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116-452: My Gym Partner's a Monkey had one pilot created for Cartoon Network by Julie and Timothy Cahill , one made in late 2003 shared the same name of the TV series. Seasons 3 and 4 are the longest seasons in terms of half hour episodes, with a total of 15 of them. They also both also consist a TV movie. This season is the longest season in terms of episode segments, with a total of 26. It also contains

232-411: A genius". CTW's first children's show, Sesame Street , premiered on 10 November 1969. The CTW was not incorporated until 1970 because its creators wanted to see if the series was a success before they hired lawyers and accountants. Morrisett served as the first chairperson of CTW's board of trustees, a job he had for 28 years. During the second season of Sesame Street , to capitalize on the momentum

348-468: A half-hour special like the previous two seasons. Jake's obsession for looking at his own butt goes too far. This season is the shortest season in terms of episode segments, with a total of 24 of them. It also contains three half-hour specials, which also makes it the only season with more than one half-hour special. The night before Thanksgiving , Adam is visited by three ghosts (parodying A Christmas Carol ) to help him understand why his friends hate

464-648: A large audience". In 1977, the Workshop broadcast an adult drama called Best of Families , which was set in New York City around the turn of the 20th century. However, it lasted for only six or seven episodes and helped the Workshop decide to emphasize children's programs only. Throughout the 1970s, the CTW's main non-television efforts changed from promotion to the development of educational materials for preschool settings. Early efforts included mobile viewing units that broadcast

580-603: A large collection of animated programming, including the libraries of Warner Bros. ( Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies ), Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( Tom and Jerry ), Hanna-Barbera ( The Flintstones , Scooby-Doo , Snorks ), and DC Comics ( Superman , Batman , Wonder Woman , Justice League and Teen Titans ). Turner's ownership of Hanna-Barbera gave the network access to an established animation studio, something its rivals didn't have. Most of these series were removed by 1999 and moved to Boomerang in 2000. Much of Cartoon Network's original programming originates from

696-903: A massive multiplayer game released on January 14, 2009, and shut down on August 29, 2013. Cartoon Network has produced various films, most of them being television films; the only films from Cartoon Network that had a theatrical release are The Powerpuff Girls Movie (Cartoon Network Studios), Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters (Williams Street), Regular Show: The Movie (Cartoon Network Studios) and Teen Titans Go! To The Movies (Warner Bros. Animation and DC Entertainment ). Cartoon Network registered its official website, CartoonNetwork.com, on January 9, 1996. It officially launched on July 27, 1998. Sam Register served as Cartoon Network Online's senior vice president and creative director from 1997 to 2001, and Rob Sorcher served as executive vice president and head of Cartoon Network Online. In its early years, small studios partnered with

812-630: A mature audience, in contrast to the all-ages, preteen daytime programming of Cartoon Network. As a result, Adult Swim is treated by Nielsen as a separate channel in its ratings reports (similar to Nickelodeon 's Nick at Nite block) and marketed as such because of its differing target demographics. The block broadcasts both animated and live-action shows (including original programming, reruns of animated sitcoms , and other action and anime series) generally with minimal or no editing for content. As of September 2023, Adult Swim broadcasts daily from 5:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. ET/PT. Initially airing in

928-522: A mobile app that provides the latest full episodes, a live stream from the East and West coast, games, and the network's schedule. Cartoon Network Books is the book licensor established in 2015. It licenses books based on various Cartoon Network franchises. In 2011, Cartoon Network characters were featured in a four-player mascot brawler fighting game similar to Nintendo 's Super Smash Bros. video game series called Cartoon Network: Punch Time Explosion for

1044-471: A network to house these programs. On February 18, 1992, Turner Broadcasting announced its plans to launch Cartoon Network as an outlet for an animation library. On March 12, 1992, its namesake parent company was founded one month after Turner's plan was announced. On October 1, 1992, the network officially launched as the first 24-hour single-genre cable channel with animation as its main theme. In 1994, Hanna-Barbera's new division Cartoon Network Studios

1160-479: A new channel allowed the CTW to more easily "ensure that our programming gets out there." While the Workshop would eventually produce various new shows for Noggin, the channel's early lineup consisted mostly of older shows from the CTW's library. In 2000, profits earned from the Noggin deal, along with the revenue caused partly by the "Tickle Me Elmo" craze, enabled the CTW to purchase The Jim Henson Company 's rights to

1276-433: A policy criticized by consumer advocate Ralph Nader . The Workshop defended the acceptance of corporate sponsorship, stating that it compensated for a decrease of government subsidies. Also in 1998, the CTW invested $ 25 million in an educational cable channel called Noggin . Noggin was a joint venture between the CTW and Viacom 's MTV Networks , and it launched on February 2, 1999. Gary Knell explained that creating

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1392-450: A relaunch of Adult Swim's Saturday night anime block. Toonami's current incarnation is similar to that of "Midnight Run", a special version of the block that originally ran on Saturday nights and was the forerunner for Adult Swim. The block is best known for its branding and aesthetic, including its animated host, a robot named TOM, that was later voiced by Steve Blum . The Toonami brand was also used internationally for dedicated networks in

1508-567: A series run in the United States on November 10, 1969, and moved to NET's successor, the Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ), in late 1970. The Workshop was formally incorporated in 1970. Gerald S. Lesser and Edward L. Palmer were hired to perform research for the series; they were responsible for developing a system of planning, production, and evaluation, and the interaction between television producers and educators, later termed

1624-541: Is a preschool programming brand owned by Warner Bros, first launched in 2006 for use in international markets. In February 2021, it was announced that Cartoonito would make its U.S. debut as a block on Cartoon Network and as a content brand on HBO Max ; the Cartoon Network block launched on September 13, 2021. Adult Swim (often stylized as [adult swim] or [as]) is the adult-oriented programming brand of Cartoon Network. The programs featured on Adult Swim are geared toward

1740-472: Is considered too controversial for educational TV". This was a reference to the May 1970 decision by the state's PBS station to not air the series. By summer 1970, Dann had made the first international agreements for what the CTW came to term "co-productions". The earliest international versions were what CTW vice-president Charlotte Cole and her colleagues termed "fairly simple", consisting of dubbed versions of

1856-459: Is headquartered at 1050 Techwood Drive NW in Atlanta, Georgia . Founded by Betty Cohen (who was also appointed by Ted Turner as the first president of the network), the channel was launched on October 1, 1992, and primarily broadcasts animated television series , mostly children's programming, ranging from action to animated comedy. It currently runs from 6 a.m. to 5 p.m. ET / PT daily, though

1972-480: Is produced under the pseudonyms Alive and Kicking, Inc.; Rent Now Productions; and Factual Productions. Williams Street Productions (formerly Ghost Planet Industries) serves as the headquarters and production arm for Adult Swim , located at 1065 Williams Street NW in Atlanta , Georgia . It produces original animated and live-action programs, and is also responsible for programming Toonami as well as former Cartoon Network blocks such as Cartoon Planet , Miguzi , and

2088-536: Is showcased Monday through Thursday, consisting of Cartoon Network original series from the 1990s and 2000s (including Cartoon Cartoons such as Dexter's Laboratory , Ed, Edd n Eddy , Courage the Cowardly Dog and The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy ), while Fridays showcase classic Toonami programming as part of "Toonami Rewind". Additionally, movies are aired every Sunday under the ACME Night banner, which

2204-493: Is the production arm of the network's Latin American station , founded in 2004. Cartoon Network Games (formerly Cartoon Network Interactive) is the video game developer and publisher of video games based on Cartoon Network shows since 2000. Cartoon Network Enterprises is the network's global licensing and merchandising arm established in 2001. It distributes merchandises of various Cartoon Network brands. Cartoon Network has

2320-605: The Muppet characters : he was reluctant to market them at first, but agreed when the CTW promised that the profits from toys, books, and other products were to be used exclusively to fund the CTW. The producers demanded complete control of all products and product decisions throughout its history; any product line associated with the series had to be educational, inexpensive, and not advertised during broadcastings of Sesame Street . As Davis reported, "Cooney stressed restraint, prudence, and caution" in their marketing and licensing efforts. In

2436-549: The Nintendo 3DS . The game was later released for the Xbox 360 , PlayStation 3 and the Wii as Cartoon Network Punch Time Explosion XL . Several video games based on the cartoon series Ben 10 were released by Cartoon Network as well. The Cartoon Network website also features various browser games incorporating characters from various Cartoon Network franchises. One such game was FusionFall ,

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2552-877: The Saturday Video Entertainment System . Prior to Adult Swim, the company produced Space Ghost Coast to Coast . Hanna-Barbera Studios Europe (formerly Cartoon Network Development Studio Europe until 2012 and Cartoon Network Studios Europe until 2021) is the network's European production arm located in London , England. Cartoon Network Productions is the network's global television production and distribution arm, established on December 5, 1993. It distributes shows, pilots, and movies through various international Cartoon Network channels. Cartoon Network Latin America Original Productions (abbreviated as CN LA), formerly known as Cartoon Network Producciones,

2668-891: The Sesame Street Muppets from the German media company EM.TV , which had acquired Henson earlier that year. The transaction, valued at $ 180 million, also included a small interest Henson had in the Noggin cable channel. Gary Knell stated, "Everyone, most especially the puppeteers, were thrilled that we were able to bring them home. It protected Sesame Street and allowed our international expansion to continue. Owning these characters has allowed us to maximize their potential. We are now in control of our own destiny". The CTW changed its name to Sesame Workshop in June 2000, to better represent its non-television activities and interactive media. Also in 2000, Gary Knell succeeded Britt as president and CEO of

2784-586: The Sesame Street segment " Elmo's World ". The CTW has chosen to take advantage of the contingent feedback inherent in interactive computer games by developing and creating educational software based upon the television series' content and curriculum. In 2008, the Sesame Workshop began to offer clips and full-length episodes on the websites Hulu , YouTube , and iTunes , where "Word on the Street" segments became

2900-565: The United Kingdom (replacing CNX ), Asia (in December 2012), India (in February 2015), and France (in February 2016). Boomerang is a brand dedicated to classic and theatrical cartoons aimed towards children and families. It was originally a weekend programming block that aired on Cartoon Network from December 8, 1992, until October 3, 2004. On April 1, 2000, Boomerang received a new look and

3016-522: The Urban League , whom Michael Davis called "remarkable, unsinkable, and indispensable", as the Workshop's first Vice President of Community Relations and manager of the Workshop's Community Educational Services (CES) division. Bob Hatch was hired to publicize their new series, both before its premiere and to take advantage of the media attention concerning Sesame Street during its first year of production. According to Davis, despite her involvement with

3132-489: The Warner Bros. animated shorts originally created between the 1920s and the 1960s, but the network edited out scenes depicting discharge of gunfire, alcohol ingestion, cowboys and Indians gags, tobacco, and politically incorrect humor. The unedited versions were kept from both broadcasting and wide release on the video market. Coal Black and de Sebben Dwarfs (1943), a politically incorrect but critically well-regarded short,

3248-411: The "CTW model". The CTW applied this system to its other television series, including The Electric Company and 3-2-1 Contact . The early 1980s were a challenging period for the Workshop; difficulty finding audiences for their other productions and a series of bad investments harmed the organization until licensing agreements stabilized its revenues by 1985. Following the success of Sesame Street ,

3364-520: The CTW developed other activities, including unsuccessful ventures into adult programs, the publications of books and music, and international co-productions. In 1999 the CTW partnered with MTV Networks to create an educational channel called Noggin . The Workshop produced a variety of original series for Noggin, including The Upside Down Show , Sponk! and Out There . In June 2000, the CTW changed its name to Sesame Workshop to better represent its activities beyond television. By 2005, income from

3480-498: The CTW since 1975 and had served as its president and chief operating officer since 1988. At that time, Cooney became chairman of the Workshop's executive board, which managed its businesses and licensing, and became more involved with the organization's creative efforts. The Workshop had a reorganization in 1995, and dismissed about 12 percent of its staff. In 1998, for the first time in the series' history, they accepted funds from corporations for Sesame Street and its other programs,

3596-514: The CTW's advisory board was unusual because instead of rubber-stamping the Workshop's decisions like most boards for other children's television shows, it contributed significantly to the series' design and implementation. Lesser reported in Children and Television: Lessons from Sesame Street , his 1974 book about the beginnings of Sesame Street and the Children's Television Workshop, that about 8–10% of

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3712-409: The CTW's international co-productions of the series was $ 96 million. By 2008, the Sesame Street Muppets accounted for between $ 15 million and $ 17 million per year in licensing and merchandising fees, divided between the Workshop and Henson Associates . The Workshop began pursuing funding from corporate sponsors in 1998; consumer advocate Ralph Nader urged parents to protest the move by boycotting

3828-532: The CTW. He quit to become more involved with writing and composing music for the series, and was replaced eventually by Bill Whaley. Ann Kearns, vice president of licensing for the CTW in 2000, stated that Whaley was responsible for expanding the licensing to other products, and for creating a licensing model used by other children's series. As of 2019, the Workshop had published over 6,500 book titles. and as researcher Renee Cherow-O'Leary stated in 2001, "the print materials produced by CTW have been an enduring part of

3944-528: The Cartoon Network website in regions where Max is currently unavailable". Cartoon Network shows with established fan followings, such as Dexter's Laboratory , allowed the network to pursue licensing agreements with companies interested in selling series-related merchandise. For example, agreements with Kraft Foods led to widespread in-store advertising for Cartoon Network-related products. The network also worked on cross-promotion campaigns with both Kraft and Tower Records . In product development and marketing,

4060-419: The Sesame Workshop founded The Joan Ganz Cooney Center , an independent, non-profit organization that studies how to improve children's literacy by using and developing digital technologies "grounded in detailed educational curriculum", just as was done during the development of Sesame Street . The 2008–2009 recession, which resulted in budget reductions for many nonprofit arts organizations, severely affected

4176-509: The Warner Bros. cartoons. The network could then continue more original productions. Cartoon Network's current original programming includes such shows as The Amazing World of Gumball , Craig of the Creek , and We Baby Bears . The network's original programming is produced at Cartoon Network Studios, while other shows have either been co-produced with or acquired from other studios, including

4292-463: The Workshop expanded its programs by creating a series of PBS specials and DVDs largely concerning how military deployment affects the families of soldiers. Other efforts by the Workshop concerned families of prisoners, health and wellness, and safety. According to Cooney and O'Dell, the 1980s were a problematic period for the Workshop. A series of poor investments in video games, motion picture production, theme parks, and other business ventures hurt

4408-403: The Workshop explored sources such as licensing arrangements, publishing, and international sales, and became, as Cooney envisioned, a "multiple media institution". Licensing became the foundation of, as writer Louise Gikow stated, the Sesame Workshop endowment, which had the potential to fund the organization and future productions and projects. Muppet creator Jim Henson owned the trademarks to

4524-409: The Workshop was enjoying and the attention it received from the press, the Workshop created its second series, The Electric Company , in 1971. Morrisett used the same fund-acquisition techniques as he had used for Sesame Street . The Electric Company stopped production in 1977, but continued in reruns until 1985; it eventually became one of the most widely used TV shows in American classrooms and

4640-452: The Workshop's initial budget was spent on research. CTW's summative research was done by the Workshop's first research director, Edward L. Palmer , whom they met at the curriculum seminars Lesser conducted in Boston in the summer of 1967. In the summer of 1968, Palmer began to create educational goals, define the Workshop's research activities, and hire his research team. Lesser and Palmer were

4756-562: The Workshop's research department. In 1972, the Markle Foundation donated $ 72,000 to Harvard to form the Center for Research in Children's Television, which served as a research agency for the CTW. Harvard produced about 20 major research studies about Sesame Street and its effect on young children. Lesser also served as the first chairman of the Workshop's advisory board, a position he held until his retirement in 1997. According to Lesser,

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4872-677: The Workshop; according to Davis, he "presided over an especially fertile period in the nonprofit's history". Under Knell's management, Sesame Workshop produced a variety of original shows for Noggin. The first was an interactive game show called Sponk! , which was meant to model good collaboration and teamwork skills. Sesame Workshop also co-produced a Sesame Street spin-off, Play with Me Sesame , for Noggin. In April 2002, Noggin premiered an overnight block for teenagers called The N . Sesame Workshop created its first-ever teen drama series, Out There , for The N. In August 2002, Sesame Workshop sold its 50% share of Noggin to Viacom. The buyout

4988-419: The affiliated Warner Bros. Animation . In the past, Cartoon Network has also produced and aired live-action and animated hybrid programming. Over the years, Cartoon Network has aired various Looney Tunes , Merrie Melodies , Tom and Jerry , and Droopy shorts in constant rotation, dating back to the network's launch in 1992 until 2017. In its early days, Cartoon Network benefited from having access to

5104-503: The channel's flagship block, featuring premieres of Cartoon Network original series that fell under the Cartoon Cartoons branding; from 2003 to 2007, the block was renamed "Fridays" after Cartoon Network began to phase out the Cartoon Cartoons branding. The Toonami block, which originally ran from 1997 to 2008, primarily carried action-oriented series aimed towards an older youth and teen audience, including imported anime series; it

5220-522: The chief executive of National Public Radio (NPR). H. Melvin Ming , who had been the organization's chief financial officer since 1999 and chief operating officer since 2002, was named as his replacement. In 2014, H. Melvin Ming retired and was succeeded by former HIT Entertainment and Nickelodeon executive Jeffery D. Dunn. Dunn's appointment was the first time someone not affiliated with CTW or Sesame Workshop became its manager, although he had associations with

5336-483: The collaboration as an "arranged marriage". The CTW devoted 8% of its initial budget to outreach and publicity. In what television historian Robert W. Morrow called "an extensive campaign" that Lesser stated "would demand at least as much ingenuity as production and research", the Workshop promoted the show with educators, the broadcast industry, and the show's target audience, which consisted of inner-city children and their families. They hired Evelyn Payne Davis from

5452-413: The costs of producing content for its YouTube channels and other outlets. The organization employed about 400 people, including "several highly skilled puppeteers". Royalties and distribution fees, which accounted for $ 52.9 million in 2018, made up the Workshop's biggest revenue source. Donations brought in $ 47.8 million, or 31 percent of its income. Licensing revenue from games, toys, and clothing earned

5568-402: The creation of a company that managed its production, which eventually became known as the Children's Television Workshop (CTW). For the next two years, Cooney and Morrisett researched and developed the new show, acquiring $ 8 million funding for Sesame Street , and establishing the CTW. Due to her professional experience, Cooney always assumed the show's natural network would be PBS. Morrisett

5684-458: The early 1970s, the CTW negotiated with Random House to establish and manage a non-broadcast materials division. Random House and the CTW named Christopher Cerf to assist the CTW in publishing books and other materials that emphasized the series' curriculum. By 2019, the Sesame Workshop had over 500 licensing agreements, and its total revenue in 2018 was $ 35 million. A million children play with Sesame Street -themed toys per day. Soon after

5800-732: The early 1990s and 2000s, the network has expanded to countries including Canada, Mexico, Latin America, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Africa, and several Asia-Pacific regions. Sesame Workshop Sesame Workshop ( SW ), originally known as the Children's Television Workshop ( CTW ), is an American nonprofit organization that has been responsible for the production of several educational children's programs—including its first and best-known, Sesame Street —that have been televised internationally. Joan Ganz Cooney and Lloyd Morrisett developed

5916-488: The economic problems experienced by commercial networks, but caused difficulty for procuring future funding. Cooney's proposal included using in-house formative research that would inform and improve production, and independent summative evaluations to test the show's effect on its young viewers' learning. In 1967, Morrisett recruited Harvard University professor Gerald S. Lesser , whom he had met while they were both psychology students at Yale , to help develop and lead

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6032-607: The evening hours, Adult Swim's sign-on was moved to 7 p.m. ET/PT on weekdays and Saturdays on May 1, 2023. This expansion led to an increase in the 18-34 demographic, making Cartoon Network 6th place in ad-supported networks during prime time during the month after. Due to the immediate ratings boost, the network announced a second expansion on June 7 with the block sign-on initially scheduled for 6 p.m. ET/PT on August 28 (later expanded further to 5 p.m. as confirmed on August 8). The 5 and 6 p.m. weekday hours feature vault programming from both Cartoon Network and Adult Swim: Checkered Past

6148-451: The federal government and two elite philanthropies, institutions whose wealth exceeded the gross national product of entire countries". At first, Cooney did not fight for the position. However she had the help of her husband and Morrisett, and the project's investors soon realized they could not begin without her. She was eventually named to the post in February 1968. As one of the first female executives in American television, her appointment

6264-477: The film and television library made before May 1986 (including some of the UA library) and formed Turner Entertainment Co. On October 8, 1988, its cable channel Turner Network Television (TNT) was launched and gained an audience with its extensive film library. In 1991, Turner also purchased the library of animation studio Hanna-Barbera . Ted Turner selected Betty Cohen (then-Senior Vice President of TNT) to devise

6380-512: The film studio subsidiary, released The Powerpuff Girls Movie in 2002. Kevin Sandler considered it likely that this film would find its way to HBO or Cinemax , two television network subsidiaries which regularly broadcast feature films. Sandler also viewed book tie-ins through Warner Books as likely, since it was the only area of marketing not covered yet by 2001. Cartoon Network also licensed its original series out for food promotions. Nestlé

6496-468: The former record label subsidiary of the corporate parent (which was spun off from Time Warner in 2004), distributed cassette tapes and CDs with Cartoon Network-related music. These products were also available through the Warner Bros. Studio Store . DC Comics, the comic book subsidiary, published a series featuring the Powerpuff Girls, indicating it could handle other CN-related characters. Warner Bros.,

6612-400: The government's attacks on PBS. Eventually, the CTW got its own line item in the federal budget. By 2019, the U.S. government donated about four percent of the Workshop's budget, or less than $ 5 million a year. For the first time, a public broadcasting series had the potential to earn a great deal of money. Immediately after its premiere, Sesame Street gained attention from marketers, so

6728-516: The history of humanitarian response to help refugee children and families". In 1970, the CTW established a department managing the development of "nonbroadcast" materials based upon Sesame Street . The Workshop decided that all materials its licensing program created would "underscore and amplify" the series' curriculum. Coloring books, for example, were prohibited because the Workshop felt they would restrict children's imaginations. The CTW published Sesame Street Magazine in 1970, which incorporated

6844-491: The holiday. At first Adam thinks the animals hate Thanksgiving because people eat turkeys, but it turns out they hate it because of the parades . Cartoon Network Cartoon Network (often abbreviated as CN ) is an American cable television channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery . It is the flagship property of The Cartoon Network, Inc. , a division that also oversees Boomerang , Cartoonito , Discovery Family , Adult Swim , and Toonami . The channel

6960-406: The idea to form an organization to produce the Sesame Street television series. They spent two years, from 1966 to 1968, researching, developing, and raising money for the new series. Cooney was named as the Workshop's first executive director, which was termed "one of the most important television developments of the decade." Sesame Street premiered on National Educational Television (NET) as

7076-462: The late-night hours, it has since expanded into prime time , moving its start time to 10 p.m. in 2009, 9 p.m. in 2010, and 8 p.m. in March 2014. The 8 p.m. hour has frequently been returned to Cartoon Network for special programming events and premieres, typically during the fall-to-early-winter period. Due to Cartoon Network's viewership shifting almost exclusively towards teenagers and young adults in

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7192-505: The legacy of Sesame Street". In one of these books, for example, the death of the Sesame Street character Mr. Hooper was featured in a book entitled I'll Miss You, Mr. Hooper , published soon after the series featured it in 1983. In 2019, Parade Magazine reported that 20 million copies of The Monster at the End of the Book and Another Monster at the End of this Book had been sold, making them

7308-457: The marathon (one of them part of the Censored Eleven list of Merrie Melodies and Looney Tunes cartoons effectively shelved from distribution) that had become controversial for using ethnic and national stereotypes , albeit broadcasting them past midnight to ensure few children were watching, with introductions concerning their historic value as representatives of another time. Cartoonito

7424-460: The most engaged and there is a meaningful potential for growth". Gizmodo reported that this shutdown not only removes "an archive of clips" and "free access to series" but also the website "hosted years of beloved flash games relating to its shows. While many have been erased over the years through various site redesigns–and archived elsewhere for nostalgic fans–at least some of the current archives are still accessible via international versions of

7540-425: The network has benefited from its relation to corporate parent Time Warner (later WarnerMedia, now Warner Bros. Discovery ), allowing for mutually beneficial relationships with various subsidiary companies. Time Warner Cable , the former cable television subsidiary of the corporate parent (which was spun off from Time Warner in 2009), distributes Cartoon Network as part of its packages. Turner Broadcasting System,

7656-1052: The network to produce exclusive "Web Premiere Toons", short cartoons made specifically for CartoonNetwork.com. More about animation was included in the "Department of Cartoons", which featured storyboards, episode guides, backgrounds, sound and video files, model sheets, production notes, and other information about shows on the network. In January 1999, the Department of Cartoons showcased the "MGM Golden Age Collection", most of which had not been published or even seen in more than 50 years. Cartoon Network launched Cartoon Orbit , an online gaming network characterized by digital trading cards called "cToons", in October 2000. The game officially ended on October 16, 2006. In October 2000, CartoonNetwork.com outdid its rival Nickelodeon's website in terms of unique users, scoring 2.12 million compared to Nick.com's 1.95 million. In July 2007, Nielsen ratings data showed visitors spent an average of 77 minutes on

7772-402: The network's in-house studio, Cartoon Network Studios. Beginning as a division of Hanna-Barbera, this studio would produce some of the network's earliest original series, including Dexter's Laboratory , Cow and Chicken , I Am Weasel , Johnny Bravo , and The Powerpuff Girls . Cartoon Cartoons was once the branding for Cartoon Network's original animated television series , but it

7888-536: The new series. She assembled a team of producers: Jon Stone was responsible for writing, casting, and format; David Connell assumed control of animation and volume production; and Samuel Gibbon served as the show's chief liaison between the production staff and the research team. Stone, Connell, and Gibbon had worked on another children's show, Captain Kangaroo , together. Cooney later said about Sesame Street ' s original team of producers, "collectively, we were

8004-535: The only scientists in the U.S. studying the interaction of children and television at the time. They were responsible for developing a system of planning, production, and evaluation, and the interaction between television producers and educators, later called the "CTW model". Cooney observed of the CTW model: "From the beginning, we—the planners of the project—designed the show as an experimental research project with educational advisers, researchers, and television producers collaborating as equal partners". She described

8120-464: The organization $ 4.5 million. After Sesame Street ' s initial success, the CTW began to think about its survival beyond the development and first season of the show, since its funding sources were composed of organizations and institutions that tended to start projects, not sustain them. Although the organization was what Cooney termed "the darling of the federal government for a brief period of two or three years", its first ten years of existence

8236-599: The organization financially. Cooney brought in Bill Whaley during the late 1970s to work on their licensing agreements, but he was unable to compensate for the CTW's losses until 1986, when licensing revenues stabilized and its portfolio investments increased. Despite financial troubles, the Workshop continued to produce new shows throughout the decade. 3-2-1 Contact premiered in 1980 and ran for seven seasons. The CTW found that finding funding for this series and other science-oriented series like Square One Television , which

8352-667: The organization previously. In 2021, Dunn retired and was replaced by Sherrie Rollins Westin , who had served as president of SW's Social Impact and Philanthropy Division for six years. In 2019, The Hollywood Reporter reported that Sesame Workshop's operating income was approximately $ 1.6 million, after the majority of its funds earned from grants, licensing deals, and royalties went back into its content, its total operating costs were over $ 100 million per year. Operating costs included salaries, $ 6 million in rent for its Lincoln Center corporate offices, its production facilities in Queens, and

8468-522: The organization's international co-productions of the series was $ 96 million. By 2008, the Sesame Street Muppets accounted for $ 15–17 million per year in licensing and merchandising fees. Sherrie Westin is the president of the company, starting in 2021. During the late 1960s, 97% of all American households owned a television set, and preschool children watched an average of 27 hours of television per week. Early childhood educational research at

8584-503: The organization; in 2009, it had to dismiss 20% of its staff. Despite earning about $ 100 million from licensing revenue, royalties, and foundation and government funding in 2012, the Workshop's total revenue was down 15% and its operating loss doubled to $ 24.3 million. In 2013, it responded by dismissing 10% of its staff, saying that it was necessary to "strategically focus" their resources because of "today's rapidly changing digital environment". In 2011, Knell left Sesame Workshop to become

8700-532: The park's features was a computer gallery, which was developed by a small in-house team and included 55 computer programs. The team evolved into the Children's Computer Workshop (CCW) in 1982, which was disbanded and became the Interactive Technologies division of the CTW in the late 1980s. As Sesame Street researcher Shalom M. Fisch stated, no television series could be as interactive as computer games, even "participatory" shows like Blue's Clues or

8816-419: The party, which according to writer Michael Davis was the start of a five-decade long professional relationship between Cooney and Morrisett, turned to the possibilities of using television to educate young children. A week later, Cooney and Freedman met with Morrisett at the office of Carnegie Corporation to discuss doing a feasibility study for creating an educational television program for preschoolers. Cooney

8932-713: The premiere of Sesame Street , producers, educators, and officials of other nations began requesting that a version of the series be broadcast in their countries. CBS executive Michael Dann was required to quit his job at that network due to a change of corporate policy preceding the so-called " rural purge "; upon his ouster, he became vice-president of the CTW and Cooney's assistant. Dann then began developing foreign versions of Sesame Street by arranging what were eventually termed co-productions , or independent programs with their own sets, characters, and curriculum goals. By 2009, Sesame Street had expanded into 140 countries; The New York Times reported in 2005 that income from

9048-576: The preschool block Cartoonito , and the new Sunday-evening block ACME Night–which primarily carries family films and library content, as well as other original series, specials, and television films from Warner Bros. Animation, as well as some programming from Adult Swim. They were introduced as part of an effort by new head Tom Ascheim to broaden Cartoon Network's demographic reach. ACME Night moved to Adult Swim on September 3, 2023, due to Adult Swim moving its daily sign-on time to 5 p.m. ET/PT. Cartoon Network has, during its history, broadcast most of

9164-411: The project's initial research and development, Cooney's installment as CTW's executive director was questionable due to her lack of executive experience, untested financial management skills, and lack of experience with children's television and education. Davis also speculated that sexism was involved, stating, "Doubters also questioned whether a woman could gain the full confidence of a quorum of men from

9280-471: The series with local language voice-overs and instructional cutaways. Dubbed versions of the series continued to be produced if the country's needs and resources warranted it. Eventually, a variant of the CTW model was used to create and produce independently produced preschool television series in other countries. By 2006, there were twenty co-productions. In 2001, there were more than 120 million viewers of all international versions of Sesame Street , and by

9396-630: The show in the inner cities, in Appalachia , in Native American communities, and in migrant worker camps. In the early 1980s, the CTW created the Preschool Education Program (PEP), whose goal was to assist preschools, by combining television viewing, books, hands-on activities, and other media, in using the series as an educational resource. The Workshop also provided materials to non-English speaking children and adults. Starting in 2006,

9512-753: The show". Scriptwriters often wrote their own lyrics to accompany their scripts. Songwriters of note were Joe Raposo , Jeff Moss , Christopher Cerf , Tony Geiss , and Norman Stiles . Many of the songs written for Sesame Street have become what writer David Borgenicht termed "timeless classics". These songs included " Can You Tell Me How to Get to Sesame Street? ", " I Love Trash ", " Rubber Duckie ", " Bein' Green ", and " Sing ". Many Sesame Street songs were recorded by well-known artists such as Barbra Streisand , Lena Horne , Dizzy Gillespie , Paul Simon , and Jose Feliciano . By 2019, there were 180 albums of Sesame Street music produced. The show's first album, Sesame Street Book & Record , recorded in 1970,

9628-432: The show's 50th anniversary in 2019, 190 million children viewed over 160 versions of Sesame Street in 70 languages. In 2005, Doreen Carvajal of The New York Times reported that income from the co-productions and international licensing accounted for $ 96 million. As Cole and her colleagues reported in 2000, "Children's Television Workshop (CTW) can be regarded as the single largest informal educator of young children in

9744-609: The show's creative development, and for hiring the production and research staff for the CTW. The Carnegie Corporation provided their initial $ 1 million grant, and Morrisett, using his contacts, procured additional multimillion-dollar grants from the U.S. federal government, the Arthur Vining Davis Foundations , the Corporation for Public Broadcasting , and the Ford Foundation . Morrisett's friend Harold Howe, who

9860-492: The show's curriculum goals in a magazine format. As with the series, research was performed for the magazine, initially by CTW's research department for a year and a half, and then by the Magazine Research Group in 1975. Working with Random House editor Jason Epstein, the CTW hired Christopher Cerf to manage Sesame Street ' s book publishing program. During the division's first year, Cerf earned $ 900,000 for

9976-399: The show's songs were like television advertisements. To attract the best composers and lyricists, and to encourage them to compose more music for the series, the CTW allowed songwriters to retain the rights to the songs they wrote. For the first time in children's television, the writers earned lucrative profits, which as Davis reported, "helped the show sustain the level of public interest in

10092-528: The show. In 2018, the Workshop made a deal with Apple to develop original content, including live-action, puppet, and animated series, for Apple's streaming service. In 2019, Parade Magazine reported that the organization had received two $ 100 million grants from the MacArthur Foundation and from the LEGO Foundation ; the funds were used to undertake "the largest early childhood intervention in

10208-700: The sign-off time varies with holidays and special programming. Cartoon Network primarily targets children aged 6 to 12, while its early morning block Cartoonito is aimed at preschool -aged children, and evening block Adult Swim targets young adults aged 18 to 34. As of November 2023 , Cartoon Network is available to approximately 66 million pay television households in the United States—down from its peak of 100 million households in 2011. On August 9, 1986, Turner Broadcasting System acquired Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer / United Artists (MGM/UA). On October 18, Turner forcibly sold back MGM. However, Turner kept much of

10324-461: The site, surpassing the previous record of 71 minutes set in 2004, and the site ranked 26th in terms of time spent for all US domains. On August 8, 2024, CartoonNetwork.com officially shut down and now redirects to the Cartoon Network channel hub of the streaming service Max . Regarding the closure of the network's website, a Cartoon Network spokesperson stating "we are focusing on the Cartoon Network shows and social media where we find consumers are

10440-561: The studio has produced many Cartoon Network series, shows such as Big Bag , Ed, Edd n Eddy , Mike, Lu & Og , Courage the Cowardly Dog , Sheep in the Big City , Codename: Kids Next Door , The Secret Saturdays , and Sunday Pants were all produced without its involvement. Cartoon Network Studios has also produced shows for Adult Swim (alongside sister company Williams Street ), Max, and Cartoonito. Live-action programming, initially for Cartoon Network but now exclusively for Adult Swim,

10556-521: The subsidiary overseeing various Warner Bros. Discovery-owned networks, helped cross-promote Cartoon Network shows and at times arranged for swapping certain shows between the networks. For example, Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends , one of CN's original shows, was at times seen at Kids' WB (which was discontinued on May 24, 2008), while Xiaolin Showdown and ¡Mucha Lucha! , two of Kids' WB's original shows, were seen at Cartoon Network. In each case,

10672-401: The swap intended to cultivate a shared audience for the two networks. Time Inc. , the former subsidiary overseeing the magazines of the corporate parent, ensured favorable coverage of Cartoon Network and advertising space across its publications. Printed advertisements for CN shows could appear in magazines such as Time , Entertainment Weekly and Sports Illustrated Kids until Time Inc.

10788-693: The time had shown that when children were prepared to succeed in school, they earned better grades and learned more effectively. Children from low-income families, however, had fewer resources than children from higher-income families to prepare them for school. Research had shown that children from low-income, minority backgrounds tested "substantially lower" than middle-class children in school-related skills, and that they continued to have educational deficits throughout school. The topic of developmental psychology had grown during this period, and scientists were beginning to understand that changes of early childhood education could increase children's cognitive growth. In

10904-425: The top two best-selling e-books sold. Its YouTube channel had almost 5 million subscribers. According to director Jon Stone, the music of Sesame Street was unlike any other children's program on television. For the first time, the show's songs fulfilled a specific purpose and was related to its curriculum. Cooney observed in her initial report that children had an "affinity for commercial jingles", so many of

11020-482: The winter of 1966, Joan Ganz Cooney hosted what she called "a little dinner party" at her apartment near Gramercy Park . Attending were her husband Tim Cooney, her boss Lewis Freedman, and Lloyd and Mary Morrisett, whom the Cooneys knew socially. Cooney was a producer of documentary films at New York public television station WNDT (now WNET ), and won an Emmy for a documentary about poverty in America. Lloyd Morrisett

11136-569: The world". Ten years after the premiere of Sesame Street , the CTW began experimenting with new technologies. In 1979, it began to plan the development of a theme park, Sesame Place, which opened in 1980 in Langhorne, Pennsylvania . Three international parks, Parque Plaza Sesamo in Monterrey, Mexico since 1995, Universal Studios Japan , and Vila Sesamo Kids' Land in Brazil were later built. One of

11252-411: Was revived in 2009 . Starting in the early 1970s, the Workshop ventured into adult programming, but found that it was difficult to make their programs accessible to all socio-economic groups. In 1971, it produced a medical program for adults termed Feelin' Good , hosted by Dick Cavett , which was broadcast until 1974. According to writer Cary O'Dell, the show "lacked a clear direction and never found

11368-490: Was a major success and won a Grammy Award. Parade Magazine reported in 2019 that the show's music had been honored with 11 children's Grammys . According to Gikow, Raposo won three Emmys and four Grammys for his work for the series. Soon after Sesame Street debuted in the US, the CTW was asked independently by producers from several countries to produce versions of the series in their countries. Cooney remarked, "To be frank, I

11484-426: Was a vice-president at Carnegie Corporation , and was responsible for funding educational research, but had been frustrated in his efforts because they were unable to reach the large numbers of children in need of early education and intervention. Cooney was committed to using television to change society, and Morrisett was interested in using television to "reach greater numbers of needy kids". The conversation during

11600-472: Was also instrumental in the creation of the cable channel Sprout in 2005. Sprout (launched as PBS Kids Sprout) was founded as a partnership between the Workshop, Comcast , PBS , and HIT Entertainment , all of whom contributed older programming from their archive libraries to the new network. After seven years as a partner, the Workshop divested its stake in Sprout to NBCUniversal in December 2012. In 2007,

11716-411: Was amenable to broadcast it by commercial stations, but all three major networks rejected the idea. Davis, considering Sesame Street ' s licensing income years later, termed their decision "a billion-dollar blunder". Morrisett was responsible for fund acquisition, and was so successful at it that writer Lee D. Mitgang later said that it "defied conventional media wisdom". Cooney was responsible for

11832-504: Was broadcast from 1987 to 1992, was easy because the National Science Foundation and other foundations were interested in funding science education. Cooney stepped down as chairman and chief executive officer of the CTW in 1990, when she was replaced by David Britt, who was her "chief lieutenant in the executive ranks through the mid-1990s" and whom Cooney termed her "right-hand for many years". Britt had worked for her at

11948-523: Was chosen to perform the study. In the summer of 1967, Cooney took a leave of absence from WNDT, and funded by Carnegie Corporation, traveled the U.S. and Canada interviewing experts in child development, education, and television. She reported her findings in a fifty-five-page document entitled "The Potential Uses of Television in Preschool Education". The report described what the new series, which became Sesame Street , would be like and proposed

12064-594: Was first introduced in September 2021 during Cartoon Network's pivot toward family audiences. Toonami (a portmanteau of "cartoon" and " tsunami ", suggesting a "tidal wave" of animated cartoons) is a brand used for action-oriented programming blocks and television channels worldwide. The original program block launched on Cartoon Network in the United States on March 17, 1997, and primarily aired both American cartoons and Japanese anime. The block ended its original run on September 20, 2008, before being revived on May 26, 2012, as

12180-508: Was founded and started production on What a Cartoon! . This show debuted in 1995, offering original animated shorts. In 1996, Cartoon Network aired two preschool programs: Big Bag , a live-action/puppet television program with animated short series produced by Children's Television Workshop , and Small World , which featured animated series aimed at preschoolers imported from foreign countries. Turner Broadcasting System merged with Time Warner , which consolidated/reverted ownership of all

12296-479: Was granted a licensing agreement that resulted in a Wonder Ball chocolate candy tie-in with Cartoon Network characters and logos beginning in 2003. A new Wonder Ball promotion began in 2004 with characters from Ed, Edd n Eddy and exclusive Wonderball prizes and cToons on the Cartoon Orbit website. Since its inception, Cartoon Network and its sister channels have set up various national and regional feeds. Since

12412-450: Was later re-launched under the auspices of Adult Swim in 2012. 2009 saw the introduction of CN Real, a block that featured live-action reality television series aimed towards a youth audience. In 2011, the channel introduced DC Nation, a block that would be focused on series adapted from DC Comics properties. In September 2021, Cartoon Network introduced two new blocks oriented towards preschool and family viewing respectively, including

12528-454: Was marked by conflicts between the two; in 1978, the US Department of Education refused to deliver a $ 2 million check until the last day of the CTW's fiscal year. According to Davis, the federal government was opposed to funding public television, but the Workshop used Cooney's prestige and fame, and the fact that there would be "great public outcry" if the series was de-funded, to withstand

12644-580: Was notably omitted entirely, while The Scarlet Pumpernickel (1950) and Feed the Kitty (1952), both well-regarded, had their finales heavily edited due to violence. There was media attention in June 2001 over a network decision concerning further omissions from broadcast. Cartoon Network formerly scheduled a 49-hour-long marathon annually known as June Bugs , promising to broadcast every Bugs Bunny animated short in chronological order. The network originally intended to include 12 shorts for its 2001 airing of

12760-399: Was partially caused by SW's need to pay off debt. Sesame Workshop remained involved with the network's programming, as Viacom entered a multi-year production deal with Sesame Workshop shortly after the split and continued to broadcast the company's shows. The last collaboration between Noggin and Sesame Workshop was The Upside Down Show , which premiered in 2006. Outside of Noggin, Knell

12876-773: Was really surprised, because we thought we were creating the quintessential American show. We thought the Muppets were quintessentially American, and it turns out they're the most international characters ever created". She hired former CBS executive Mike Dann, who quit commercial television to become her assistant, as a CTW vice-president. One of Dann's tasks was to manage offers to produce versions of Sesame Street in other countries. In response to Dann's appointment, television critic Marvin Kitman said, "After [Dann] sells [ Sesame Street ] in Russia and Czechoslovakia, he might try Mississippi, where it

12992-469: Was seldom used by the network by 2003. The name was eventually discontinued in 2008. Additionally, several of the Cartoon Network's original series have been produced by studios other than the network's own in-house studio. Notable examples are Ed, Edd n Eddy , Courage the Cowardly Dog , and Codename: Kids Next Door . The name was resurrected by the network in 2021 for a new animated shorts program. From 1999 to 2003, Cartoon Cartoon Fridays served as

13108-555: Was spun off from Time Warner on June 9, 2014. AOL , a now-former sibling company to Time Warner covering Internet services, helped promote Cartoon Network shows online by offering exclusive content for certain animated series, online sweepstakes and display advertising for CN. Warner Bros. Home Entertainment , the home video subsidiary, distributes VHS tapes, DVDs and Blu-ray discs featuring Cartoon Network shows. Select Warner Bros. Family Entertainment VHS releases came with bonus cartoons from Cartoon Network. Rhino Entertainment ,

13224-445: Was spun off into its own cable channel. In 2017, an online Boomerang video-on-demand service was launched, which includes classic series along with new episodes of original series like Scooby-Doo and Guess Who? , New Looney Tunes , and The Tom and Jerry Show . Cartoon Network Studios originated as a division of Hanna-Barbera in 1994 to produce original programs for the network; it eventually became its own entity in 1999. While

13340-536: Was termed "one of the most important television developments of the decade". The formation of the Children Television Workshop was announced at a press conference at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City on 20 May 1968. After her appointment, Cooney hired Bob Davidson as her assistant; he was responsible for making agreements with approximately 180 public television stations to broadcast

13456-459: Was the commissioner for the U.S. Department of Education , promised $ 4 million, half of the new organization's budget. The Carnegie Corporation donated an additional $ 1 million. Mitgang stated, "Had Morrisett been any less effective in lining up financial support, Cooney's report likely would have become just another long-forgotten foundation idea". Funds gained from a combination of government agencies and private foundations protected them from

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