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28-616: Medscape is a website providing access to medical information for clinicians and medical scientists; the organization also provides continuing education for physicians and other health professionals. It references medical journal articles, Continuing Medical Education (CME), a version of the National Library of Medicine 's MEDLINE database, medical news, and drug information (Medscape Drug Reference, or MDR). At one time Medscape published seven electronic peer reviewed journals. Medscape launched May 22, 1995, by SCP Communications, Inc. under

56-534: A CME provider to pay (or overpay) them as CME faculty, consultants, or members of a speaker's bureau," wrote Morris and Taitsman. CMEs also work alongside the medical-industrial complex , which describes the connection between pharmaceutical companies, healthcare corporations, and physicians in creating for-profit healthcare products. Physicians who undergo continuing medical education courses can oftentimes be subject to bias due to pharmaceutical companies and healthcare corporations promoting products throughout

84-638: A five-year cycle. Fifty credits must be obtained for each year of the cycle. To earn and maintain fellowship within the college, an additional 24 credit-hours of higher level learning are also required over each learning cycle. Similarly, each province and territory requires documentation of ongoing CME for licensure. Continuing medical education activities are developed and delivered by a variety of organizations, including: Activities may be classified as Formal Learning Activities, including live planned programs, enduring materials (such as DVD- and web-based content), Process Improvement CME (or PI-CME, as defined by

112-571: A narrow focus on the products and to neglect provisions of a broader education on alternative strategies," such as communication and prevention. For example, gabapentin (Neurontin), was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for adjunctive therapy in epilepsy, but Warner-Lambert sponsored CME activities that encouraged its use for off-label indications. The U.S. Department of Justice brought civil and criminal charges against Warner-Lambert, which Warner-Lambert settled for $ 430 million, alleging that Warner-Lambert paid kickbacks to doctors in

140-407: A standard number and type of credits in order to maintain their certification (CCFP). The CFPC's official monthly journal is Canadian Family Physician . Family physicians have the possibility of accumulating MAINPRO credits by "performing brief reflective exercises after reading eligible articles in the journal," thereby contributing to the spread of family medicine stories and experience across

168-409: A survey of doctors found WebMD and its sister company Medscape to have incomplete medical information lacking depth and also numerous cases of misinformation on their sites. A study of Medscape and WebMD also found both services to lack neutrality and exhibiting bias potentially based on very high payments (compared to their industry competitors) from the pharmaceutical industry. In April 2024, Medscape

196-819: Is earned by standardized exam, and confers the Certified CME Professional (CCMEP) certificate. NC-CME maintains a registry of these certified professionals. As of June 2011, the Registry included 320 professionals. Critics, such as Morris and Taitsman, would prefer that the medical profession eliminate commercial support for CME. Despite ACCME requirements that program content be free of commercial interests, " CME providers can easily pitch topics designed to attract commercial sponsorship," and sponsors can award grants to programs that support their marketing strategies. The Institute of Medicine has said that CME has become too reliant on industry funding that "tends to promote

224-541: The American Medical Association), or Informal Learning Activities such as Internet-Point of Care (POC) research and decision making, or journal clubs whose members evaluate published research for mutual awareness and benefit, or online professional communities. In 2008, professional certification for CME planners was established by the National Commission for Certification of CME Professionals which

252-904: The CFPC but are nonetheless accessible for graduating or practicing family physicians include the following: Physician members of the Canadian Forces can benefit from supplementary training and obtain the Certificate of Added Competence in Emergency Medicine via subsidized education from the Department of National Defence of Canada. Several medical schools in Canada have student interest groups in family medicine, as well as other medical specialties. These student interest groups often organize activities that allow fellow medical students to explore some facets of

280-548: The CFPC was established to provide funding for honours, awards, scholarships, and grants bestowed by the organization to its members. It is a registered charity with the Government of Canada. The CFPC recognizes several enhanced skills programs that generally last between three and twelve months. These advanced programs are accessible to practicing family physicians as well as Canadian medical residents who are completing their second year of residency in family medicine. In some cases,

308-552: The Royal College as Fellows maintain their knowledge, skills, competence and performance through participating in the Maintenance of Certification Program. For each five-year cycle, fellows of the college are required to document 400 credits, with a minimum of 40 credits obtained in each year of the cycle. Credits are earned at one to two credits per hour, based on the type of learning activity. The CFPC requires 250 credit-hours over

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336-806: The United States, CME for physicians is regulated by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) and the American Osteopathic Association (AOA). In Canada, certification is provided by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) and the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CFPC). The RCPSC is responsible for the development and implementation of all certifying examinations in each specialty other than Family Medicine. Specialist physicians who join

364-488: The United States, Canada, Great Britain and Europe. The pharmaceutical industry has also developed guidelines regarding drug detailing and industry sponsorship of CME, such as the Pharmaceutical Advertising Advisory Board (PAAB) and Canada's Research-Based Pharmaceutical Companies (Rx&D). In the United States, many states require CME for medical professionals to maintain their licenses. Within

392-747: The anticipated benefits for the Certification decision. For this reason, starting in 2016, the two examinations were once again run separately, as they were prior to 2013. The CFPC has numerous opportunities for the continuing professional development of its physician members. The CFPC runs a program designed to support the continuous professional development of its members called Mainpro+ (Maintenance of Proficiency). This program assesses proposed learning modules and seminars against established standards and awards various types and numbers of credits that physicians can earn by participating in these learning opportunities. Credits are recorded and physicians must meet

420-701: The certification examination for graduating family medicine residents , and grants the certification (CCFP) and fellowship (FCFP) designations to its members. The CFPC is a member of the World Organization of Family Doctors . The CFPC is based in Mississauga, Ontario . The CFPC was founded in 1954 in Vancouver, British Columbia , as the "College of General Practice of Canada" out of a need to ensure family physicians were dedicated to continuing medical education. There were 400 members at inception. Victor L. Johnston,

448-576: The continuing learning experience. In the 1950s through to the 1980s, CME was increasingly funded by the pharmaceutical industry. Concerns regarding informational bias (both intentional and unintentional) led to increasing scrutiny of the CME funding sources. This led to the establishment of certifying agencies such as the Society for Academic Continuing Medical Education which is an umbrella organization representing medical associations and bodies of academic medicine from

476-566: The country to the various readers of CFP . Each year, the CFPC hosts the Family Medicine Forum (FMF), a national family medicine conference. The conference offers hundreds of clinical and professional development sessions for family physicians over three days in November. The conference is held at varying host cities and provinces each year. The 2016 FMF was held in Vancouver , British Columbia . The Research and Education Foundation of

504-520: The course. This can create poor outcomes for patients , who are oftentimes subject to physician bias and potentially detrimental effects. College of Family Physicians of Canada The College of Family Physicians of Canada ( CFPC ; French : Collège des médecins de famille du Canada , CMFC ) is a professional association and the legal certifying body for the practice of family medicine in Canada. This national organization of family physicians

532-750: The direction of its CEO Peter Frishauf. The first editor of Medscape was a P.A. named Stephen Smith. In 1999, George D. Lundberg became the editor-in-chief of Medscape. For seventeen years before joining Medscape he served as editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association . In September 1999, Medscape, Inc. went public and began trading on NASDAQ under the symbol MSCP. In 2000, Medscape merged with MedicaLogic, Inc., another public company. MedicaLogic filed for bankruptcy within 18 months and sold Medscape to WebMD in December 2001. In 2008, Lundberg

560-484: The enhanced skills program counts as a third year of residency. The following are some existing enhanced skills programs, which are recognized by the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CFPC) and lead to the obtention of a Certificate of Added Competence (CAC) in a specialized domain of family and community medicine: Some other enhanced skills programs which do not necessarily lead to a certificate of added competence with

588-533: The first executive director, remained in office for ten consecutive years. The first executive committee and board of representatives consisted of 17 members. In 1964, the College obtained its current name. The CFPC is governed by members of the executive committee and the board of representatives. In 2013, the CFPC collaborated with the Medical Council of Canada (MCC) to deliver a new "harmonized" certification examination in family medicine. Those who passed

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616-500: The form of lavish trips to attend presentations abйИЯСout off-label uses . More recently, AstraZeneca PLC has been fined $ 520 million in the United States for off-label promotion to doctors for their anti-psychotic drug, Seroquel . Industry-sponsored CMEs can violate federal statutes, according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . "When a pharmaceutical manufacturer rewards high-prescribing physicians by directing

644-600: The future. It also withdrew from the multimillion dollar deal with PMI, which included plans to deliver 13 programs, called the "PMI Curriculum", as well as podcasts and a TV-like series. Continuing Medical Education Continuing medical education is not a new concept. From essentially the beginning of institutionalized medical instruction (medical instruction affiliated with medical colleges and teaching hospitals), health practitioners continued their learning by meeting with their peers. Grand rounds, case discussions, and meetings to discuss published medical papers constituted

672-472: The medical specialty. In September 2014, for example, the family medicine student interest group at McGill University hosted the sixth family medicine student symposium, gathering over 600 students from the four Quebec faculties of medicine (McGill University, Université de Montréal , Université Laval , and Université de Sherbrooke ), as well as the University of Ottawa . While the conferences took place in

700-641: The new examination and met all other qualifications of both organizations were awarded both the Licentiate of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC), the medical license to practice in Canada, and the certification in family medicine designation (CCFP). Nevertheless, upon review of the harmonized examination, the CFPC determined that the Certification Examination in Family Medicine did not result in

728-613: Was founded in 1954 and incorporated in 1968. Although membership is not mandatory to practice medicine, it currently numbers over 38,000 members. Members of the CFPC belong to the national College, as well as to their provincial or territorial chapters. The CFPC uses both English and French as official communication languages. The CFPC establishes the standards for the training, certification , and lifelong education of family physicians in Canada . It accredits postgraduate family medicine training programs in Canadian medical schools, conducts

756-434: Was strongly criticized for running educational content funded by tobacco transnational PMI ( Philip Morris International), with critics saying that the tobacco industry should abstain from any involvement in medical education. In response, Medscape said the content was fully compliant with medical education industry accreditation standards, but said it would not accept funding from any tobacco industry-affiliated organization in

784-608: Was terminated by WebMD. The following year the Medscape Journal of Medicine ceased publishing. In January 2013, Eric Topol was named editor-in-chief of Medscape. The same year, Lundberg returned to Medscape as editor-at-large . In 2009, WebMD released an iOS application of Medscape, followed by an Android version two years later. In 2015, WebMD launched Medscape CME & Education on iOS. In 2021, Medscape launched Medscape UK to expand their business in United Kingdom. In 2016

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