21-460: [REDACTED] Look up medulla or medullary in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Medulla (Latin for "marrow") or medullary may refer to: Science [ edit ] Medulla oblongata , a part of the brain stem Renal medulla , a part of the kidney Adrenal medulla , a part of the adrenal gland Medulla of ovary , a stroma in
42-511: A 2004 album by Björk Medulla, Florida , a place in the U.S. Las Médulas , a gold mining site in León, Spain See also [ edit ] All pages with titles beginning with Medulla All pages with titles containing Medulla All pages with titles containing Medullary Medullary cavity , the central cavity of bone shafts Medullary ray (disambiguation) Medulla Grammatice ,
63-485: A fifteenth-century Latin–Middle English glossary Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Medulla . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Medulla&oldid=1249400398 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
84-427: A part of the kidney Adrenal medulla , a part of the adrenal gland Medulla of ovary , a stroma in the center of the ovary Medulla of the thymus , a part of the lobes of the thymus Medulla of lymph node Medulla (hair) , the innermost layer of the hair shaft Medulla, a part of the optic lobe of arthropods Medulla (lichenology) , a layer of the internal structure of a lichen Pith , or medulla,
105-417: A tissue in the stems of vascular plants Other uses [ edit ] Medúlla , a 2004 album by Björk Medulla, Florida , a place in the U.S. Las Médulas , a gold mining site in León, Spain See also [ edit ] All pages with titles beginning with Medulla All pages with titles containing Medulla All pages with titles containing Medullary Medullary cavity ,
126-434: A triangular fossa, which forms the lower part of the floor of the fourth ventricle . The fossa is bounded on either side by the inferior cerebellar peduncle , which connects the medulla to the cerebellum . The lower part of the medulla, immediately lateral to the cuneate fasciculus, is marked by another longitudinal elevation known as the tuberculum cinereum . It is caused by an underlying collection of gray matter known as
147-419: Is a disease that attacks the nerves supplying the bulbar muscles. Infantile progressive bulbar palsy is progressive bulbar palsy in children. Both lampreys and hagfish possess a fully developed medulla oblongata. Since these are both very similar to early agnathans , it has been suggested that the medulla evolved in these early fish, approximately 505 million years ago. The status of the medulla as part of
168-431: Is a secondary brain vesicle which forms during the maturation of the rhombencephalon , also referred to as the hindbrain. The bulb is an archaic term for the medulla oblongata. In modern clinical usage, the word bulbar (as in bulbar palsy ) is retained for terms that relate to the medulla oblongata, particularly in reference to medical conditions . The word bulbar can refer to the nerves and tracts connected to
189-419: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages medulla [REDACTED] Look up medulla or medullary in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Medulla (Latin for "marrow") or medullary may refer to: Science [ edit ] Medulla oblongata , a part of the brain stem Renal medulla ,
210-460: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Medulla oblongata The medulla oblongata or simply medulla is a long stem-like structure which makes up the lower part of the brainstem . It is anterior and partially inferior to the cerebellum . It is a cone-shaped neuronal mass responsible for autonomic (involuntary) functions, ranging from vomiting to sneezing . The medulla contains
231-420: The autonomous nervous system which include: A blood vessel blockage (such as in a stroke ) will injure the pyramidal tract , medial lemniscus , and the hypoglossal nucleus . This causes a syndrome called medial medullary syndrome . Lateral medullary syndrome can be caused by the blockage of either the posterior inferior cerebellar artery or of the vertebral arteries. Progressive bulbar palsy (PBP)
SECTION 10
#1732883478848252-437: The cardiovascular center , the respiratory center , vomiting and vasomotor centers, responsible for the autonomic functions of breathing , heart rate and blood pressure as well as the sleep–wake cycle . "Medulla" is from Latin, ‘pith or marrow’. And "oblongata" is from Latin, ‘lengthened or longish or elongated'. During embryonic development, the medulla oblongata develops from the myelencephalon . The myelencephalon
273-427: The foramen cecum . On either side of this fissure are raised areas termed the medullary pyramids . The pyramids house the pyramidal tracts –the corticospinal tract , and the corticobulbar tract of the nervous system. At the caudal part of the medulla these tracts cross over in the decussation of the pyramids obscuring the fissure at this point. Some other fibers that originate from the anterior median fissure above
294-401: The gracile nucleus and the cuneate nucleus . The soma (cell bodies) in these nuclei are the second-order neurons of the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway , and their axons, called the internal arcuate fibers or fasciculi, decussate from one side of the medulla to the other to form the medial lemniscus . Just above the tubercles, the posterior aspect of the medulla is occupied by
315-415: The myelencephalon . The final differentiation of the medulla is seen at week 20 gestation. Neuroblasts from the alar plate of the neural tube at this level will produce the sensory nuclei of the medulla. The basal plate neuroblasts will give rise to the motor nuclei. The medulla oblongata connects the higher levels of the brain to the spinal cord , and is responsible for several functions of
336-477: The spinal trigeminal nucleus . The gray matter of this nucleus is covered by a layer of nerve fibers that form the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve . The base of the medulla is defined by the commissural fibers , crossing over from the ipsilateral side in the spinal cord to the contralateral side in the brain stem; below this is the spinal cord. Blood to the medulla is supplied by a number of arteries . The medulla oblongata forms in fetal development from
357-413: The center of the ovary Medulla of the thymus , a part of the lobes of the thymus Medulla of lymph node Medulla (hair) , the innermost layer of the hair shaft Medulla, a part of the optic lobe of arthropods Medulla (lichenology) , a layer of the internal structure of a lichen Pith , or medulla, a tissue in the stems of vascular plants Other uses [ edit ] Medúlla ,
378-582: The central cavity of bone shafts Medullary ray (disambiguation) Medulla Grammatice , a fifteenth-century Latin–Middle English glossary Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Medulla . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Medulla&oldid=1249400398 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
399-436: The decussation of the pyramids and run laterally across the surface of the pons are known as the anterior external arcuate fibers . The region between the anterolateral and posterolateral sulcus in the upper part of the medulla is marked by a pair of swellings known as olivary bodies (also called olives ). They are caused by the largest nuclei of the olivary bodies, the inferior olivary nuclei . The posterior part of
420-421: The medulla between the posterior median sulcus and the posterolateral sulcus contains tracts that enter it from the posterior funiculus of the spinal cord. These are the gracile fasciculus , lying medially next to the midline, and the cuneate fasciculus , lying laterally. These fasciculi end in rounded elevations known as the gracile and the cuneate tubercles. They are caused by masses of gray matter known as
441-411: The medulla such as the corticobulbar tract , and also by association to those muscles innervated , including those of the tongue , pharynx and larynx . The medulla can be thought of as being in two parts: The anterior median fissure contains a fold of pia mater , and extends along the length of the medulla oblongata. It ends at the lower border of the pons in a small triangular area, termed
SECTION 20
#1732883478848#847152