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86-529: The MCS connector is being advanced by the CharIN organization, with aspirations that it become a worldwide standard charging connector for large and medium commercial vehicles. A Charging Interface Initiative e.V. (CharIN) task force was formed by industry actors in March 2018, with the purpose to "define a new commercial vehicle high power charging standard to maximize customer flexibility." CharIN had previously developed

172-579: A standards development organization , such as ISO, IEC, and/or SAE." The Combined Charging System is meant to develop with the needs of the customer. Version 1.0 covered the currently common features of AC and DC charging, and version 2.0 addressed the near to midterm future. The specifications and underlying standards for CCS 1.0 and CCS 2.0 are described for DC charging in Table 1 and for AC charging in Table 2. The automotive manufacturers supporting CCS committed themselves to migrate to CCS 2.0 in 2018. Thus it

258-629: A "Combined Charging System" (CCS) was published at the 15th International VDI -Congress (Association of German Engineers) on 12 October 2011 in Baden-Baden . CCS defines a single connector pattern on the vehicle side that offers enough space for a Type 1 or Type 2 connector, along with space for a two-pin DC connector allowing charging at up to 200   amps. Seven car makers (Audi, BMW, Daimler, Ford, General Motors, Porsche and Volkswagen) agreed in late 2011 to introduce CCS in mid-2012. In May 2012, ACEA endorsed

344-585: A 350 kW (up to 500 A and 920 V) charge network ( IONITY ) with 400 stations in Europe, at a cost of €200,000 ($ 220,000) each. Most electric cars have a battery pack voltage below 400 volts. With a maximum charge current of 500 A, up to 220 kW charging is possible. EVSE manufacturers offer CCS chargers capable of outputs beyond 350 kW. The Terra 360 from ABB supports up to 360 kW charging. CCS chargers capable of 400 kW charging include: In October 2019, Repsol deployed 400 kW CCS chargers near

430-925: A charging plug and socket design in May 2019, which was endorsed by CharIN leadership in September 2019. The version 1.0 HPCCV connector had a triangular shape and round power pins, but the design required further development as it was not finger-proof (safe from accidental contact with the power pins). A test of seven vehicle inlets and eleven connectors was held at the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in September 2020. The prototype hardware represented designs from seven different manufacturers, and six additional manufacturers participated virtually. Criteria evaluated included fit/compatibility, ergonomics, and thermal performance. Evaluations at maximum current (3000 A) were conducted with cooling of both

516-609: A good move. Be-Ge owner Bror Göthe Persson had also established an additional cab factory at Meppel . Scania-Vabis continued their expansion of production facilities through acquisitions. In 1967, they acquired Katrineholm based coachwork company Svenska Karosseriverkstäderna (SKV), and created a new subsidiary, Scania-Bussar . A year later, all bus production, along with R&D was moved to Katrineholm. Further production locations were added at Sibbhult and Falun , and Scania's employee numbers rose, particularly at Södertälje, which

602-545: A majority share in Scania. Volvo was to buy the 49.3% stake in Scania that was owned by Investor AB , Scania's then main shareholder. The acquisition, for US$ 7.5 billion (60.7 billion SEK ), would have created the world's second-largest manufacturer of heavy trucks, behind DaimlerChrysler . The cash for the deal was to come from the sale of Volvo's car division to Ford Motor Company in January 1999. The merger failed, after

688-540: A mobile service throughout the Netherlands with their custom-equipped service trucks. Due to Beers concerted efforts, Scania-Vabis market share in the country remained at a consistent 20% throughout this period. Scania-Vabis were to adopt the business model of Beers in their own overseas sales operations. The 1960s saw Scania-Vabis expanding its production operations into overseas locations. Until now, all Scania-Vabis production had been carried out solely at Södertälje , but

774-499: A new engine plant was inaugurated in the Ipiranga district of São Paulo , and from June 1960, Scania-Vabis do Brasil assembled all vehicles themselves. Scania-Vabis vehicles had already been assembled in Brazil by a local company called Vemag ( Veículos e Máquinas Agrícolas S.A. ) for several years. Scania-Vabis established its first full manufacturing plant outside Södertälje, by building

860-615: A new facility in São Bernardo do Campo near São Paulo, which was opened on 8 December 1962, and this was to set the standard for Scania-Vabis international operations. Closer to home, the recently formed European Economic Community (EEC) offered further opportunities. Based on their now strong presence in the Dutch markets, Scania-Vabis constructed a new plant in Zwolle , which was completed in 1964. This new Dutch facility provided Scania-Vabis with

946-622: A new station with 400 kW Kempower chargers in Lonelier outside Kristiansand , Norway . In June 2023, XC Power opened a new Recharge Station with QiOn Technology at Supercool Mobility Centers, a group of chargers with main power up to 990 kW with non-cooled CCS1 (up to 240 kW), and a charging station with liquid cooling system, up to 990 kW in Puebla City , Mexico . In first half of 2023, both Ford and General Motors announced that they would transition their North American EV lines from CCS1 to

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1032-565: A pre-standardized version of MCS will be built and operated in the Swedish project E-Charge. The chargers will be installed on three different locations in southern Sweden and will be used by four authentic logistics flows during a year's time starting in Q1 2024. The electric trucks will be provided by Scania and Volvo while the chargers will be provided by ABB. The German national project „ Hochleistungsladen im Lkw-Fernverkehr “, commonly referred to as

1118-721: A public truck fast charger with CCS and MCS at its ETCA campus in Amsterdam. In July, E.On and MAN announced that they would set up publicly available fast chargers for trucks at MAN service centers by the end of 2025, with the first going into operation in 2024. 125 of the 170 locations are in Germany, the others in Austria, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. Here, too, they are starting with 400 kW CCS planning to convert to MCS later. Key requirements include: MCS

1204-478: A requirements and specification document would be published by the end of 2021. In August 2021, prototype connectors were tested at up to 3.75 megawatts . MCS connector version 3.2 was adopted in December 2021. CharIN intends to complete the specification document by 2024, which is planned to be in a state that is ready to be adopted by ISO and IEC as a global standard. In preparation, SAE International began developing

1290-623: A stepping stone into the other five EEC countries, particularly the German and French markets. In 1966, Scania-Vabis acquired ownership of a then valuable supplier – Be-Ge Karosserifabrik , who were based in Oskarshamn . Be-Ge had been making truck cabs since 1946, and had been supplying cabs not only to Scania-Vabis, but also to their Swedish competitors Volvo. It was normal practice for truck manufacturers to outsource production of cabs to independent bodybuilders, so their acquisition by Scania-Vabis seemed

1376-559: A third of their orders coming from abroad. The outbreak of the First World War, however, changed the company, with almost all output being diverted to the Swedish Army . By 1916, Scania-Vabis was making enough profit to invest in redeveloping both of their production facilities. Following the war, in 1919, Scania decided to focus completely on building trucks, abandoning other outputs including cars and buses. However, they were hurt by

1462-638: A variety of plugs around the world. The standardization in IEC 62196 for higher-current charging connectors brought about various systems: Type 1 was used primarily in North America and Japan, and Type 2 variants elsewhere. For DC charging, the SAE and European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) made a plan to add common DC wires to the existing AC connector types such that there would be only one "global envelope" that fitted all DC charging stations. The proposal for

1548-576: A very limited number of CR76 chassis-frameworks (less actual bodywork) with transversally rear-mounted engine for external bodying, based on the complete bus with the same name. From 1968 it was also delivered as a standard bus chassis known as BR110. The other chassis models were renamed too, so the Scania-Vabis B56/B76 became the Scania B80/B110 and the BF56/BF76 became BF80/BF110. The numbers in

1634-477: Is 100% owned by the German automotive company Volkswagen Group , forming part of its heavy commercial vehicle subsidiary, Traton , along with MAN Truck & Bus , Volkswagen Caminhões e Ônibus and Navistar . Volkswagen gained ownership of Scania by first buying Volvo's stake in 2000, after the latter's aborted takeover attempt, increasing it to 36.4% in the first quarter 2007. It then bought out Investor AB in March 2008, raising its share to 70.94%. The deal

1720-454: Is a major Swedish manufacturer headquartered in Södertälje , focusing on commercial vehicles —specifically heavy lorries , trucks and buses. It also manufactures diesel engines for heavy vehicles as well as marine and general industrial applications. Scania was formed in 1911 through the merger of Södertälje-based Vabis and Malmö -based Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania . Since 1912,

1806-496: Is also divesting its Russian financing business, Traton said. The company said that all transactions will be completed in the first quarter of 2023. [1] Scania develops, manufactures and sells trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of more than 16  tonnes ( Class 8 ), intended for long-distance haulage, regional, and local distribution of goods, as well as construction haulage. The 1963 forward-control LB76 forged Scania-Vabis's reputation outside Sweden, being one of

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1892-475: Is being tested. The Combined Charging System is primarily driven by European and North American car manufacturers. Type 1 and Combo 1 chargers are primarily found in North and Central America, Korea and Taiwan, while Type 2 and Combo 2 can be found in Europe, South America, South Africa, Arabia, India, Thailand, Singapore, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Oceania and Australia. For DC charging the competing standard GB/T 20234-2015

1978-520: Is intended for Class 6, 7, and 8 commercial vehicles, initially with a primary focus on large trucks and busses, but potential MCS applications to the Aeronautics industry ( e-VTOL , e-Planes, etc...) and Marine Industry (Tug-boats, e-Ferries, River Cargo vessels, etc...) exist. For road vehicles, the vehicle inlet should be placed on the driver's side of the vehicle (left side in North America), between

2064-407: Is recommended for charging station manufacturers to also support CCS 2.0 from 2018 onwards. The specifications of CCS 3.0 were not yet precisely defined . All features of previous versions shall be preserved to ensure backward compatibility. Potential additional features include: Unlike the connector and inlet, which depend on the geographical location, the charging communication is the same around

2150-661: Is used in China, while Japan uses CHAdeMO . In the European Union, according to Directive 2014/94/EU all high-power DC charging points installed after November 18, 2017, were to be equipped for interoperability purposes at least with Combo 2 connectors. However, this does not prohibit the provision of other charging points using e.g. CHAdeMO or AC Rapid . The majority of EVs sold in the United States are made by Tesla and therefore do not natively support CCS charging, but instead used

2236-607: The CAN bus proposal from Japan (including CHAdeMO ) and China (GB/T 20234.3, a separate DC connector standard), and none of their car manufacturers has signed up to CCS. However, China had been involved in early stages of the development of the extra DC pins. Volkswagen built the first public CCS quick-charge station providing 50 kW DC in Wolfsburg in June 2013 to test drive the VW E-Up that

2322-552: The Combined Charging System (CCS) specification. From early 2018 until late 2019, the abbreviation HPCCV (High Power Charging for Commercial Vehicles) was used, following the name of the CharIN consortium taskforce. The purpose statement was later revised to "work out requirements for a new commercial vehicle high power charging solution to maximize customer flexibility when using fully electric commercial vehicles. The scope of

2408-558: The European Union disapproved, announcing one company would have almost 100% market share in the Nordic markets. In September 2006, the German truckmaker MAN AG launched a €10.3bn hostile offer to acquire Scania AB. Scania's CEO Leif Östling was forced to apologise for comparing the bid of MAN to a " Blitzkrieg ". MAN AG later dropped its hostile offer, but in January 2008, MAN increased their voting rights in Scania up to 17%. Scania AB

2494-566: The IEC 62196 Type 1 and Type 2 connectors, with two additional direct current (DC) contacts to allow high-power DC fast charging. In response to demand for faster charging, 400 kW CCS chargers have been deployed by charging networks and 700 kW CCS chargers have been demonstrated. The Combined Charging System allows AC charging using the Type 1 and Type 2 connector depending on the geographical region. This charging environment encompasses charging couplers, charging communication, charging stations,

2580-620: The Marcus Wallenberg-hallen (the Scania Museum) in Södertälje. On 1 September 1969, Scania merged with Saab AB , and formed Saab-Scania AB. When Saab-Scania was split in 1995, the name of the truck and bus division changed simply to Scania AB . One year later, Scania AB was introduced on the stock exchange, which resulted in a minor change of name to Scania AB (publ) . On 7 August 1999, Volvo announced it had agreed to acquire

2666-577: The NACS charge connector beginning with the 2025 model year. These company moves to a competing charging standard prompted a response from the Charging Interface Initiative (CharIN) association, which promotes the CCS standard. They pointed out in June 2023 that "NACS is not a published or recognized standard by any standards body. For any technology to become a standard it has to go through due process in

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2752-512: The 1960s saw the need to expand production overseas. Brazil was becoming a notable market for heavy trucks, and was also dependent on inter-urban buses, with particular requirement for Brazil's mountainous roads which became nigh-on impassable at times. On 2 July 1957, Brazilian subsidiary Scania-Vabis do Brasil S.A. (today known as Scania Latin America Ltda. ) was established and started assembling some vehicles themselves in 1958. On 29 May 1959,

2838-926: The 2-series were launched in 1981 with the F82/F112 replacing the BF86/BF111 and the S82/S112 replacing the B86/B111, and then in 1982 the K82/K112 replacing the BR86/BR116. The BR112 was then updated to the N112 in 1984, and a tri-axle version of the K112 became available, known as the K112T. In 1985, the K82 and F82 were replaced by the 8.5-litre engined K92 and F92. Front-engined versions were in general discontinued on

2924-549: The 2024 model year for their North American EVs. Competing charging systems for high-power DC charging include CHAdeMO (widely used in Japan, previously used in North America and Europe) GB/T (China), and the North American Charging System developed by Tesla. The revival of interest in electric cars spurred deployment of charging stations . Initially, these accessed the abundant AC mains electricity using

3010-677: The A-8 motorway at Abanto-Zierbena , Biscay , Spain . In May 2022, EUROLOOP announced 720 kW charger WILLBERT Amber II S-HUB to be deployed in 2023 across Belgium. In December 2022, Fastned deployed EVBox Troniq High Power 400 kW chargers in De Watering, The Netherlands , along the A8 near Oostzaan as part of its charging network. In April 2023, Nxu demonstrated a battery-backed, 700 kW CCS charger in Mesa, Arizona . In May 2023, Shell opened

3096-444: The AC contacts (L1, L2, L3 & N) are completely removed from the connector and therefore the Type 2 portion of the connector has only three contacts remaining – two communication contacts and a protective earth. The vehicle inlet may retain AC contacts to allow non-CCS AC charging. In both cases, communication and protective earth functions are covered by the original Type 1 or 2 portion of

3182-619: The Automotive Industry (VDA) published the "Masterplan Ladeinfrastruktur 2.0" in February 2022 in which they proposed to extend the Deutschlandnetz state-funded charging network into a " Deutschlandnetz für Lkw " (national fast-charging network for trucks). Whereas the current plan requires 200 kW per charging point using CCS, the next phase will require 700 kW per charging point using MCS. In January 2023 an early Tesla Semi

3268-728: The B20/B21/B22 and the B31, primarily divided by weight class, and then by wheelbase. The latter became upgraded in 1948 and renamed 2B20/2B21/2B22 and 3B31. The T31/T32 trolleybus chassis was also available from 1947. In 1950, the next generation was introduced, with the B41/B42, the B61/B62/B63/B64 and later the B83. From then, Scania-Vabis also offered the BF-series chassis, available as BF61/BF62/BF63, which had

3354-722: The East Coast and West Coast corridors had "complete" CCS networks. As part of the 2016 settlement of the Volkswagen emissions scandal , VW committed to spend US$ 2 billion in the United States over the following 10 years on CCS and other charging infrastructure through subsidiary company Electrify America . In this effort, charging stations would be built with up to 150 kW at community-based locations and with up to 350 kW at highway locations. Besides CCS, CHAdeMO charging stations were to be constructed. In November 2016, Ford, Mercedes, Audi, Porsche and BMW announced they would build

3440-567: The European markets in the mid-1980s, but production continued in Brazil. In 1988, the 3-series was introduced, continuing the main models of the 2-series. In 1990, the new L113 became available, with a longitudinally rear-mounted engine which was inclined 60° to the left, to make a lower height than the K113. The 4-series was launched in 1997, continuing all model characteristics from the 3-series, but with all of them being just modular configurations of

3526-553: The HoLa project (from German Hochleistungs-Ladepark , literally high capacity charging park for the charging sites), will build four new truck charging stations along the Autobahn A2 from Berlin, Germany to Duisburg, Germany. Each station will be equipped initially with two 600 kW stations starting in June 2022, and will be upgraded to 1 Megawatt using MCS in fall 2023. The chargers will be built by Heliox. The German Association of

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3612-562: The PLC connection should support TCP/IP , so that ISO 15118 services have a direct connection to the vehicle electronics (Vehicle-To-Grid, Plug-N-Charge). Lilium GmbH announced in October 2021 that forthcoming VTOL Lilium Jets would be fitted with MCS for charging. Charging stations with MCS connectors will be delivered by ABB in 2024. ABB charging stations have been operated at interoperability testing events. Three truck charging stations using

3698-522: The Scania-Vabis logo changed to a simple griffin's head on a white background. In February 1968, a new range of trucks was launched, and at the same time the company was rebranded as just Scania . In addition to Vabis disappearing from the name and a new logo, all current models received new model designations. In 1976, the Argentine industrial complex was launched. A few months later, on 10 September,

3784-583: The Type 1 coupler, the North American standard, and Type 2 coupler, the European standard, as described in IEC 62196-2. One of the challenges of the Combined Charging System was to develop a vehicle inlet which is compatible with both the existing AC vehicle connectors and additional DC contacts. For both Type 1 and Type 2 this has been accomplished by extending the inlet with two additional DC contacts below

3870-745: The V8, known as the BR115. Also the BR111 was launched as the replacement for the BR110, being derived from the CR111 complete bus. In 1976, many of the models were renewed, and designations were upped from 80 and 85 to 86, and from 110 to 111, except the BR145 which was later replaced by the BR116 in 1978. The BR112 was launched in 1978 as a forerunner to the 2-series , replacing the BR111. The rest of

3956-443: The basic chassis. The 8.5-litre engine was replaced by a 9-litre, and the 11-litre was replaced by an 11.7-litre. They were joined by a 10.6-litre engine in 2000. The current Scania's bus and coach range has been available since 2006, and is marketed as the K-series , N-series and F-series , based on the engine position. Scania-Vabis' first complete bus model was the transversally rear-engined commuter bus Metropol (C50), which

4042-543: The commission in 2016. On 13 September 2022, following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , Scania declared a cessation of operations in Russia. Export sanctions and restrictions were enacted on Russia. In March, Scania stopped deliveries of trucks and parts to Russia, and ceased production in Saint Petersburg. Scania announced the sale of assets of their company in Russia for 560 million USD. MAN Truck & Bus SE and Scania AB are subsidiaries of Traton. They are selling their assets in Russia to local partners, while Scania

4128-446: The communication protocol. The prototype for the matching plug was developed by Phoenix Contact with the goal to withstand 10,000 connect cycles. The standardization proposal was sent to the IEC in January 2011. The request to use a PLC protocol for the Vehicle2Grid communication was made in September 2009 in a joint presentation of BMW, Daimler and VW at a California Air Resources Board ZEV Technology Symposium. This competed with

4214-438: The company headquarters have been based in Södertälje after the merger. Today, Scania has production facilities in Sweden, France, the Netherlands, Thailand, China, India, Argentina, Brazil, Poland and Finland. In addition, there are assembly plants in ten countries in Africa, Asia and Europe. Scania's sales and service organisation and finance companies are worldwide. In 2012, the company employed approximately 42,100 people around

4300-413: The connector. The Type 1 and Type 2 connectors are described in IEC 62196-2, while the Combo 1 and Combo 2 connectors are described in IEC 62196-3 as Configurations EE and FF. As vehicle couplers for DC charging according to IEC 62196-3:2014 Ed.1 allow DC charging only with currents up to 200 A, they do not sufficiently cover the needs of the future charging infrastructure. Consequently, a later edition of

4386-408: The draft MCS standards into the J3271 requirements in December 2021; in parallel, the IEC began developing standard 63379 in Spring 2021. The final standard is expected to be resolved in 2024. There is an open point in testing interference immunity of the PLC connection, otherwise the communication would need to switch to a CAN connection on the same pilot pins. Additionally the protocol on

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4472-567: The electric vehicle and various functions for the charging process such as load balancing and charge authorization. Electric vehicles or electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) are CCS-capable if they support either AC or DC charging according to the standards listed by the CCS. Automobile manufacturers that support CCS include BMW , Daimler, FCA , Jaguar, Groupe PSA , Honda , Hyundai , Kia , Mazda , MG , Nissan , Polestar , Renault , Rivian , Tesla , Mahindra , Tata Motors and Volkswagen Group , as well as Ford and General Motors through

4558-401: The engine more conventionally mounted before the front-axle, leaving room for the door on a longer front overhang. From 1954, the B-series came as B51 and B71, and the BF as BF71 and later BF73. In 1959, the B55, B65 and B75, plus the BF75 were introduced, and were from 1963 available as B56, B66 and B76, plus the BF56 and BF76. Before the rebranding to Scania in 1968, Scania-Vabis had delivered

4644-563: The entrepreneurial efforts of their dealers into the haulier market. Probably their largest impact was in export markets. Before 1950, exports accounted for only 10 percent of production output, but a decade later, exports were at 50% of output. Beers in the Netherlands became a very important partner. Beers became official importers for Scania-Vabis in the Netherlands, and established a dealer network, along with training programmes for both mechanics and drivers. Beers also offered free twice-yearly overhauls of their customers vehicles, and offered

4730-403: The existing AC and communication contacts. The resulting new configurations are commonly known as Combo 1 and Combo 2. For the DC vehicle connector, the implementation varies slightly between Combo 1 and Combo 2. In the case of Combo 1 the connector is extended by two DC contacts, while the Type 1 portion of the connector remains the same with the AC contacts (L1 & N) being unused. For Combo 2

4816-553: The first Danish-built car, a four- seater Phaeton , was built at the company's Frederiksberg factory in Copenhagen . In 1914, the factory produced Denmark's first Scania-Vabis truck, and following this developed a V8 engine , one of the first in the world. In 1921, having sold around 175 trucks, and 75 cars, the Danish operation was closed down. In 1917 an agreement was established with the newly formed Norwegian company Norsk Automobilfabrik A/S about production under license of Scania-Vabis cars and lorries. Production began in 1919, but

4902-478: The first exhaustively crash-tested truck cabs. All current trucks from Scania are part of the PRT-range , but are marketed as different series based on the general cab height. Scania's bus and coach range has always been concentrated on chassis , intended for use with anything between tourist coaches to city traffic, but ever since the 1950s, when the company was still known as Scania-Vabis, they have manufactured complete buses for their home markets of Sweden and

4988-507: The first gearbox outside of Sweden was manufactured and finally in December an L111 truck became the first Scania made in Argentina. Soon the plant specialised in the production of gearboxes, axles and differentials that equipped both the units produced in Tucumán and those built in Brazil. Also in Argentina, in 1982 the Series 2 was launched as part of the "Scania Program", consisting of the T-112 and R-112 trucks with two cab versions and different options in engine and load capacity. In 1983,

5074-551: The front and rear axles. A CCS Combo 1/Combo 2/ SAE J3068 or ChaoJi inlet may also be fitted to the vehicle for compatibility and AC charging. Black & Veatch have designed prototype layout requirements for vehicle charging lanes. CharIN The Combined Charging System ( CCS ) is a standard for charging electric vehicles . It can use Combo 1 ( CCS1 ) or Combo 2 ( CCS2 ) connectors to provide power at up to 500 kilowatts (kW) (max. 1000 V and 500 A). These two connectors are extensions of

5160-433: The globe. Generally two types of communication can be differentiated. CCS differentiates between two methods of load balancing. For charge authorization, generally two approaches are foreseen. The vehicle coupler is composed of the vehicle connector, which is mounted at the end of a flexible cable, and the vehicle inlet, the counterpart of the connector, which is located within the vehicle. The CCS couplers were based on

5246-434: The inlet and the connector; for connector cooling only, current was limited to 1000 A, and without cooling, current was limited to 350 A. Versions 2.0 through 2.4 of the MCS connector used "hairpin" shaped contacts, but it was later changed to version 3.0 through 3.2, which returned to the triangular shape with larger pins and longer protective sheaths to prevent accidental contact. The task force had anticipated that

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5332-426: The latter being very profitable for Scania-Vabis. It also started to become a genuine competitor to Volvo with their new L71 Regent truck which was introduced in 1954. During this period, Scania-Vabis expanded its dealer network and country-wide specialist workshop facilities. By the end of the 1950s, their market-share in Sweden was between 40 and 50%, and was achieving 70% in the heaviest truck sector – helped by

5418-534: The merger was a reality. Development and production of engines and light vehicles were set to Södertälje, while trucks were manufactured in Malmö. The company's logo was redesigned from Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania's original logo with the head of a griffin , the coat of arms of the Swedish region Scania (Skåne), centered on a three-spoke bicycle chainset . Initially the headquarters were located in Malmö, but in 1912 they were moved to Södertälje. Because there were many inexpensive, imported cars in Sweden at

5504-509: The model was renamed CR110 (CR110M and CR110L). In 1967, the coachwork manufacturer Svenska Karosseri Verkstäderna (SKV) in Katrineholm was acquired, and all production of bus chassis soon moved there too. Together with the rebranding in 1968, Scania re-introduced the front-engined CF range for customers in Sweden as a body-on-chassis product with the newly acquired SKV's former bodywork model "6000" on standard Scania chassis, but less than 100 were delivered until 1970. The CF110L (BF110 chassis)

5590-403: The new model designations were based on the engine displacement (8 and 11-litre), a scheme that Scania used for almost 40 years. In 1971, a new range of longitudinally mounted rear-engined chassis was launched, with the BR85 and its larger brother, the V8-powered 14-litre BR145, targeted at the coach market. In Brazil, the higher powered version was equipped with the standard 11-litre instead of

5676-1091: The proprietary Tesla connector from the early-2010s through 2022, though newer Tesla cars also support CCS with a separately sold adapter. In November 2022, Tesla renamed its previously proprietary charging connector to the North American Charging Standard (NACS), making the specifications available to other EV manufacturers and allowing it to support the same signalling standard as CCS. In 2023, Ford Motor Company , General Motors , and Rivian announced that they would use NACS instead of CCS connectors on all future North American BEV models. Vehicles will initially come with an adapter in 2024, but new models starting from 2025 will be built with native NACS ports. Subsequently, other EV companies signed agreements for native NACS adoption, including Aptera , BMW Group , Fisker , Honda , Hyundai Motor Group , Jaguar , Lucid , Mercedes-Benz , Nissan , Polestar , Subaru , Toyota , and Volvo . Many major charging networks and charging equipment suppliers also announced support for NACS, including EVgo, FLO, ABB E-Mobility, and EverCharge. NACS

5762-412: The provision of Type 2 or Combo 2 within the European electric vehicle charging network . In Germany, the Charging Interface Initiative e. V. ( CharIN ) was founded by car makers and suppliers (Audi, BMW, Daimler, Mennekes, Opel, Phoenix Contact, Porsche, TÜV SÜD and Volkswagen) to promote the adoption of CCS. They noted in a press release that most cars cannot charge faster than 50 kW, so that

5848-407: The rest of Scandinavia , and since the 1990s even for major parts of Europe. Scania-Vabis was involved in bus production from its earliest days, producing mail buses in the 1920s. In 1946, the company introduced their B-series of bus chassis, with the engine mounted above the front-axle, giving a short front overhang and the door behind the front-axle. The first generation consisted of the B15/B16,

5934-535: The standard supports currents of up to 500 A. Such high currents, however, either require large cable cross-sections, leading to heavy and stiff cables, or require cooling if thinner cables are desired. In addition, contact resistance leads to more heat dissipation. To cope with these technical issues, the standard IEC TS 62196-3-1 describes the requirements for high-power DC couplers including thermal sensing, cooling and silver-plating of contacts. CharIN are investigating versions over 2 MW for electric trucks, and equipment

6020-509: The standardization of the Combo 2 connector across the European Union . ACEA were joined later that month by the European Association of Automotive Suppliers (CLEPA) and The Union of the Electricity Industry (EURELECTRIC). Also that month, prototype implementations for up to 100 kW were shown at EVS26 in Los Angeles . DC charging specifications in the IEC 62196-3 draft give a range up to 125 A at up to 850 V. The seven auto makers also agreed to use HomePlug GreenPHY as

6106-412: The swamping of the market with decommissioned military vehicles from the war, and by 1921 the company was bankrupt. After some economic difficulties in 1921, new capital came from Stockholms Enskilda Bank owned by the Wallenberg family , and Scania-Vabis became a solid and technically, high standing, company. Towards the end of 1913, the company established a subsidiary in Denmark. The following year

6192-640: The technical recommendation is to be limited to the connector, and any related requirements for the EVSE , the vehicle, communication, and related hardware." The HPCCV held a meeting in September 2018 to build consensus on proposed requirements, and the CharIN Board of Management approved a set of consensus requirements in November 2018. Five companies submitted candidate designs to meet the requirements: Tesla , Electrify America , ABB , paXos , and Stäubli . HPCCV selected

6278-512: The test client Contargo. Contargo had announced to build its own network of truck fast chargers, specifically at its company sites in Duisburg, Voerde-Emmelsum, Emmerich, Frankfurt-Ost, Industriepark Frankfurt-Höchst, Gustavsburg, Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Koblenz, Ludwigshafen, Mannheim, Neuss, Weil am Rhein and Wörth. In June, Milence openend its first truck charging park in the port of Antwerpen-Brügge, not including an MCS plug however. In June, Shell opened

6364-440: The time, Scania-Vabis decided to build high-class, luxury cars, for instance the type III limousine from 1920 that had a top hat holder in the roof. Prince Carl of Sweden owned a 1913 Scania-Vabis 3S, a type which was fitted with in-car buttons so the passenger could communicate with the driver. Scania-Vabis also built two-seat sports cars (or "sportautomobil"). For the next few years the company's profits stagnated, with around

6450-606: The world. Scania was listed on the NASDAQ OMX Stockholm stock exchange from 1996 to 2014. The company is a subsidiary of Traton , part of the Volkswagen Group . Scania's logo shows a griffin , from the coat of arms of the province of Scania ( Swedish : Skåne ). AB Scania-Vabis was established in 1911 as the result of a merger between Södertälje -based Vabis and Malmö -based Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania . Vagnfabriks Aktiebolaget i Södertelge (Vabis)

6536-639: Was approved by regulatory bodies in July 2008. Scania then became the ninth marque in the Volkswagen Group. By 1 January 2015, Volkswagen controlled 100% of the shares in Scania AB. In September 2017, Scania was fined 880 million euros (8.45bn Swedish krona ) by the EU for taking part in a 14-year price fixing cartel. The other five members of the cartel – Daimler , DAF , MAN , Iveco and Volvo / Renault – settled with

6622-507: Was built in the workshop in Södertälje on licence from the Mack C50 in 1953–1954 for customer Stockholms Spårvägar . It was followed in 1955 by the slightly shorter city bus version Capitol (C70/C75/C76), which was manufactured until 1964. In 1959, the front-engined CF-series was introduced with the CF65 and CF75 (later CF66 and CF76). The CF-series was built until 1966. In 1965, the rear-engined CR76

6708-638: Was ended in 1921 after production of only 77 lorries, mostly built from Swedish produced parts. During the Second World War, Scania produced a variety of military vehicles for the Swedish Army, including Stridsvagn m/41 light tanks produced under licence. During the 1950s, the company expanded its operations into new customer segments, becoming agents for the Willys Jeep and the Volkswagen Beetle ,

6794-592: Was established as a railway car manufacturer in 1891, while Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania was established as a bicycle manufacturer in 1900. Both companies had tried their luck at building automobiles , trucks and engines, but with varied success. In 1910, Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania had succeeded in constructing reliable vehicles, while Vabis was at the brink of closing down. An offer from Per Alfred Nordeman, managing director of Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania, to steel manufacturer Surahammars Bruk , owner of Vabis, led to an agreement in November 1910, and in 1911

6880-566: Was introduced as a replacement for the Capitol. It was available in two versions; the CR76M with double doors (2-2-0) for city and suburban traffic, and the CR76L with single doors (1-1-0) for longer distances. Because of Sweden's switch to right-hand traffic in September 1967 and the need for new buses with doors on the right-hand side, the model sold well. With the rebranding from Scania-Vabis to Scania in 1968,

6966-747: Was launched the K112 made in Tucuman (like the rest models) for replace the BR-116. In mid-1985 Scania entered the US market for the first time (aside from having sold 12,000 diesel engines installed in Mack trucks from 1962 until 1975), starting modestly with a goal of 200 trucks in all of 1987 (121 trucks were sold during calendar year 1986 ). Scania limited their marketing to New England , where conditions resemble those in Europe more closely. Many examples of Scania, Vabis and Scania-Vabis commercial and military vehicles can be seen at

7052-612: Was spotted with version 2 of the MCS charging port. Kempower will deliver the first MCS chargers in late 2024 to a site in Sweden ABB will deliver charging stations with 1200 kW in 2025 which will be used in the pilot projects as planned in 2024. Pilot projects started in 2024. In March, an MAN eTruck was charged with 1000 A at 700 kW at an ABB charging station. In April, a Mercedes-Benz eActross 600was charged with 1250 A at 1000 kW at an ABB charging station. In April, two eActross were delivered to

7138-617: Was subsequently ratified internationally as standard SAE J3400. This has led to predictions that CCS1 will soon be obsolete, as it is bigger, heavier and more expensive than NACS. As a result, Hilton Worldwide announced an agreement with Tesla to install 20,000 EVSEs across 2,000 of its properties in North America by 2025. In many other countries no standard is preferred yet, although CharIN recommended advanced Type 2 and Combo 2 in 2018. Scania AB Scania AB ( / ˈ s k æ n i ə / SKAN -ee-ə , Swedish: [ˈskɑ̌ːnɪa] ), stylised SCANIA in its products,

7224-497: Was the first common power output of CCS stations to be built during 2015. The next step was the standardization of stations with 150 kW output that they showed in October 2015, looking to a future system with 350 kW output. Volvo joined CharIN in 2016; Tesla in March 2016; Lucid Motors (previously Atieva) June 2016; Faraday Future June 2016; Toyota in March 2017. In the United States, BMW and VW claimed in April 2016 that

7310-501: Was to be delivered with a DC rapid charger connector for CCS. Two weeks later, BMW opened its first CCS rapid charge station to support the BMW i3 . Since at least the second EV World Summit in June 2013, the CHAdeMO association, Volkswagen and Nissan all advocate multi-standard DC chargers, as the additional cost of a dual-protocol station is only 5%. Since 2014 the European Union has required

7396-564: Was to help double the town's population. Scania-Vabis at some point in their history also manufactured trucks in Botswana, Brazil, South-Korea, Tanzania, the Netherlands, Zimbabwe and the United States. For some time Daimler-Benz waged a 'logo war' with Scania-Vabis, claiming a possible confusion between the Scania-Vabis 'pedal crank' design featuring on Scania bicycles around 1900 and the Mercedes 'three-pointed star'. In 1968, Daimler-Benz won and

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