were noted for their inability to adhere to basic norms of popular music (their drummer, Helen Wiggin, often found herself detached from

639-484: A rock concert that includes a string section , a horn section , and a choir that accompanies a rock band's performance). In Western classical music, smaller ensembles are called chamber music ensembles. The terms duo , trio , quartet , quintet , sextet , septet , octet , nonet , and decet describe groups of two up to ten musicians, respectively. A group of eleven musicians, such as found in The Carnival of

710-468: A self-confident "bad girl" attitude at times, always willing to challenge assumptions about how an all-female band should behave. Courtney Love described the other females in Hole as using a more "lunar viewpoint" in their roles as musicians. In the 1990s, riot grrrl became the genre associated with bands such as Bratmobile and Bikini Kill . Other punk bands, such as Spitboy , have been less comfortable with

781-449: A society with gender equality would not describe types of musical groups based on the gender of their members. Prominent bands who have adopted this viewpoint include American pop rock trio Haim , and Australian alternative rock trio Camp Cope . All-female bands are not restricted to the mainstream genres. The British/Australian string quartet Bond play classical crossover (first and second violin , viola , and cello ) and sing

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852-627: Is Cyntia , who are believed to have been the first of the movement to join a major record label when they signed to Victor Entertainment in 2013. Other bands include Mary's Blood , Fate Gear , and Lovebites , the last of which won the 2018 Metal Hammer Golden Gods Award for Best New Band. Another example of all-female band is the Brazilian death metal band Crypta , formed 2019 in São Paulo. They released their first album titled Echoes of The Soul through Napalm Records in 2021. Crypta performed at

923-514: Is a musical group in popular music that is exclusively composed of female musicians. This is distinct from a girl group , in which the female members are solely vocalists, though this terminology is not universally followed. While all-male bands are common in many rock and pop scenes, all-female bands are less common. In the Jazz Age and during the 1930s, "all-girl" bands such as the Blue Belles,

994-663: Is an ensemble usually comprising at least thirty musicians; the number of players is typically between fifty and ninety-five and may exceed one hundred. A symphony orchestra is divided into families of instruments. In the string family, there are sections of violins (I and II), violas, cellos (often eight), and basses (often from six to eight). The standard woodwind section consists of flutes (one doubling piccolo), oboes (one doubling English horn), soprano clarinets (one doubling bass clarinet), and bassoons (one doubling contrabassoon). The standard brass section consists of horns, trumpets, trombones, and tuba. The percussion section includes

1065-413: Is rare, except for the nonet (nine musicians). In most cases, a larger classical group is referred to as an orchestra of some type or a concert band. A small orchestra with fifteen to thirty members (violins, violas, four cellos, two or three double basses, and several woodwind or brass instruments) is called a chamber orchestra . A sinfonietta usually denotes a somewhat smaller orchestra (though still not

1136-497: Is the band leader . In classical music, orchestras, concert bands, and choirs are led by a conductor . In orchestra, the concertmaster (principal first violin player) is the instrumentalist leader of the orchestra. In orchestras, the individual sections also have leaders, typically called the "principal" of the section (e.g., the leader of the viola section is called the "principal viola"). Conductors are also used in jazz big bands and in some very large rock or pop ensembles (e.g.,

1207-570: The Melodears , from 1934 to 1939. Eunice Westmoreland, under the name Rita Rio, led an all-girl band appearing on NBC Radio and in short subjects for Vitaphone and RKO before changing her career to acting and her professional name to Dona Drake , appearing in numerous 1940s movies. Ivy Benson 's "All Girls Band" was the BBC 's resident dance band in 1943 and toured until the 1980s. All-girl bands active in vaudeville, variety shows, and early sound films during

1278-601: The Vixen and Rev It Up era made a one-time appearance on VH1 's Bands Reunited , as its Canadian host has been a fan of the band. The line-up from 2001 recorded a fourth album, Live & Learn , released between 2006 and 2007. Kuehnemund died in 2013 and Vixen was reformed with three-quarters of the "classic" line-up plus Gina Stile , the lead guitarist from the Tangerine period, to honor her legacy. Both Stile and long-time frontwoman/rhythm guitarist Janet Gardner have left

1349-461: The Wacken Open Air 2022 festival. In the 2010s, some groups that would typically fit the description of an all-female band began expressing their ambivalence towards the term, and similar terms such as "girl band" or "female-fronted band". Female musicians have written about the gendered double standard behind such descriptors, pointing out how seldom the term "all-male band" is used, and that

1420-451: The concert band , which uses brass, woodwinds, and percussion. In jazz ensembles or combos, the instruments typically include wind instruments (one or more saxophones , trumpets , etc.), one or two chordal "comping" instruments ( electric guitar , acoustic guitar , piano, or Hammond organ ), a bass instrument ( bass guitar or double bass ), and a drummer or percussionist. Jazz ensembles may be solely instrumental, or they may consist of

1491-475: The jazz quartet or the orchestra . Other music ensembles consist solely of singers, such as choirs and doo-wop groups. In both popular music and classical music , there are ensembles in which both instrumentalists and singers perform, such as the rock band or the Baroque chamber group for basso continuo ( harpsichord and cello ) and one or more singers. In classical music , trios or quartets either blend

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1562-455: The timpani , bass drum , snare drum , and any other percussion instruments called for in a score (e.g., triangle, glockenspiel , chimes, cymbals, wood blocks, etc.). In Baroque music (1600–1750) and music from the early Classical period music (1750–1820), the percussion parts in orchestral works may only include timpani. A wind orchestra or concert band is a large classical ensemble generally made up of between 40 and 70 musicians from

1633-422: The wind machine or cannons . When orchestras perform music from the 20th century or the 21st century, occasionally instruments such as electric guitar, theremin , or even an electronic synthesizer may be used. A vocal group is a performing ensemble of vocalists who sing and harmonize together. The first well-known vocals groups emerged in the 19th century, and the style had reached widespread popularity by

1704-430: The wind quintet , usually consisting of flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, and horn; the brass quintet , consisting of two trumpets, one horn, a trombone, and a tuba; and the reed quintet, consisting of an oboe, a soprano clarinet, a saxophone, a bass clarinet, and a bassoon. Classical chamber ensembles of six (sextet), seven (septet), or eight musicians (octet) are fairly common; the use of latinate terms for larger groups

1775-561: The 1920s to the 1950s are documented by Kristin McGee in Some Liked it Hot: Jazz Women in Film and Television . Sally Placksin, Linda Dahl, D. Antoinette Handy, and Frank Driggs along with professor Sherrie Tucker , in her book Swing Shift: "All-Girl" Bands of the 1940s , have also documented this era. A Polish group Filipinki was established in 1959. Bands composed solely of women began to emerge with

1846-574: The 1940s. Vocal groups can come in several different forms, including: A group that plays popular music or military music is usually called a band; a drum and bugle corps is a type of the latter. These bands perform a wide range of music, ranging from arrangements of jazz orchestral, or popular music to military-style marches. Drum corps perform on brass and percussion instruments only. Drum and Bugle Corps incorporate costumes, hats, and pageantry in their performances. Other band types include: See List of musical band types for more. Women have

1917-504: The 1980s and 1990s have gone on to more high-profile gigs. The Pandoras ' former members include members of the Muffs ; Leather Leone , the singer from Rude Girl and Malibu Barbi, went on to sing for Chastain ; Warbride's founder and lead guitarist, Lori Linstruth joined Arjen Lucassen ; Abby Travis from the Lovedolls has played with Beck , Elastica , and Bangles ; Meredith Brooks , from

1988-495: The 2010s brought a boom of all-female heavy metal bands forming and gaining mainstream attention. Although considered pioneers as the first to form in 2007, Destrose never achieved commercial success. Aldious have been cited as the initiators of the movement when their first album Deep Exceed (2010) topped the Oricon Indies Albums Chart and reached number 15 on the main chart. Another notable girls metal band

2059-586: The Animals , is called an undecet , and a group of twelve is called a duodecet (see Latin numerical prefixes ). A soloist playing unaccompanied (e.g., a pianist playing a solo piano piece or a cellist playing a Bach suite for unaccompanied cello ) is not an ensemble because it only contains one musician. A string quartet consists of two violins , a viola , and a cello . There is a vast body of music written for string quartets, making it an important genre in classical music . A woodwind quartet usually features

2130-522: The Bangles many females were frustrated at not being taken seriously or only thought of as "cute chicks playing music" and either joined rock bands or formed all-female metal bands. One such band that was playing harder music in San Francisco was Rude Girl. Originally signed to CBS Records , the band splintered before an album would be released and the remaining members released a 12-inch single in 1987 under

2201-820: The Banshees and X-Ray Spex . The expansion of punk into Europe gave rise to Switzerland's die Kleenex /LiLiPUT. In Australia in 1977 all-girl band Sweet Jayne began doing regular gigs with the original lineup: Cris Bonacci , Chris Scheri, Robyn Clark and Sally Zylstra. Labelled "Sweet and Heavy Rock", Sweet Jayne played mostly original material. Winning the Australasian Yamaha Battle of the Bands in 1978, Sweet Jayne went on through various cassette, vinyl and film clip releases and line up changes and played 700 gigs over 6 years. Sweet Jayne split up in 1983 when Chris Scheri (flute and vocals) and Cris Bonacci (guitar) were invited to

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2272-666: The Beat " at No. 2 sent a strong message out to many industry heads that females who could play could bring in money. While Joan Jett played "no-frills, glam-rock anthems, sung with her tough-as-nails snarl and sneer", the Go-Go's were seen as playful girls, an image that even Rolling Stone magazine poked fun at when they put the band on their cover in their underwear along with the caption "Go-Go's Put out!". However musician magazines were starting to show respect to female musicians, putting Bonnie Raitt and Tina Weymouth on their covers. While

2343-526: The Deadly Nightshade recorded and released a third album Never Never Gonna Stop in 2012 and they continually toured until Brandt's death in 2015, dissolving the band. The 1980s, for the first time, saw long-sought chart success from all-female bands and female-fronted rock bands. On the Billboard Hot 100 year-end chart for 1982 Joan Jett 's " I Love Rock 'n' Roll " at No. 3 and the Go-Go's' " We Got

2414-429: The Go-Go's and the Bangles , both from the L.A. club scene, were the first all-female rock bands to find sustained success, individual musicians paved the way for the industry to seek out bands that had female musicians and allow them to be part of the recording process. While the 1980s helped pave the way for female musicians to get taken more seriously it was still considered a novelty of sorts for several years, and it

2485-482: The Graces , went on to solo success and Janet Robin , from Precious Metal, was the touring guitarist for Brooks as well as Lindsey Buckingham and Air Supply . Sweet Jayne's Cris Bonacci became Girlschool's lead guitarist in 1985 and stayed with the band for fewer than 10 years. Girlschool , despite numerous line-up changes, have never broke up despite a brief hiatus and celebrated their 40th anniversary in 2018. In Japan,

2556-709: The Liverbirds (1962–1967), the Ace of Cups (1967), the Heart Beats (1968), and Ariel (1968–1970) which included the three members of the Deadly Nightshade . From 1964-1968 the Pandoras was an all-girl band (one of the first) playing a few original tunes and a bunch of popular covers at concerts and dances throughout New England. They started out as a trio, with Simmons College students Kathy Kinsella and Pinky Keehner on rhythm guitar and lead guitar, and Sally Levy on drums. Much later, under

2627-653: The Melo-Dears was founded by Arleen Reuse in Chicago in the late 1930s. It lasted into the latter half of the 1940s, traveling around the country, especially the Midwest, and appearing on the first commercial television station in Chicago. Though it had at least one change in membership, Arleen Reuse kept things together, arranged gigs, etc. To the best of this archivist's knowledge, there was no connection between Arleen Reuse's trio and Hutton's band, nor does he think that either group stole

2698-459: The Midwest, but in St. Paul , Minnesota , by Jan Kuehnemund during the mid-1970s. Kuehnemund folded the band a few months later, when her bandmates either dropped out or joined other bands, and she reformed it after moving to L.A. at the start of the 1980s. Vixen was sometimes described as "the female Bon Jovi ", eventually becoming commercially successful due largely to the band's signature hit " Edge of

2769-696: The Parisian Redheads (later the Bricktops), Lil-Hardin 's All-Girl Band, the Ingenues , the Harlem Playgirls led by the likes of Neliska Ann Briscoe and Eddie Crump, the International Sweethearts of Rhythm , Phil Spitalny 's Musical Sweethearts, "Helen Lewis and Her All-Girl Jazz Syncopators" as well as "Helen Lewis and her Rhythm Queens were popular. Dozens of early sound films were made of

2840-480: The Petruccis and their fellow band members were forced to disperse when Kuehnemund, feeling left out and her lead in representing Vixen being usurped, successfully sued to keep the rights to her band's name. She reunited Vixen in 2001, with a new bassist in tow, until disagreements with the band's management caused Kuehnemund's bandmates to leave, driving her to search for and hire new members. In 2004, Vixen's line-up from

2911-512: The Right was released along with the single "High in High School". The Petrucci sisters were a focal point of the band – Maxine, the lead guitarist, and Roxy , the drummer. However, based on management decisions, it was decided that it would be better if only one of the sisters was in the band and Roxy was placed in another band, the all-female, Los Angeles –based Vixen . Vixen was founded also in

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2982-569: The St. Louis Summer Musicals programs (late 1940s) and with the Springfield Municipal Opera in Ohio (1956–1967) where she sang a number of lead and supporting roles. The Melo-dears made at least one appearance on the first television station in Chicago and traveled the midwest. See Bullet Point #3 for more information. Hutton was the bandleader and singer. When the band was first formed in 1934, she

3053-538: The UK to work for Mike Oldfield . The all-female heavy metal band Girlschool , from South London, formed in 1978. While somewhat successful in the UK, they became better known in the early 1980s. One of the original members of the band, Kathy Valentine , departed to join the all-female band the Go-Go's , switching from guitar to bass. Among Girlschool's early recordings was an EP titled St. Valentine's Day Massacre which they recorded with Bronze label-mates Motörhead under

3124-647: The United Kingdom, the advent of punk in the late 1970s with its "anyone can do it" ethos lead to the formation of such bands as the Slits , the Raincoats , Mo-dettes , Dolly Mixture , and the Innocents among others, and the formation of other groups where the female members influenced the music and lyrical content ( Au Pairs , Delta 5 ) or were the featured artist within the ensemble, notably The Pretenders , Siouxsie and

3195-400: The addition of a double bass. Terms such as " piano quintet " or "clarinet quintet" frequently refer to a string quartet plus a fifth instrument. Mozart 's Clarinet Quintet is similarly a piece written for an ensemble consisting of two violins, a viola, a cello, and a clarinet, the last being the exceptional addition to a "normal" string quartet. Some other quintets in classical music are

3266-667: The advent of rock and roll . Among the earliest all-female rock bands to be signed to a record label were Goldie and the Gingerbreads , to Atlantic Records in 1964, the Pleasure Seekers with Suzi Quatro to Hideout Records in 1964 and Mercury Records in 1968, the Feminine Complex to Athena Records in 1968, and Fanny (who pioneered the all-female band sound in the early to mid-1970s) in 1969 when Mo Ostin signed them to Warner Bros. Records . There were also others, such as

3337-734: The band as a saxophonist in the 1930s. In 1936, Ruth Lowe became the band's new pianist after the previous pianist took ill. Virginia Mayers became the drummer after Lil Singer. In 1934 Hutton was approached by Irving Mills and vaudeville agent Alex Hyde to lead an all-female orchestra, the Melodears. The group disbanded in 1939. Hutton and her Melodears were one of the first all-female bands to be filmed. They filmed several shorts for Paramount Pictures including Feminine Rhythm (1935), Accent on Girls (1936) and Swing Hutton Swing (1937). They also filmed one feature-length movie, The Big Broadcast of 1936 (1935). An independent vocal trio known as

3408-480: The band by the end of the 2010s. With the resurgence of interest in pop-punk bands in the US in the early 1990s, along with the sunset strip "hair metal" scene becoming extremely crowded, bands who combined a "non-image" with loud raw music started were gigging at clubs like Rajis in Hollywood. Bands such as Hole , Super Heroines , the Lovedolls, and L7 became popular, while demonstrating on stage, and in interviews,

3479-402: The childhood-centered issues of much of the riot grrrl aesthetic, but nonetheless also have dealt explicitly with feminist and related issues. All-female Queercore bands, such as Fifth Column , Tribe 8 , and Team Dresch , also write songs dealing with matters specific to women and their position in society. A film put together by a San Diego psychiatrist, Dr. Lisa Rose Apramian , along with

3550-501: The first self-produced all-female band in the R&;B/pop style of music to play all instruments; several of their singles - including " Meeting in the Ladies Room " and " I Miss You " charted in both R&B and pop countdowns. Leading into the 1990s, the surge of heavy metal in the 1980s helped to shed another light on the role of females in music. Because of the success of the Go-Go's and

3621-468: The first woman to establish a Christian band, specifically an all-female group. Even though Rachel Rachel's success was short lived when they folded due to "creative differences" and too great a geographic distance, future rock bands or non-rock musical groups in the Christian genre that have only women as members followed their lead in the next decades to come. Many female musicians from all-female bands in

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3692-558: The former drummer from the Motels and the Droogs , Kyle C. Kyle, the documentary Not Bad for a Girl explored some of these issues with interviews from many of the female musicians on the riot grrrl scene at the time. In contemporary Christian music history, there was the first all-female Christian rock band Rachel Rachel , which existed only during the early 1990s and who performed in an album-oriented rock style. Jennifer York became

3763-490: The gender composition of heavy metal bands , it has been said that "[h]eavy metal performers are almost exclusively male" "...[a]t least until the mid-1980s" apart from "...exceptions such as Girlschool ". However, "...now [in the 2010s] maybe more than ever–strong metal women have put up their dukes and got down to it," "carv[ing] out a considerable place for [them]selves". When Suzi Quatro emerged in 1973, "no other prominent female musician worked in rock simultaneously as

3834-718: The management guidance of Peter Bonfils, the band had some success, including a recording contract and a couple of singles with Liberty Records ("About My Baby", b/w "New Day," and "Games" b/w "Don't Bother"), and gigs that showed all around the U.S. as well as in Newfoundland and Puerto Rico , opening for acts including the Kingsmen , Dionne Warwick , the Byrds , and Gary Lewis & the Playboys . The Shaggs were an all-female family band who earned some regional notoriety during their time as

3905-515: The music her sisters Dot and Betty were singing and playing on guitar), which somewhat ironically (and to their bewilderment) made them icons of outsider music . Roger Ebert , in his audio commentary for Beyond the Valley of the Dolls ( 1970 ) gives the film credit for inspiring all-female rock bands, with the fictional band Carrie Nations created for the film, stating that such bands were quite rare at

3976-553: The name Headgirl . In 1974, the Deadly Nightshade, a rock/country band (Anne Bowen, rhythm guitar/percussion; Pamela Robin Brandt, electric bass; Helen Hooke, lead guitar/violin) was signed by RCA 's custom label Phantom. The contract made RCA/Phantom the first mainstream record label to grant a band the right to reject any advertising offensive to feminist sensibilities. The band released two albums, The Deadly Nightshade in 1975 and F&W (Funky & Western) in 1976. Reunited in 2009,

4047-469: The name Malibu Barbi. When Cara Crash and Wanda Day left 4 Non Blondes and joined Malibu Barbi their sound shifted from heavy metal to a sound described as combining a "driving beat with Johnny Rottenesque vocal and post-punk riffs". Around the same time in the Midwest, Madam X was signed to an offshoot of Columbia Records , Jet Records . In 1984, the Rick Derringer -produced album We Reserve

4118-584: The name from the other. The similar names were, in all likelihood, coincidence. During World War Two, the Melo-Dears were guests on the US Treasury Savings Bond TV Show, a live broadcast from WBKB, the first TV station in Chicago Illinois. This 1944 broadcast includes 13 minutes from one broadcast, including three Melo-Dears songs and interviews with Arleen Reuse, Betty Jayne Froehlich (sp?) and Edna Beldsoe (Edalyn Bleds?oe). At other times,

4189-848: The name to "The Charm Quartette". This material was submitted by Arleen Gladys Reuse (Knoderer)'s oldest children, John and David. The audio from the TV broadcast came from Arleen's personal files, discovered after her death. In the early 1970s, retired songwriter and vocalist Phyllis Kae Herron, known as "Kae," joined a kazoo band called the Rhythmettes in the Ventura Marina Mobile Home Park. A few years later, seeking to employ more of her musical talents, Kae started her own group, The Melodears, writing three-part harmonies and ukulele arrangements, performing at senior centers, military clubs and local events. All-female band An all-female band

4260-526: The occasional vocals that accompany some of their tracks. Many bands across many genres are all-female, such as the psychedelic folk group Spires That in the Sunset Rise . Musical ensemble A musical ensemble , also known as a music group , musical group , or a band is a group of people who perform instrumental and/or vocal music , with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name. Some music ensembles consist solely of instrumentalists, such as

4331-401: The reasons that there are rarely mixed gender bands is that "bands operate as tight-knit units in which homosocial solidarity – social bonds between people of the same sex... – plays a crucial role." In the 1960s pop music scene, "[s]inging was sometimes an acceptable pastime for a girl, but playing an instrument...simply wasn't done." "The rebellion of rock music was largely a male rebellion;

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4402-443: The second and third positions were rounded out by Amy (nee ???) Wade and Corinne Rohdenberg. Mary Ann Toelstede was one of the pianists who sometimes traveled with the group. Two images of the Melo-Dears trio can be found here and here. Arleen Reuse is on the left in both pictures. Their travel assistant is in the second picture. Newspaper articles include The Sheboygan (Wis.) Press and The Chicago Tribune. One reporter changed

4473-434: The sounds of musical instrument families (such as piano , strings , and wind instruments ) or group instruments from the same instrument family, such as string ensembles (e.g., string quartet ) or wind ensembles (e.g., wind quintet ). Some ensembles blend the sounds of a variety of instrument families, such as the orchestra , which uses a string section , brass instruments , woodwinds , and percussion instruments , or

4544-662: The time, but started to spring up in the film's wake. On November 6, 1971, Fanny became the first all-female band to reach the Hot 100's top 40, with "Charity Ball" peaking at No. 40. In 1975, the Canadian duo of sisters, Kate & Anna McGarrigle , recorded the first of a string of albums, sometimes joined by their sister Jane . The Runaways were an early commercially successful, hard-edged, all-female hard rock band, releasing their first album in 1976; band members Joan Jett , Cherie Currie , and Lita Ford all went on to solo careers. In

4615-457: The timpani, bass drum, snare drum, and any other percussion instruments called for in a score (e.g., triangle, glockenspiel, chimes, cymbals, wood blocks, etc.). When orchestras perform baroque music (from the 17th century and early 18th century), they may also use a harpsichord or pipe organ , to play the continuo part. When orchestras perform Romantic-era music (from the 19th century), they may also use harps or unusual instruments such as

4686-551: The vaudeville style all-girl groups, especially short subject promotional films for Paramount and Vitaphone . (In 1925, Lee de Forest filmed Lewis and her band in his short-lived Phonofilm process, in a film now in the Maurice Zouary collection at the Library of Congress . ) Blanche Calloway , sister of Cab Calloway , led a male band, Blanche Calloway and Her Joy Boys, from 1932 to 1939, and Ina Ray Hutton led an all-girl band,

4757-602: The women—often, in the 1950s and '60s, girls in their teens—in rock usually sang songs as personæ utterly dependent on their macho boyfriends..." Philip Auslander says that "Although there were many women in rock by the late 1960s, most performed only as singers, a traditionally feminine position in popular music." Though some women played instruments in American all-female garage rock bands , none of these bands achieved more than regional success. So they "did not provide viable templates for women's on-going participation in rock". About

4828-786: The woodwind, brass, and percussion families, along with the double bass. The concert band has a larger number and variety of wind instruments than the symphony orchestra but does not have a string section (although a single double bass is common in concert bands). The woodwind section of a concert band consists of piccolo, flutes, oboes (one doubling English horn), bassoons (one doubling contrabassoon), soprano clarinets (one doubling E ♭ clarinet, one doubling alto clarinet), bass clarinets (one doubling contrabass clarinet or contra-alto clarinet), alto saxophones (one doubling soprano saxophone), tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. The brass section consists of horns, trumpets or cornets, trombones, euphoniums, and tubas. The percussion section consists of

4899-838: Was 18 years old. She was often billed as the "Blonde Bombshell of Rhythm". The band recruited several top female musicians from the United States and Canada. The original 1934 band consisted of trumpeters Kay Walsh, Estelle Slavin, and Elvirah Roh, trombonists Ruth McMurray and Althea Heuman, Ruth Bradley, saxophonists and clarinetists Betty Stitcht, Helen Ruth, and Audrey Hall, pianists Jerrine Hyde and Miriam Greenfield, guitarists Helen Baker, bassist Marie Lebz, and drummer Lil Singer. Later notable band members included trumpet player Frances Klein , pianist Ruth Lowe Sandler , who played from 1934 to 1938, saxophonist Jane Cullum, guitarist Marian Gange, trumpeter Mardell "Owen" Winstead, and trombonist Alyse Wells. Mirian Stiglitz Saperstein also toured with

4970-641: Was a female trio in the American Midwest. The trio was founded and managed by singer Arleen Gladys Reuse of Chicago, with several and various vocalists rounding out the trio, with support personnel from her friends at St. Mark's Lutheran Church, also in Chicago. This vocal trio formed in the late 1930s when Arleen (1921–2013) was still a teenager, and disbanded in 1949 when Arleen married Rev. William H. Knoderer, Jr. and became choir director at several Lutheran Churches in Indiana, Ohio and Illinois. Arleen also sang with

5041-452: Was very much a male-dominated world. In 1984, when film maker Dave Markey , along with Jeff and Steve McDonald from Redd Kross , put together the mockumentary Desperate Teenage Lovedolls , a comically punky version of Beyond the Valley of the Dolls , it also spawned a real band. While the Lovedolls could barely play at first, because of the film, and because they were an "all-female band", they received press and gigs. Klymaxx became

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